阅读说明：本技术 一种基于电爆法制备纳米银消毒剂的工艺方法 (Process method for preparing nano-silver disinfectant based on electric explosion method ) 是由 崔建勋 于 2020-05-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于电爆法制备纳米银消毒剂的工艺方法,其制备原理如下：通过独立的阴极与对应的阳极的高压产生电爆,然后形成瞬间高温使金属银蒸发,原子态的金属银在纳米银生成室做无规则热运动,相互碰撞聚并后凝结形成纳米银颗粒,这些纳米银颗粒随着工作气流通过管道进入储料室,储料室中的气固分离器将气体中的纳米银颗粒进行过滤,过滤后的纳米银颗粒落入底部存贮。储料室中的纳米银可以进入配剂室与溶剂混合生成纳米银消毒剂。消毒剂成分包括纳米银、纳米银稳定剂、分散保护剂、助剂、溶剂。与现有纳米银消毒剂制备方法相比较,本发明可以调控纳米银的生产速率、长时间连续制备纳米银消毒剂、可制备多种不同配比的纳米银消毒剂、纳米银消毒剂制备效率高,操作简单,性价比高。(The invention discloses a process method for preparing a nano-silver disinfectant based on an electric explosion method, which comprises the following preparation principles: the high voltage through independent negative pole and corresponding positive pole produces the electric explosion, then forms high temperature in the twinkling of an eye and makes metallic silver evaporate, and atomic metallic silver is at the irregular hot motion of nano silver formation room, and the collision coalescence that mutually collides condenses and form the nano silver granule, and these nano silver granules pass through the pipeline along with working gas flow and get into the storage compartment, and the gas-solid separation ware in the storage compartment filters the nano silver granule in the gas, and the nano silver granule after the filtration falls into the bottom and stores. The nano silver in the storage chamber can enter the preparation chamber to be mixed with the solvent to generate the nano silver disinfectant. The disinfectant comprises nano silver, a nano silver stabilizer, a dispersion protective agent, an auxiliary agent and a solvent. Compared with the existing preparation method of the nano-silver disinfectant, the method can regulate and control the production rate of the nano-silver, continuously prepare the nano-silver disinfectant for a long time, prepare various nano-silver disinfectants with different proportions, and has the advantages of high preparation efficiency, simple operation and high cost performance.)

1. A process for preparing nano silver disinfectant based on electric explosion method is characterized by that its preparation equipment includes nano silver generation chamber, storage chamber and compounding chamber, on the central portion of nano silver generation chamber three independent cathodes are mounted, and under the three cathodes three anodes capable of continuously providing bar-like silver material are mounted, and the three anodes are made into an integral structure, and the cathodes and anodes are correspondent to each other. The nano-silver generating chamber is connected with the storage chamber through a pipeline, and a gas-solid separator is arranged in the storage chamber and used for separating nano-silver particles. The compounding chamber is connected below the storage chamber, the nano-silver particles stored in the storage chamber can be added into the compounding chamber according to the required amount, and the compounding chamber is used for compounding the nano-silver disinfectant. And an electric stirring paddle is arranged in the mixing chamber, the electric stirring paddle is controlled by a stirrer, and the two stirring paddles are connected through a transmission belt. The disinfectant solvent enters the compounding chamber through the feeding groove to be mixed with the nano silver particles to form the disinfectant, and then the disinfectant is extracted from the discharging hole. The power supply is respectively connected with the cathode, the anode and the stirrer through wires.

2. The technological method for preparing nano silver disinfectant based on the electro-explosion method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high voltage of the independent cathode and the corresponding anode generates the electro-explosion, then the instantaneous high temperature is formed to evaporate the metallic silver, the metallic silver in the atomic state does the random thermal motion in the nano silver generating chamber, the metallic silver particles collide with each other and are condensed to form nano silver particles, the nano silver particles enter the storage chamber along with the working gas flow through the pipeline, the gas-solid separator in the storage chamber filters the nano silver particles in the gas, and the filtered nano silver particles fall into the bottom for storage. The nano silver in the storage chamber can enter the preparation chamber to be mixed with the solvent to generate the nano silver disinfectant.

3. The process method for preparing the nano-silver disinfectant based on the electro-explosion method as claimed in claim 1, wherein three independent cathodes capable of being freely adjusted are installed above the central portion of the nano-silver generating chamber, three fixed cathodes capable of continuously providing the rod-shaped silver material are installed below the central portion of the nano-silver generating chamber, and the anodes vertically correspond to the cathodes.

4. The process method for preparing the nano-silver disinfectant based on the electro-explosion method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the storage chamber is connected with the nano-silver generating chamber through a pipeline.

5. The process method for preparing the nano-silver disinfectant based on the electro-explosion method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the storage chamber is provided with a gas-solid separator, and the gas-solid separator can separate nano-silver particles with the particle size of more than 1 nm.

6. The process for preparing nano silver disinfectant based on the electro-explosion method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the storage chamber is connected with the dosing chamber, and nano silver particles stored in the interior of the storage chamber can be fed into the dosing chamber according to the feeding requirement.

7. The process for preparing nano silver disinfectant based on the electro-explosion method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inside of the compounding chamber is provided with an electric stirring device for mixing nano silver particles and disinfectant solvent.

8. The process method for preparing the nano-silver disinfectant based on the electro-explosion method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the disinfectant components comprise nano-silver, a nano-silver stabilizer, a dispersion protective agent, an auxiliary agent and a solvent. The nano silver particle size is between 1 and 100 nm; the nano-silver stabilizer comprises one of amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, taurine, glycine and alanine), amino acid salts (such as sodium glutamate, sodium aspartate, ammonium sulfamate and sodium alanine), and high-stability complexing agents (such as disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, sodium hexametaphosphate and water-soluble cyclodextrin), or a combination of the above substances; the dispersion protective agent is high-stability water-soluble high molecular polymer, such as one of polyvinyl alcohol and derivatives thereof, polyvinylpyrrolidone and derivatives thereof, cellulose and derivatives thereof, water-soluble chitosan and derivatives thereof, polyethylene glycol and carbomer, or a combination of the above substances; the auxiliary agent is one of boric acid, borax, lactic acid and ammonia water, or the combination of the substances; the solvent is one of ethanol and water, or a mixed solution of ethanol and water.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of nanotechnology and fine chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a process method for preparing a nano-silver disinfectant based on an electric explosion method.

Background

Since the twenty-first century, with the development of society and the improvement of living standard of people, people put higher demands on environmental conditions and health. Bacteria, viruses and the like, particularly harmful to human bodies, animals and the like, can cause a plurality of serious diseases, have large reproductive capacity, continuously invade the normal life of people and seriously threaten the physical health of people. The existing sterilization and disinfection technology is still not perfect, and the action conditions of heat sterilization, such as high-temperature and high-pressure sterilization, are too strong, so that the properties of the product can be damaged. The nano silver is a novel nano material, has excellent conductivity, and can kill bacterial viruses such as escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and the like. The nano silver can generate strong sterilization effect under the condition of small dosage, has strong permeability, broad sterilization effect and no drug resistance; and has no irritation response to the skin. However, the existing nano-silver disinfectant has the disadvantages of complex preparation method, long preparation period, small scale and higher cost. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a method for preparing nano silver disinfectant to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a process method for preparing the nano-silver disinfectant based on an electric explosion method, the equipment has the advantages of flexible operation, simple structure, large generation amount, high cost performance of the prepared nano-silver disinfectant and continuous preparation and production.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a technological method for preparing nano-silver disinfection based on an electric explosion method comprises the following steps:

s1: experimental device for preparing nano-silver disinfectant by electric explosion method

Referring to fig. 1, the experimental apparatus for preparing nano silver disinfectant by using an electric explosion method comprises a nano silver generating chamber 1, a storage chamber 6 and a dosing chamber 8, and is characterized in that three independent cathodes 2 are arranged on the central part of the nano silver generating chamber 1, three anodes 3 capable of continuously providing rod-shaped silver materials are arranged below the cathodes 2, the three anodes 3 are of an integral structure, and the cathodes 2 and the anodes 3 correspond to each other. The nano silver generating chamber 1 is connected with the storage chamber 6 through a pipeline 4, and a gas-solid separator 5 is arranged in the storage chamber 6 and used for separating nano silver particles. The compounding chamber 8 is connected below the storage chamber 6, the nano silver particles stored in the storage chamber 6 can be added into the compounding chamber 8 according to the required amount, and the compounding chamber 8 is used for compounding the nano silver disinfectant. An electric stirring paddle 12 is arranged in the mixing chamber 8 and is controlled by a stirrer 11, and the two stirring paddles are connected through a transmission belt. Disinfectant solvent enters the compounding chamber 8 through the feeding groove 7 to be mixed with the nano silver particles to form disinfectant, and then the disinfectant is extracted from the discharging hole 9. The power source 13 is connected to the cathode 2, the anode 3, and the agitator 11 via electric wires.

S2: preparation process of nano-silver disinfectant

The preparation of the nano silver disinfectant is that high voltage is generated between a cathode and an anode of a nano silver generating chamber to generate electric explosion, instantaneous high temperature is formed to evaporate metal silver, atomic metal silver does irregular thermal motion in the nano silver generating chamber and is condensed to form nano silver particles after mutual collision and coalescence, the nano silver particles enter a storage chamber along with working airflow through a pipeline, a gas-solid separator in the storage chamber filters the nano silver particles in the gas, and the filtered nano silver particles fall into the bottom for storage. The nano silver in the storage chamber can enter the preparation chamber to be mixed with the solvent to generate the nano silver disinfectant.

S3: preparation of nano silver disinfectant

A certain amount of nano silver, a nano silver stabilizer, a dispersion protective agent, an auxiliary agent and a solvent are stirred and dispersed into uniform slurry according to a certain proportion.

Preferably, the nano silver is characterized in that the nano silver particle size is between 1 and 100 nm.

Preferably, the nano-silver stabilizer is one of amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid, taurine, glycine and alanine), amino acid salts (such as sodium glutamate, sodium aspartate, ammonium sulfamate and sodium alaninate), high-stability complexing agents (such as disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, sodium hexametaphosphate and water-soluble cyclodextrin), or a combination of the above substances.

Preferably, the dispersion protective agent is a high-stability water-soluble high-molecular polymer, such as one of polyvinyl alcohol and its derivatives, polyvinylpyrrolidone and its derivatives, cellulose and its derivatives, water-soluble chitosan and its derivatives, polyethylene glycols, carbomers, or a combination thereof.

Preferably, the auxiliary agent is one of boric acid, borax, lactic acid and ammonia water, or a combination of the above substances.

Preferably, the solvent is one of ethanol and water, or a mixed ethanol-water solution.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the production rate of the nano silver can be regulated: the production rate of the nano silver can be regulated and controlled by the feeding rate of the anode silver rods of the nano silver generating chamber, the matching working quantity of the cathode and the anode and the working voltage between the cathode and the anode. The faster the anode silver rod feeding rate, the more the cathode and anode matching work quantity and the larger the working voltage between the cathode and the anode, the faster the nano silver production rate.

(2) Preparing the nano-silver disinfectant continuously for a long time: the nano silver particles continuously generated by the nano silver in the generating chamber enter the material storage chamber and then enter the compounding chamber to be mixed with the solvent to generate the nano silver disinfectant, and the process can continuously run for a long time and continuously feed and extract.

(3) Can prepare various nano-silver disinfectants with different proportions: in the invention, the disinfectant with disinfection and sterilization effects can be prepared by controlling the proportion of the nano-silver, the nano-silver stabilizer, the dispersion protective agent, the auxiliary agent and the solvent, and the requirements of different practical occasions are met.

(4) The nano-silver disinfectant has high preparation efficiency, simple operation and high cost performance: the nano-silver disinfectant can be efficiently, quickly and flexibly prepared by integrally combining the nano-silver generating device, the storage device and the nano-silver compounding device, so that the equipment investment cost is saved, the preparation cost of the nano-silver disinfectant is reduced, and the cost performance is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the manufacturing process equipment of the present invention;

wherein: 1-a nano-silver generation chamber; 2-a cathode; 3-an anode; 4-a pipeline; 5-gas-solid separator; 6-a material storage chamber; 7-a feed chute; 8-a dosing chamber; 9-a discharge hole; 10-a transmission belt; 11-a stirrer; 12-a stirring paddle; 13-power supply.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation process of the present invention;

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2 in the embodiment of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.