阅读说明：本技术 地面碘化银焰炉人工增雨（雪）作业条件识别方法 (Method for identifying artificial rain (snow) increasing operation condition of ground silver iodide flame furnace ) 是由 濮江平 于 2020-04-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种地面碘化银焰炉人工增雨(雪)作业条件识别方法。主要针对冷云催化剂的地面焰炉作业,主要包含地面作业点附近的必要信息采集和作业条件逻辑判断两个部分。本发明的“地面碘化银焰炉人工增雨(雪)作业条件识别方法”,确定了地面碘化银焰炉冷云雾作业条件识别基本要求并能够清晰地进行逻辑判断,最后给出是否具备作业条件,以及适合作业时依据各种参数的差别进行强、中、弱分级等作业指标,实现地面碘化银焰炉人工增雨(雪)自动作业,大大提升地面碘化银焰炉的作业效率。(The invention discloses a method for identifying the operation condition of artificial rain (snow) enhancement of a ground silver iodide flame furnace. The method mainly aims at the ground flame furnace operation of the cold cloud catalyst, and mainly comprises two parts of necessary information acquisition and operation condition logic judgment near a ground operation point. The invention discloses a method for identifying the artificial rain (snow) increasing operation condition of a ground silver iodide flame furnace, which determines the basic requirement of the identification of the cold cloud fog operation condition of the ground silver iodide flame furnace, can clearly carry out logic judgment, finally gives out whether the ground silver iodide flame furnace has the operation condition, and carries out strong, medium and weak classification and other operation indexes according to the difference of various parameters when the ground silver iodide flame furnace is suitable for operation, realizes the automatic artificial rain (snow) increasing operation of the ground silver iodide flame furnace, and greatly improves the operation efficiency of the ground silver iodide flame furnace.)

1. And (3) judging the power condition generated by the cloud mist by adopting a single-phase ultrasonic vertical airflow sensor and quantitatively calculating the stable speed of the weak ascending airflow.

2. And calculating the thermal condition and the water vapor condition generated by the local cloud and mist by adopting the temperature and dew point element difference value, and identifying the objective standard generated by the local cloud and mist by combining the monitoring video image capacity.

3. And adopting local atmospheric pressure elements and mountain absolute height difference to participate in the prejudgment of mountain top cloud and mist conditions, and participating in the calculation of mountain top convection cloud temperature distribution according to local temperature and humidity elements.

4. And pre-judging the vertical distribution of the cloud bottom height of the convection cloud and the temperature gradient in the cloud by using local temperature, pressure and humidity factors.

5. The method is characterized in that a vertical updraft exists locally, the ambient temperature threshold is lower than 0 ℃, and the cloud fog exists as the necessary conditions for the artificial ice nucleus catalysis of the local cold cloud fog.

6. The method is characterized in that vertical updraft exists locally, the temperature threshold of the working influence area is lower than 0 ℃, and the cloud serves as the necessary condition for artificial ice nucleus catalysis of cold cloud and mist in the working influence area.

7. And (3) adopting a computer to control continuous unsupervised acquisition elements, judging local cloud generation conditions according to the methods 1 and 2 and the logic 5, and judging whether the local cloud generation conditions are suitable for the artificial ice nucleation catalytic operation of the cold cloud in a grading manner.

8. And (3) adopting a computer to control continuous unsupervised acquisition elements, judging cloud and fog generation conditions of the operation influence target area according to the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd and 4 th calculation methods and the 6 th logic condition, and judging whether the operation influence target area is suitable for the cold cloud and fog artificial ice nucleation catalytic operation in a grading manner.

9. The cold cloud and fog artificial rain (snow) increasing operation broadcast performance level is given according to condition classification for operation commanders to determine an 'operable instruction', and after manual examination and verification, the flame strips in the ground silver iodide flame furnace are manually (or automatically under manual advance authorization) ignited for artificial rain (snow) increasing operation.

Technical Field

The method for identifying the operating conditions of artificial rain (snow) enhancement of the ground silver iodide flame furnace is a condition identification method based on the idea of artificially influencing weather.

Background

The people have long drenched rain and dispelled disasters and avoids disasters and pests to seek a good wish for dreaming. The artificial influence on weather refers to the implementation influence on the cloud physical process, especially the micro physical process, of local atmosphere by artificial intervention under the condition of proper cloud and mist to avoid or reduce meteorological disasters and reasonably utilize cloud water resources in the air, so as to realize the technical measures of increasing rain (snow), preventing hail, eliminating cloud (mist) and the like. The core technology is to spread the catalyst in proper dosage to proper position in the cloud (fog) under proper weather conditions and at proper time.

At present, silver iodide-containing materials widely used internationally are proved to be efficient and low-toxicity artificial rain (snow) increasing catalysts, and cold cloud mist with the environmental temperature lower than 0 ℃ is an effective operation object. By spreading a catalyst containing silver iodide preparation, the conversion of liquid water-solid ice crystal beijiron and the rime attachment process of ice crystal and supercooled water drops are changed, the conversion of small water drops in the cloud to ice crystal with larger scale is changed, the total concentration of cloud drops is reduced, the proportion of large cloud drops is increased, the structure of a cloud drop spectrum is changed, the stability of colloid is broken, the conversion efficiency of cloud drops and rain drops is finally improved, early precipitation of the cloud is promoted or the precipitation amount is increased, and the purposes of artificial rain increase or snow increase are achieved.

At present, the weather modification operation means mainly comprise: the method comprises three technical methods of spreading a catalyst in airplane cloud, launching a high-shot shell or artificial precipitation rocket for spreading the catalyst, burning a silver iodide flame agent catalyst on the ground and the like.

The airplane has wide operation influence area, high efficiency and high price, and can take off and land guarantee conditions and airspace application under severe weather when flying is needed; ground antiaircraft rocket operation also needs to apply for airspace, and is often influenced by conventional civil aviation routes and temporary military training. Therefore, the scientific and precise operation of the operation can not be ensured frequently by the operation position, operation time and operation time of the airplane and the ground antiaircraft rocket. The ground flame furnace operation does not need to apply for an operation airspace, and the operation time, the time period, the operation amount and the like can be flexibly and freely determined according to the appropriate operation conditions.

The ground combustion flame furnace is ground operation equipment installed on a windward slope of a high mountain, and mainly comprises a furnace body shell, a silver iodide flare fixing point flame holder, an ignition trigger, power supply communication security and the like.

The operation of the existing ground flame furnace in China is that various provincial meteorological departments select and design operation points, purchase and installation of the ground operation flame furnace, acquisition and purchase configuration of operation flame strips according to cloud physics and scientific principles of weather modification according to meteorological laws of the people's republic of China and weather modification regulations issued by the State administration, and broadcast operation according to a specified working flow.

In daily operation, firstly, the ground operation condition needs to be judged, and whether the arrangement point position (generally, the position of the semi-mountain waist in a mountain area) of each flame furnace has the cloud and fog forming condition is determined according to large-scale weather forecast and the variation trend. The operators on duty who artificially influence weather consider sending operation instructions under 'proper operation conditions' according to comprehensive judgment, some operators send operation instructions to the operation points locally through wired telephones/wireless interphones, local forest maintainers manually carry out flame lighting strips, or the operators transmit the operation instructions through a radio base station network, and a ground silver iodide flame furnace automatically controls ignition and silver iodide nuclear flame agent spreading. The silver iodide ice nuclei diffuse into the atmosphere along with the smoke discharge, if the surrounding environment is suitable for the formation of cloud or cloud mist is formed, the cloud particle spectrum is changed through the Beijiron effect, the proportion of large cloud drops or fog drops is expanded, the conversion of the cloud drops or fog drops to rain drops is accelerated, effective precipitation is formed, and the purpose of artificial rain or snow increase can be achieved.

However, since the work object of the ground surface flame furnace is limited to only the terrain clouds, the flame furnace body must be selectively installed at a high mountain canyon semi-slope position, the terrain clouds are formed near the mountain top with the ascending airflow, and the precipitation or snowfall of the terrain clouds is increased by the artificial ice core. If the silver iodide ice core catalyst cannot play a role in cloud fog without enough updraft, the role of artificial rain and snow increment is not mentioned. The weather modification operation commander generally commands in a town office, can only initially judge the approximate ' operation condition ' of the ground flame furnace according to the large-scale weather forecast and the radar detection result, and is difficult to check whether the actual operation condition ' of each mountain area operation point meets the ' cold cloud catalytic operation condition ' one by one.

In order to solve the difficult problems which are puzzled in actual work of artificial influence on weather for years, the invention provides a method for identifying artificial rain (snow) increasing operation conditions of a ground silver iodide flame furnace according to the basic cloud physics principle and the technical method of artificial influence on weather, and designs a corresponding ground silver iodide flame furnace operation point information acquisition monitoring terminal.

Disclosure of Invention

Due to the limitation of the geographical position of the working environment, the ground working flame furnace is not applied to the artificial weather modification system in a high proportion. The reason is that the operating point is too remote, and the operation commander is difficult to obtain timely condition information on the site of the operating site, so that the blindness of the operation work is caused, the waste of the catalyst used in the operation is avoided, and the condition feedback cannot be well obtained by the remote control.

Although the amount of silver iodide catalyst used in artificial precipitation is not large, and the environment is not polluted, the catalyst is still brought into the houses of the nearby villagers by the sinking airflow due to the fact that the catalyst is put in the houses of the nearby villagers by mistake, so that the villagers are not full, and even artificial precipitation equipment can be damaged by people.

Therefore, the method and the technical route for accurately judging whether the current environment meets the operation conditions of accurately identifying artificial rain (snow) increase at the operation point of the ground silver iodide flame furnace can be invented, so that scientific operation can be realized, and people's dissatisfaction can not be caused.

The precondition of artificial precipitation is that the formation of cloud is needed, and the condition can be satisfied when the air is saturated. The way to saturate the air is to add air moisture or to reduce the ambient temperature, which is difficult to do in practice, but the reduction of the ambient temperature can be achieved by reducing the pressure during the ramp-up. Therefore, in mountainous areas, as long as the ascending air current exists and certain moisture exists, the ascending air current can be saturated near the top of the mountain, and the mist can be condensed and generated. Under the condition, the precipitation (snow) amount can be increased by manually sowing the silver iodide artificial ice nucleus.

Therefore, the aim of artificially increasing precipitation or snowfall can be fulfilled by carrying out ground silver iodide flame furnace operation as long as the requirement of forming cloud on the ground is met at the operation point. The method for identifying the artificial rain (snow) increasing operation condition of the ground silver iodide flame furnace operation point is a necessary means for achieving the purpose.

Specific technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose of identifying the operation conditions of the ground silver iodide flame furnace, large-scale weather background conditions are firstly analyzed, a system cloud system develops above an operation point, certain cloud water resources are provided, the conditions are necessary for artificial precipitation operation, and weather forecast is indispensable in this respect; secondly, a certain technical means is adopted to obtain necessary information near a ground operation point, which is a sufficient condition for artificial rainfall enhancement operation on the ground; thirdly, in combination with the demand of the local soil of the operation site for precipitation, even if the sufficient necessary conditions for artificial precipitation are met under the condition that the soil is saturated and runoff is generated, the artificial precipitation operation cannot be performed due to secondary disasters such as flood caused by runoff. According to the three basic principles, the large-scale cloud water resource judgment is mainly completed by depending on the existing weather forecasting system, the relevant sensors are designed to complete information collection near the ground operation point, the soil saturation is comprehensively analyzed, and the method for identifying the artificial rain (snow) increasing operation condition of the ground silver iodide flame furnace is realized.

First-scale and large-scale cloud water resource judgment

The cloud water resource refers to the condition of liquid solid water carried in cloud under the cloud condition, and does not contain water and gas resources in the atmosphere, and water and gas cannot be directly developed and utilized. The globally published numerical weather forecast products, including China, Japan, Korea, America, European center and the like, which have precipitation forecast products with the resolution of 0.25 x 0.25 degree grid distance can be used freely, so that large-scale weather cloud water resources covering all domestic ground operation points can be guaranteed. The daily used technical approach is to obtain the weather forecast product through the conventional weather forecast product published by the China weather service every day.

Second, ground operation condition identification method

The ground silver iodide flame furnace artificial rain (snow) increasing operating condition mainly aims at the ground flame furnace operation of a cold cloud catalyst, and mainly comprises two parts of necessary information acquisition and operating condition logic judgment near a ground operating point.

1. The ground silver iodide flame furnace operation condition judgment must have 3 core conditions:

the operating point is provided with an ascending air flow;

conditions for forming terrain clouds (fog) from the operating point to the high mountain top;

the artificial ice nucleus released by the operation igniting silver iodide flame agent must be capable of reaching the cloud base height and the nucleation environment temperature must be lower than 0 ℃;

in addition, cloud and fog judgment, rainfall intensity perception and soil saturation judgment capabilities are required to be possessed by ground flame furnace operating point operating condition judgment. If cloud and fog conditions exist and environmental elements need artificial precipitation (snow), the operation can be directly carried out; if strong precipitation exists and the soil is saturated to form runoff, even if the operation condition of the ground silver iodide flame furnace is met, the operation cannot be carried out due to the secondary disaster which can form flood.

Because the ground operation flame furnace body is generally installed at the position of a hilly canyon semi-slope, it is difficult to realize that each operation flame furnace is equipped with an automatic meteorological station with manual observation, and the conventional four-element and fine six-element automatic meteorological stations arranged in a meteorological bureau can not meet the basic requirements of figure ground operation condition identification information. The core of the invention is to design a sensor capable of independently measuring vertical airflow and comprehensive temperature, pressure, humidity, precipitation and soil saturation elements. With the basic information data, it is possible to develop a logical relationship between the work condition judgment establishing elements.

2. Logical relation for judging operation condition of ground silver iodide flame furnace

The method adopts a mature ultrasonic measurement principle, selects a single vertical direction to install an ultrasonic airflow sensor, and directly measures the rising or sinking airflow near the operation station as a primary factor for condition judgment. Because the sampling frequency of the ultrasonic measuring sensor is very high and the data fluctuation is very large, a necessary algorithm needs to be established for wavelet analysis, and extremely low-frequency vertical airflow is detected.

Judging the ascending/descending of airflow: if the vertical airflow is a sinking airflow with a measurement result of zero or less per minute, the judgment of the operable condition is not made; the logic of the next cloud generation condition is only re-entered when there is an updraft greater than zero.

Judging local cloud generation conditions: when the existence of weak ascending air flow is detected, the temperature and humidity environment elements are read, and parameters such as Relative Humidity (RH) and temperature dew point difference (t-td) are calculated.

When the relative humidity RH is more than or equal to 95.1%, the cloud condition is considered to be possibly formed locally, and the seeding degree of the local operation of the silver iodide ice core is high;

no cloud formation condition was considered locally when the relative humidity RH < 95%;

the broadcast rate of the local job is medium when 85% < RH <95%, and the broadcast rate of the local job is low when RH is 84.9% or less.

If a scattering visibility meter or a laser cloud detection recognizer is available, the generation condition of the local cloud can be judged more accurately.

When the relative humidity is 50% < RH <95%, further judgment is needed to judge whether the cloud condition can be formed near the mountain top;

the decision logic is terminated when RH < 49.9%.

Thirdly, logically judging the condition of the mountain top cloud: and when the relative humidity RH is less than 95%, performing logic judgment on the condition of mountain top cloud formation.

Calculating whether the mountain top has a cloud forming condition or not according to the altitude Zb (dimension m) of the operation station, the mountain top altitude Ztop (dimension m) corresponding to the altitude Zb, the air temperature t and the dew point temperature td at the time: Δ H =124 (t-td)

When ZTop-Zb is ≧ Δ H. Judging that the mountain tops have the cloud forming condition, and the sowing degree of the silver iodide ice pit mountain top operation is high;

when Δ H > Ztop-Zb > Δ H0.8. Judging whether the mountain tops have the cloud forming condition or the sowing degree of the silver iodide ice nucleation mountain tops;

when ZTop-Zb is less than or equal to Δ H0.8. Judging whether the mountain top has a cloud forming condition, judging the seeding degree of silver iodide ice nucleation mountain top operation, and judging the cloud bottom height and the theoretical height of the catalyst moving along with the ascending air flow.

When ZTop-Zb is less than or equal to Δ H0.8. Judging that the mountain tops have cloud forming conditions, and the sowing degree of the silver iodide ice pit mountain top operation is weak;

judging the height of the catalyst reaching the cloud bottom along with the movement of the ascending air flow: if the relative height difference of the mountain is not enough to form a cloud and fog condition on the mountain top, but the soil separation saturation degree is large, the demand degree of artificial precipitation operation is large, and under the condition, if the large scale is adopted, the large scale is adoptedAnd (3) judging whether the local area has enough cloud water conditions and the ground operation point has enough updraft, and trying to judge whether the ice nucleus of the silver iodide catalyst can reach the cloud bottom height within the effective nucleation time period. The specific method comprises the following steps:

firstly, determining the cloud base height Zc, searching the longitude and latitude cloud base height corresponding to the ground operation point according to the cloud product in the global numerical weather forecast mode, obtaining cloud base height data through internationally exchanging radio sounding data, calculating and calculating delta H =124 (t-td) through the temperature and dew point difference of the operation point, and judging the convective cloud base condensation height of the air mass.

Secondly, according to the vertical airflow speed W obtained by the operation point detection, according to the industry passing cognition: the influence time t of the ice formation of the silver iodide ice core is estimated to be about 20 minutes to 3 hours (20-180 minutes), the silver iodide ice core released by burning at the altitude position of the operating point Zb is lifted by the ascending airflow, and whether the height of the cloud bottom Zc can be reached after the time t:

if Zc-Zb is less than or equal to 0.8W t, the ground operation broadcast rate is high;

if 0.8W t < Zc-Zb is not more than W t, the ground operation broadcast rate is middle;

if Zc-Zb > W x t, the ground operation broadcast degree is weak;

if Zc-Zb > 1.2W t, then the surface operation is not available.

And (3) logically judging the cold cloud operation condition: the temperature requirement of the silver iodide catalyst in an ice nucleation environment is met, the ice water conversion efficiency is highest when the ambient temperature is-11.8 ℃, and if the cold cloud catalyst cannot rise to reach the optimal operation temperature, the operation effect is greatly reduced, and even the artificial rain enhancement catalysis operation is ineffective.

When the temperature of the silver iodide catalyst influence area is judged to be lower than-11.9 ℃, the sowing degree is judged to be high;

judging the temperature in the sowing range when the temperature of the silver iodide catalyst influence area is judged to be between-5.0 and-11.8 ℃;

judging the temperature in the sowing degree when the temperature of the silver iodide catalyst influence area is judged to be between-0.1 and-4.9 ℃;

judging that the silver iodide catalyst cannot be broadcast when the temperature of the affected area of the silver iodide catalyst is judged to be higher than 0 ℃;

logically judging the operation requirement of the soil saturation degree:

when the soil achieves the liquid water saturation of 100%, the operation requirement is low or even no operation requirement exists;

when the soil reaches the liquid water saturation between 90% and 99%, the operation requirement is weak;

when the soil reaches the liquid water saturation between 80% and 89%, the operation requirement is in progress;

when the soil achieves the liquid water saturation of less than 79 percent, the operation requirement is strong.

In combination with the above～And (4) logically judging the relation, judging step by step, and finally determining the grade of the artificial rain (snow) increasing operation condition of the ground silver iodide flame furnace. A systematic method for identifying the artificial rain (snow) increasing operation condition of the ground silver iodide flame furnace is formed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: at present, 3 factories exist for producing ground combustion flame furnace bodies on a large scale in the field of artificial weather influence in China, namely Jiangxi New country science and technology limited company, Xian Zhongtian rocket limited company and Wuhai Wuwuliu precipitation hail-suppression rocket limited company in Shanxi province and inner Mongolia autonomous region. All products are designed around the flame furnace itself.

The earliest product design uses manual duty at ground operation site, and the phone is manually ignited to spread the silver iodide catalyst after receiving operation instruction; automatic transformation is carried out later, the automatic ignition function of the ground flame furnace is realized, remote control instructions are sent wirelessly to control ignition, and the ground operation flame furnace can be arranged in the deep part of an unattended field mountain forest; in recent years, domestic ground operation flame furnace manufacturers are gradually equipped with multi-station remote control software, and can integrally control field ground operation flame furnaces. At most, an automatic weather station is installed at the installation site of the flame furnace to collect the conventional weather data. However, the difficult problem of identifying the silver iodide ice-nucleating operation condition is difficult to overcome.

The invention discloses a method for identifying the artificial rain (snow) increasing operation condition of a ground silver iodide flame furnace, which determines the basic requirement of the identification of the cold cloud fog operation condition of the ground silver iodide flame furnace, can clearly carry out logic judgment, finally gives out whether the ground silver iodide flame furnace has the operation condition, and carries out strong, medium and weak classification and other operation indexes according to the difference of various parameters when the ground silver iodide flame furnace is suitable for operation, realizes the automatic artificial rain (snow) increasing operation of the ground silver iodide flame furnace, and greatly improves the operation efficiency of the ground silver iodide flame furnace.