阅读说明：本技术 一种3d打印辅助制作大型水泥雕塑的方法 (Method for manufacturing large cement sculpture with assistance of 3D printing ) 是由 袁晓鑫 赵浩 姜鑫 于 2020-05-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种3D打印辅助制作大型水泥雕塑的方法,本发明公开了一种3D打印辅助制作大型水泥雕塑的方法,在电脑上制作雕塑的三维模型,对模型取反得到外模,对外模分段打印并拼接,择机灌入水泥,根据部位受力不同添加钢筋骨架或泡沫塑料,等到水泥完全硬化后,拆除外模,对雕塑毛坯进行精修和表面装饰,获得最终成品雕塑。通过本发明方法成型的雕塑制作周期短,节省人工,材料成本低,不受复杂程度限制,成型精度高,在雕塑领域充分发挥了3D打印技术的优势。(The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a large cement sculpture by 3D printing assistance, which comprises the steps of manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the sculpture on a computer, obtaining an outer mold by inverting the model, printing and splicing the outer mold in sections, filling cement by machine, adding a steel bar framework or foamed plastic according to different stress on the part, removing the outer mold after the cement is completely hardened, and finely trimming and decorating the surface of a sculpture blank to obtain the final finished sculpture. The sculpture formed by the method has the advantages of short manufacturing period, labor saving, low material cost, no limitation of complexity, high forming precision and full play of the advantages of the 3D printing technology in the sculpture field.)

1. A method for manufacturing a large cement sculpture by 3D printing assistance is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out three-dimensional modeling on a computer by a sculpture designer or providing a designed sculpture three-dimensional model by an acquirer;

(2) taking the inverse of the sculpture three-dimensional model to obtain a three-dimensional model of the sculpture external mold (1), and designing a pouring opening on the upper part of the model of the external mold (1) by combining the overall structure characteristics of the model;

(3) the outer mold (1) model is divided into a plurality of sections, appropriate materials (such as photosensitive resin, resin sand and the like) are selected and are respectively printed and molded through corresponding 3D printing technologies (SLA, SLS, 3DP and FDM), and the segmented outer mold (1) is preprocessed, polished and leveled so as to be convenient for splicing;

(4) the stress position of the whole sculpture is analyzed before splicing, the reinforcing steel bar framework (4) is designed at the stress concentration part to reinforce the structural strength, and the part with less stress is filled with the foam plastic (3) to save the cost.

(5) After the splicing preparation is made, the segmented outer die (1) is spliced on the base (5) from bottom to top gradually, the steel reinforcement framework (4) and the foam plastic (3) are placed at corresponding positions, the periphery of the outer die (1) is fastened by bolts or steel ropes, then the cement (2) is poured, and the steps are repeated until the whole sculpture blank is completed.

(6) After splicing is finished, waiting for the cement (2) to be completely hardened, removing the outer mold, carrying out surface treatment on the sculpture blank and carving necessary decorative patterns to finish the manufacturing work of the whole sculpture.

2. The method for manufacturing a large cement sculpture with the assistance of 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein: the sculpture outer mold (1) has enough thickness, and the material of the sculpture outer mold (1) has good mechanical property and can bear the expansion force during the hardening of the cement (2) and the gravity of the cement (2).

3. The method for manufacturing a large cement sculpture with the assistance of 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein: for the statue, if a suspended structure exists, the support can be added when the outer die (1) is designed or spliced; for the outer mould (1), if the slender structure is difficult to support, the slender structure can be omitted during design, and the slender structure is directly processed and formed on the sculpture blank.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a large cement sculpture by 3D printing assistance, and belongs to the field of additive manufacturing.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of economy, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and higher requirements are also made on spiritual culture life. A large-scale cement sculpture is built in public places such as parks, scenic spots and commercial squares in many cities, so that the cultural construction of the cities is enhanced, the image of the cities is improved, and the spiritual and cultural life of local people is enriched. At present, the mainstream construction method of the large cement sculpture is to weld a steel bar framework, weld a large framework by using steel materials such as thick steel bars, angle irons and the like, and further strengthen the structural strength of a stress concentration part by using a steel mesh made of thin steel bars. After the steel bar framework is welded, cement is gradually piled up on the framework from inside to outside to manufacture a sculpture blank. And finally, repairing the blank, and adding surface decorative patterns to finish the sculpture. The method has the advantages of long manufacturing period, high labor cost, large raw material consumption and general finished product size precision.

Directly print large-scale sculpture through 3D printing technique, finished product size precision is high, supports complicated structural design, receives liking of artist deeply. However, the method has long manufacturing period and high material requirement, and the total cost is far higher than the cost of manual carving, so the method is not popularized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a large cement sculpture by 3D printing assistance, cement is poured inside through a 3D printing external mold, the manufacturing period is short, labor is saved, the material cost is low, the method is not limited by the complexity of the sculpture, the molding precision is high, and the advantages of the 3D printing technology are fully exerted in the field of the sculpture.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for manufacturing a large cement sculpture by 3D printing assistance comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out three-dimensional modeling on a computer by a sculpture designer or providing a designed sculpture three-dimensional model by an acquirer;

(2) taking the inverse of the sculpture three-dimensional model to obtain a three-dimensional model of a sculpture external mold, and designing a pouring opening at the upper part of the external mold model by combining the overall structure characteristics of the model;

(3) the outer mold model is divided into a plurality of sections, appropriate materials (such as photosensitive resin, resin sand and the like) are selected and are respectively printed and molded by corresponding 3D printing technologies (SLA, SLS, 3DP and FDM), and the segmented outer mold is preprocessed, polished and leveled so as to be convenient for splicing;

(4) the stress position of the whole sculpture is analyzed before splicing, the strength of the reinforcing steel bar framework reinforcing structure is designed at the stress concentration part, and the part with less stress is filled with foam plastic so as to save the cost.

(5) After the splicing preparation is made, the segmented outer molds are spliced on the base from bottom to top step by step, the steel bar framework and the foam plastic are placed at corresponding positions, the peripheries of the outer molds are fastened by bolts or steel ropes, then the cement is poured, and the steps are repeated until the whole sculpture blank is completed.

(6) After the splicing is finished, waiting for the cement to be completely hardened, removing the outer mold, carrying out surface treatment on the sculpture blank and carving necessary decorative patterns to finish the manufacturing work of the whole sculpture.

The sculpturing outer mold should have sufficient thickness, and the outer mold material should have good mechanical properties, and can bear the expansion force during the cement hardening and the gravity of the cement.

For the statue, if a suspended structure exists, the support can be added during the design or splicing of the outer molds; for the outer mold, if there is an elongated structure that is difficult to support, it can be omitted from the design and formed directly on the sculpture blank.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the method for filling cement on the main stream steel bar framework, the method has the advantages of short manufacturing period, labor saving, low material cost, no restriction of sculpture complexity and high molding precision; compared with the method for directly forming the sculpture by 3D printing, the method has the advantages of short manufacturing period, low material requirement and low overall cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the present invention at an early stage;

FIG. 2 is a mid-stage cross-sectional view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a later stage sectional view of the invention.

Wherein, 1 represents a 3D printing and molding outer die, 2 represents cement, 3 represents foam, 4 represents a steel reinforcement framework, and 5 represents a base.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-3, the sculpture is modeled three-dimensionally by a sculpture designer on a computer or provided by an acquirer.

And (3) inverting the sculpture three-dimensional model to obtain a three-dimensional model of a sculpture external mold, and designing a pouring opening on the upper part of the model of the external mold 1 by combining the overall structural characteristics of the model.

The method comprises the steps of dividing a model of the outer die 1 into a plurality of sections, selecting resin sand, printing and molding the segmented outer die 1 through SLS or 3DP printing equipment, and then preprocessing the segmented outer die 1, polishing and flattening the segmented outer die and facilitating splicing.

The stress position of the whole sculpture is analyzed before splicing, the reinforcing cage 4 is designed at the stress concentration part to reinforce the structural strength, and the part with less stress is filled with the foam plastic 3 to save the cost.

After the splicing preparation is made, the segmented outer die 1 is spliced on the base 5 from bottom to top step by step, the steel reinforcement framework 4 and the foam plastic 3 are placed at corresponding positions, the periphery of the outer die 1 is fastened by bolts or steel ropes, then the cement 2 is poured, and the steps are repeated until the whole sculpture blank is finished.

After the splicing is finished, waiting for the cement 2 to be completely hardened, removing the external mold 1, performing surface treatment on the sculpture blank and carving necessary decorative patterns to finish the manufacturing work of the whole sculpture.

What has been described above is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the principle and the core idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is considered to be covered.