阅读说明：本技术 一种植物源杀螨剂及其制备方法和应用 (Plant source acaricide and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 孙恩涛 杜红江 唐静 俞德聪 汪夏生 杨欣宴 江佳妮 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种植物源杀螨剂及其制备方法和应用,通过水蒸气蒸馏法制备辣根素提取物,液体石蜡作为溶剂,混合所得的产品杀螨效果好。与现有技术相比,本发明产品对多种害虫有引诱、拒食、驱避、熏蒸、触杀及抑制生长发育等多种作用方式,对多数植物土传病原菌、孢子、霉菌、线虫、杂草等也存在较强熏蒸活性；杀灭效果好、抑菌活性强、安全环保,具有广阔的应用前景。(The invention provides a botanical acaricide and a preparation method and application thereof. Compared with the prior art, the product has various action modes of attracting, refusing to eat, repelling, fumigating, killing by contact, inhibiting growth and development and the like on various pests, and has stronger fumigating activity on most plant soil-borne pathogenic bacteria, spores, mould, nematodes, weeds and the like; good killing effect, strong bacteriostatic activity, safety, environmental protection and wide application prospect.)

1. The botanical acaricide is characterized by comprising an athomin extract and liquid paraffin.

2. The plant-derived acaricide according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the liquid paraffin to the athomin extract is 0-625: 1.

3. the plant-derived acaricide according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the athomin extract comprises:

weighing horse radish dry powder, adding buffer solution and antioxidant, heating and keeping temperature, distilling, collecting distillate, extracting, dehydrating, and concentrating to obtain horse radish extract.

4. The plant-derived acaricide according to claim 3, wherein the buffer solution is a sodium acetate-acetic acid buffer solution having a pH of 4.0 to 5.0.

5. The plant-derived acaricide according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the antioxidant is ascorbic acid solution.

6. The plant-derived acaricide according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the dosage ratio of the horseradish dry powder to the buffer solution is: 1: 1.5-1: 2 g/ml.

7. The plant-derived acaricide according to claim 5, wherein the dosage ratio of the horseradish dry powder to the ascorbic acid solution is 5: 1-10: 1 g/ml.

8. A method for producing a plant-derived miticide according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method comprises:

mixing the athomin extract and liquid paraffin, and stirring.

9. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the stirring is performed at a rotation speed of 80-100 rpm for 0.8-1.2 h.

10. Use of a plant-derived acaricide according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is used for indoor acaricide or made into animal acaricide, air purification preparation or detergent.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant source acaricides, and particularly relates to a plant source acaricide and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Dust mites are tiny arthropods of arachnidae, are widely distributed, are one of main inhalation allergens causing allergic diseases, and can cause diseases such as mite asthma, atopic dermatitis, chronic urticaria and the like, and researches show that the dust mite allergen level in the environment directly influences the symptoms of dust mite allergic child asthma and the normal lung function and bronchial reactivity of dust mite allergic adult asthma patients, in addition, the human body part parasitized by mites has the problems of hair follicle enlargement, blood vessel expansion, fibrous tissue proliferation and the like, and the skin also has the phenomena of erythema, pimple, pruritus and the like, so that the symptoms such as rough skin, pore enlargement, acne skin damage, alopecia, external auditory canal pruritus and the like are caused.

The existing acaricide mainly takes compounds such as benzyl benzoate, tannic acid, dibutyl phthalate and the like as main active ingredients, although the chemical drugs can control harmful mites, the acaricide needs to be used for a long time, so that a plurality of mites can easily generate cross resistance, on the other hand, the acaricide can kill natural enemies and other beneficial organisms while killing the harmful mites, serious 3R problems (residue), resistance (resistance) and pest resurgence (resurgence) are generated, and the acaricide has strong toxicity, long residue and large side effect, has great influence on the environment and is not suitable for being used in large quantities. Therefore, the search for a novel, efficient, environment-friendly and green plant source acaricide has become one of the important contents of dust mite control work.

The plant source acaricide has been widely noticed by people because of its excellent acaricidal activity, no harm to environment and non-target organism, less interference to natural enemy, no obvious toxicity to vertebrate, rapid degradation in environment, and regeneration.

Chinese herbal medicine has the advantages of wide material sources, no serious toxic or side effect, low raw material cost and the like, and the plant source acaricide meets the development requirements of new era and has wide application development prospect. Therefore, the novel indoor acaricide with high efficiency, low toxicity and no pollution is developed from Chinese traditional medicinal materials and is a preferred auxiliary treatment method for clinically treating dust mite allergic diseases.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a botanical acaricide and a preparation method thereof, wherein a water vapor distillation method is adopted to prepare an athomin extract, liquid paraffin is used as a solvent, and the obtained product has good acaricidal effect.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide the use of a plant-derived acaricide for indoor or animal acaricidal applications.

The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a plant source acaricide comprises athomin extract and liquid paraffin;

the volume ratio of the liquid paraffin to the athomin extract is 0-625: 1, the acaricidal property can be met within the range.

The preparation method of the athomin extract comprises the following steps:

weighing horse radish dry powder, adding buffer solution and antioxidant, heating and keeping temperature, distilling, collecting distillate, extracting, dehydrating, and concentrating to obtain horse radish extract.

The buffer solution is a sodium acetate-acetic acid buffer solution with the pH value of 4.0-5.0;

the antioxidant is ascorbic acid solution;

the dosage ratio of the horseradish dry powder to the buffer solution is as follows: 1: 1.5-1: 2 g/ml;

the dosage ratio of the horseradish dry powder to the ascorbic acid solution is 5: 1-10: 1 g/ml;

the heating and heat preservation refers to heat preservation for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 40-65 ℃ in a water bath;

the step of collecting the distillate refers to collecting the distillate at the temperature of 0 ℃ in cold hydrazine;

the extraction adopts ether extraction; collecting the ether layer extract;

the dehydration means that: dehydrating the extract with anhydrous sodium sulfate;

the preparation method of the plant source acaricide provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

liquid paraffin and an athomin extract are mixed according to the volume ratio of 0-625: 1, mixing, stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain an athomin solution, thus obtaining the horseradish extract.

Preferably, the horseradish extract and the liquid paraffin are mixed according to the volume ratio of 1: 625 to obtain a solution of the athomin with the concentration of 1.6ml/L, mixing, stirring and mixing evenly to obtain the finished product.

The stirring is carried out for 0.8-1.2 h under the condition of the rotating speed of 80-100 rpm.

The application of the plant source acaricide provided by the invention is used for indoor acarid killing, or is prepared into animal acaricide, air purification preparation or detergent, and the plant source acaricide has remarkable contact killing and fumigating killing effects and ideal effects.

Compared with the prior art, the plant source acaricide provided by the invention has the following advantages that the athomin extract is prepared by a steam distillation method, liquid paraffin is used as a solvent, and the product obtained by mixing the athomin extract and the liquid paraffin is prepared by the following steps:

1) the killing effect is good: experiments prove that the product has good contact activity and fumigation activity on the dust mites and has obvious dosage effect, after fumigation is carried out for 72 hours, the killing effect of 0.6ml/L of the athomin solution on the dust mites can reach 100 percent, and different effect effects can be obtained by flexibly adjusting the concentration when the product is used;

2) the effect is wide: the product has various action modes of inducing, antifeedant, repelling, fumigating, contact killing, inhibiting growth and development and the like on various pests, and has stronger fumigating activity on most plant soil-borne pathogenic bacteria, spores, moulds, nematodes, weeds and the like;

3) the antibacterial activity is strong: when the product reaches a certain concentration, the growth of yellow mold, penicillium, botrytis cinerea and the like can be completely inhibited, mold spores can be killed, and in addition, the product can also reduce the incidence rate of malignant tumors such as gastric cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer and the like;

4) the application prospect is wide: the raw material of the product, the athomin, is mainly applied to fumigation control of storage pests, such as tribolium castaneum, ips typographus, adult leptoblongata and the like, and has good biological activity on pathogenic fungi, storage pests, root-knot nematodes, weeds and other harmful organisms;

5) safety and environmental protection: the raw materials of the product are Chinese herbal medicines, and the product has the advantages of wide raw material sources, no serious toxic or side effect, easy decomposition in the environment, low raw material cost and the like. The invention discloses a botanical acaricide, the main component of which is athomin, namely isothiocyanate compounds, which is a secondary metabolite widely existing in horseradish, mustard and other cruciferae plants, and has better killing effect on stored grain pests, and the like. The preparation process is simple, the acaricidal effect is obvious, the drug resistance is not easy to generate, the environment is protected, the raw material cost is low, the raw material is easy to obtain, and the acaricidal composition has good development and application prospects and economic value. In addition, the product provided by the invention has the advantages of rich raw materials and plant resources, simple preparation process and good development and application prospects in the aspect of protecting agricultural production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a slide glass with mites adhering thereto;

FIG. 2 is a slide immersion experiment;

FIG. 3 is a view before fumigation experiments (under a dissecting microscope);

fig. 4 shows the results after the fumigation experiment (under dissecting microscope).

Detailed Description

The following examples are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention, and the detailed embodiments and specific procedures are given for the purpose of implementing the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The various devices adopted in the invention are conventional devices used in the production process in the field, and the operation, parameters and the like of each device are carried out according to the conventional operations without special points.

The invention provides a botanical acaricide, which comprises an athomin extract and liquid paraffin.

The allyl isothiocyanate is a secondary metabolite of cruciferous plants such as horseradish and the like, can volatilize at normal temperature, is oily in appearance, is widely concerned due to strong and broad-spectrum fumigation activity, is often used as a pesticide, an antibacterial agent, a herbicide, a food additive, a disinfectant, an antiseptic preservative and the like, and researches show that the allyl isothiocyanate also has strong fumigation activity on most plant soil-borne pathogenic bacteria, spores, molds, nematodes, weeds and the like. Allyl isothiocyanate, a main component of the athomin, is a food additive, is safe to human bodies, is easy to decompose in the environment, has little pollution to the environment after being used, does not obviously influence local ecological balance, and is suitable for new requirements of comprehensive control. Therefore, from the aspect of action characteristics, the plant-derived acaricide using the athomin as the main raw material belongs to a new-era acaricide which is high-efficiency, low-toxicity, green and environment-friendly.

The liquid paraffin is a colorless and tasteless mixture obtained from crude oil fractionation, belongs to mineral oil, is commonly used as a processing material of food and commodities, a cosmetic raw material, a coating and dressing material of baking appliances, fruit preservation, laxative, baby skin oil and the like, has the advantages of stable paraffin oil property, no dangerous decomposition products, low sensitivity, high safety, good oil solubility and the like, is similar to and compatible with the material horse radish hormone used in the experiment, and is used as a solvent.

The horseradish dry powder is purchased from the market, and the liquid paraffin is purchased from Sungchen chemical reagent company Limited;

the dust mites (Dermatophagoides farinae) used in the invention are purely cultured in a laboratory constant temperature incubator (the temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity RH is 80 +/-5 percent), and healthy adult dust mites with consistent sizes are picked from the pure culture.

The preparation method of the athomin extract disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps (steam distillation method):

weighing 100g of horse radish dry powder in a conical flask with a plug, adding 150ml of sodium acetate-acetic acid buffer solution with the pH value of 4.0 and 10ml of antioxidant ascorbic acid solution with the pH value of 10mg/ml, keeping the temperature for 2h at 55 ℃ in a water bath, connecting a steam distillation device for distillation, collecting distillate in cold hydrazine (at the temperature of 0 ℃), extracting with diethyl ether, collecting the layered upper diethyl ether extract, dehydrating the extract with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and finally concentrating by using a rotary evaporator to obtain 20ml of horse radish essential oil.

The preparation method of the plant source acaricide specifically comprises the following steps:

according to the volume part ratio, a plurality of milliliters of the athomin extract and the liquid paraffin are respectively measured by a measuring cylinder, and are uniformly mixed to obtain the concentrations of 0.2ml/L, 0.3ml/L, 0.4ml/L, 0.5ml/L and 0.6ml/L (for fumigation); 0.8ml/L, 1.0ml/L, 1.2ml/L, 1.4ml/L, 1.6ml/L (for use in dipping a slide glass) of an athomin plant-derived acaricide,

placing the test tube containing the above raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring at 100rpm for 1.0 h.

The invention also discloses application of the plant source acaricide in killing dust mites, and the plant source acaricide has obvious contact killing and fumigating killing effects and ideal effect.

In order to prove that the invention has good killing activity to dust mites, a plurality of groups of verification experiments are set, and the results are as follows:

the killing experiment of the dust mites is carried out by adopting a fumigation method, the liquid paraffin is used for diluting the concentration of the athomin extract to obtain athomin solutions with the concentrations of 0.2ml/L, 0.3ml/L, 0.4ml/L, 0.5ml/L and 0.6ml/L, the good killing effect on the dust mites is achieved, after 72 hours, the killing effect of the 0.6ml/L athomin solution on the dust mites can reach 100%, and the death rate of the dust mites is continuously improved along with the increase/increase of the concentration/time;

the dust mite killing experiment is carried out by adopting a glass slide dipping method: the liquid paraffin is used for carrying out concentration dilution on the athomin extract to obtain athomin solutions with the concentrations of 0.8ml/L, 1.0ml/L, 1.2ml/L, 1.4ml/L and 1.6ml/L, the athomin solution has good killing effect on the dust mites, after 72 hours, the killing effect of the athomin solution with the concentration of 1.6ml/L on the dust mites can reach 100%, and the death rate of the dust mites is continuously improved along with the increase/increase of the concentration/time;

further, the invention discloses a using method of the plant source acaricide, which comprises the following steps: through inspection, the mite killing bag can be prepared into mite killing bags with different specifications, such as a solid air freshener, 1.5g of agar, 96ml of water and 96ml of surfactant Tween-401.0 ml are taken and heated in a three-neck flask to boil to form clear and transparent liquid, 1ml of formaldehyde with the volume fraction of 37%, 2.0ml of an athomin extract and 0.2ml of a pigment are taken and added when the temperature is cooled to about 60 ℃, the mixture is uniformly stirred, poured into a mold when the mixture is hot, and cooled to obtain a gel product; the mite killing agent is put into a dark and humid home area or a bed bottom and other home areas where mites are easy to grow for mite killing, and can effectively kill house dust mites and control the number of mites.

The method can be used as high-efficiency indoor spraying type acaricide, 1.6ml/L of athomin solution is added into various devices capable of atomizing liquid into tiny droplets, such as an air humidifier or an atomizer, and the specific addition amount is 80% of the volume of the device according to the device. The using method comprises the following specific steps: the indoor dust mite killing agent is continuously used for 2-3 days every week, is sprayed for 2-3 times per square meter and then is ventilated for a period of time, can effectively kill the existing indoor dust mites, reduces the hatching rate of dust mite eggs, effectively controls the number of the indoor dust mites, and can effectively kill more than 95% of the indoor dust mites after being continuously used for one month.

The product is harmless to mammals, and can also be prepared into detergents and additive auxiliary agents: firstly, 6.0ml of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) is dissolved in 60ml of deionized water according to the proportion, after the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) is fully dissolved, surfactant Tween-401.0 ml is added, the mixture is uniformly stirred, 12ml of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES), 3.0ml of horseradish extract, 65012.0 ml and 1.0ml of triethanolamine are added, the mixture is stirred for 5-10 minutes by a stirrer, and then the deionized water is used for supplementing the detergent to 100ml of full volume; the mite and odor removing effect of the corresponding washing product is improved, and 1.6ml/L of the athomin solution is added according to the proportion of 1: 15, the diluted solution can be added into the existing washing product to be used as an auxiliary agent of pet bath products such as cats, dogs and the like to help the pet bath products to sterilize and remove mites in vitro, the concentration is properly increased, and the washing product can also be prepared into other insecticidal and bactericidal products and has extremely high commercial value.

Example 1

Preparation of athomin plant source acaricide (for fumigation):

1) preparing an athomin plant source acaricide with the concentration of 0.2ml/L according to the volume part ratio, respectively measuring 2ml of an athomin extract and 8ml of liquid paraffin by using a graduated cylinder, uniformly mixing, putting a test tube filled with the raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100rpm to prepare an athomin solution with the concentration of 2ml/10 ml;

2) adding 1ml of the athomin solution prepared in the step 1) into 9ml of liquid paraffin, uniformly mixing, putting the test tube filled with the raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100rpm to prepare 2ml/100ml of athomin solution;

3) adding 1ml of the athomin solution prepared in the step 2) into 9ml of liquid paraffin, uniformly mixing, putting the test tube filled with the raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100rpm to obtain 2ml/L of the athomin solution;

4) adding 1ml of the athomin solution prepared in the step 3) into 9ml of liquid paraffin, uniformly mixing, putting the test tube filled with the raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring for 1.0h at the rotating speed of 100rpm to obtain 0.2ml/L of athomin solution;

examples 2, 3, 4 and 5 Horseradish extract and liquid Paraffin were prepared in the same manner as in example 1, and Horseradish solutions were prepared at concentrations of 0.3ml/L, 0.4ml/L, 0.5ml/L and 0.6 ml/L.

Example 6

Preparation of athomin plant source acaricide (for slide dipping method):

1) preparing an athomin plant source acaricide with the concentration of 0.8ml/L according to the volume part ratio, respectively measuring 8ml of a rootmin extract and 2ml of liquid paraffin by using a graduated cylinder, uniformly mixing, putting a test tube filled with the raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100rpm to prepare an athomin solution with the concentration of 8ml/10 ml;

2) adding 1ml of the solution in the step 1) into 9ml of liquid paraffin, uniformly mixing, putting the test tube filled with the raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100rpm to prepare an 8ml/100ml athomin solution;

3) adding 1ml of the solution obtained in the step 2) into 9ml of liquid paraffin, uniformly mixing, putting the test tube filled with the raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100rpm to obtain 8ml/L of the athomin solution;

4) adding 1ml of the solution obtained in step 3) into 9ml of liquid paraffin, uniformly mixing, placing the test tube filled with the raw material mixture into a magnetic stirrer, and stirring for 1.0h at the rotating speed of 100rpm to obtain 0.8ml/L of the athomin solution;

examples 7, 8, 9 and 10 Horseradish extract and liquid Paraffin were prepared in the same manner as in example 6, and prepared to give Horseradish solutions at concentrations of 1.0ml/L, 1.2ml/L, 1.4ml/L and 1.6 ml/L.

EXAMPLE 1 (Fumigation method)

The method comprises the steps of cutting a foam adhesive tape into 2-3 cm long pieces, sticking the cut pieces to one end of a microscope glass slide, selecting mites with consistent sizes, bright body colors and active actions by using a brush pen, sticking the backs of the mites to the foam adhesive tape (not sticking the mites 'feet, mites' whiskers and mouthparts), sticking 3 lines of the mites each piece, and sticking 10 heads of the mites each line. After removing dead or inactive individuals, inserting a sealing film (adhering filter paper, and punching a plurality of horseradish solutions prepared in examples 1-5 with different concentrations on the filter paper as liquid medicines, wherein each 55 mu l of the liquid medicines is respectively) into a sealed conical flask with the adhesive paper facing downwards in an inclined way, placing the conical flask in a constant temperature incubator (the temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, and the relative humidity RH is 80 +/-5%), observing the death condition of the conical flask in 24h, 48h and 72h respectively, observing the conical flask under a dissecting mirror, pricking the conical flask with a needle mite, and enabling the conical flask to die, repeating the experiment for three times at each concentration, and setting 2 groups of liquid paraffin blank controls, namely blank control 1 and blank control 2.

The plant-derived miticides of athomin and liquid paraffin blank controls 1, 2 prepared in the above examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 were tested by fumigation as shown in table 1 below.

TABLE 1 Fumigation acaricide test results

Corrected mortality is the mortality of the drug-treated group corrected for the natural mortality of the placebo group and calculated using Abbott's formula:

corrected mortality (%) — treatment mortality-control mortality)/(1-control mortality) × 100%.

In addition, the result of the fumigation experiment for correcting the death rate is calculated by taking a blank control 1 as a standard;

as can be seen from the data in the table: the athomin solution has good killing activity on the dust mites, the killing activity is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the concentration, and when the fumigation concentration reaches 0.6ml/L, the death rate can reach more than 50 percent after 24 hours of correction; statistical analysis by SPSS software gave 0.55ml/L for LC50 at 24h and 0.28ml/L for LC50 at 48 h. And when the concentration of the athomin solution is the same, the killing activity to the dust mites is increased along with the increase of time, and the corrected death rate of the 0.6ml/L athomin solution to the dust mites can reach 100 percent after 72 hours.

Example 2 (glass sheet dipping method)

The method comprises the steps of cutting a foam adhesive tape into 2-3 cm long pieces, sticking the cut pieces to one end of a microscope glass slide, selecting mites with consistent sizes, bright body colors and active actions by using a brush pen, sticking the backs of the mites to the foam adhesive tape (not sticking the mites 'feet, mites' whiskers and mouthparts), sticking 3 lines of the mites each piece, and sticking 10 heads of the mites each line. Observing with a dissecting mirror, removing dead or inactive individuals, soaking in the solution of the prepared athomin of example 6-example 10 with different concentrations as a liquid medicine for 5s, taking out, gently sucking off floating medicine on the glass slide and the insect body with absorbent paper, placing into a conical flask sealed by a sealing film, placing into a constant temperature incubator (temperature 25 +/-2 ℃, relative humidity RH 80 +/-5%), observing the death condition of the insects in 24h, 48h and 72h respectively, observing under the dissecting mirror, pricking the mites with a needle, and setting 2 groups of liquid paraffin blank controls, namely blank control 3 and blank control 4, wherein the fixed mites are dead.

The plant-derived miticides of athomin and liquid paraffin blank controls 3 and 4 prepared in examples 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 above were tested by the slide immersion method as shown in Table 2 below

TABLE 2 Experimental results of acaricide by glass immersion method

Corrected mortality is the mortality of the drug-treated group corrected for the natural mortality of the placebo group and calculated using Abbott's formula:

corrected mortality (%) — treatment mortality-control mortality)/(1-control mortality) × 100%.

In addition, the mortality correction result of the slide dipping experiment is calculated by taking a blank control 3 as a standard;

as can be seen from the table: the athomin solution has good killing activity on the dust mites, the killing activity is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the concentration, and when the dipping concentration reaches 1.6ml/L, the death rate after 24 hours correction can reach more than 65%. Statistical analysis by SPSS software gave 1.22ml/L for LC50 at 24h and 0.86ml/L for LC50 at 48 h. When the concentration of the athomin solution is the same, the killing activity to the dust mites is increased along with the increase of time, and the corrected death rate of the athomin solution of 1.6ml/L to the dust mites can reach 100 percent after 72 hours.

In conclusion, the athomin serving as a novel plant source acaricide has good killing activity on the dust mites, and the death rate of the dust mites is continuously improved along with the increase of concentration/time. Most plant-derived acaricides have been found to exert lethal effects by interfering with nervous system functions, where AchE and MAO are key enzymes affecting nervous system in vivo. AchE is a serine hydrolase which is mainly present in the gray matter of the central nerve, sympathetic ganglia, etc., and mainly functions to halt the transmission of nerve impulses at cholinergic nerve synapses by rapidly hydrolyzing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, while plant-derived acaricides can inhibit the hydrolysis of acetylcholine to cause death of insects due to overexcitation; the plant-derived acaricide can inhibit MAO through a nervous system, cause accumulation of the ceramide and cause death of mites.