阅读说明：本技术 多流道喷嘴及涡流管 (Multi-runner nozzle and vortex tube ) 是由 唐小毛 唐飞 王明俊 曹鹏飞 曾泽科 何烈 王武斌 龙群仙 唐续军 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多流道喷嘴及涡流管。一种多流道喷嘴,安装于涡流管中且与入口管连通,多流道喷嘴包括有涡流室和至少两流道,流道的出气口通过涡流室连通,流道包括有第一流道和第二流道,第一流道靠近入口管,第二流道远离入口管,第一流道的横截面积大于第二流道的横截面积。采用增大靠近气体入口处流道横截面积的方式,即第一流道的横截面积大于第二流道的横截面积,根据物理学原理,低速流体在经过横截面积增大的管道时其速度会降低,使得第一流道的气体速度下降,进而使从喷嘴的各个流道进入涡流室中气体速度保持一致,有利于涡流体的产生,从而提高涡流管的制冷效率。(The invention discloses a multi-runner nozzle and a vortex tube. A multi-channel nozzle is arranged in a vortex tube and communicated with an inlet tube, and comprises a vortex chamber and at least two channels, wherein air outlets of the channels are communicated through the vortex chamber, the channels comprise a first channel and a second channel, the first channel is close to the inlet tube, the second channel is far away from the inlet tube, and the cross sectional area of the first channel is larger than that of the second channel. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel close to the gas inlet is increased, namely the cross-sectional area of the first flow channel is larger than that of the second flow channel, according to the principle of physics, the speed of low-speed fluid is reduced when the low-speed fluid passes through the pipeline with the increased cross-sectional area, so that the gas speed of the first flow channel is reduced, the gas speed of each flow channel of the nozzle entering the vortex chamber is kept consistent, the generation of vortex fluid is facilitated, and the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube is improved.)

1. The multi-runner nozzle is arranged in the vortex tube and communicated with the inlet tube, the multi-runner nozzle comprises a vortex chamber and at least two runners, and the air outlets of the runners are communicated with each other through the vortex chamber, and the multi-runner nozzle is characterized in that: the flow passage comprises a first flow passage and a second flow passage, the first flow passage is close to the inlet pipe, the second flow passage is far away from the inlet pipe, and the cross sectional area of the first flow passage is larger than that of the second flow passage.

2. The multi-flow channel nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the flow channel is a straight line rectangular flow channel, the cross section of the straight line rectangular flow channel comprises an inner boundary line and an outer boundary line, the cross section of the vortex chamber comprises an inner circumferential line and an outer circumferential line, and the outer boundary line is tangent to the outer circumferential line.

3. The multi-flow channel nozzle of claim 2, wherein: the inner and outer boundary lines are parallel to each other.

4. The multi-flow channel nozzle of claim 3, wherein: in the first flow channel, the linear distance between an inner boundary line and an outer boundary line is a; in the second flow channel, the linear distance between the inner boundary line and the outer boundary line is b; a is more than b.

5. The multi-flow channel nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the flow passage is an arc-shaped flow passage or an Archimedes linear flow passage.

6. The multi-channel nozzle as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein: at least two flow passages are distributed in a circumferential array by taking the center of the vortex chamber as a circle center.

7. A vortex tube, which is characterized by comprising a cold end gland, the multi-channel nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, a hot end tube, a vortex breaker, a connecting tube and a silencer which are communicated in sequence; further comprising an inlet tube in communication with the multi-channel nozzle; compressed air enters from the inlet pipe, is subjected to internal vortex conversion, and then comes out of the cold end gland to form cold air and hot air from the silencer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a multi-channel nozzle and a vortex tube.

Background

The vortex tube is an energy separation device with simple structure, and can separate gas into cold gas flow and hot gas flow under the condition of pressure difference. The vortex tube is mainly applied to the refrigeration field at present, and although the vortex tube has the advantages of simple structure, no moving parts, no maintenance and the like, the use of the vortex tube is limited because the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube is far lower than that of a mainstream vapor compression refrigeration mode in the market at present.

The nozzle is a core component of the vortex tube and is used for introducing gas with certain pressure into the vortex chamber so as to be converted into vortex fluid (rotating gas). The structural form of the vortex tube plays a crucial role in the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube. On one hand, the nozzle is improved from a flow passage line type of the nozzle, the flow passage line type of the nozzle comprises a straight line rectangle, a circular arc type, an Archimedes line type and the like, and the specific structure can be seen in attached figures 1 and 2 of an authorization publication No. CN 102003825B and attached figures 1 and 2 of a publication No. CN 1687673A.

Many data show that the nozzle efficiency of the archimedes linear flow path is highest. However, the nozzle of the archimedes linear flow passage is difficult to process, has high production cost and is not beneficial to industrial mass production.

Secondly, for a nozzle with multiple flow channels, although the gas distribution chamber (a torus between the inlet of the vortex tube and the vortex generation chamber) exists to enable gas to uniformly enter the vortex chamber to a certain extent, the flow channel of the nozzle close to the gas inlet is still close to the physical position, so that the gas velocity during entering is higher than that of the gas far away from the inlet nozzle flow channel, and the generation of vortex bodies is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a multi-channel nozzle and a vortex tube according to the defects of the prior art, and solve the problems of uneven multi-channel gas velocity and high production cost.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the multi-channel nozzle is arranged in the vortex tube and communicated with the inlet tube, the multi-channel nozzle comprises a vortex chamber and at least two channels, the air outlets of the channels are communicated through the vortex chamber, the channels comprise a first channel and a second channel, the first channel is close to the inlet tube, the second channel is far away from the inlet tube, and the cross sectional area of the first channel is larger than that of the second channel.

Further, the flow channel is a straight-line rectangular flow channel, the cross section of the straight-line rectangular flow channel comprises an inner boundary line and an outer boundary line, the cross section of the vortex chamber comprises an inner circumferential line and an outer circumferential line, and the outer boundary line is tangent to the outer circumferential line.

Further, the inner and outer boundary lines are parallel to each other.

Further, in the first flow channel, a straight-line distance between an inner boundary line and an outer boundary line is a; in the second flow channel, the linear distance between the inner boundary line and the outer boundary line is b; a is more than b.

Further, the flow channel is an arc-shaped flow channel or an Archimedes linear flow channel.

Furthermore, at least two flow passages are distributed in a circumferential array by taking the center of the vortex chamber as a circle center.

A vortex tube comprises a cold end gland, the multi-channel nozzle, a hot end tube, a vortex inhibitor, a connecting tube and a silencer which are sequentially communicated; further comprising an inlet tube in communication with the multi-channel nozzle; compressed air enters from the inlet pipe, is subjected to internal vortex conversion, and then comes out of the cold end gland to form cold air and hot air from the silencer.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the cross-sectional area of the flow channel close to the gas inlet is increased, namely the cross-sectional area of the first flow channel is larger than that of the second flow channel, according to the principle of physics, the speed of low-speed fluid is reduced when the low-speed fluid passes through the pipeline with the increased cross-sectional area, so that the gas speed of the first flow channel is reduced, the gas speed of each flow channel of the nozzle entering the vortex chamber is kept consistent, the generation of vortex fluid is facilitated, and the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube is improved.

(2) Under the condition of improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube, the linear rectangular flow channel is adopted, so that the industrial large-scale production is facilitated, the production efficiency is improved, the cost of the vortex tube is reduced, and the market competitiveness of the product is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment multi-channel nozzle.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view a-a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a first embodiment multi-channel nozzle.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a vortex tube of a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-channel nozzle in a vortex tube of a comparative example.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the working conditions of the second embodiment and the comparative example in a simulation experiment.

In the figure, 10-vortex chamber, 20-flow channel, 21-first flow channel, 22-second flow channel, M-inner boundary line, N-outer boundary line, P-inner circumference line, Q-outer circumference line, 1-cold end gland, 2-multi-flow channel nozzle, 3-hot end pipe, 4-vortex inhibitor, 5-connecting pipe, 6-silencer and 7-inlet pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in a first embodiment of the present invention, a multi-channel nozzle is installed in a vortex tube and communicated with an inlet tube, the multi-channel nozzle 2 includes a vortex chamber 10 and six channels 20, and outlets of the channels 20 are communicated through the vortex chamber 10.

The flow passage 20 includes a first flow passage 21 and a second flow passage 22, the first flow passage 21 is close to the inlet pipe, the second flow passage 22 is far from the inlet pipe, and the cross-sectional area of the first flow passage 21 is larger than that of the second flow passage 22. In a first embodiment: the number of the first flow passages 21 is two, the first flow passages are positioned at the top of the multi-flow-passage nozzle 2, the number of the second flow passages 22 is four, and the six flow passages 20 are distributed in a circumferential array by taking the center of the vortex chamber 10 as the center of a circle; the cross-sectional area of the first flow passage 21 is 20% larger than that of the second flow passage 22.

The flow passage 20 is a straight rectangular flow passage 20, the cross section of the straight rectangular flow passage 20 comprises an inner boundary line M and an outer boundary line N, the cross section of the vortex chamber 10 comprises an inner circumferential line P and an outer circumferential line Q, and the outer boundary line N is tangent to the outer circumferential line Q.

The inner boundary line M and the outer boundary line N are parallel to each other. In the first flow channel 21, a linear distance between the inner boundary line M and the outer boundary line N is a; in the second flow channel 22, the straight-line distance between the inner boundary line M and the outer boundary line N is b; a is more than b. In a first embodiment: a = b (1+ 20%).

As shown in fig. 4, a vortex tube according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a cold end gland 1, a multi-channel nozzle 2, a hot end tube 3, a vortex breaker 4, a connecting tube 5, and a silencer 6, which are sequentially connected to each other; the multi-channel nozzle also comprises an inlet pipe 7, wherein the inlet pipe 7 is communicated with the multi-channel nozzle 2; the compressed air enters from the inlet pipe 7, undergoes internal vortex conversion, and comes out of the cold end gland 1 to form cold air and comes out of the silencer 6 to form hot air.

A vortex tube is provided. The comparative example is different from the second example in that: a multi-channel nozzle 2 of a different configuration is used. The multi-channel nozzle 2 used in the comparative example is different from the multi-channel nozzle 2 provided in the first embodiment in that: as shown in fig. 5, the six flow passages 20 of the multi-flow passage nozzle 2 have the same cross-sectional area and the same cross-sectional area as the second flow passage 22 in the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the working conditions of the second embodiment and the comparative example in a simulation experiment. Compressed air in a state of 0.7MPa and 293K is introduced into an inlet of the vortex tube, different pressure values are set at a hot end outlet to simulate the opening degree of a silencer 6 at the hot end outlet, and the refrigeration effects of the second embodiment and the comparative example are compared. And respectively testing six working conditions of 0MPa, 0.025MPa, 0.05MPa, 0.075MPa, 0.1MPa and 0.125MPa of outlet pressure of the hot end, and monitoring the outlet temperature and flow of the cold end and the hot end of the vortex tube. The cold flow rate is the ratio of the cold end outlet gas mass flow to the inlet gas mass flow. It can be seen that under the same cold flow rate, the second embodiment can effectively reduce the cold end outlet gas temperature, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube

It should be noted that, in the multi-channel nozzle provided by the present invention, the flow channel 20 may also be an arc-shaped flow channel or an archimedes linear flow channel, as long as it satisfies that "the flow channel 20 includes the first flow channel 21 and the second flow channel 22, the first flow channel 21 is close to the inlet pipe 7, the second flow channel 22 is far from the inlet pipe 7, and the cross-sectional area of the first flow channel 21 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second flow channel 22", so that the gas velocity in the first flow channel 21 is reduced, and further the gas velocity entering the vortex chamber 10 from each flow channel 20 of the nozzle is kept consistent, which is beneficial to the generation of vortex fluid, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.