阅读说明：本技术 测量装置 (Measuring device ) 是由 竹村祐辉 芳井义治 斋藤正树 于 2020-01-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明的测量装置,能够在较短时间内进行利用了基于拉比振荡的电子自旋量子操控的磁场测量或电场测量,该基于拉比振荡的电子自旋量子操控通过微波照射进行；微波生成部(2)生成用于进行基于拉比振荡的电子自旋量子操控的微波,观测系统(11)使用被照射上述微波的电子自旋共振构件确定被测量场的强度；微波生成部(2)具备发射上述微波的线圈部(2a)和与该线圈部(2a)电气上并联配置的追加静电电容部(2b)；而且,追加静电电容部(2b)相对于线圈部(2a)直接配置,或者,配置在与线圈部(2a)电连接的电气元件和线圈部(2a)之间。(The measuring device of the present invention can perform magnetic field measurement or electric field measurement using electron spin quantum steering based on the ratiometric oscillation performed by microwave irradiation in a short time; a microwave generation unit (2) that generates microwaves for performing electron spin quantum steering based on the Laplacian oscillation, and an observation system (11) that determines the intensity of a field to be measured using an electron spin resonance member to which the microwaves are irradiated; the microwave generation unit (2) comprises a coil unit (2a) for emitting the microwave and an additional electrostatic capacitance unit (2b) arranged electrically in parallel with the coil unit (2 a); the additional electrostatic capacity section (2b) is disposed directly on the coil section (2a), or is disposed between an electric element electrically connected to the coil section (2a) and the coil section (2 a).)

1. A measuring device is characterized in that a measuring device is provided,

the disclosed device is provided with:

a microwave generation unit that generates microwaves for performing electron spin quantum steering based on the Lash ratio oscillation,

an observation system that determines the intensity of a measured field using an electron spin resonance member to which the microwaves are irradiated;

the microwave generating unit includes a coil unit for emitting the microwave and an additional electrostatic capacity unit arranged electrically in parallel with the coil unit;

the additional capacitance unit is disposed directly with respect to the coil unit, or is disposed between an electric element electrically connected to the coil unit and the coil unit.

2. The measuring device of claim 1,

the additional capacitance unit includes a pair of electrode sheets extending from the coil unit.

3. The measuring device of claim 2,

the coil portion and the pair of electrode sheets are formed by molding one conductive plate.

4. The measuring device of claim 1,

the additional capacitance unit includes a capacitance element electrically connected to the coil unit.

5. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

the measuring apparatus further comprises a frequency adjusting unit electrically connected in series to the microwave generating unit,

the frequency adjustment unit adjusts the frequency of the microwave to a desired frequency so as to suppress a frequency variation of the microwave originating from the additional electrostatic capacity unit.

6. The measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

the coil unit emits microwaves by conducting two currents parallel to each other with a predetermined gap therebetween in a state where the coil unit sandwiches the electron spin resonance member or is positioned on one side of the electron spin resonance member.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a measuring device.

Background

In one type of Magnetic measurement apparatus, Magnetic field measurement is performed by Optical Detection Magnetic Resonance (ODMR) using electron spin Resonance (see, for example, patent document 1).

In ODMR, a high-frequency magnetic field (microwave) and light are applied to an electron spin resonance member having a secondary (sub-level) level and an optical transition level, and thereby a change in the occupied number due to magnetic resonance between the secondary levels and the like is detected with high sensitivity using an optical signal.

For example, in Nitrogen and lattice defects (NVC: Nitrogen Vacanty Center) in a diamond structure, in general, ground state electrons emit red light when returning to the ground state after being excited with green light. On the other hand, when a high-frequency magnetic field of about 2.87GHz is applied, the electrons transit from the lowest secondary (ms ═ 0) of the three secondary states to the remaining secondary (ms ±. 1) of the high energy level. When the electrons of the secondary (ms ═ 1) are excited by green light, they return to the secondary (ms ═ 0) in the ground state in a non-radiative state, and therefore, the amount of luminescence decreases.

Further, the secondary level (ms ═ 1) of the high energy level fluctuates due to the Zeeman effect (Zeeman effect) by the magnetic field to be measured and the Stark effect (Stark effect) by the electric field to be measured. Since the amount of fluorescence observed by ODMR decreases at the microwave frequency corresponding to the secondary level (ms ═ 1) after the fluctuation, the intensity of the field to be measured is determined by measuring the distribution of the amount of fluorescence.

[ Prior art documents ]

[ patent document ]

Patent document 1: japanese patent, Japanese laid-open publication No. 2012-110489

Not limited to ODMR, for example, when spin quantum steering is to be performed in a short time using the measurement system as described above, which performs spin quantum steering based on the pull-ratio oscillation by irradiating microwaves (for example, the transition between the sub-levels of the electron spins described above), it is necessary to increase the intensity of microwaves. That is, in order to shorten the time for measuring the magnetic field, it is necessary to increase the intensity of the microwave, but according to the above-described magnetic measuring apparatus, it is difficult to increase the intensity of the microwave. Further, it is difficult to measure the magnetic field or the like in a short time.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain: a measuring device capable of performing magnetic field measurement or electric field measurement using electron spin quantum steering based on a pull-up oscillation by microwave irradiation in a short time.

The measuring device according to the present invention includes: a microwave generation unit that generates microwaves for performing electron spin quantum steering based on the Lash ratio oscillation; and an observation system which determines the intensity of the measured field using the electron spin resonance member irradiated with the microwave. The microwave generating unit includes a coil unit for emitting the microwave and an additional electrostatic capacity unit arranged electrically in parallel with the coil unit. The additional capacitance section is disposed directly with respect to the coil section, or is disposed between an electric element electrically connected to the coil section and the coil section.

(effect of the invention)

According to the present invention, there can be obtained: a measuring device capable of performing magnetic field measurement or electric field measurement using electron spin quantum steering based on the Lathy oscillation by microwave irradiation in a short time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of circuits around the microwave generating unit 2 and the high-frequency power supply 3 in the measuring apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3A is a front view of the microwave generating unit 2 according to the first embodiment, and fig. 3B is a side view of the microwave generating unit 2 according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a development view of the microwave generating section 2 shown in fig. 3A and 3B.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating enhancement of the magnetic induction intensity of microwaves according to an example of the microwave generating unit 2 in the first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a magnetic induction intensity distribution according to an example of the microwave generating unit 2 in the second embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the third embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a diagram (1/2) showing an example of the microwave generating unit 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a diagram (2/2) showing an example of the microwave generating unit 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the fifth embodiment.

(symbol description)

1 electron spin resonance member

2 microwave generating part

2a coil part

2b addition of an electrostatic capacity part

2c electrode slice

2e electrostatic capacity element

11 Observation system

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[ first embodiment ] to provide a toner

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As an example, the measurement device according to the first embodiment measures the intensity of the Magnetic field or the electric field by using an optical detection Magnetic Resonance (optical Detected Magnetic Resonance) method. The measuring apparatus shown in fig. 1 is provided with an electron spin resonance member 1. The electron spin resonance member 1 is arranged in a field to be measured (a magnetic field to be measured or an electric field to be measured). As described later, the electron spin resonance member 1 is subjected to electron spin quantum manipulation (electron spin quantum manipulation) based on the ratiometric oscillation in a predetermined measurement sequence (measurement sequence).

The measurement method of the measured field is not limited to the optical detection magnetic resonance method, and other methods may be used as long as electron spin quantum manipulation based on the ratiometric oscillation is used.

In this embodiment, the electron spin resonance member 1 is a plate material such as a diamond having NVC for optical detection of a magnetic resonance system, and is fixed to the support plate 1 a. The electron spin resonance member 1 for the optical detection magnetic resonance method is not limited to a diamond having NVC, and may be a member having another color center (color center).

The measuring apparatus shown in fig. 1 includes a microwave generating section 2 and a high-frequency power supply 3.

The microwave generator 2 generates microwaves for performing electron spin quantum manipulation based on the ratiometric oscillation on the electron spin resonance member 1.

In the first embodiment, the microwave generator 2 applies a microwave magnetic field to the electron spin resonance member 1. The frequency of the microwave is set according to the type of the electron spin resonance member 1. For example, when the electron spin resonance member 1 is a diamond having NVC, the microwave generating unit 2 applies a microwave magnetic field of about 2.87 GHz. The high-frequency power supply 3 conducts a microwave current (i.e., a current for generating the microwave magnetic field) to the microwave generating unit 2.

The measuring apparatus shown in fig. 1 further includes an irradiation device 4, a light receiving device 5, an arithmetic processing device 6, and the like as an observation system 11. The observation system 11 determines the intensity of the field to be measured using the electron spin resonance member 1 irradiated with the microwave.

The irradiation device 4 irradiates the electron spin resonance member 1 with light (excitation light of a predetermined wavelength and measurement light of a predetermined wavelength). The light receiving device 5 detects fluorescence emitted from the electron spin resonance member 1 when the measurement light is irradiated.

The arithmetic processing device 6 includes, for example, a computer, and operates as various processing units by executing programs by the computer. In this embodiment, the arithmetic processing unit 6 functions as a measurement control unit 6a and a measurement target intensity calculation unit 6 b.

The measurement control unit 6a performs a predetermined measurement sequence on the field to be measured, and in the measurement sequence, controls the high-frequency power source 3 and the irradiation device 4 to determine the amount of fluorescence detected by the light receiving device 5. For example, the irradiation device 4 includes a laser diode or the like as a light source, the light receiving device 5 includes a photodiode or the like as a light receiving element, and the measurement control unit 6a determines the detected light amount based on an output signal of the light receiving device 5 obtained by amplifying an output signal of the light receiving element or the like. In this embodiment, as the above-described predetermined measurement Sequence, a lamb-wave pulse Sequence (ramsepulsesequence), a Spin Echo Sequence (Spin Echo Sequence), or the like can be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

The measurement target intensity calculating unit 6b calculates the intensity of the measurement target field (for example, the amplitude of magnetic flux density) from the detection light amount according to a predetermined calculation formula.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of circuits around the microwave generating unit 2 and the high-frequency power supply 3 in the measuring apparatus shown in fig. 1.

For example, as shown in fig. 2, the high-frequency power supply 3 is electrically connected to the substrate 31 via the transmission line portion 21, and the microwave generating portion 2 is mounted on the substrate 31, whereby the high-frequency power supply 3 conducts a microwave current to the microwave generating portion 2 via the transmission line portion 21 and the substrate 31 (i.e., a wiring pattern on the substrate 31) with respect to the microwave generating portion 2. The microwave generating section 2 is electrically connected in series with a frequency adjusting section 22, an impedance matching section not shown, and the like. The frequency adjustment unit 22, an impedance matching unit not shown, and the like are mounted on the substrate 31. The frequency adjustment unit 22 is, for example, a series LC circuit.

Fig. 3A and 3B are diagrams each showing an example of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment. Fig. 3A is a front view of the microwave generating unit 2 according to the first embodiment, and fig. 3B is a side view of the microwave generating unit 2 according to the first embodiment.

The microwave generating unit 2 includes a substantially circular coil unit 2a that emits microwaves, and an additional electrostatic capacity unit 2b that is arranged electrically in parallel with the coil unit 2 a.

The coil unit 2a emits the microwave by conducting two currents parallel to each other at a predetermined interval in a state where the coil unit is sandwiched between the electron spin resonance member 1 or in a state where the coil unit is positioned on one side of the electron spin resonance member 1. The coil portion 2a may be two linear coils or may be a single plate-shaped coil. Even if the coil portion 2a is a plate-shaped coil, the microwave current flows through the end surface portion of the coil portion 2a by the skin effect (skin effect), and thus two currents are formed.

In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the coil portion 2a is one plate-shaped coil.

In the first embodiment, the microwave generating unit 2 (coil unit 2a) is attached to an end of the substrate 31 as shown by a solid line in fig. 3B. The microwave generating unit 2 (coil unit 2a) may be attached to an end of the substrate 31 as shown by a broken line in fig. 3B.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus shown in fig. 1.

The additional capacitance section 2b is provided to enhance the output of the microwave, and is arranged in parallel with the coil section 2a and adds capacitance to the coil section 2a, as shown in fig. 4. The additional capacitance section 2b is intentionally provided to have a predetermined capacitance instead of the stray capacitance.

Here, the frequency adjusting unit 22 is provided to adjust the frequency of the microwave to a desired frequency, and thereby can suppress a change in the frequency of the microwave originating from the additional electrostatic capacity unit 2 b.

The additional electrostatic capacity section 2b is disposed directly on the coil section 2a, or disposed between an electric element (the frequency adjusting section 22, the impedance matching section, and the like described above) electrically connected to the coil section 2a and the coil section 2 a.

In the first embodiment, the additional electrostatic capacity section 2b is disposed directly (as an integral body or as a separate body connected to each other) with respect to the coil section 2a, and includes a pair of electrode pieces 2c extending from the coil section 2 a. The electrode sheet 2c includes a flat plate portion extending from an end of the coil portion 2a by a predetermined length in a substantially circumferential direction and further bent substantially perpendicularly to the outside of the coil portion 2 a. The capacitance of the additional capacitance section 2b is set in accordance with the gap width and the area of the flat plate section.

Further, as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the microwave generating section 2 includes a pair of connecting leg portions 2d extending from both ends of the coil section 2 a.

Fig. 5 is a development view of the microwave generating section 2 shown in fig. 3A and 3B. For example, as shown in fig. 5, the coil portion 2a and the pair of electrode pads 2c (and the pair of connecting leg portions 2d) are obtained by shaping one conductive plate.

Next, the operation of the measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described.

The measurement control unit 6a performs the following processing in accordance with a predetermined measurement sequence.

(a) First, the electron spin resonance member 1 is irradiated with excitation light of a predetermined wavelength by the irradiation device 4 to form a state of electron spin of the electron spin resonance member 1;

(b) then, a pulse-shaped microwave of a predetermined time (timing) and a predetermined time width is applied to the electron spin resonance member 1 by the microwave generator 2 and the high-frequency power supply 3;

(c) then, the measurement light for projection measurement is irradiated by the irradiation device 4, the fluorescence emitted from the electron spin resonance member 1 is received by the light receiving device 5, the amount of received light (detected light amount) is detected, and the intensity of the field to be measured is calculated by the measurement target intensity calculating unit 6b based on the detected light amount.

In such a measurement sequence, when the microwave generator 2 generates microwaves, the energy W stored in the microwave generator 2 is expressed by the following equation.

W＝Wh+We

Here, Wh is magnetic energy accumulated in the coil part 2a, and is proportional to the inductance L of the coil part 2 a. We is the electric energy stored in the additional capacitance section 2b, and is proportional to the capacitance C of the additional capacitance section 2 b.

Wh and We alternate with each other at substantially 90 degrees phase difference at the same frequency corresponding to the frequency of the microwave, and the intensity of the microwave is higher as W is larger. Therefore, the intensity of the microwave is enhanced by adding the electrostatic capacity section 2 b.

Further, by increasing the intensity of the microwave, the electron spin quantum steering can be performed in a short time, and thus, the time required for magnetic field measurement or electric field measurement is also shortened.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, the microwave generator 2 generates microwaves for performing electron spin quantum steering based on the rabi oscillation. The observation system 11 determines the intensity of the measured field using the electron spin resonance member irradiated with the microwave. The microwave generating unit 2 includes a coil unit 2a for emitting the microwave and an additional electrostatic capacity unit 2b arranged electrically in parallel with the coil unit 2 a. The additional electrostatic capacity section 2b is directly disposed in the coil section 2a, or is disposed between an electric element electrically connected to the coil section 2a and the coil section 2 a.

Thereby, the output of the microwave is enhanced, and therefore, magnetic field measurement or electric field measurement using electron spin quantum steering based on the ratiometric oscillation by microwave irradiation can be performed in a short time.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating enhancement of the magnetic induction intensity of microwaves according to an example of the microwave generating unit 2 in the first embodiment. Shown in fig. 6 are: the radius of the coil portion 2a is 2.0 mm, the width of the coil portion 2a (the width of the planar coil) is 1.5 mm, and the frequency of the microwave is attempted to be close to 2.85GHz by the frequency adjusting portion 22. For example, as shown in fig. 6, the average magnetic induction intensity of the coil part 2a is increased by the additional electrostatic capacity part 2b as compared with the case where the additional electrostatic capacity part 2b is not provided. The normalized average magnetic induction is a value obtained by normalizing the average magnetic induction by reflection loss.

[ second embodiment ] to provide a medicine for treating diabetes

Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the additional capacitive part 2b includes a capacitive element 2e electrically connected to the coil part 2 a. The electrostatic capacity element 2e is, for example, a small chip capacitor, and both terminals of the electrostatic capacity element 2e are electrically and mechanically connected to a pair of terminal pieces 2f extending from an end portion of the coil portion 2a in a substantially circumferential direction.

The other configurations and operations of the measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a magnetic induction intensity distribution according to an example of the microwave generating unit 2 in the second embodiment. Fig. 8 shows the simulation result of the magnetic induction density distribution. As shown in fig. 8, the terminal pieces 2f narrow the gap 2g at the end of the circular coil part 2a, and make the distribution of magnetic induction intensity uniform in the circumferential direction.

[ third embodiment ]

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the coil portion 2a includes two linear coils. In the third embodiment, the additional electrostatic capacity section 2b is provided in common to the two linear coils in the coil section 2a, but the configuration may be such that: the two linear coils in the coil portion 2a are provided with additional electrostatic capacity portions 2b (i.e., two additional electrostatic capacity portions).

The other configurations and operations of the measuring apparatus according to the third embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted. In the third embodiment, the additional electrostatic capacity section 2b may be configured similarly to the second embodiment.

[ fourth embodiment ] A

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, the coil portion 2a is formed as two wiring patterns (metal patterns) 2-1, 2-2 parallel to each other on the front and back surfaces of the substrate 31 having a predetermined thickness. The substrate 31 is provided with a through hole 31a penetrating the center of the coil portion 2 a. When the substrate 31 is a multilayer substrate, the structure may be such that: the coil portion 2a is formed as two wiring patterns (metal patterns) parallel to each other in mutually different layers in the multilayer substrate. In fig. 10, the additional electrostatic capacity section 2b is not shown, but the additional electrostatic capacity section 2b is similarly provided. For example, a capacitive element similar to the capacitive element 2e is mounted on the substrate 31, and is electrically connected to the coil portion 2 a.

The other configurations and operations of the measuring apparatus according to the fourth embodiment are the same as those of the first or second embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

[ fifth embodiment ] A

Fig. 11 and 12 are diagrams each showing an example of the microwave generating section 2 in the measuring apparatus according to the fifth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, a through hole 31a is provided in a substrate 31 having a predetermined thickness, and a coil portion 2a as a plate-like coil is disposed in the through hole 31 a. In the example shown in fig. 11, the through hole 31a is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the coil portion 2a contacts the inner wall of the through hole 31 a. In the example shown in fig. 12, the through hole 31a is formed in a rectangular tube shape, and the coil portion 2a does not contact the inner wall of the through hole 31 a. In fig. 11 and 12, the additional electrostatic capacity portion 2b is not illustrated, but the additional electrostatic capacity portion 2b is similarly provided.

The other configurations and operations of the measuring apparatus according to the fifth embodiment are the same as those of the first or second embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made to the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter and without diminishing its intended advantages, and those changes and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art and therefore should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

For example, in the above embodiment, the capacitive element 2e as the additional capacitive part 2b may be mounted on the substrate 31 (i.e., a wiring pattern of the substrate 31).

In the above embodiment, the measurement target intensity calculating unit 6b determines the magnetic field intensity of the field to be measured as an example, but may determine the electric field intensity of the field to be measured.

(availability in industry)

The invention can be applied, for example, in measuring devices that use optical detection of magnetic resonance.