阅读说明：本技术 一种复合基质的改良方法和应用 (Improvement method and application of composite matrix ) 是由 匡石滋 邵雪花 赖多 肖维强 刘传和 贺涵 于 2020-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及农业种植领域,具体涉及一种复合基质的改良方法和应用,包括以下步骤：S1.将香蕉茎叶和椰糠按照重量比为2：(1～3)混合得到混合物A；S2.在步骤S1得到的混合物A中,加入麦饭石粉混合均匀得到混合物B,其中麦饭石粉加入的质量为香蕉茎叶和椰糠总质量的3％～6％；S3.在步骤S2中,按照每千克混合物A中加入1～1.3L的改良剂溶液得到混合物C,所述改良剂溶液为由浓度为6～8g/L的腐殖酸和浓度为4～6g/L的赤砂糖组成的混合溶液；S4.将混合物B在常温下堆放4～7天。本发明方法的原料低廉,方法简单易于产业化,对环境无污染,并可以有效促进植物的生长。(The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to an improvement method and application of a composite matrix, which comprises the following steps: s1, mixing banana stems and leaves and coconut coir according to a weight ratio of 2: (1-3) mixing to obtain a mixture A; s2, adding medical stone powder into the mixture A obtained in the step S1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B, wherein the mass of the medical stone powder is 3% -6% of the total mass of the banana stems and leaves and the coconut coir; s3, in the step S2, adding 1-1.3L of modifier solution into each kilogram of mixture A to obtain a mixture C, wherein the modifier solution is a mixed solution consisting of humic acid with the concentration of 6-8 g/L and brown granulated sugar with the concentration of 4-6 g/L; and S4, stacking the mixture B for 4-7 days at normal temperature. The method has the advantages of low raw material cost, simple method, easy industrialization, no pollution to the environment and capability of effectively promoting the growth of plants.)

1. A method of modifying a composite substrate, comprising the steps of:

s1, mixing banana stems and leaves and coconut coir according to a weight ratio of 2: (1-3) mixing to obtain a mixture A;

s2, adding medical stone powder into the mixture A obtained in the step S1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B, wherein the mass of the medical stone powder is 3% -6% of the total mass of the banana stems and leaves and the coconut coir;

s3, in the step S2, adding 1-1.3L of modifier solution into each kilogram of mixture A to obtain a mixture C, wherein the modifier solution is a mixed solution consisting of humic acid with the concentration of 6-8 g/L and brown granulated sugar with the concentration of 4-6 g/L;

and S4, stacking the mixture B for 4-7 days at normal temperature.

2. The method for improving the composite matrix according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the banana stem leaves to the coconut coir is 2:3, or 1:1, or 3: 2.

3. The method for improving a composite substrate according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the Maifanitum is 300-350 mesh.

4. The method for improving a composite substrate according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the medical stone powder is 325 mesh.

5. Improved composite matrix obtainable by a method for improving a composite matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The use of the improved composite substrate of claim 5 in seedling raising of flowering cabbage and cultivation of scindapsus aureus.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to an improvement method and application of a composite matrix.

Technical Field

At present, peat is mostly used as a main substrate for vegetable seedling at home and abroad, and due to limited peat resources and large usage amount of industrial seedling substrate, the seedling cost is high, so that various organic wastes such as wormcast, bark, bagasse, reed powder, mushroom residue and straw are used for replacing or partially replacing the peat substrate in domestic and foreign researches. However, most organic matrix materials have not been used in large scale due to limited sources, poor stability of properties, low degree of industrialization, etc. Therefore, the method has important practical significance for the research and development of the organic matrix with excellent performance and low price, and simultaneously provides an effective way for the matrixing utilization of agricultural wastes.

Due to the defects of physical and chemical properties, a single matrix hardly meets various requirements of crop growth, and the composite matrices can complement each other to enable the performance of the matrices to tend to be optimized. Many studies have shown that the agricultural and forestry waste can be used as a good culture medium after being treated. The waste stems and leaves of bananas are used as a special agricultural waste resource and can form an organic fertilizer with higher nutrient content through biological fermentation and stack retting. The banana waste stem leaf compost has good physical and chemical properties due to the fact that the banana waste stem leaf compost contains more nutrient elements, is basically suitable for plant cultivation, and has the problem of higher EC value like other agricultural and forestry wastes; coconut chaff belongs to the by-product of coconut, has better water retention performance and air permeability after processing treatment, and can replace peat for medium cultivation. The coconut chaff has a good gap structure, is water-retaining and air-permeable, and can promote the growth of plant roots, but the nutrients contained in the coconut chaff cannot completely meet the requirements of vegetables on mineral elements. The banana pineapple waste stem and leaf compost and the coconut husk have unique physical and chemical properties respectively, and the mixture of the banana pineapple waste stem and leaf compost and the coconut husk can be used as a seedling culture substrate with low price and good performance. The volume weight and porosity of the composite matrix are equivalent to those of common matrixes (peat and perlite), but the composite matrix contains higher total N (0.9-1.2%), total P (0.17-0.18%) and total K (1.5-2.1%), and the contents of organic matters and quick-acting nutrients are also obviously higher than those of the common matrixes.

However, agricultural and forestry waste composts are used as matrix materials, the problems of high pH value, high EC value and the like exist, the EC value of the coconut coir is increased along with the increase of the decomposition degree and the crushing degree of the coconut coir, a modifier needs to be added into the matrix for regulation and control, most of matrix modification methods at the present stage adopt soil modifiers, the soil modifiers are mostly modified by single chemical agents, the problems of limited continuous effect, secondary pollution, high cost and the like exist, and the methods which can be practically applied are few.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the technical problems of secondary pollution, high cost and the like of a matrix modifier in the prior art, and provides an improvement method and application of a composite matrix.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an improved method of composite matrix comprising the steps of:

s1, mixing banana stems and leaves and coconut coir according to a weight ratio of 2: (1-3) mixing to obtain a mixture A;

s2, adding medical stone powder into the mixture A obtained in the step S1, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture B, wherein the mass of the medical stone powder is 3% -6% of the total mass of the banana stems and leaves and the coconut coir;

s3, in the step S2, adding 1-1.3L of modifier solution into each kilogram of mixture A to obtain a mixture C, wherein the modifier solution is a mixed solution consisting of humic acid with the concentration of 6-8 g/L and brown granulated sugar with the concentration of 4-6 g/L;

and S4, stacking the mixture B for 4-7 days at normal temperature.

In the method for improving the composite matrix, macromolecular substances contained in humic acid are combined with various anions and cations in the matrix to form a salt, so that a system for mutual conversion is formed, the pH value of the matrix is regulated and stabilized, and the acidity of the matrix is buffered to change rapidly.

The humic acid substance can regulate the performances of ventilation, permeation, water retention, micro-nutrition transmission and the like of the matrix in the composite matrix to further promote the growth of plants, can directly provide beneficial nutrient substances for the growth of plants, and generates various biochemical effects to promote the growth of plants.

The medical stone has good dissolution performance and can dissolve Mg²⁺、Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺The medical stone also has the function of adjusting the pH value in two directions and has good promotion effect on the growth of plants.

The medical stone can maintain the nutrition balance of the matrix and prevent the nutrient elements from being washed out along with irrigation.

Maifanitum has effects of promoting activity of microorganism in matrix and accelerating degradation of organic substances.

The brown granulated sugar has multiple trace elements necessary for plant growth, and can effectively increase plant yield, enhance plant disease resistance, and regulate trace nutrient content in the substrate

Preferably, the weight ratio of the banana stem leaves to the coconut coir is 2:3, or 1:1, or 3: 2.

Preferably, in the step S2, the medical stone powder is 300 to 350 mesh.

Preferably, in step S2, the medical stone powder is 325 mesh.

The improved composite matrix obtained by the composite matrix improvement method.

The improved composite substrate is applied to seedling raising of cabbage heart and cultivation of scindapsus aureus.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

1) the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the cost is low. The modifier material of the invention is humic acid, medical stone powder, brown granulated sugar and the like, the use amount is small, and the cost is low.

2) The operation is simple and the use is convenient. The medical stone powder is added when the substrates are mixed, and the humic acid and brown granulated sugar are prepared into solution and also added when the substrates are mixed, so that the production equipment does not need to be additionally added, and the industrialization is easy.

3) Good stability and long-acting property. The product of the invention has stable physicochemical property, and can promote the growth and development of crops to a certain extent by being added into the substrate.

4) And is environment-friendly, safe and environment-friendly. The material used in the invention has no secondary pollution, is environment-friendly, safe and environment-friendly, and accords with the direction of sustainable development of agriculture.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, the devices used in this example are all conventional experimental devices, the materials and reagents used are commercially available, and the experimental method without specific description is also a conventional experimental method.