阅读说明：本技术 一种用于团水虱防控的诱捕消杀方法 (Trapping, killing and killing method for preventing and controlling water lice ) 是由 杨玉楠 王瑶 钟才荣 于 2020-05-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于生态保护技术领域,具体涉及一种团水虱防控的诱捕消杀方法。本发明防控团水虱的诱捕消杀方法包括：包括：将塑料泡沫,含水率为40-45％的死亡红树气生根、树干,含水率为72-75％的废麻绳等作为诱捕团水虱的物料基质,在团水虱繁殖的高峰期投放至红树林团水虱爆发区,在投放5-40天后收集物料基质,干燥后回用或焚烧,以达到诱捕消杀团水虱的目的。本发明诱捕消杀方法简单实用,可有效降低团水虱个体密度,而且还具有长期持续性、无污染的控制效果,防止团水虱对红树的进一步侵害以及重复危害,可以快速减缓和控制红树林退化进程,保护及恢复红树林资源。(The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological protection, and particularly relates to a method for trapping, killing and killing water lice. The trapping, killing and killing method for preventing and controlling the water lice comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking plastic foam, dead aerial roots and trunks of mangroves with the water content of 40-45%, waste hemp ropes with the water content of 72-75% and the like as material matrixes for trapping water lice, putting the material matrixes into a water lice explosion area of the mangrove forest in the peak period of reproduction of the water lice, collecting the material matrixes after 5-40 days of putting, drying and recycling or burning the material matrixes, and achieving the purpose of trapping, killing and killing the water lice. The trapping and killing method is simple and practical, can effectively reduce the individual density of the water lice clusters, has long-term persistence and pollution-free control effect, prevents the water lice clusters from further damaging and repeatedly damaging the mangrove, can quickly slow down and control the degradation process of the mangrove forest, and protects and recovers mangrove forest resources.)

1. A trapping and killing method for controlling water lice, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: measuring water content and density of different materials

Determining that the water lice trapping matrix as the water lice trapping matrix is not affected by moisture by measuring the water content and the density of different materialsThe size of the tide flushing and provides data for the follow-up judgment of the material matrix trapping and killing efficiency. After screening, drying and weighing, sawing a section of the anoectochilus formosanus, the Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, the cuspid anoectochilus and the horned fruit wood from the red canariosis (Rhizophora stylosa), the crassipes falcatus (Bruguiera sexangular), the Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Bruguiera gymnifera), the avicenia marina (Avicenia marina), the cuspid anoectochilus (Bruguiera sexangula var. rhynchophylla), the horned fruit wood (Ceriopsis tagal) and the waste wood section (without defects such as bark inclusion, scar, decay, worm damage and the like), and generally cutting the section of the waste wood at a distance of 250-300 mm from the end of the saw; cutting non-wood material such as hemp rope into pieces with volume of 78.5 + -0.1 cm³A cylindrical body of (a); cutting the foamed plastic into pieces with side length of 78.5 +/-0.1 cm³Cube (1), marked as G_o. Taking 4 parts of different materials except the light foam plastic which is not suitable for absorbing water, immersing the materials in water, taking out two parallel samples every 8 hours, quickly absorbing the water on the surface of the wood by using filter paper, weighing, and recording the weight as G. And calculating the water content.

W＝(G-G_o)/G×100％

Step two: screening different materials for trapping the water lice, which comprises the following specific steps:

(1) cutting three dead and healthy trunks of radix tinosporae, Nelumbo nucifera, Aricennia marina and mangrove and waste hemp rope into 4 parts of cylinders each with a volume of 78.5 + -0.1 cm³. And determining the soaking time according to the result obtained in the step one to enable the water content to reach relative saturation. Cutting the dry foam into 4 cubes with the same volume;

(2) and (2) weighing the samples in the step (1), placing the weighed samples in 1000ml beakers (foam plastics are fixed at the bottoms of the beakers by weight covers or iron wires), and placing 20 water planthoppers (adult water planthoppers with holes and having the hole-boring capacity have the length range of 7-10 mm female, 6.5-8.5 mm male and 10 female and male respectively). The mouth of the beaker is covered with a cotton net and fixed well by a rubber band (the mesh of the cotton net is smaller than the size of the water lice).

(3) The beaker is placed in the shade, seawater rich in plankton in the climax period is injected under the condition of 25-35 ℃, the seawater is immersed in the materials, no food is fed during the period, the water temperature and the salinity are not controlled, and the experimental condition is close to the natural habitat to the maximum extent. Simultaneously simulating tidal change, soaking for 15-16 hours, and pouring out water through a cotton net; after the water-free state is kept for 8-9 hours, fresh seawater is injected again.

(4) Taking out the materials every 5 days, wiping off the surface moisture, and weighing and recording. The trapping and killing effects of different materials as the matrix on the water lice are judged by taking the relative values of the number of the wormholes and the weight reduction of the material matrix as indexes, and the experiment is carried out for 40 days in total.

(5) The specific method for judging the trapping effect of the sphaerocephalus comprises the following steps:

wherein:-average mass of the material after drying before and after dosing, g;

is the average volume of the dried material in cm³；

The larger the P is, the material matrix is put in, and the trapping of the water lice is more facilitated.

Step three: the method for trapping the water lice on the water fleas by using different material matrixes comprises the following specific steps of:

(1) screening waste wood materials of withered mangrove trunks, wherein the diameter of the waste wood materials is 25-80mm, and the length of the waste wood materials is 10-100 cm; the diameter of the non-wood hemp rope is 25-50mm, and the length is 40-200 cm; foam plastic with a volume of 64 +/-5 dm³。

(2) Soaking until the relative water content of the wood reaches 40-45% and the relative water content of the hemp rope reaches 72-75%. Selecting the breeding peak period of the water lice, specifically 5 in the middle of the month to 6 in the low month and 9 in the middle of the month to 10 in the middle of the month, and putting the material substrate to areas where the water lice are frequently grown, such as a sluice gate area, a estuary intertidal zone, a semi-salt water marsh mangrove forest area and the like of the sea ditches into the mangrove.

(3) The volume of the repairing area is 64 +/-5 dm per square meter³The four corners of the mangrove tree are fixed on the trunk of the mangrove tree or bound on waste masonry by a string bag in order to avoid being washed away by tide in the using process of the foam plastic 1; the putting volume per square meter is 490.6-502.4 cm³The quantity of the waste wood and the trunk of the withered mangrove is 8-10 sections; the throwing volume per square meter is 785.0-981.3 cm³4-5 waste hemp ropes. The density of the wood in the state of saturated water content is respectively 0.83g/cm of the avicennia marina through measurement and calculation³0.75g/cm of sea lotus³0.85g/cm of radix tinosporae³Each volume range is 490.6-502.4 cm³The weight of the trunk of the dead mangrove is 407.2g to 417.0g of avicennia marina, 368.0g to 376.8g of lotus, 417.0g to 427.0g of radix tinosporae. Density of the hemp rope in a saturated water content state: 1.29g/cm³The volume of each square meter of the fertilizer is 785.0-981.3 cm³The weight of the waste hemp rope is 1.01 kg-1.27 kg. In order to ensure that the material matrix is not washed away by tides, the trunk of the tree can be tied into a ladder shape by using firm plastic ropes.

Step four: the method for treating the material matrix after the water lice are trapped comprises the following specific steps:

(1) collecting the material matrix after 5-40 days from one day after feeding.

(2) And (3) solarizing the collected bait in outdoor sunlight of a dry cement ground or brick ground in a designated area, or baking the bait in an oven at 103 +/-2 ℃ for 10-12 h.

(3) The number of holes to be chiseled by the water louse is less than 0.1/cm²The dried foam plastic, the trunks and the hemp ropes of the mangroves of different types are used for trapping the water lice in the next period again, or the trunks and the hemp ropes are burnt thoroughly by an incinerator, and the foam plastic is dried and then pyrolyzed under the condition that the foam plastic can not be recycled.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2):

the death time of mangrove plants died by the material trapping matrix of the water planthopper is preferably more than 1 year; more preferably more than two years of death, optionally more than half a year of death.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2):

the water lice trapping material matrix (non-mangrove plant) is preferably prepared by soaking waste hemp ropes to water content of 72-75%, and P0.28 g/cm³(ii) a More preferably, the plastic foam has the hole chiseling speed more than 2 times of that of the other material matrixes; alternatively, wood waste.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2):

the water lice trapping material matrix (mangrove plant) is preferably prepared by soaking sea lettuce to water content of 40%, P0.15 g/cm³Soaking the avicennia marina to the water content of 40 percent and the P is 0.13g/cm³(ii) a Soaking radix tinosporae until water content is 45% and P is 0.21g/cm³(ii) a Alternatively, other dead mangrove plants.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3):

the putting time of the trapping material matrix is preferably selected from the reproduction peak period of the water lice, specifically, 5 middle ten days to 6 months low and 9 early months to 10 middle ten days; more preferably, from 5 months 20 days to 6 months 30 days and from 9 months 1 days to 10 months 10 days; optionally, a non-peak period of the water lice reproduction.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3):

the water lice are frequently found in the areas of gates, estuary intertidal zones and brackish water marsh mangrove forest of the sea ditches entering the mangrove forest; preferably, the area of the sewage discharge opening for shrimp pond culture at the periphery of the mangrove forest protection area.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3):

drying the bait after trapping; preferably in the open air of dry cement or brick grounds in designated areas; more preferably, the material matrix is aired until the surface of the material matrix is dried and then is dried in an oven at 103 +/-2 ℃ for 10-12 h.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3):

it is preferable that the number of holes to be gouged by the water lice is less than 0.1/cm²The dried foam plastic, the trunks of mangroves of different types and hemp ropes are used for trapping the water lice in the next cycle again; more preferably, the tree trunk and hemp rope are completely burnt by an incinerator, and the foamed plastic is dried and then pyrolyzed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological protection, and particularly relates to a trapping and killing method for preventing and controlling water lice

Background

Mangrove (Mangroves) have flood prevention, wave prevention, storm prevention, function of the revetment, it is the green barrier of the irreplaceable coast; the mangrove forest has unique ecological, social and economic benefits in the aspects of maintaining the carbon-oxygen balance of the atmosphere, purifying the air and water body environment, greening, beautifying, science popularization education and the like, and related researches of united nations show that the mangrove forest can generate high economic value of $ 3000 to $ 9000 per hectare every year.

The water louse (Sphaeroma spp.) is a crustacean of the order of Pectinatus of the family Povidae, commonly called as a tidal bug, and is mostly distributed in the ocean, river mouths and salt and fresh water junction areas of tropical and subtropical zones. The water lice are one of the components of the ecological system of the global tropical and subtropical coastal wetlands, the drilling process plays an important role in the food chain of the mangrove forest, and can provide food debris for other organisms, and the waste holes can provide habitats for other organisms so that the mangrove forest becomes a unique habitat. In China mangrove ecosystem, there are 2854 animal and plant flora. When the number of lives and outbreaks of insects and isopoda animals exceeds ecological thresholds, they become pests that damage the health of mangrove plants and ultimately lead to mangrove death. Thus, outbreaks of isopoda animals can destroy the buffering capacity of mangrove forest ecosystems.

In the past 15a, 7 regions of different species of pests infest different kinds of mangrove plants in China in different seasons, the frequency and area of pest outbreaks increase year by year, and the causes of these diseases are mainly due to deterioration of coastal environments. Xudi et al (2014) research the degeneration and death of mangrove forest in east village harbor in Hainan island, and find that the main reason of the degeneration of the mangrove forest in Hainan island is the outbreak of the water lice, and the damaged positions are mainly distributed at the positions of 0-30 cm, particularly 10-20 cm, of the root of the mangrove pillar from the ground; the number density of the water lice is 2.94/cm²The area of borehole failure accounted for 23.93% of the total area (Xudi, Liaobao, Zhuninghua, et al., Hainan Zihong forest degradation cause first-exploration. ecology science 2014, 33 (2): 294-300.). Van-Navonic et al (2014) also reported two diamondoid water lice, poromeric water lice (Sphaeroma terebans) and photodorsalic water lice (Sphaeromareteolaeve), which destroy mangroves in the Hainan and Guangxi provinces, respectively. The damage area of the Hongshan Dongzhai hongkong mangrove forest is continuously increased by 66.4 percent from 2010 to 2013 on average per year, and the area of the protection area of the Hongshan Dongzhai hongkong mangrove forest in 2013 is 2065 hm²Wherein the damage area of mangrove cluster water lice reaches 33.3hm²Death area of 5.39hm²In total, 11.4 thousands of mangroves disappear (Fangboat Qing, Liu Wen ai, Cai Yuan, etc. the analysis and research on the damage of the water lice caused by wood eating groups in the Chinese mangrove forest, Guangxi science, 2014, 21(2): 140-. The area of mangrove forest suffering from damage of water louse with cluster of pores in the Meristotheca koreana in the North China of Guangxi is 1hm²Death area 0.27hm²352 mangrove died; the mangrove area of the silver beach of the North sea which is damaged by the cluster water lice is 1.33hm²Death area of 0.23hm²The strain mangrove 329 died.

The water lice are distributed in a wide range, from africa to southeast asia, australia, and from south america to mediterranean. The existing research shows that the distribution of the closed water lice can be influenced by diffusion obstruction, predation pressure, competitive pressure and physiological tolerance, and in addition, the distribution and outbreak of the water lice can be influenced by eutrophication indexes such as seawater salinity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids, nitrogen and phosphorus and the like and abiotic environments such as water flow and the like. Water lice clumps are highly susceptible to survival in wooden materials, including stakes, fenders, partitions, hulls and other panels, and may even be present in non-wooden materials such as ropes, carpets, soft rock, salt water shoals and foams (THEIL m. Whereas in estuary intertidal zones and brackish water marshes, water lice cluster prefer to drill holes in the aerial roots of the Mangrove plant (SVAVARSSON J. Does the Wood-Borer sphaeromas terebrans (Crustacea) Shape the distribution of the Mangrove Rhizophora mura. Ambio,2002,31(7/8): 574) 579.). At present, 4 kinds of water lice are recorded in China, namely, the water lice with pores, the water lice with wacker, the water lice with three mouths and the water lice with smooth backs. Among these 4 water lice, the porous ones are recognized as being the most common and destructive crustaceans of the order of moth, etc. in the regions of salty tropical waters, and have caused severe damage to mangrove and other trees; another water lice on the back of the photophores are also a significant cause of mangrove forest damage.

The reproduction of the water planthoppers belongs to sexual reproduction, the reproduction process occurs in wood holes, and mating, oviposition and larva growth are completed in the holes. Since oviposition of female clitocystis aquatica occurs throughout the year, clitocystis aquatica can be continuously bred, but the breeding peak is generally in autumn and in late summer (Thiel M. reproduction biology of a wood-spring isopod, Sphaeroma terebans, with extended partial care MarineBiology,1999,135(2): 321-. The porocoeous water lice are early in sexual maturity, and one month old individuals can breed offspring. The second oviposition usually takes place 3-8 months or more after the first oviposition, and the female clitocybe maxima usually die after the second oviposition. Adults with porous water lice can help the larvae to avoid being preyed, and the physical environment of the cave is also beneficial to the survival of the larvae. Female water lice are expected to grow in the hole, block the entry with its tail, control water flow with the abdominal limb and fill the hole with oxygen and provide food. Therefore, the protective action of the female collective water lice is crucial for the survival of offspring, helping the larval collective water lice to overcome the harsh environment of the intertidal zone. Due to better parental nurturing behavior, the water lice cohort larvae mortality is lower. The water lice gather in wood or other materials to drill cylindrical holes which are vertical to the surface of the material, have the diameter of 8-10 mm and the depth of 20-40 mm. The size of the cavity depends on the size of the body type of the water lice. In trees or mangrove roots with high water lice concentration, the holes are sometimes adjacent, but are usually separated from each other. Some water lice in the foramen cluster turn over back and forth like a rake through a switch of a lower jaw bone, a head part and two chest knots, and form airflow to blow away sawdust and some air bubbles through the up-and-down fanning of the abdomen and the abdominal limbs. The wood drilling activities of the water lice consist mainly of digging, ventilating, cleaning and filtering out the wood chips (RICE S a, JOHNSON B R, Estevez ed.wood-binding margin and estiarine animals in florida.extension Bulletin, 1990.).

At present, the global prevention and control method for the water lice mainly comprises source control, physical prevention and control, chemical prevention and control, biological prevention and control and the like, but all the methods have certain disadvantages, and the prevention and control method which can be fast, effective and pollution-free and environment-friendly is rarely reported at present.

In summary, based on a great deal of literature research and practical investigation, in combination with biological characteristics such as life habit, life cycle and living environment of the water lice, the invention proposes that during the outbreak period of the water lice, the naturally withered sea lotus (bruuiera sexaria), Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (bruuiera gymnorhiza), red sea olive (Rhizophora stylosa), avicennia marina (Avicenniamarina), cuspate sea lotus (bruuiera sexaria var. rhynchophylla) and hornet (ceriopsis tagal) are taken as carriers for trapping and killing the water lice, and the red tree trunks, foamed plastics, waste wood materials and non-wood materials such as hemp ropes are thrown to a water lice multiple-emitting place in autumn and early summer of the propagation peak of the water lice, and at the designated collection time, the thrown wood materials are collected and dried and then recycled or destroyed to achieve rapid and thorough water lice killing.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the method for trapping, killing and killing the collective water lice is simple and practical, can effectively reduce the individual density of the collective water lice, has a long-term continuous control effect, can utilize waste wood and dead mangrove trees in a resource mode, and prevents and controls the invasion and repeated damage of the collective water lice in a natural and environment-friendly mode.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

collecting and screening aerial roots and trunks of different types of mangroves which naturally die and are not damaged by worms, taking healthy and naturally die different types of cannella (Bruguiera seguinula), Canarium album (Rhizophorastylosa), Aviceniamarina (Aviceniamarina), Canarium album (Bruguiera gymnifera), Nelumbo nucifera (Bruguiera seguinula var. hynchnophylla) and Ceriporia laevis (Ceripops tagal) and the like which have the same weight, and respectively soaking non-woody materials such as hemp ropes and other material matrixes until the water content is relatively saturated. The purpose is to prevent the dry materials from being washed away by tide; secondly, the material substrate is softer and is easier to be selected by the water louse; the foam plastics (needing to be bound on the roots of mangroves or heavy objects such as waste stones and waste floor tiles) are placed on a place where the water lice are frequently generated at the appointed putting time; and collecting the thrown wood, hemp rope foamed plastic and the like in the appointed collecting time, drying and recycling or uniformly burning.

The collection and screeningThe tree is waste wood, and the trunk parts of the red sea olive, the avicennia marina, the crassipes cauliflower, the cuspid crassipes, the bruguiera gymnorrhiza, the hornberry and the like which are naturally withered for more than 1 year; the diameter of the selected waste wood is 25-80mm, and the length is 10-100 cm; the diameter of the non-wood hemp rope is 25-50mm, and the length is 40-200 cm; foam plastic with a volume of 64 +/-5 dm³。

The volumes are the same, and the putting volume per square meter is 490.6-502.4 cm according to the repair area³The quantity of the waste wood and the trunk of the withered mangrove is 8-10 sections; the feeding volume per square meter is 785.0-981.3 cm³4-5 waste hemp ropes. The density of the wood in the state of saturated water content is respectively 0.83g/cm of the avicennia marina through measurement and calculation³0.75g/cm of sea lotus³0.85g/cm of radix tinosporae³Each volume range is 490.6-502.4 cm³The weight of the trunk of the dead mangrove is 407.2g to 417.0g of avicennia marina, 368.0g to 376.8g of lotus, 417.0g to 427.0g of radix tinosporae. Density of the hemp rope in a saturated water content state: 1.29g/cm³The volume of each square meter of the fertilizer is 785.0-981.3 cm³The weight of the waste hemp rope is 1.01 kg-1.27 kg. In order to ensure that the material matrix is not washed away by tides, the trunk of the tree can be tied into a ladder shape by using firm plastic ropes.

In the soaking step, the relative water content of the dead mangrove reaches 40-45%, and the relative water content of the hemp rope reaches 72-75%.

The plastic foam is put in the device, and the putting volume per square meter is 64 +/-5 dm according to the repairing area³In order to avoid being washed away by tide in the using process, the four corners of the foam plastic 1 can be fixed on the trunk of the mangrove or bound on waste masonry by a net bag.

The putting time is the reproduction peak period of the water planthoppers, specifically, 20-6-30 days in 5 months and 1-10-30 days in 9 months.

The water lice growing areas are the areas of gates, estuary intertidal zones and brackish water marsh mangrove forest of the sea ditches entering the mangrove forest.

The sea ditch is a ditch for discharging sewage of a shrimp pond culture, a salt-water duck culture and a tilapia culture pond at the periphery of a mangrove forest protected area into the sea.

The collecting time is 5-40 days after the feeding.

The drying is carried out by exposing the dried cement or brick ground in the designated area to the outdoor sunlight or baking the cement or brick ground in an oven at 103 +/-2 ℃ for 10-12 h.

The recycling is determined according to the situation that the water lice trapping material substrate is gouged and corroded by the water lice, if the number of holes gouged and corroded by the water lice is less than 0.1/cm²And the water lice and the worm eggs thereof can die after leaving water for a long time after being dried, so that the material matrix can be recycled under the condition.

The incineration is to completely incinerate different water lice trapping material matrixes damaged by water lice gouging by using an incinerator or a pyrolysis furnace.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the dead mangrove and healthy mangrove used in the experiment (upper: dead; lower: healthy).

FIG. 2 shows the results of soaking time-relative moisture content of different withered mangrove woods.

FIG. 3 shows the relative moisture content results of different healthy mangrove wood soaking times.

FIG. 4 shows the result of the water lice trapping experiment on the material substrate of a healthy mangrove.

FIG. 5 shows the result of the water lice trapping experiment on the material substrate of the dead mangrove.

FIG. 6 shows the results of a water lice trapping experiment with hemp rope and foam material substrates.

FIG. 7 shows tables 1 to 4 (Table 1 shows the trapping results of brown lice in healthy mangrove base materials, Table 2 shows the mass and average volume values of different dead mangrove base materials before and after being gouged by brown lice, Table 3 shows the density values of different dead mangrove base materials before and after being gouged by brown lice, and Table 4 shows the trapping results of brown lice in different base materials.)

Detailed Description

1. The specific scheme for judging the relative water content, the density and the water lice trapping, killing and killing effects in the soaking process comprises the following steps:

1) method for measuring water content and density of different mangrove plants

The water content and the density of different materials are measured to determine the size of the water lice trapping matrix which is not washed away by tide, and data are provided for the follow-up judgment of the trapping and killing efficiency of the material matrix. After screening, drying and weighing, sawing a section of the anoectochilus formosanus, the Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, the cuspid anoectochilus and the horned fruit wood, wherein the section of the anoectochilus formosanus, the Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, the crassipes falcatus (Bruguiera sexualula), the Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza), the avicenia marina (avicenia marina), the cuspid anoectochilus (Bruguiera sexangula var. rhynchophylla), the horned fruit wood (Ceriopsis tagal) and the waste wood section (without defects of bark inclusion, scar, decay, worm damage and the like), and generally cutting the section of the waste wood at a position 250-300 mm away from the end of the saw material; cutting non-wood material such as hemp rope into pieces with volume of 78.5 + -0.1 cm³A cylindrical body of (a); cutting the foamed plastic into pieces with side length of 78.5 +/-0.1 cm³Cube (1), marked as G_o. Taking 4 parts of different materials except the light foam plastic which is not suitable for absorbing water, immersing the materials in water, taking out two parallel samples every 8 hours, quickly absorbing the water on the surface of the wood by using filter paper, weighing, and recording the weight as G. And calculating the water content.

W＝(G-G_o)/G×100％

2) Screening method of different material matrixes for trapping sphaerocephalus

(1) Cutting three dead and healthy trunks of radix tinosporae, Nelumbo nucifera, Aricennia marina and mangrove and waste hemp rope into 4 parts of cylinders each with a volume of 78.5 + -0.1 cm³. And (5) determining the soaking time according to the result obtained in the step one so as to enable the water content to reach relative saturation. Cutting the dry foam into 4 cubes with the same volume;

(2) and (2) weighing the samples in the step (1), placing the weighed samples in 1000ml beakers (foam plastics are fixed at the bottoms of the beakers by weight covers or iron wires), and placing 20 water planthoppers (adult water planthoppers with holes and having the hole-boring capacity have the length range of 7-10 mm female, 6.5-8.5 mm male and 10 female and male respectively). The mouth of the beaker is covered with a cotton net and fixed well by a rubber band (the mesh of the cotton net is smaller than the size of the water lice).

(3) The beaker is placed in the shade, seawater rich in plankton in the climax period is injected under the condition of 25-35 ℃, the seawater is immersed in the materials, no food is fed during the period, the water temperature and the salinity are not controlled, and the experimental condition is close to the natural habitat to the maximum extent. Simultaneously simulating tidal change, soaking for 15-16 hours, and pouring out water through a cotton net; after the water-free state is kept for 8-9 hours, fresh seawater is injected again.

(4) Taking out the materials every 5 days, wiping off the surface moisture, and weighing and recording. The trapping and killing effects of different materials as the matrix on the water lice are judged by taking the relative values of the number of the wormholes and the weight reduction of the material matrix as indexes, and the experiments are carried out for 40 days in total.

(5) The specific method for judging the trapping effect of the sphaerocephalus comprises the following steps:

wherein:-average mass of the material after drying before and after dosing, g;

is the average volume of the dried material in cm³；

The larger the P is, the material matrix is put in, and the trapping of the water lice is more facilitated.

3) Method for evaluating trapping effect of water lice in water beetles with different material matrixes

In the ecological investigation process, after Wilson typhoon lands in Hainan in 2014, mangrove plants in a large number of clustered water lice outbreak areas are caused to lodging, and investigation finds that the trunks of dead mangroves which are not invaded by clustered water lice are quickly gouged and corroded by clustered water lice to become new habitats of clustered water lice. While literature research has also found that many materials can become habitats for water lice, such as wooden materials including stumps, fenders, partitions, boat hulls, and other panels, can even be present in non-wooden materials such as ropes, carpets, soft rock, salt marsh shoals, and foams. Therefore, the patent researches a trapping and killing method for preventing and controlling the water lice. Including determining the type of material, mangrove type, mode of application and feasibility of handling and recycling of the trapped material suitable for water lice trapping.

(1) Different mangrove plant water content and density

If the trunk of the mangrove is selected as the trapping material matrix, the material matrix needs to be soaked firstly. The reasons include: firstly, the dry materials are not fixed and can be washed away by tide; secondly, the soft materials are easier to be selected by the water louse. The experimental selection of trunks of mangroves that died for more than one year and healthy trunks are shown in figure 1.

The time when the relative water content of different material matrixes reaches saturation is the basis for determining the soaking time of the material matrixes, and the soaking time-relative water content results of different withered mangroves and healthy mangrove woods are shown in figures 2 and 3. This research is once surveyed relative moisture content every 8h and is got the relative moisture content of average value and obtain different timber, and the result shows, and all woods are along with the increase of soaking time, and relative moisture content presents the trend of progressively rising to finally tend to stably, and the stability time of different timber relative moisture content is then different, and the concrete analysis result is: the relative water content of the withered and dead red trunks is larger than that of the healthy mangroves, the water content of the withered and dead mangroves can reach balance after about 1 day of soaking, and the relative water content is 40-45%. The healthy dried mangrove wood needs longer soaking time, about 4-5 days, and the final result of the relative water content is (13 plus or minus 1)% to (30 plus or minus 1)% respectively. The relative water content of the healthy mangrove with the same volume is as follows in sequence: red sea olive, white bonsai, lotus, black olive, lotus cuspidata and hornberry. The water content of the waste hemp rope can reach balance after being soaked for about 1 hour, and the relative water content is 72-75 percent. The average death time of the withered mangrove adopted in the method is more than 1 year, because the withered mangrove can wither due to dehydration plant cells for a long time, the density of materials is reduced, and the water absorption rate is increased compared with the healthy mangrove. Therefore, when the withered mangrove is used as the water lice trapping matrix, the material matrix needs to be soaked for more than 1 day before being thrown into the water lice outbreak ground, and the waste hemp ropes can be thrown into the water lice outbreak ground after being soaked for more than 1 hour.

(2) Conclusion analysis of water lice trapping effect of different material matrixes

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the three mangroves with the highest relative water content of the healthy mangroves with the same volume are the Terminalia glauca, the Avicennia marina and the Nelumbo nucifera, the softness of the material matrix determines the easy gouging and erodibility of the water lice, and generally, the plants with higher water content are more easily gouged and eroded by the water lice. Therefore, the three healthy and withered mangrove plants are selected and the experimental study of the trapping of the water lice is carried out. The trapping experiment results of the healthy mangrove material matrix are shown in table 1 and fig. 4, and it can be known from table 1 that the moisture content of healthy mangrove plants is low, and the healthy mangrove material matrix is not easy to gouge and corrode due to the hard mass of water lice. Furthermore, as can be seen from fig. 4, since healthy mangrove secretes tannic acid but seawater rapidly turns red, tannic acid itself is the secretion of mangrove for self-protection against pest damage, and the high content of tannic acid has a toxic effect on the water lice group, and all the water lice group death occurs in 4 days, which indicates that healthy mangrove is not easy to be used as a substrate for trapping the water lice group.

The results of different dying mangrove material substrates for trapping collective water lice are shown in tables 2 to 4, fig. 5. The hardness of the material is a factor affecting the cavities of the agglomerated water lice. The smaller the hardness of the trapping material matrix, the easier the gouging corrosion is. The invention finds that the root tip part of the mangrove branch column root is softer and has higher attack probability in ecological investigation. Meanwhile, the content of partial tannic acid in the mangrove corbel root is relatively low, and the mangrove corbel root is easily washed away by tides and is easily corroded by the water lice when being gouged by the water lice. The tannin content of the trunk of the mangrove which withers for more than one year is reduced by oxidation, and the density and the hardness are also greatly reduced, so when the trunk of the mangrove which withers to death is used as a substrate for trapping materials and is put into a mangrove forest, the trunk of the mangrove which withers to death is easier to be selected as a habitat by water lice. The plastic foams were compared only in the number of wormholes which eroded water lice from the same volume, since they are completely different from cellulose-and lignin-containing plant materials, are light and do not absorb water. The results of the experiment in fig. 6 show that the foam can be gouged by the water lice clusters and enter the material within 8 hours after being thrown, holes with the diameter of 0.5 +/-0.05 cm and the depth of more than 0.7cm are generated, and the water lice clusters appear to enter the material substrate without attaching or only part of the body for other material substrates. Therefore, the plastic foam can be used as the first choice for emergency prevention and control of the thrown materials during the outbreak of the water lice. Putting different kinds of wood is favorable for trapping the water lice, and according to the arrangement of the depth of wormholes or the value P of the same material in the same time of materials made of different materials, the material types which are most likely to be gouged and corroded by the water lice are sorted as follows: foamed plastic is greater than waste hemp rope, red sea olive, sea lotus and white bonsai.

2. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1) the material of the invention adopts withered mangrove to soak, is simple and pollution-free, can recycle mangrove resources while being safe to use, reduces economic cost, conforms to the social concept of resource conservation better, and is suitable for having good economic and social benefits.

2) The throwing time of the method belongs to the high-incidence period of the breeding of the water lice, and continuous monitoring is not needed after the water lice are thrown, so that manpower and material resources are saved better; meanwhile, the population density of the water lice clusters can be effectively reduced, the further invasion and repeated harm of the water lice clusters are prevented, the mangrove forest resource is protected and recovered, and the ecological benefit is good.

3) The invention can be used for the water lice burst area and the daily prevention of the water lice growing areas with excessive water lice.

4) The invention has economic, social and ecological benefits at the same time, and is more suitable for large-scale popularization and use.