阅读说明：本技术 一种基于电磁分离的植物粉分离设备及其产品 (Plant powder separation equipment based on electromagnetic separation and product thereof ) 是由 佟立涛 朱红广 李明然 仇菊 王丽丽 王丽娟 王媛 刘佳 刘宇 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于电磁分离的植物粉分离设备。本发明将原料粉碎到100目及以上后,先经过筛分或者风选分离获得蛋白含量45％以上的物料,进一步经过摩擦带电后,进入电磁分离系统。磁场以提供洛伦兹力有效降低粉体下落的速度,改变物料运动轨迹的同时延长电场作用时间；滑轨及清扫刷能够及时清理电极板上收集的物料,保持电极板的工作效率；生产过程中针对不同物料特性通过电流调节电场及磁场的强度、气体流速、喂料浓度、摩擦管道长度等调节物料的带电情况,结合电磁场强度和设置角度的改变,可以适用于不同植物粉物料分离,最终获得高纯度、高得率的蛋白、膳食纤维粉组分。(The invention discloses plant powder separation equipment based on electromagnetic separation. The invention crushes the raw materials to 100 meshes or above, then obtains the materials with the protein content of more than 45 percent through screening or air separation, and enters an electromagnetic separation system after further being subjected to frictional electrification. The magnetic field provides Lorentz force to effectively reduce the falling speed of the powder, change the motion track of the material and prolong the action time of the electric field; the slide rail and the cleaning brush can clean the materials collected on the electrode plate in time, and the working efficiency of the electrode plate is kept; in the production process, the electrification conditions of the materials are adjusted by adjusting the strength of an electric field and a magnetic field, the gas flow rate, the feeding concentration, the length of a friction pipeline and the like according to the characteristics of different materials, and the change of the strength and the setting angle of the electromagnetic field is combined, so that the method can be suitable for separating different plant powder materials, and finally protein and dietary fiber powder components with high purity and high yield are obtained.)

1. The plant powder separation equipment based on electromagnetic separation is characterized by comprising a powder conveying system (1), a friction adsorption system (2), an electromagnetic separation system (3) and a material collecting system (4). The powder conveying system (1) comprises an air pump (1-1); a flexible connecting pipe (1-2); a fluidized bed storage bin (1-3); the triboelectric system (2) comprises an electrometer (2-1); a friction pipe (2-2); the electromagnetic separation system (3) comprises a screen (3-1); a positive plate (3-2); a magnetic field generating device (3-3); a negative plate (3-4); the positive plate (3-2), the magnetic field generating device (3-3) and the negative plate (3-4) can be arranged into an upper set or a lower set or only an upper set. The plant powder raw material is crushed, then partial starch is removed through air separation or screening, and then the plant powder raw material is charged through the friction and adsorption system (2) and then is conveyed to the electromagnetic separation system (3) to separate different components, and the plant powder raw material is collected through the material collection system.

2. The plant powder separating device according to claim 1, wherein the material collecting system comprises a slide rail (4-1), a material partition plate (4-6), a sweeping brush and a material collector, the sweeping brush comprises a positive plate sweeping brush (4-2), a negative plate upper sweeping brush (4-3), a negative plate middle sweeping brush (4-4) and a negative plate lower sweeping brush (4-5), and the material collector comprises a protein collecting bin, a dietary fiber collecting bin (4-7) and a starch collecting bin (4-11). The protein collecting bin is positioned at two sides of the negative plates (3-4) and comprises an upper protein collecting bin (4-8) arranged at the upper part of the negative plates (3-4), a middle protein collecting bin (4-9) arranged at the middle part of the negative plates (3-4) and a lower protein collecting bin (4-10) arranged at the lower part of the negative plates (3-4); the dietary fiber collecting bin (4-7) is positioned at the lower edge of the positive plate (3-2); the starch collecting bin (4-11) is positioned at the bottom of the separation chamber.

3. The plant powder separating device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sweeping brush periodically reciprocates along the slide rail (4-1) to sweep and convey the material adsorbed by the polar plate to the material collector.

4. The plant powder separating equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a screen (3-1) arranged at an inlet of the electromagnetic separating system (3), wherein the aperture of the screen (3-1) is 40-80 meshes.

5. Plant meal separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the friction pipe (2-2) is processed from one or more of teflon, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene.

6. Plant powder separating apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the friction pipe (2-2) is of the spiral coil type.

7. The plant powder separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electric field strength between the positive electrode plate (3-2) and the negative electrode plate (3-4) is 0.1 to 10kv/cm, and the distance between the electrode plates is 10 to 80 cm.

8. The plant powder separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field generating device (3-3) comprises an electromagnet and/or a permanent magnet, the magnetic field strength of the magnet is 20-200 mT, the magnet spacing is 10-80cm, and the magnet volume is 1000-15000 cm³. The magnetic field generating device positioned at the upper part can be vertically arranged or obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle can be adjusted within +/-45 degrees by taking the central magnetic line of force in a vertical state as a reference.

9. The plant powder separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the length of the friction pipe (2-2), the strength of the electric field and the strength of the magnetic field of the electromagnet in the electromagnetic separating system can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage of the external power source.

10. The plant powder separating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fineness d90 of the plant powder raw material is below 100 mesh, and the protein content of the raw material entering the separator after the plant powder is sieved or air-separated is above 45%.

11. The plant powder separating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plant powder comprises grain powder and bean powder. The cereal powder comprises wheat flour, rice flour, millet flour, buckwheat flour, tartary buckwheat flour, highland barley flour, oat flour and quinoa flour, and the bean flour comprises cereal flour or bean flour processed from beans or cereals with fat content below 18%, such as broad bean, kidney bean, pea flour, red bean flour, mung bean flour, chickpea flour, etc.

12. A plant meal component based on electromagnetic separation, characterized in that it is produced with a plant meal separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant powder physical separation, in particular to plant powder separation equipment based on electromagnetic separation.

Background

The functional activities of bean proteins, starch and dietary fibers are receiving more and more attention, for example, proteins in kidney beans, mung beans, broad beans, chickpeas and other miscellaneous beans are reported to have the efficacy of reducing blood fat, starch contains more resistant starch than cereal starch and is beneficial to inhibiting postprandial blood sugar, and dietary fibers have the efficacy of regulating intestinal flora to improve the health state of the body. Cereal proteins also have their special role. Rice protein is widely used in many products such as infant food, gluten-free food, functional protein powder and the like due to its hypoallergenic property. Wheat protein gluten is also used as a main raw material in the processing of flour foods such as bread, noodles, coarse cereal noodles and the like. The blood sugar reducing activity of cereal proteins such as oat, buckwheat and the like is proved, and the requirement of the food industry on the protein of coarse cereals is more and more vigorous. Particularly, in recent years, the wind tide of replacing animal protein with vegetable protein has been raised all over the world, and meat analogue and egg analogue manufactured by kidney bean protein in developed countries such as the United states have been taken out of laboratories and moved to production practice. With the continuous emergence of new products and new states, the development of plant-based foods in China is continuously developing towards the directions of safety, nutrition, delicacy and health, and the quality requirements of food processing enterprises on grain, bean protein, starch and dietary fiber are continuously improved.

At present, the most commonly used method for separating most vegetable proteins is wet separation, which basically involves the following specific steps: 1) grinding the materials into powder and dissolving to prepare a solution; 2) extracting and separating under acidic or alkaline conditions; 3) adjusting pH to realize precipitation or ultrafiltration under the condition of protein isoelectric point; 4) spray drying, etc. The greatest advantage of wet separation of vegetable proteins is that the method can obtain the separated protein with the purity of more than 90%, but partial physiological activity of the separated protein is lost due to acid denaturation, alkali denaturation or high-temperature denaturation because of the extreme adjustment of pH in the whole production process and the influence of high temperature in the drying process. Although this method enables the production of a protein with high purity, the processing characteristics of the protein are also indispensable in many cases. Since the functional properties of these proteins are closely related to their processing properties. If the protein has high solubility, foaming or gelling property, the physiological regulation functions of reducing blood fat, reducing blood sugar and the like are required to be kept high, but the concentrated protein with extremely high purity is not required. In the wet processing, the protein is dissolved by the alkaline solution and the starch is filtered out, while the water-soluble and alcohol-soluble dietary fibers are partly mixed into the protein and partly mixed in the starch and difficult to separate. In order to further obtain the dietary fiber, a hot water method or an alcohol extraction method is adopted for further extraction. In the process of separating vegetable protein, starch and dietary fiber by a wet method, a large amount of chemical reagents, water and energy are needed, and meanwhile, under the background that the pressure of environmental protection is getting bigger and bigger, the problems of waste water and waste liquid of the traditional processing technology increasingly become the bottleneck of industry development.

New technologies for dry separation of proteins, starches, dietary fibers and other components of non-high oil content beans and grains (including coarse cereals) are increasingly favored by the industry. The dry method is to crush the raw materials to a certain mesh number, separate large starch particles (10-50 μm) from small protein-rich parts (2-10 μm), and then separate proteins and other substances by physical methods of screening such as air screening and sieving according to the characteristics of the size, shape, density and the like of different particle parts. But the prior dry separation generally has the problem of low product purity. This is because the partial protein and starch in the plant powder have a particle size and density close to each other and are not easily separated, resulting in poor separation. On the other hand, the charged properties of components such as protein, starch, dietary fiber and the like are different, the product purity is not high due to the combination of particles due to electrostatic interaction, and the purity of the protein obtained by air separation or screening is generally lower than 60 percent at present. Electrostatic separation based on tribo-charging can further improve purity after sieving, since it is very advantageous in separating small particulate materials with significant differences in conductivity. Electrostatic combined screening separation was first applied in the food field in the separation of pericarp and aleurone layer of wheat, and then applied in the separation and concentration of legume protein and the like. However, the existing electrostatic separation device has the defects of short retention time of materials in the separation bin, quick attenuation of separation efficiency caused by accumulation of the materials on polar plates, low dispersity in the separation bin and the like, so that even if the cyclic and reciprocating separation is adopted for multiple times, the purity of protein is always less than 65%, and the separation effect on dietary fibers is not ideal.

Therefore, how to separate protein, starch and dietary fiber simultaneously by using a clean and efficient physical method to obtain plant protein, starch and dietary fiber with higher purity, high yield and excellent physicochemical properties is an industry common problem which needs to be solved urgently. Based on the device, a device for co-separating starch, protein and dietary fiber in plants based on electromagnetic separation is developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the plant powder separation equipment based on electromagnetic separation is characterized by comprising a powder conveying system (1), a friction adsorption system (2), an electromagnetic separation system (3) and a material collecting system (4). The powder conveying system (1) comprises an air pump (1-1); a flexible connecting pipe (1-2); a fluidized bed storage bin (1-3); the triboelectric system (2) comprises an electrometer (2-1); a friction pipe (2-2); the electromagnetic separation system (3) comprises a screen (3-1); a positive plate (3-2); a magnetic field generating device (3-3); a negative plate (3-4); the positive plate (3-2), the magnetic field generating device (3-3) and the negative plate (3-4) can be arranged into an upper set or a lower set or only an upper set. The plant powder raw material is crushed, then partial starch is removed through air separation or screening, and then the plant powder raw material is charged through the friction and adsorption system (2) and then is conveyed to the electromagnetic separation system (3) to separate different components, and the plant powder raw material is collected through the material collection system.

Further, the material collecting system comprises a sliding rail (4-1), a material partition plate (4-6), a cleaning brush and a material collector, wherein the cleaning brush comprises a positive plate cleaning brush (4-2), a negative plate upper portion cleaning brush (4-3), a negative plate middle portion cleaning brush (4-4) and a negative plate lower portion cleaning brush (4-5), and the material collector comprises a protein collecting bin, a dietary fiber collecting bin (4-7) and a starch collecting bin (4-11). The protein collecting bin is positioned at two sides of the negative plates (3-4) and comprises an upper protein collecting bin (4-8) arranged at the upper part of the negative plates (3-4), a middle protein collecting bin (4-9) arranged at the middle part of the negative plates (3-4) and a lower protein collecting bin (4-10) arranged at the lower part of the negative plates (3-4); the dietary fiber collecting bin (4-7) is positioned at the lower edge of the positive plate (3-2); the starch collecting bin (4-11) is positioned at the bottom of the separation chamber.

Furthermore, the cleaning brush does periodic reciprocating motion along the slide rail (4-1) to clean the materials adsorbed by the polar plate and convey the materials to the material collector.

Further, the electromagnetic separation system comprises a screen (3-1) arranged at an inlet of the electromagnetic separation system (3), and the aperture of the screen (3-1) is 40-80 meshes.

Further, the friction pipeline (2-2) is processed by one or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, polyethylene and polypropylene.

Further, the friction pipeline (2-2) is of a spiral coil type.

Furthermore, the electric field intensity between the positive plate (3-2) and the negative plate (3-4) is 0.1-10 kv/cm, and the distance between the plates is 10-80 cm.

Further, the magnetic field generating device (3-3) comprises an electromagnet and/or a permanent magnet, the magnetic field intensity of the magnet is 20-200 mT, the magnet interval is 10-80cm, and the magnet volume is 1000-15000 cm³. The magnetic field generating device at the upper part can be arranged vertically or obliquely to center the magnetic force in the vertical stateThe line is used as a reference, and the inclination angle can be adjusted within +/-45 degrees.

Further, the length of the friction pipeline (2-2), the magnetic field intensity of an electric field and an electromagnet in the electromagnetic separation system can be adjusted by adjusting the voltage of an external power supply.

Furthermore, the fineness d90 of the plant powder raw material is below 100 meshes, and the protein content of the raw material entering the separator is above 45% after the plant powder is sieved or air-separated.

Further, the plant powder includes grain powder and bean powder. The cereal powder comprises wheat flour, rice flour, millet flour, buckwheat flour, tartary buckwheat flour, highland barley flour, oat flour and quinoa flour, and the bean flour comprises cereal flour or bean flour processed from beans or cereals with fat content below 18%, such as broad bean, kidney bean, pea flour, red bean flour, mung bean flour, chickpea flour, etc.

The plant powder component based on electromagnetic separation is characterized by being produced by using the plant powder separating equipment.

The invention aims to provide a co-separation device for starch, protein and dietary fiber in plant powder, which has an electromagnetic separation function, and can simultaneously separate the three components of the plant powder protein, the starch and the dietary fiber by utilizing the actions of electrostatic friction electrification, positive and negative electrode plates, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the plant powder material components have different ionization capacities, namely dietary fibers and the like are easy to obtain charges and are charged negatively, starch and protein are easy to lose charges and are charged positively, and the protein has higher ionization degree than the starch, so that the materials are charged with different types and different amounts of charges through friction, and then three-phase separation and enrichment among the materials are realized under the action of an external electric field and/or a magnetic field.

The plant powder raw material crushed and sieved by more than 100 meshes is subjected to primary separation by sorting or sieving, the sorted part rich in protein or sieved undersize is subjected to electromagnetic separation, and the protein content is more than 45 percent before entering the electromagnetic separation. The powder material is conveyed to an electromagnetic separation system after being electrified through a polytetrafluoroethylene friction pipeline by a fluidized bed, a 40-80-mesh screen is arranged at an inlet of a separation chamber, and the powder material is dispersed to the maximum extent and is conveyed into the separation chamber. Plant powder receives horizontal electric field force and decurrent action of gravity in the separator chamber, receives the lifting and the separation of the lorentz force that magnet provided, and lorentz force can effectively reduce plant powder falling speed, changes the motion trail of particle, provides certain magnetic field separation effect simultaneously, combines the separating action of electric field, realizes the promotion of separation efficiency and purity. The protein collecting bin is located on the negative plate, and the upper collecting bin, the middle collecting bin and the lower collecting bin of the negative plate are arranged from top to bottom at equal intervals. Wherein the protein obtained at the upper part has higher purity, the middle part is the second highest, and the lower part is the lowest; the dietary fiber collecting bin is positioned at the edge of the lower part of the positive plate; the starch collecting bin is positioned at the bottom of the separating chamber. Each collecting part is provided with an upper slide rail and a lower slide rail, the rubber cleaning brushes of each part are driven by external power to do periodic reciprocating motion along the slide rails at regular time, and materials adsorbed by the polar plates are conveyed into collecting bags at two ends. Meanwhile, a set of electromagnetic separation system can be arranged below the separation system, so that the separation efficiency and the purity of the separated components are further improved. The middle of the bottom collecting bin of the lower separating device is a starch collecting bin, so that the purity of starch can be effectively improved.

The invention has the following advantages:

(1) the protein content of the plant powder is more than 45% after sorting or screening, and the invention aims to solve the problem that the purity of the traditional sorting, screening and electrostatic separation cannot be continuously increased.

(2) The materials can be subjected to component separation after being subjected to frictional electrification, and are dispersed through a 40-80-mesh sieve before entering a separation chamber, so that the dispersion degree of the materials in the separation chamber is increased, and the separation efficiency and the purity of a product are further improved.

(3) The Lorentz force provided by the magnetic field effectively reduces the falling speed of the powder, changes the motion trail of the particles, prolongs the action time of the electric field, provides a certain separation effect, and combines the separation of the electric field, so that the separation effect of the protein and the dietary fiber is obviously improved. The distribution of Lorentz force in two aspects of lifting and separating can be changed by adjusting the direction of the magnetic field, the central magnetic line of force in an upright state is taken as a reference, the inclination angle can be within a range of +/-45 degrees, the smooth flowing of the plant powder is ensured, and the required lifting and separating effects can be obtained; .

(4) The rubber cleaning brush can timely clean materials collected on the plate electrode by reciprocating along the slide rail at regular time, so that the working efficiency of the plate electrode is maintained, and automatic and continuous separation is realized.

(5) After the lower electromagnetic field separation system is added, the purity of the starch can be further improved, and the three components are guaranteed to have higher purity.

(6) The intensity of the electric field and the magnetic field is adjusted through current according to different material characteristics in the production process, and the electrified condition of the material is adjusted through adjusting the gas flow rate, the feeding concentration, the length of a friction pipeline and the like, so that the device can be flexibly and changeably suitable for separating different plant powder materials. The protein purity of the separated product can reach more than 70 percent, and the dietary fiber purity can reach more than 55 percent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a material collection system of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a powder delivery system; 1-1, an air pump; 1-2, a flexible connecting pipe; 1-3, a fluidized bed storage bin; 2. a triboelectric system; 2-1, an electrometer; 2-2, a polytetrafluoroethylene friction pipeline; 3. an electromagnetic separation system; 3-1, screening; 3-2, a positive plate; 3-3 permanent magnets or electromagnets; 3-4, a negative plate; 3-5, a high-voltage direct-current power supply; 4. a material collection system; 4-1, sliding rails; 4-2, cleaning the positive plate by using a brush; 4-3, cleaning the upper part of the negative plate by using a brush; 4-4, cleaning and brushing the middle part of the negative plate; 4-5, cleaning the lower part of the negative plate by using a brush; 4-6, material partition board; 4-7, a positive plate (dietary fiber) collecting bin; 4-8, collecting bin at the upper part of the negative plate; 4-9, collecting bin in the middle of negative plate; 4-10 parts of a negative plate lower collecting bin; 4-11 and a starch collecting bin.

Detailed Description