阅读说明：本技术 一种多场复合细粒分级设备 (Multi-field composite fine particle grading equipment ) 是由 王传真 郑艳 刘海增 沈亮 王超 吕文豹 邱轶兵 郑钢丰 沈之柱 于 2020-06-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多场复合细粒分级设备,包括入料导流圆柱筒、旋流筛分圆柱筛网、电磁分级圆柱筒、离心分级圆台筒、旋涡探测圆柱筒。电磁分级圆柱筒上端面连接有入料导流圆柱筒,其下端面连接有离心分级圆台筒,其内设置有旋流筛分圆柱筛网；旋涡探测圆柱筒由入料导流圆柱筒顶部插入并延伸至旋流筛分圆柱筛网；入料导流圆柱筒设有切向原料入料口,电磁分级圆柱筒、旋流分级圆锥筒、旋涡探测圆柱筒分别设有筛下细颗粒产品出料口、底流粗颗粒产品出料口、溢流细颗粒产品出料口。本发明可实现重力、离心力和电磁力等多场复合作用下细粒的高效分级,可有效提高细粒分级效率和处理能力,能克服现有水力分级设备的技术缺陷,能满足矿业、化工和环境等众多工业领域中0～1mm颗粒精准分级作业的要求。(The invention discloses multi-field composite fine particle grading equipment which comprises a feeding guide cylinder, a rotational flow screening cylinder screen, an electromagnetic grading cylinder, a centrifugal grading circular truncated cone and a vortex detection cylinder. The upper end surface of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel is connected with a feeding guide cylindrical barrel, the lower end surface of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel is connected with a centrifugal grading circular truncated cone barrel, and a spiral-flow screening circular cylindrical screen is arranged in the centrifugal grading circular truncated cone barrel; the vortex detection cylindrical drum is inserted from the top of the feeding guide cylindrical drum and extends to the cyclone screening cylindrical screen; the feeding guide cylinder is provided with a tangential raw material feeding port, and the electromagnetic classification cylinder, the rotational flow classification cone cylinder and the vortex detection cylinder are respectively provided with an undersize fine particle product discharging port, an underflow coarse particle product discharging port and an overflow fine particle product discharging port. The invention can realize the high-efficiency classification of fine particles under the multi-field composite action of gravity, centrifugal force, electromagnetic force and the like, can effectively improve the classification efficiency and the processing capacity of the fine particles, can overcome the technical defects of the existing hydraulic classification equipment, and can meet the requirements of 0-1 mm particle precision classification operation in various industrial fields of mining industry, chemical industry, environment and the like.)

1. A multi-field composite fine particle grading device comprises an electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a feeding guide cylinder (1) arranged on the upper part of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a centrifugal grading cylinder (3) arranged on the lower part of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a cyclone screening cylinder screen (2-1) arranged in the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a vortex detection cylinder (4) inserted into the top of the feeding guide cylinder (1) and extending to the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a tangential raw material feeding port (1-1) for feeding the feeding guide cylinder (1) along the tangential direction, an undersize fine particle product discharging port (2-3) arranged on the side surface of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), an overflow fine particle product discharging port (4-1) arranged on the top of the vortex detection cylinder (4), and an underflow coarse particle product discharging port (3-4) arranged at the bottom of the centrifugal grading cylinder (3) The method is characterized in that: tangential raw material feeding ports (1-1) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the feeding guide cylindrical barrel (1); the bottom of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2) is fixedly connected with the top of a static outer shell (3-1) of the centrifugal grading circular truncated cone cylinder (3) through a flange plate (2-5), and a rotary inner shell (3-2) of the centrifugal grading circular truncated cone cylinder (3) is driven by a rotary device (3-3); a cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1) is arranged in the electromagnetic grading cylindrical drum (2), and an arc-shaped baffle (2-4) with adjustable height is arranged on the outer side of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1); an electromagnetic generating device (2-6) is arranged in the hollow shell (2-2) of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2); the vortex detection cylindrical barrel (4) is inserted from top to bottom from the top of the feeding guide cylindrical barrel (1) and extends to the area of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel (2); the undersize fine particle product discharge ports (2-3) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel (2); the overflow fine particle product discharge port (4-1) is arranged on the side surface of the vortex detection cylinder (4); the underflow coarse particle product discharge port (3-4) is arranged at the bottom of the centrifugal classification round table cylinder (3).

2. The multi-field composite fines classification apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the large ends of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1), the feeding guide cylindrical barrel (1) and the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone barrel (3) keep consistent inner diameter size; the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2) and the cyclone screening cylinder screen (2-1) keep the height and the size of the cylinder section consistent; the inner diameter of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical drum (2) is 1.2-1.4 times of that of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1); the inner diameter of the vortex detection cylinder (4) is 0.1-0.2 times of the inner diameter of the vortex screening cylinder screen (2-1).

3. The multi-field composite fines classification apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the screen bars of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1) are arranged longitudinally; the arc-shaped baffle (2-4) is positioned at the outer side of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1), the radian of a single arc-shaped baffle (2-4) is pi/2, and the height of the single arc-shaped baffle (2-4) is 1/10 of the height of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1); the installation number and the installation height of the arc-shaped baffles (2-4) are determined according to requirements.

4. The multi-field composite fines classification apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic generating devices (2-6) are surrounded in the hollow shell (2-2) of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2) from top to bottom, and the range of an electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic generating devices (2-6) and the intensity of the electromagnetic field are adjustable.

5. The multi-field composite fines classification apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the rotary inner shell (3-2) of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone (3) is driven by the rotary device (3-3), and the rotating speed of the rotary inner shell (3-2) is 500-1000 revolutions per minute.

6. The multi-field composite fines classification apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the number of the tangential raw material feeding ports (1-1) arranged on the feeding guide cylinder (1) is 2; the number of the undersize fine particle product discharge holes (2-3) is 2-4.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of grading equipment, and particularly relates to multi-field composite fine particle grading equipment suitable for heterogeneous phase separation, solid-liquid heterogeneous phase separation and grading.

Background

At present, a hydraulic classification cyclone is a common device for classifying 0-1 mm fine particles, and mainly comprises a tangential feed inlet, a cylindrical barrel, a conical barrel, an underflow opening, an overflow pipe, an overflow opening and the like. The tangential feed inlet is arranged on the upper part of the cylindrical section and enters the cylindrical barrel along the tangential direction, the top of the cylindrical section is connected with the overflow port, the bottom of the cylindrical section is connected with the large end of the conical barrel, the small end of the conical barrel is connected with the underflow port, and the overflow pipe penetrates through the top of the cylindrical barrel and goes deep into the cylindrical barrel. After being fed into the hydraulic classification swirler along the tangential feeding port under a certain pressure, the ore pulp rotates at a high speed and moves downwards in the cylindrical barrel under the action of gravity, and when the ore pulp reaches the conical barrel, because the flow area is gradually smaller, part of the fluid keeps moving downwards, passes through the conical section and is discharged from the underflow port to form an underflow product, and part of the fluid is extruded and then moves upwards, passes through the overflow pipe and is discharged from the overflow port to form an overflow product. At present, through the continuous development for many years, the hydrocyclone has the advantages of simple structure, large treatment capacity, low operation cost and the like, but the classification precision still faces the practical problem that the classification effect is to be improved; secondly, the particles in the hydrocyclone are settled under the action of centrifugal force and along the radial direction, the rotating radius of the coarse particles is obviously larger than that of the fine particles, but due to the existence of the equal settlement phenomenon, part of the high-density fine particles enter the coarse particles, and on the contrary, part of the low-density coarse particles also enter the fine particles, so that the classification efficiency is reduced; in addition, the presence of the under-head short-circuit flow within the hydrocyclone allows a portion of the material to be discharged directly from the overflow without sorting, and the boundary layer flow carries the fine particles out of the underflow port. Aiming at the problems in the hydrocyclone, the invention patent with the publication number of CN 268493Y discloses a hydrocyclone with a filter screen, which is mainly characterized in that the filter screen is arranged between a feeding pipe and an overflow pipe, the diameter and the shape of the filter screen are consistent with the axial zero-speed envelope surface of the hydrocyclone, the lower part of the screen is open, and the upper part of the screen is connected with the top of a feeding cavity, so that the problem of overflow thickening can be solved to a certain extent, but the problem of underflow thinness is still not solved; the invention patent of publication No. CN 101844115A discloses a three-product cyclone classifying screen, which is mainly characterized in that a lower port of a cylindrical guide cylinder of a cyclone is connected with a cylindrical screen, the cylindrical screen is sleeved in the cylinder of the cyclone, the conical screen is sleeved in the conical cylinder, water is supplied to the conical cylinder, a guide disc is arranged between a central pipe and the conical screen, fine particles are screened by passing through the screen by utilizing the pressure difference of the outer cyclone of the side wall under a strong centrifugal force field, the problem of the circulation leakage near the side wall and the top cover of the cyclone is solved, but the problems of the screen backflow phenomenon at the lower part of the column section and the poor classifying effect of the cone section exist, and the underflow fine phenomenon is still serious; chinese patent with application number 201910159412.2 discloses a three-product radial magnetic field magnetic cyclone for magnetite separation and classification, which is mainly characterized in that a magnetic field is arranged at the bottom of a cylindrical section to realize separation of coarse grain intergrowth and magnetite, the invention is mainly used for magnetite classification, and the applicability to other mineral classification is not mentioned; the invention discloses a three-product axial magnetic field magnetic cyclone for magnetite separation and classification, which is mainly characterized in that a magnetic field is arranged in the lower part of equipment to realize separation of coarse grain intergrowth and magnetite, is mainly used for magnetite classification, and has poor applicability to other minerals.

The multi-field composite fine particle grading equipment provided by the invention integrates a gravity field, a centrifugal force field and an electromagnetic force field, can realize high-efficiency separation of fine particles under the combined action of cyclone grading, screening grading and electromagnetic grading, is beneficial to improving the grading efficiency, can overcome the technical defect of poor grading effect of the traditional hydrocyclone, and is more suitable for popularization and application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide multi-field composite fine particle grading equipment aiming at the defects of the prior art, which can improve the grading precision of a hydrocyclone, can better meet the requirement on the grading precision of fine particles in the industrial production process and can overcome the defects of the prior art.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

A multi-field composite fine particle grading device comprises an electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel, a feeding guide cylindrical barrel arranged at the upper part of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel, a centrifugal grading circular table barrel arranged at the lower part of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel, a rotational flow screening cylindrical screen arranged in the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel, a vortex detection cylindrical barrel inserted from the top of the feeding guide cylindrical barrel and extending to the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel area, a tangential raw material feeding port entering the feeding guide cylindrical barrel along the tangential direction, a undersize fine particle product discharge port arranged at the side surface of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel, an overflow fine particle product discharge port arranged at the top of the vortex detection cylindrical barrel, and an underflow coarse particle product discharge port arranged at the bottom of the centrifugal grading circular table barrel; tangential raw material feeding ports are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the feeding guide cylindrical barrel; the bottom of the electromagnetic grading cylinder is fixedly connected with the top of the static outer shell of the centrifugal grading circular truncated cone through a flange plate, and the rotary inner shell of the centrifugal grading circular truncated cone is driven by a rotary device; a cyclone screening cylindrical screen is arranged in the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel, and an arc-shaped baffle with adjustable height is arranged outside the cyclone screening cylindrical screen; an electromagnetic generating device is arranged in the hollow shell of the electromagnetic grading cylinder; the vortex detection cylindrical barrel is inserted from top to bottom from the top of the feeding guide cylindrical barrel and extends to the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel area; the undersize fine particle product discharge ports are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the electromagnetic grading cylinder; the overflow fine particle product discharge port is arranged on the side surface of the vortex detection cylinder; the underflow coarse particle product discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone.

The multi-field composition mainly comprises a gravity field, a centrifugal force field and an electromagnetic force field.

The inner diameter of the feeding guide cylinder, the inner diameter of the cyclone screening cylinder screen and the inner diameter of the large end of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone are consistent in size.

The height of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen is consistent with that of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical section; the screen bars of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen are arranged longitudinally; the size of the screen slot of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen is 0.045mm, 0.074mm, 0.125mm, 0.250mm or 0.500 mm;

the height of the single arc-shaped baffle is 1/10-1/8 of the height of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen, and the radian is pi/2; the joint surface between the arc-shaped baffle and the cyclone screening cylindrical screen is smooth.

An electromagnetic generating device is arranged in the hollow shell of the electromagnetic grading cylinder, and the range of the generated electromagnetic field and the intensity of the electromagnetic field are adjustable.

The rotary inner shell of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone is driven by a rotary device, and the rotating speed is 500-1000 r/min and is adjustable.

The number of the tangential raw material feeding ports is 2; the number of the undersize fine particle product discharge holes is 2-4.

When the device is used, the cyclone screening cylindrical screen, the electromagnetic classification cylindrical drum and the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone drum are arranged to realize particle classification under the combined action of a centrifugal force field, a gravity field and an electromagnetic force field. The material is fed into a feeding guide cylinder from a tangential raw material feeding port under certain pressure and then is in spiral downward centrifugal motion under the action of a gravity field, when the material moves to an electromagnetic classification cylinder section, on one hand, a large amount of fine particles smaller than the screened fine particles are promoted to generate particle screening action due to the existence of a cyclone screening cylinder screen, on the other hand, the magnetic fine particles are effectively promoted to pass through the screen under the action of an electromagnetic generating device arranged in a hollow shell of the electromagnetic classification cylinder, and the screened material is discharged from a discharge port of a fine particle product below the screen; the material which is not screened continues to make spiral downward movement, when the material moves to a centrifugal classification circular truncated cone which rotates at a high speed, under the action of a centrifugal force field with certain strength, the coarse particle material makes downward movement along the radial direction and in the direction of the wall surface of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone and is discharged from a discharge port of a underflow coarse particle product, and the coarser the particles, the faster the movement towards the wall surface of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone; the material flow area in the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone is continuously reduced along with the increase of the axial depth of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone, so that part of fine particle materials are separated from the spiral and move downwards, and then move upwards in a spiral manner, pass through the vortex detection cylindrical barrel and are discharged from the discharge hole of the overflow fine particle product.

Compared with the prior hydraulic classification cyclone technology, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) an electromagnetic generating device with adjustable magnetic field intensity is arranged in the hollow shell of the electromagnetic grading cylinder, so that magnetic fine particles can be effectively accelerated to pass through the sieve, and the sieving and grading efficiency of the particles is improved;

(2) the bottom of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen is provided with an arc-shaped baffle, the sieving area of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen can be adjusted, and the defect of material backflow at the bottom of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen is eliminated, so that the content of fine particles in bottom flow is reduced, and the classification efficiency is improved;

(3) the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone cylinder with the adjustable rotating speed is arranged, the centrifugal strength of materials in the area of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone cylinder can be flexibly adjusted, coarse particles are promoted to enter an outer rotational flow, fine particles are promoted to enter an inner rotational flow, and therefore the classification efficiency and the classification precision are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention;

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiments and the drawings.

As shown in figure 1, a multi-field composite fine particle grading device comprises an electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a feeding guide cylinder (1) arranged at the upper part of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a centrifugal grading circular table cylinder (3) arranged at the lower part of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a rotational flow screening cylindrical screen (2-1) arranged in the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a vortex detection cylinder (4) inserted from the top of the feeding guide cylinder (1) and extending to the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), a tangential raw material feeding port (1-1) entering the feeding guide cylinder (1) along the tangential direction, an undersize fine particle product discharging port (2-3) arranged at the side of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), and an overflow fine particle product discharging port (4-1) arranged at the top of the vortex detection cylinder (4), a discharge hole (3-4) for underflow coarse-grained products, which is arranged at the bottom of the centrifugal classification round-table cylinder (3); tangential raw material feeding ports (1-1) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the feeding guide cylindrical barrel (1); the bottom of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2) is fixedly connected with the top of a static outer shell (3-1) of the centrifugal grading circular truncated cone cylinder (3) through a flange plate (2-5), and a rotary inner shell (3-2) of the centrifugal grading circular truncated cone cylinder (3) is driven by a rotary device (3-3); a cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1) is arranged in the electromagnetic grading cylindrical drum (2), and an arc-shaped baffle (2-4) with adjustable height is arranged on the outer side of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1); an electromagnetic generating device (2-6) is arranged in the hollow shell (2-2) of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2); the vortex detection cylindrical barrel (4) is inserted from top to bottom from the top of the feeding guide cylindrical barrel (1) and extends to the area of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel (2); the undersize fine particle product discharge ports (2-3) are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical barrel (2); the overflow fine particle product discharge port (4-1) is arranged on the side surface of the vortex detection cylinder (4); the underflow coarse particle product discharge port (3-4) is arranged at the bottom of the centrifugal classification round table cylinder (3).

The multi-field composition mainly comprises a gravity field, a centrifugal force field and an electromagnetic force field.

The inner diameter of the feeding guide cylinder (1), the inner diameter of the cyclone screening cylinder screen (2-1) and the inner diameter of the large end of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone cylinder (3) are consistent in size.

The height of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1) is consistent with that of the electromagnetic grading cylindrical drum (2); the screen bars of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1) are arranged longitudinally; the size of the screen slot of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1) is 0.045mm, 0.074mm, 0.125mm, 0.250mm or 0.500 mm;

the height of the single arc-shaped baffle (2-4) is 1/10 of the height of the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-4), and the radian is pi/2; the joint surface between the arc-shaped baffle (2-4) and the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1) is smooth.

An electromagnetic generating device (2-6) is arranged in the hollow shell (2-2) of the electromagnetic grading cylinder (2), and the range of the generated electromagnetic field and the intensity of the electromagnetic field are adjustable.

The rotary inner shell (3-2) of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone cylinder (3) is driven by the rotary device (3-3), and the rotating speed is 500-1000 r/min and is adjustable.

The number of the tangential raw material feeding ports (1-1) is 2; the number of the undersize fine particle product discharge holes (2-3) is 2-4.

When the device is used, the cyclone screening cylindrical screen (2-1), the electromagnetic classification cylindrical drum (2) and the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone drum (3) are arranged to realize particle classification under the combined action of a centrifugal force field, a gravitational field and an electromagnetic force field. The material is fed into a feeding guide cylinder (1) from a tangential raw material feeding port (1-1) under a certain pressure and then is in spiral downward centrifugal motion under the action of a gravity field, when the material moves to an electromagnetic classification cylinder (2) section, on one hand, a large amount of fine particles smaller than the screened fine particles are promoted to generate particle screening action due to the existence of a cyclone screening cylinder screen (2-1), on the other hand, the magnetic fine particles are effectively promoted to be screened under the action of an electromagnetic generating device (2-6) arranged in a hollow shell (2-2) of the electromagnetic classification cylinder (2), and the screened material is discharged from a screened fine particle product discharging port (2-3); the material which is not screened continues to do spiral downward movement, when the material moves to the centrifugal classification round table cylinder (3) rotating at high speed, under the action of a centrifugal force field with certain intensity, the coarse particle material moves downward along the radial direction and in the direction of the wall surface of the centrifugal classification round table cylinder (3) and is discharged from a discharge port (3-4) of underflow coarse particle products, and the coarser the particles, the faster the particles move in the direction of the wall surface of the centrifugal classification round table cylinder (3); as the material flow area in the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone cylinder (3) is continuously reduced along with the increase of the axial depth of the centrifugal classification circular truncated cone cylinder (3), part of fine particle materials are separated from the spiral and move downwards, and then do spiral and move upwards, pass through the vortex detection cylindrical cylinder (4) and are discharged from the overflow fine particle product discharge port (4-1).

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.