阅读说明：本技术 多前拱调温生物质气化热风炉 (Multi-front-arch temperature-regulating biomass gasification hot blast stove ) 是由 单亚顺 胡焕智 王刚 于 2020-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多前拱调温生物质气化热风炉,该热风炉内设有裂解气化区、固体燃烧区、第一气体燃烧区和第二气体燃烧区,生物质燃料在裂解气化区内裂解析出挥发分,剩余的固体燃料进入固体燃烧区燃烧,一部分挥发分通过前拱上的通气孔进入第一气体燃烧区燃烧,以对前拱进行加热,为生物质燃料的裂解提供热能,另一部分挥发分直接绕过前拱的后侧进入第二气体燃烧区,同时第一气体燃烧区燃烧剩余的挥发分也进入第二气体燃烧区,使得挥发分在第二气体燃烧区中燃烧,固体燃烧区、第一气体燃烧区和第二气体燃烧区产生的高温烟气进入排烟室,并通过烟气出口输出。本发明可根据不同生物质燃料调节裂解气化区的温度,保证燃料的挥发分充分析出。(The invention discloses a multi-front-arch thermoregulation biomass gasification hot blast stove, which is internally provided with a pyrolysis gasification zone, a solid combustion zone, a first gas combustion zone and a second gas combustion zone, wherein biomass fuel is cracked in the pyrolysis gasification zone to separate volatile matters, the rest solid fuel enters the solid combustion zone for combustion, part of the volatile matters enter the first gas combustion zone for combustion through vent holes on the front arch, so as to heat the front arch and provide heat energy for the cracking of the biomass fuel, the other part of volatile matter directly bypasses the rear side of the front arch and enters a second gas combustion area, simultaneously, the residual volatile components in the combustion of the first gas combustion area also enter the second gas combustion area, so that the volatile components are combusted in the second gas combustion area, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the solid combustion area, the first gas combustion area and the second gas combustion area enters the smoke exhaust chamber and is output through the flue gas outlet. The invention can adjust the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification area according to different biomass fuels, and ensure the full separation of the volatile components of the fuels.)

1. The utility model provides a many front arches biomass gasification hot-blast furnace that adjusts temperature which characterized in that:

comprises a furnace body;

a furnace front bin is arranged outside the front side of the furnace body, a slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the furnace body, a horizontal chain grate extending from the furnace front bin to the slag outlet is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, and the horizontal chain grate penetrates through a fuel inlet arranged on the front furnace wall of the furnace body;

the upper furnace wall of the furnace body comprises a front upper arch and a rear upper arch which are connected in a front-rear mode, and the front upper arch is lower than the rear upper arch;

a front arch is arranged between the front upper arch and the horizontal chain grate, the front arch is connected to the front furnace wall of the furnace body, a cracking gasification area is formed between the front arch and the horizontal chain grate, a first gas combustion area is formed between the front arch and the front upper arch, a plurality of vent holes for communicating the cracking gasification area and the first gas combustion area are formed in the front arch, and a secondary air inlet for ventilating the first gas combustion area is formed in the front furnace wall of the furnace body;

a rear arch is arranged between the rear upper arch and the horizontal chain grate, a solid combustion area is formed between the rear arch and the horizontal chain grate, a plurality of primary air chambers used for ventilating the solid combustion area are arranged in the horizontal chain grate, a smoke exhaust chamber is formed between the rear arch and the rear upper arch, and a smoke outlet communicated with the smoke exhaust chamber is arranged at the rear part of the furnace body;

and a second gas combustion area is formed between the front arch and the rear arch, the front part of the second gas combustion area is communicated with the first gas combustion area, the lower part of the second gas combustion area is communicated with the solid combustion area, the upper part of the second gas combustion area is communicated with the smoke exhaust chamber, and a tertiary air inlet used for ventilating the second gas combustion area is arranged on the front furnace wall of the furnace body.

2. The multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove of claim 1, characterized in that: and a temperature probe for detecting the temperature of the front arch is arranged in the front arch.

3. The multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove of claim 1, characterized in that: the tertiary air inlet faces to the rear lower part, and the spraying speed from the tertiary air inlet is adjustable.

4. The multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove of claim 1, characterized in that: and a plurality of ignition air chambers used for ventilating the pyrolysis gasification area are arranged in the horizontal chain grate, when biomass fuel is ignited, the ignition air chambers ventilate the pyrolysis gasification area, so that the biomass fuel is combusted in the pyrolysis gasification area to heat the front arch, and after the front arch is heated to a set temperature, the ignition air chambers stop supplying air to the pyrolysis gasification area.

5. The multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove of claim 1, characterized in that: the distance between the rear arch and the horizontal traveling grate is larger than the distance between the front arch and the horizontal traveling grate.

6. The multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove of claim 1, characterized in that: the front end of the rear arch is provided with a choke part which protrudes upwards.

7. The multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove of claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part of the rear upper arch is connected with a downward extending vertical arch, and the vertical arch divides the smoke exhaust chamber into a smoke inlet chamber and a settling chamber, the lower parts of which are communicated.

8. The multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove of claim 7, characterized in that: and a flue gas recirculation inlet for introducing circulating flue gas into the flue gas inlet chamber is formed in the furnace wall of the furnace body.

9. The multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove of claim 7, characterized in that: and an ash falling port communicated with the settling chamber and the slag outlet is arranged on the rear arch, and during ash removal, the ash falling port is opened, so that the ash in the settling chamber is discharged into the slag outlet through the ash falling port.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hot blast stoves, in particular to a multi-front-arch temperature-regulating biomass gasification hot blast stove.

Background

The chain-grate type energy-saving hot-blast stove is a novel high-efficiency and energy-saving hot-blast stove, and the principle is that coal is fed into a hearth through a grate, a fan supplies air, the coal is in contact with coal on a chain to be fully combusted and generate high-temperature flue gas, high-temperature flame enters a secondary combustion chamber and a cyclone burnout chamber to be combusted again, and the chain-grate type energy-saving hot-blast stove has the advantages of stable heat supply, high automation degree, high efficiency, environmental protection, safety and reliability.

The fuel that current chain bar formula energy-conserving hot-blast furnace used is mostly the coal, someone proposes and can replace into living beings briquetting fuel with the coal, however, living beings briquetting fuel falls on the chain through stokehold feed bin, the chain brings briquetting fuel into furnace, because living beings briquetting fuel's volatile reaches 60% ~ 70%, living beings briquetting fuel just gets into after the furnace and just burns soon, easy coking during the burning, and stokehold feed bin smokes easily, gate and front wall burn out very easily, and there is the hidden danger of gate backfire ignition feed bin to exist.

In order to solve the problems, the chinese utility model patent CN210463572U provides a semi-gasification combustion biomass hot blast stove, which is composed of a horizontal traveling grate, a front arch and a rear arch respectively to form a pyrolysis gasification zone and a solid combustion zone, and utilizes the high volatile component property of biomass fuels such as straws, and the volatile component of the fuel is analyzed in the pyrolysis gasification zone and is combusted in the first gas combustion zone, and the residual fixed carbon is completely combusted in the solid combustion zone to form the semi-gasification combustion of the biomass fuel.

However, the temperatures required for the volatilization analysis of different biofuels are different, and the semi-gasification combustion biomass hot blast stove cannot adjust the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification zone and cannot ensure that the volatile components of the biomass fuels are fully separated out.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-front-arch temperature-regulating biomass gasification hot blast stove, which is used for regulating the temperature of a pyrolysis gasification zone according to different biomass fuels and ensuring that the volatile components of the biomass fuels are fully separated out.

The invention provides a multi-front-arch temperature-regulating biomass gasification hot blast stove, which comprises a stove body; a furnace front bin is arranged outside the front side of the furnace body, a slag outlet is arranged at the bottom of the rear side of the furnace body, a horizontal chain grate extending from the furnace front bin to the slag outlet is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, and the horizontal chain grate penetrates through a fuel inlet arranged on the front furnace wall of the furnace body; the upper furnace wall of the furnace body comprises a front upper arch and a rear upper arch which are connected in a front-rear mode, and the front upper arch is lower than the rear upper arch; a front arch is arranged between the front upper arch and the horizontal chain grate, the front arch is connected to the front furnace wall of the furnace body, a cracking gasification area is formed between the front arch and the horizontal chain grate, a first gas combustion area is formed between the front arch and the front upper arch, a plurality of vent holes for communicating the cracking gasification area and the first gas combustion area are formed in the front arch, and a secondary air inlet for ventilating the first gas combustion area is formed in the front furnace wall of the furnace body; a rear arch is arranged between the rear upper arch and the horizontal chain grate, a solid combustion area is formed between the rear arch and the horizontal chain grate, a plurality of primary air chambers used for ventilating the solid combustion area are arranged in the horizontal chain grate, a smoke exhaust chamber is formed between the rear arch and the rear upper arch, and a smoke outlet communicated with the smoke exhaust chamber is arranged at the rear part of the furnace body; and a second gas combustion area is formed between the front arch and the rear arch, the front part of the second gas combustion area is communicated with the first gas combustion area, the lower part of the second gas combustion area is communicated with the solid combustion area, the upper part of the second gas combustion area is communicated with the smoke exhaust chamber, and a tertiary air inlet used for ventilating the second gas combustion area is arranged on the front furnace wall of the furnace body.

Further, a temperature probe for detecting the temperature of the front arch is arranged in the front arch.

Further, the tertiary air inlet faces towards the rear lower part, and the spraying wind speed from the tertiary air inlet is adjustable.

Furthermore, a plurality of ignition wind chambers used for ventilating the pyrolysis gasification area are arranged in the horizontal traveling grate, when biomass fuel is ignited, the ignition wind chambers ventilate the pyrolysis gasification area, so that the biomass fuel is combusted in the pyrolysis gasification area to heat the front arch, and after the front arch is heated to a set temperature, the ignition wind chambers stop supplying air to the pyrolysis gasification area.

Further, the distance between the rear arch and the horizontal traveling grate is larger than the distance between the front arch and the horizontal traveling grate.

Furthermore, a choke portion protruding upwards is arranged at the front end of the rear arch.

Furthermore, the middle part of the rear upper arch is connected with a downward extending vertical arch, and the vertical arch divides the smoke exhaust chamber into a smoke inlet chamber and a settling chamber, the lower parts of which are communicated.

Furthermore, a smoke recirculation inlet for introducing circulating smoke into the smoke inlet chamber is formed in the furnace wall of the furnace body.

Furthermore, the rear arch is provided with an ash falling port communicated with the settling chamber and the slag outlet, and during ash removal, the ash falling port is opened, so that the ash in the settling chamber is discharged into the slag outlet through the ash falling port.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the biomass briquette fuel falls on the horizontal chain grate through a stokehole bin, the horizontal chain grate carries the fuel into a hearth, when the fuel passes through the pyrolysis gasification zone without ventilation, the fuel is cracked under the condition of high temperature and oxygen deficiency to separate out volatile components, the fuel after the volatile components are separated out is continuously conveyed to a solid combustion zone through the horizontal chain grate to be combusted and finally discharged from a slag outlet, meanwhile, one part of the volatile components separated out in the pyrolysis gasification zone enter a first gas combustion zone through a vent hole on a front arch, a secondary air inlet introduces air into the first gas combustion zone to ensure that the volatile components are combusted in the first gas combustion zone to heat the front arch, one part of the volatile components separated out in the pyrolysis gasification zone directly bypasses the rear side of the front arch to enter a second gas combustion zone, and simultaneously the residual volatile components combusted in the first gas combustion zone also enter the second gas combustion zone, air is introduced into the second gas combustion area through the tertiary air direction, so that volatile matters are combusted in the second gas combustion area, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the solid combustion area, the first gas combustion area and the second gas combustion area enters the smoke exhaust chamber and is output through the flue gas outlet.

The hot blast stove mainly heats the front arch through the volatile matter of the first gas combustion area, the biomass briquette fuel of the pyrolysis gasification area is mainly heated through the heat radiation of the front arch, therefore, the air quantity of the secondary air inlet is adjusted, the combustion firepower of the first gas combustion area can be controlled, the temperature of the front arch is adjusted, the accurate control of the temperature is realized, the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification area can be adjusted according to different biomass fuels, the sufficient separation of the volatile matter of the biomass fuels is ensured, the complete separation and independent air distribution combustion of the volatile matter and fixed carbon of the fuels are realized, the fuel layer temperature is reduced simultaneously, the problem of biomass combustion coking is solved, the area heat load of a grate is reduced, the service life of the grate is prolonged, the temperature of the front arch is controllable, and the fuel backfire ignition bin can be prevented.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multiple front arch attemperation biomass gasification hot blast stove provided by an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a multi-front-arch tempering biomass gasification hot blast stove provided by the embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings: 10-a furnace body; 11-a slag outlet; 12-a fuel inlet; 13-front upper arch; 14-rear upper arch; 15-front arch; 151-vent holes; 152-temperature probe; 16-a first gas combustion zone; 17-a pyrolysis gasification zone; 18-secondary air inlet; 19-rear arch; 191-a flow-impeding portion; 192-ash drop port; 110-a solids combustion zone; 111-a smoke exhaust chamber; 1111-smoke inlet chamber; 1112-a settling chamber; 112-flue gas outlet; 113-a second gas combustion zone; 114-tertiary air inlet; 115-vertical arch; 116-flue gas recirculation inlet; 20-a stokehole bunker; 30-a horizontal traveling grate; 31-a primary air chamber; 32-pilot air chamber.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multiple front arch temperature-regulating biomass gasification hot blast stove, which includes a stove body 10, a front bin 20 is provided outside the front side of the stove body 10, a slag outlet 11 is provided at the bottom of the rear side of the stove body 10, a horizontal chain grate 30 extending from the front bin 20 to the slag outlet 11 is provided at the lower part of the stove body 10, and the horizontal chain grate 30 passes through a fuel inlet 12 opened on the front wall of the stove body 10.

The upper furnace wall of the furnace body 10 comprises a front upper arch 13 and a rear upper arch 14 which are connected in a front-rear manner, and the front upper arch 13 is lower than the rear upper arch.

A front arch 15 is arranged between the front upper arch 13 and the horizontal traveling grate 30, the front arch 15 is connected to the front wall of the furnace body 10, a cracking gasification area 17 is formed between the front arch 15 and the horizontal traveling grate, a first gas combustion area 16 is formed between the front arch 15 and the front upper arch 13, a plurality of vent holes 151 communicating the cracking gasification area 17 with the first gas combustion area 16 are formed in the front arch 15, and a secondary air inlet 18 for ventilating the first gas combustion area 16 is formed in the front wall of the furnace body 10.

A rear arch 19 is arranged between the rear upper arch 14 and the horizontal traveling grate 30, a solid combustion area 110 is formed between the rear arch 19 and the horizontal traveling grate 30, a plurality of primary air chambers 31 for ventilating the solid combustion area 110 are arranged in the horizontal traveling grate 30, a smoke exhaust chamber 111 is formed between the rear arch 19 and the rear upper arch 14, and a smoke outlet 112 communicated with the smoke exhaust chamber 111 is arranged at the rear part of the furnace body 10.

A second gas combustion area 113 is formed between the front arch 15 and the rear arch 19, the front part of the second gas combustion area 113 is communicated with the first gas combustion area 16, the lower part of the second gas combustion area 113 is communicated with the solid combustion area 110, the upper part of the second gas combustion area 113 is communicated with the smoke exhaust chamber 111, and a tertiary air inlet 114 for ventilating the second gas combustion area 113 is arranged on the front furnace wall of the furnace body 10.

The working principle of the multi-front-arch temperature-regulating biomass gasification hot blast stove is shown in fig. 2 (hollow arrows in fig. 2 indicate the flowing indication of volatile components, solid arrows indicate the flowing indication of high-temperature flue gas), biomass briquette fuel falls on the horizontal chain grate 30 through the stokehold bin 20, the horizontal chain grate 30 brings the fuel into a hearth, as the pyrolysis gasification zone 17 is not ventilated, when the fuel passes through the pyrolysis gasification zone 17, under the condition of high temperature and oxygen deficiency, the volatile components are cracked and separated out, the fuel after the volatile components are separated out is continuously conveyed to the solid combustion zone 110 through the horizontal chain grate 30 to be combusted, and finally is discharged from the slag outlet 11, meanwhile, part of the volatile components separated out in the pyrolysis gasification zone 17 enter the first gas combustion zone 16 through the vent holes 151 on the front arch 15, the secondary air inlet 18 introduces air into the first gas combustion zone 16, so that the volatile components are combusted in the first gas combustion zone 16, further, the front arch 15 is heated, a part of volatile components separated out in the cracking gasification zone 17 directly bypass the rear side of the front arch 15 and enter the second gas combustion zone 113, meanwhile, the residual volatile components generated by the combustion in the first gas combustion zone 16 also enter the second gas combustion zone 113, tertiary air introduces air into the second gas combustion zone 113, so that the volatile components are combusted in the second gas combustion zone 113, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the solid combustion zone 110, the first gas combustion zone 16 and the second gas combustion zone 113 enters the smoke exhaust chamber 111 and is output through the flue gas outlet 112.

The hot blast stove mainly heats the front arch 15 through the volatile matter of the first gas combustion area 16, the biomass briquette fuel of the pyrolysis gasification area 17 is mainly heated through the heat radiation of the front arch 15, therefore, the combustion firepower of the first gas combustion area 16 can be controlled by adjusting the air quantity of the secondary air inlet 18, thereby adjusting the temperature of the front arch 15 and realizing the accurate control of the temperature, thus the temperature of the pyrolysis gasification area 17 can be adjusted according to different biomass fuels, the volatile matter of the biomass fuel is ensured to be fully separated out, the complete separation and independent air distribution combustion of the volatile matter and fixed carbon of the fuel is realized, meanwhile, the temperature of a fuel layer is reduced, the problem of biomass combustion coking is solved, the area heat load of a fire grate is reduced, the service life of the fire grate is prolonged, the temperature of the front arch 15 is controllable, and the reverse combustion of the fuel can be prevented from igniting the storage bin.

In the present embodiment, the temperature probe 152 for detecting the temperature of the front arch 15 is provided in the front arch 15, and the temperature of the front arch 15 is detected by the temperature probe 152, so that it is possible to provide an accurate reference for controlling the combustion power in the first gas combustion zone 16.

The tertiary air inlet 114 faces to the rear lower part, and the spraying speed of the tertiary air from the tertiary air inlet 114 is adjustable. Generally, the temperature regulation requirement of the front arch 15 can be met by regulating the air volume of the secondary air inlet 18, when the air volume of the secondary air inlet 18 cannot meet the temperature regulation requirement of the front arch 15, the temperature of the front arch 15 can be controlled by regulating the air speed sprayed from the tertiary air inlet 114 to supplement the temperature regulation of the front arch 15, if the temperature of the front arch 15 is too low, the spraying air speed of the tertiary air inlet 114 is increased, the introduced air presses the flame in the second gas combustion area 113 to increase the heating of the front arch 15 by the combustion of the second gas combustion area 113, and if the temperature of the front arch 15 is too high, the spraying air speed of the tertiary air inlet 114 is decreased to move the flame in the second gas combustion area 113 upwards, so that the heating of the front arch 15 by the combustion of the second gas combustion area 113 is reduced.

A plurality of ignition air chambers 32 used for ventilating the pyrolysis gasification area 17 are arranged in the horizontal traveling grate 30, when biomass fuel is ignited, the ignition air chambers 32 ventilate the pyrolysis gasification area 17, so that the biomass fuel is combusted in the pyrolysis gasification area 17 to heat the front arch 15, after the front arch 15 is heated to a set temperature, the ignition air chambers 32 stop supplying air to the pyrolysis gasification area 17, the pyrolysis gasification area 17 is flamed out, and in turn, the biomass fuel is heated and pyrolyzed through the heat radiation of the front arch 15.

In the embodiment, the distance between the rear arch 19 and the horizontal traveling grate 30 is greater than the distance between the front arch 15 and the horizontal traveling grate 30, that is, the height of the pyrolysis gasification zone 17 is low, so that the fuel in the pyrolysis gasification zone 17 can be effectively prevented from being ignited, and the height of the solid combustion zone 110 is high, so that the fuel in the solid combustion zone 110 can be fully combusted.

In this embodiment, the front end of the rear arch 19 is provided with a flow blocking portion 191 protruding upward, and the flow blocking portion 191 functions to block the gas from flowing directly backward, so that the gas flows upward first and then flows backward, thereby increasing the retention time of the gas in the second gas combustion zone 113 and enabling the gas to be combusted more sufficiently.

In this embodiment, a vertical arch 115 extending downwards is connected to the middle of the rear upper arch 14, the vertical arch 115 divides the smoke exhaust chamber 111 into a smoke inlet chamber 1111 and a settling chamber 1112 which are communicated with each other at the lower part, and smoke generated by combustion enters the settling chamber 1112 through the lower part of the vertical arch 115, which is beneficial to settling of soot in the smoke. In order to clean the ash settled in the settling chamber 1112, the rear arch 19 is provided with an ash falling port 192 for communicating the settling chamber 1112 with the slag outlet 11, and during ash cleaning, the ash falling port 192 is opened, so that the ash in the settling chamber 1112 is discharged into the slag outlet 11 through the ash falling port 192.

Furthermore, a flue gas recirculation inlet 116 for introducing circulating flue gas into the flue gas inlet chamber 1111 is arranged on the furnace wall of the furnace body 10, the circulating flue gas after being heated and utilized has residual heat and has certain oxygen content, the circulating flue gas is introduced into the flue gas inlet chamber 1111 and is mixed with the flue gas generated by the combustion of the hot blast stove, the residual combustible gas in the flue gas generated by the combustion of the hot blast stove is fully combusted in the flue gas inlet chamber 1111, and the mixed flue gas is continuously heated, so that the residual heat utilization of the circulating flue gas can be realized, the residual combustible gas can be fully combusted, and the heat energy utilization rate is improved.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.