Hydraulically actuated switchable one-way clutch
阅读说明:本技术 液压致动式可切换式单向离合器 (Hydraulically actuated switchable one-way clutch ) 是由 J·科普兰 于 2019-02-14 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明提供了一个可切换式单向离合器(SOWC),所述可切换式单向离合器(SOWC)配置为在自由转动模式和单向离合器模式下运行。所述SOWC包括内圈和外圈,所述内圈具有多个凹槽。多个滚柱设置在所述凹槽中并且径向设置在所述内圈与所述外圈之间。保持架连接至外相位器并且包括多个接片。内相位器具有多个径向向外延伸的凸角,并且所述外相位器具有多个向内延伸的部分。所述凸角与所述向内延伸的部分相配合以限定腔室。当流体施用于所述腔室时,所述外相位器相对于所述内相位器旋转。这引起所述保持架与所述外相位器一起旋转。当所述保持架旋转时,其接片促使所述滚柱相对于所述内圈周向移动并且沿着所述凹槽的所述侧表面向上移动。(A switchable one-way clutch (SOWC) is configured to operate in a free-wheeling mode and a one-way clutch mode. The SOWC includes an inner race having a plurality of grooves and an outer race. A plurality of rollers are disposed in the groove and radially between the inner race and the outer race. The cage is connected to the outer phaser and includes a plurality of tabs. The inner phaser has a plurality of radially outwardly extending lobes and the outer phaser has a plurality of inwardly extending portions. The lobes cooperate with the inwardly extending portions to define a chamber. The outer phaser rotates relative to the inner phaser as fluid is applied to the chamber. This causes the cage to rotate with the outer phaser. As the cage rotates, its tabs cause the rollers to move circumferentially relative to the inner race and upward along the side surfaces of the grooves.)
1. A switchable one-way clutch (SOWC) configured to operate in a free-wheeling mode and a one-way clutch mode, the SOWC comprising:
an inner ring having a plurality of grooves with side surfaces;
an outer ring;
a plurality of rollers disposed in the groove and radially disposed between the inner race and the outer race;
a cage having a projection configured to selectively contact the roller and urge the roller radially inward in the groove;
an inner phaser having a plurality of radially outwardly extending lobes; and
an outer phaser having a plurality of inwardly extending portions defining chambers therebetween, each chamber sized to accommodate a corresponding one of the lobes of the inner phaser, wherein the outer phaser is mechanically coupled to the cage;
wherein applying hydraulic fluid to the chambers between the inwardly extending portions and the lobes causes the outer phaser to rotate relative to the inner phaser to rotate the cage and cause the rollers to move within the grooves.
2. The SOWC of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of springs in the chamber, the plurality of springs urging the outer phaser in a first direction such that the cage is forced to a position that urges the rollers radially inward into the pockets in the absence of hydraulic fluid.
3. The SOWC of claim 2, wherein applying fluid causes the outer phaser to rotate in a second direction against the application force of the plurality of springs to cause rotation of the cage in the second direction and allow the rollers to move radially outward along side surfaces of the grooves and lock the inner race to the outer race.
4. The SOWC of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of springs in the chamber that force the outer phaser in a first direction such that the cage is forced to a position in the absence of hydraulic fluid that enables the rollers to move radially outward along the side surfaces of the grooves and lock the inner race to the outer race.
5. The SOWC of claim 4, wherein application of fluid causes the outer phaser to rotate in a second direction against the application forces of the plurality of springs to cause rotation of the cage in the second direction and the rollers radially inward in the grooves to enable free rotation of the inner race and the outer race.
6. The SOWC of claim 1, wherein the inner phaser and the lobe are a single, integral component.
7. The SOWC of claim 1, further comprising a back cover mounted to the outer phaser and having a protrusion extending into the cage to mechanically couple the outer phaser to the cage.
8. The SOWC of claim 1, further comprising a sprocket coupled to the outer race, the sprocket having a plurality of teeth configured to engage with a chain that drives the sprocket as an input to the SOWC.
9. The SOWC of claim 8, wherein the inner phaser is integral with the oil pump drive shaft, the oil pump drive shaft extending through the sprocket, wherein operating the SOWC selectively transfers torque from the sprocket to the oil pump drive shaft to drive an oil pump.
10. A switchable one-way clutch (SOWC) comprising:
an inner ring having a plurality of grooves with side surfaces;
an outer race configured to be selectively rotationally fixed to the inner race;
a plurality of rollers disposed in the groove and radially disposed between the inner race and the outer race, wherein radially outward movement of the rollers along the side surfaces engages the outer race with the inner race;
an inner phaser having a plurality of openings extending radially therethrough and a plurality of lobes extending radially outward; and
an outer phaser rotatable relative to the inner phaser and having a plurality of inwardly extending portions, wherein the lobe cooperates with the inwardly extending portions to define a chamber, and wherein the outer phaser is forced to a first position relative to the inner phaser.
Wherein applying hydraulic fluid through the opening and into the chamber causes the outer phaser to rotate to a second position relative to the inner phaser to urge the rollers radially inward in the grooves to allow free rotation between the inner race and the outer race.
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a switchable one-way clutch. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a clutch operable in a first mode in which the clutch is free to rotate in two directions and a second mode in which the clutch functions as a one-way clutch to prevent rotation in one direction. Switching between the first and second modes may be accomplished via hydraulic actuation.
Background
In the automotive industry, one-way clutches are known to transmit torque between an input and an output when the input rotates in one direction relative to the output, and to allow the input to freewheel in the opposite direction. One-way clutches have been used in automatic transmissions and related components to allow an input to drive a driven member while allowing free rotation to occur between the input and the driven member when desired.
It is desirable to be able to selectively control the clutch so that at some times the clutch operates as a one-way clutch and at other times the clutch is allowed to freewheel in both directions. This will allow for selective application of torque through the clutch.
Disclosure of Invention
According to one embodiment, a switchable one-way clutch (SOWC) is configured to operate in a free-wheeling mode and a one-way clutch mode. The SOWC includes an inner race having a plurality of grooves with side surfaces and an outer race. A plurality of rollers are disposed in the grooves and radially between the inner race and the outer race. The cage has a projection configured to selectively contact the rollers and urge the rollers radially inward in the groove. The inner phaser has a plurality of radially outwardly extending lobes. The outer phaser has a plurality of inwardly extending portions defining chambers therebetween, each chamber sized to receive a corresponding one of the lobes of the inner phaser, wherein the outer phaser is mechanically coupled to the cage. Applying hydraulic fluid to the chambers between the inwardly extending portions and the lobes causes the outer phaser to rotate relative to the inner phaser to rotate the cage and cause the rollers to move within the grooves.
In another embodiment, a SOWC includes an inner race having a plurality of grooves with side surfaces, and an outer race configured to be selectively rotationally fixed to the inner race. A plurality of rollers are disposed in the grooves and radially between the inner race and the outer race, wherein movement of the rollers radially outward along the side surfaces engages the outer race with the inner race. The inner phaser has a plurality of openings extending radially therethrough and a plurality of lobes extending radially outward. The outer phaser is rotatable relative to the inner phaser and has a plurality of inwardly extending portions. The lobes cooperate with the inwardly extending portions to define a chamber. The outer phaser is forced to a first position relative to the inner phaser. Applying hydraulic fluid through the openings and into the chamber causes the outer phaser to rotate relative to the inner phaser to a second position to urge the rollers radially inward in the grooves to allow free rotation between the inner race and the outer race.
In yet another embodiment, the SOWC includes an inner race extending along an axis and an outer race extending along the axis. A plurality of rollers are disposed about the axis and radially disposed between the inner race and the outer race. The first phaser has a plurality of openings extending radially therethrough and a plurality of lobes. The second phaser is indirectly connected to the roller, is rotatable relative to the first phaser, and has a plurality of portions extending radially toward the first phaser. The lobes of the first phaser extend radially toward the second phaser and cooperate with portions of the second phaser to define the chambers. Applying hydraulic fluid into the chamber causes the second phaser to rotate relative to the first phaser to cause the rollers to move in a radial direction to shift the SOWC between the free-wheeling mode and the locked mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a switchable one-way clutch according to one embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an assembled perspective view of the switchable one-way clutch of fig. 1, according to one embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a front plan view of the assembled switchable one-way clutch of fig. 2, according to one embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a rear plan view of the assembled switchable one-way clutch of fig. 2, according to one embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3, according to one embodiment.
Fig. 6A is a front view of the switchable one-way clutch of fig. 1 with the front cover omitted for clarity, according to one embodiment. In this view, the switchable one-way clutch is in a free-wheeling mode. Fig. 6B is a rear view of the switchable one-way clutch of fig. 6A.
Fig. 7A is a front view of the switchable one-way clutch of fig. 6A in a locked mode or OWC mode. Fig. 7B is a rear view of the switchable one-way clutch of fig. 7A.
Description of the reference numerals
10 switchable one-way clutch (SOWC) 12
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein. However, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the disclosure are merely examples and that other embodiments may take various alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to scale; some features may be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various features illustrated and described with reference to any one of the figures may be combined with features illustrated in one or more other figures to produce embodiments that are not explicitly illustrated or described. The combination of features shown provides a representative embodiment for typical applications. Various combinations and modifications of these features are consistent with the teachings of the present disclosure, however, it may be desirable to use them in specific applications or embodiments.
Certain terminology is used in the following description for convenience only and is not limiting. The words "front", "back", "up" and "down" indicate directions in the drawings to which reference is made. The words "inwardly" and "outwardly" may refer to directions toward and away from the referenced item in the drawings. The terms "inner" and "outer" may refer to positions toward or away from the central axis of the referenced component. "axial" refers to a direction along the axis of the main shaft or rotating portion. "radial" means extending outwardly from the axis of the spindle or rotating portion along a radial axis. The terminology includes the words above specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import.
In a vehicle transmission, a one-way clutch (OWC) may provide the ability to prevent relative movement between an input shaft and an output shaft in one rotational direction, thereby transferring torque between the input shaft and the output shaft while allowing the input shaft to freely rotate in the opposite direction. In other words, an OWC may allow for relative rotation between two shafts in one direction while preventing rotation between the two shafts in the other direction. Thus, one-way clutches have been used in torque converters and automatic transmissions to allow an input member to drive a driven member while allowing free-wheeling to occur between the input member and the driven member.
A switchable one-way clutch (SOWC) may be a stationary or inactive one-way clutch to allow free rotation in both directions; may also be activated to act as a one-way clutch (OWC) allowing rotation in one direction but preventing rotation in the other direction. In other words, the SOWC provides the ability to selectively activate and deactivate the function of the one-way clutch. Such switchable one-way clutches may be implemented in, for example, a transmission to selectively connect various planetary gear sets. A SOWC (such as the SOWC disclosed herein) is switchable between a "free-wheeling" mode of operation in which the SOWC allows free rotation in two directions, and a "locked" or "OWC" mode of operation in which the SOWC acts as a one-way clutch and allows rotation in one direction but not the other.
According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, switchable one-way clutches (SOWCs) are specifically designed for applications other than those disclosed above. In at least one embodiment, the SOWC is mounted on a common central shaft (e.g., an oil pump drive shaft) in cooperation with a hydraulic switching mechanism (e.g., an inner phaser, an outer phaser, and hydraulic fluid provided thereto). The SOWC-attached structure is described below in the embodiment shown in the figures.
One embodiment of the SOWC 10 of the present disclosure is shown in FIGS. 1-5. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of various components of the SOWC 10, and FIG. 2 is a perspective assembled view of the SOWC 10. FIG. 3 is a front view of the assembled SOWC 10, and FIG. 4 is a rear view of the assembled SOWC 10. Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 3.
Referring generally to these figures, the SOWC 10 includes an
The SOWC 10 also has a plurality of
Switching between the free-wheeling mode and the locked mode is performed by applying hydraulic fluid provided by an external device. The mechanism for performing the switching includes various components shown in the figures and described herein. In general, the hydraulic switching mechanism comprises a "fixed" portion (e.g., the lobes of the central shaft described below) which is an integral part of the
The individual components of the SOWC 10 will now be described along with the functions of the individual components of the SOWC 10 and how the operation of the SOWC is performed using these components.
With respect to
With respect to the
With respect to the
With respect to the spring 54, the spring 54 urges the
With respect to the
The
The SOWC 10 may also include a
In use, hydraulic fluid is applied to change the SOWC 10 between operating in the free-wheeling mode and operating in the locked mode. Hydraulic fluid is applied from an actuator (not shown). When hydraulic fluid is applied, the fluid travels axially through
The SOWC 10 may also include a back cover 58 (also referred to as a back cover phaser) (described above) and a front cover 80 (also referred to as a front cover phaser). Rear cover 58 and
Each
Various other components may also be shown to complete the embodiments shown in the figures. The inner
6A-7B illustrate two modes of SOWC operation, namely a free-wheeling mode and a locked-up mode or OWC mode, according to one embodiment. FIGS. 6A-6B show the SOWC in a free-wheeling mode, and FIGS. 7A-7B show the SOWC in a locked mode or an OWC mode. In the free-wheeling mode in fig. 6A-6B, the spring 94 urges the
The above disclosure describes an embodiment in which the application of fluid causes the outer phaser to rotate such that the rollers move radially inward in the grooves, and the SOWC can operate in a free-wheeling mode. In other words, the SOWC operates normally and is forced such that it operates in the lock-up mode, and the SOWC can only operate in the free-wheeling mode when fluid is applied. The present disclosure is not limited to only this embodiment. In another embodiment, the outer phaser is forced in another direction such that the rollers are forced in a radially inward position to allow the SOWC to operate in a free-wheeling mode. In this embodiment, the application of hydraulic fluid causes the outer phaser to rotate relative to the inner phaser in a manner that the tabs of the cage rotate away from the rollers to allow the rollers to move radially outward and up the side surfaces of the grooves to lock the inner race with the outer race. Thus, in this embodiment, application of hydraulic fluid changes the SOWC from the free-wheeling mode to the locked mode.
While exemplary embodiments are described above, it is not intended that these embodiments describe all possible forms encompassed by the following claims. The words used in the specification are words of description rather than limitation, and it is understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. As previously mentioned, features of the various embodiments may be combined to form further embodiments of the invention not explicitly described or shown. Although various embodiments may have been described as providing advantages over one or more desired characteristics or over other embodiments or prior art implementations, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that one or more features or characteristics may be tailored to achieve desired overall system attributes, which depend on the particular application and implementation. These attributes may include, but are not limited to, cost, strength, durability, life cycle cost, marketability, appearance, packaging, size, serviceability, weight, manufacturability, ease of assembly, and the like. As such, to the extent that any embodiment described as having a desired value below other embodiments or prior art implementations does not depart from the scope of the present disclosure and may be intended for a particular application with respect to one or more characteristics.
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