阅读说明：本技术 一种利用养殖背景和光照的灰海马低质苗养殖方法 (Low-quality Hippocampus grey seedlings cultivation method utilizing cultivation background and illumination ) 是由 张东 刘鑫 林听听 辛茂盛 于 2020-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种利用养殖背景和光照的大规模灰海马低质苗养殖方法,低质灰海马苗在养殖期间将养殖池或桶壁刷成较深色；以及控制光照在200-700lux,每天光照时间不低于14小时。该方法将低质灰海马苗在清水中20日养殖成活率由不足10％提高到70％以上,提高了海马养殖效益。(The invention relates to a method for breeding low-quality seedlings of large-scale gray hippocampus by utilizing breeding background and illumination, wherein the breeding pool or the barrel wall of the low-quality gray hippocampus seedlings is brushed into a darker color during the breeding period; and controlling the illumination at 200-700lux, wherein the illumination time is not less than 14 hours per day. The method improves the survival rate of low-quality Hippocampus japonicus seedlings in clear water from less than 10% to more than 70% in 20 days, and improves the cultivation benefit of Hippocampus japonicus.)

1. A large-scale low-quality seedling culture method of Hippocampus erectus by using culture background and illumination is characterized in that the wall of a culture pond or a container is brushed into dark color during the culture period of the low-quality Hippocampus erectus seedlings, the illumination is controlled at 200-; the darker light reflectance is 15-20%.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said low-quality gray hippocampal fry is: the seedling produced by the parent hippocampus at the later stage of 27-29 degrees or the seedling with the ratio of the width of the middle trunk to the height of the trunk being less than 0.19.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the low-quality hippocampal seedlings have a seedling density of 300-400 tails per cubic water.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the dark color is dark blue or black.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control light at 200lux is: the illumination is 400-700lux after sunrise, the illumination time of the light intensity of 400-700lux is kept for 8-12 hours, and the illumination is not lower than 200lux in the morning and the evening.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the low-quality gray hippocampal fry during culture: the water temperature is controlled at 24-28 ℃, the salinity is not lower than 15 per mill, and EM bacteria and lactic acid bacteria are added into the culture water every day.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the low-quality gray hippocampal fry during culture: feeding the seedlings to copepods with a feeding density of 3-5/ml for 2 times per day at a ratio of 08:00 and 15:00 respectively.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the low-quality gray hippocampal fry during culture: seedling culture pond or bucket 2-6m²The water depth is 60 cm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of cultivation of sea horse seedlings, and particularly relates to a large-scale low-quality sea horse seedling cultivation method by utilizing cultivation background and illumination.

Background

The hippocampus is a traditional rare Chinese medicine. According to statistics, the amount of dry medicine used in China is more than 300 tons every year. Because natural resources in China are exhausted recently, most of the sea horses required by the market at present are imported, the price is increased year by year, the average price exceeds 7000 yuan per kilogram, and the value exceeds 21 billion yuan according to 300 tons imported per year. Because natural resources of the sea horses are seriously damaged, artificial breeding research is carried out in many countries in the world for recovering the resources. In recent five years, the hippocampus culture technology taking Hippocampus (Hippocampus japonicus) as a leading variety in China is developed rapidly, but the large-scale production technology still has many problems, and low quality seedlings and low survival rate in summer culture are one of the main problems to be solved urgently at present.

The sea horse can be bred for many times in one year, and in nature, the breeding season is generally spring and autumn, mainly spring. Under artificial conditions, the seedlings can be bred in four seasons, but the quality of the seedlings is reduced in summer or after continuous breeding for multiple times. Mainly manifested as emaciation or blisters. At present, the sea horse is generally cultivated by clear water. In clear water, the low-quality new seedlings float on the water surface, which affects the ingestion and is more thin and weak or has bubbles; if the new seedlings have no obvious bubbles and float on the water surface, the bubbles are more obvious and all die within 7 days generally. The survival rate of the low-quality seedlings cultured for 20 days is generally less than 10 percent. The large number of low quality seedlings will significantly affect the efficiency of hippocampal culture. Therefore, how to improve the survival rate of the low-quality gray hippocampus fry culture is one of the important problems to be solved in the current hippocampus culture.

The high-quality grey sea horse newborn seedlings have strong adaptability, live in a water body immediately after hatching, can not float on the water surface even if part of the newborn seedlings is on the surface layer, and can completely enter the water body in 1-3 days after hatching, so that bubbles can not appear. In view of this behavioral characteristic, if a new seedling of low quality can be induced into a water body, it will help the seedling to feed, thereby increasing its survival rate. Chinese patent CN201910485564.1 discloses algae aquaculture to achieve this goal. However, the algae cultivation technique is high, the algae phase is not easy to control, and the cultivation effect is not good when the method is adopted by people with low technical level. Therefore, establishing a simpler technology has important significance for low-quality seedling culture of Hippocampus grey sea horses.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a large-scale low-quality hippocampus japonicus breeding method by utilizing breeding background and illumination so as to overcome the defect of low survival rate of low-quality hippocampus japonicus seedling breeding in the prior art.

The inventor researches and discovers that the low-quality seedlings of the hippocampus Grey sea newborn seedlings rarely float on the water surface in a dark container (such as a dark barrel) under the condition of low light intensity, the low-quality seedlings enter the water body, the ingestion is facilitated, and air bubbles in air bladders are not contacted.

The invention provides a method for breeding low-quality seedlings of large-scale gray hippocampus by utilizing breeding background and illumination, wherein the walls of a breeding pool or a container are brushed into dark colors during breeding of the low-quality gray hippocampus seedlings; and controlling the illumination at 200-700lux, wherein the illumination time is not less than 14 hours per day; the reflectivity of the dark color light is 15-20%.

The cultivation is carried out under the condition of being provided with a seedling cultivation system and a cultivation environment, and the Hippocampus erectus seedling cultivation system consists of a cultivation pond, a water inlet and drainage system, an inflation system and a temperature control system.

The low-quality gray hippocampus seedling is a seedling produced in the later stage of the parent hippocampus (a seedling after the sixth time), a seedling produced at the temperature of 27-29 ℃, or a seedling with the ratio of the width of the middle trunk to the height of the trunk being less than 0.19.

The seedling density of the low-quality hippocampus japonicus seedlings is 300-400 tails per cubic water body.

The dark color is dark blue or gray black, etc.

The illumination kept at 200-: the maximum day time is not more than 700lux, the morning and the evening are not less than 200lux, preferably, the illumination time of 400-700lux is kept for 8-12 hours after sunrise, and the illumination time of morning and evening is not less than 200 lux.

The low-quality gray hippocampus seedlings are cultured: the water temperature is controlled at 24-28 ℃, the salinity is not lower than 15 per mill, and EM bacteria and lactic acid bacteria are added into the culture water every day. During the culture period, dead baits and excrement are sucked, water does not need to be changed, and water is supplemented after dirt suction.

The low-quality gray hippocampus seedlings are cultured: feeding the seedlings to copepods with a feeding density of 3-5/ml for 2 times per day at a ratio of 08:00 and 15:00 respectively.

The low-quality gray hippocampus seedlings are cultured: seedling culture pond or bucket 2-6m²The water depth is 60 cm.

Advantageous effects

The invention utilizes the behavior characteristic that the low-quality seedlings of the gray sea horses enter the water body under the conditions of a darker background barrel, a darker background pool and weak illumination, can improve the cultivation survival rate of 20 days in clear water from less than 10 percent to more than 70 percent, and improves the cultivation benefit of the sea horses.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.