Displacement sensor and displacement monitoring device based on fiber bragg grating sensing
阅读说明:本技术 基于光纤光栅传感的位移传感器及位移监测装置 (Displacement sensor and displacement monitoring device based on fiber bragg grating sensing ) 是由 刘凯 叶仲韬 胡俊亮 梅秀道 郭翠翠 王金霞 史雪峰 王鸣辉 周浩 李明 王胡鹏 于 2020-05-12 设计创作,主要内容包括:本申请涉及基于光纤光栅传感的位移传感器及位移监测装置,包括外壳、旋转轴、推杆、导向机构、转动组件,外壳内部设有两个等强度梁,各等强度梁上均设有应变光栅,两应变光栅通过光纤串联并与光纤光栅解调仪相连;旋转轴穿设于外壳上并与外壳转动连接,旋转轴垂直连接套杆;旋转轴上设有齿轮;推杆上设有齿条,齿条与齿轮啮合,推杆两端分别与两等强度梁的自由端接触;导向机构与推杆连接,并用于引导推杆在垂直于旋转轴轴向的方向上自外壳的一侧壁朝另一侧壁做直线运动;转动组件一端用于固定设置,并可绕该端转动;另一端活动地插接于套杆内,并用于驱动旋转轴绕自身轴线转动以使齿轮驱动推杆往复运动。本申请具有长期可靠性和稳定性的优点。(The displacement sensor comprises a shell, a rotating shaft, a push rod, a guide mechanism and a rotating assembly, wherein two equal-strength beams are arranged in the shell, strain gratings are arranged on the equal-strength beams, and the two strain gratings are connected in series through optical fibers and connected with a fiber grating demodulator; the rotating shaft penetrates through the shell and is rotationally connected with the shell, and the rotating shaft is vertically connected with the loop bar; a gear is arranged on the rotating shaft; the push rod is provided with a rack which is meshed with the gear, and two ends of the push rod are respectively contacted with the free ends of the two equal-strength beams; the guide mechanism is connected with the push rod and used for guiding the push rod to do linear motion from one side wall of the shell to the other side wall in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft; one end of the rotating component is fixedly arranged and can rotate around the end; the other end is movably inserted in the loop bar and is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft so as to drive the gear to drive the push rod to reciprocate. The method has the advantages of long-term reliability and stability.)
1. Displacement sensor based on fiber grating sensing, its characterized in that, it includes:
the device comprises a shell (1), wherein two equal-strength beams (6) which are arranged at intervals are arranged in the shell, strain gratings (7) are arranged on each equal-strength beam (6), and the two strain gratings (7) are connected in series through optical fibers (8) and are used for being connected with a fiber grating demodulator;
the rotating shaft (2) penetrates through the shell (1) and is rotatably connected with the shell (1), and one end, penetrating through the shell (1), of the rotating shaft (2) is vertically connected with a hollow loop bar (3); a gear (4) is arranged on the rotating shaft (2), and the gear (4) is positioned in the shell (1);
the push rod (5) is provided with a rack (50) arranged along the length direction of the push rod, the rack (50) is meshed with the gear (4), and two ends of the push rod (5) are respectively contacted with the free ends of the two equal-strength beams (6);
the guide mechanism (10) is positioned in the shell (1) and connected with the push rod (5), and the guide mechanism (10) is used for guiding the push rod (5) to do reciprocating linear motion from one side wall of the shell (1) to the other side wall in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (2);
a rotating component (11), one end of which is used for being fixedly arranged and can rotate around the end; the other end of the driving shaft is movably inserted in the loop bar (3) and is used for driving the rotating shaft (2) to rotate around the axis of the driving shaft so that the gear (4) drives the push rod (5) to reciprocate.
2. The fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein:
the guide mechanism (10) comprises two first upright columns (100) assembled in the shell (1), the two first upright columns (100) are respectively positioned at two sides of the rotating shaft (2), and guide holes are formed in the first upright columns (100);
two ends of the push rod (5) respectively movably penetrate through the guide holes of the corresponding first upright posts (100), and the rack (50) is positioned between the two first upright posts (100).
3. The fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein: the guide mechanism (10) comprises a guide rail assembled on the bottom wall of the shell (1), and the push rod (5) is movably assembled on the guide rail.
4. The fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein: the guide mechanism (10) comprises a guide rail assembled on the top wall of the shell (1), and the push rod (5) is movably assembled on the guide rail.
5. The fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein: still be equipped with temperature compensation grating (9) in shell (1), temperature compensation grating (9) pass through optic fibre (8) with strain grating (7) are established ties.
6. The fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein: the length direction of the equal-strength beam (6) is approximately vertical to the linear motion direction of the push rod (5).
7. The fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein: the rotating assembly (11) comprises a fixing plate (110), a universal ball seat (111) and a conduction shaft (112), wherein the universal ball seat (111) is connected with the fixing plate (110), one end of the conduction shaft (112) is connected with the universal ball seat (111), and the other end of the conduction shaft is inserted into the sleeve rod (3).
8. The fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein: an anti-falling part for preventing the loop bar (3) and the rotating assembly (11) from being separated from each other is arranged between the loop bar (3) and the rotating assembly (11).
9. The fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor of claim 8, wherein: the anti-falling piece is an elastic body (12), the elastic body (12) is fixedly arranged in the loop bar (3), and one end of the rotating component (11) positioned in the loop bar (3) is connected with the elastic body (12).
10. A displacement monitoring device, comprising:
a fiber grating demodulator;
the fiber grating based sensing displacement sensor of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the optical fiber (8) extends out of the housing (1) and is connected to the fiber grating demodulator.
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a displacement sensor and a displacement monitoring device based on fiber grating sensing.
Background
The bridge will shift to some extent under the influence of the upper running load, temperature effect, structure dead weight and other factors. In the long-term use process of the bridge, the displacement of the bridge caused by external force is the most serious, for example, the displacement of the bridge caused by the extreme load (such as unbalanced load running of a large number of heavy vehicles), the braking force of an automobile, the centrifugal force and the like borne by the bridge can directly cause the damage of a bridge limiting device, the damage of a beam stop block and the displacement of the beam, the operation safety of the bridge is seriously influenced, and even the collapse accident of the bridge can occur.
The displacement degree of the bridge can be reflected by monitoring the displacement of the lower support.
Early detect bridge beam supports, adopt artifical periodic detection mode usually, look over bridge beam supports's running state through artifical periodic inspection, adopt and visualize, shoot or unmanned aerial vehicle patrols and examines means such as shoot, investigate bridge beam supports situation, these means can't accomplish real-time all, and the accuracy also relies on staff's experience seriously.
At present, electronic displacement meters are mainly adopted for detecting bridge supports to realize online monitoring, for the monitoring equipment, on one hand, the electronic displacement meters are arranged on a bridge site and need to be powered, on the other hand, the electronic displacement meters are arranged outdoors and are provided with electricity, so that the electronic displacement meters are easy to be subjected to electromagnetic interference and lightning stroke, and on the other hand, the defect of insufficient sampling frequency exists. Therefore, the electronic displacement meter has many disadvantages such as poor long-term reliability and stability.
Therefore, the sensor specially used for monitoring the displacement of the bridge bearing is developed, and the sensor has very important significance for monitoring the unbalance loading degree of the bridge bearing in a long-term, real-time and dynamic manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a displacement sensor and a displacement monitoring device based on fiber grating sensing to solve the defects of long-term reliability and poor stability existing in the related art.
In a first aspect, a displacement sensor based on fiber grating sensing is provided, which includes:
the optical fiber grating demodulator comprises a shell, a grating sensor and a grating sensor, wherein two equal-strength beams are arranged in the shell at intervals, each equal-strength beam is provided with a strain grating, and the two strain gratings are connected in series through an optical fiber and are used for being connected with the optical fiber grating demodulator;
the rotating shaft penetrates through the shell and is rotationally connected with the shell, and one end of the rotating shaft, which penetrates through the shell, is vertically connected with a hollow loop bar; a gear is arranged on the rotating shaft and is positioned in the shell;
the push rod is provided with a rack arranged along the length direction of the push rod, the rack is meshed with the gear, and two ends of the push rod are respectively contacted with the free ends of the two equal-strength beams;
the guide mechanism is positioned in the shell and connected with the push rod, and the guide mechanism is used for guiding the push rod to do reciprocating linear motion from one side wall of the shell to the other side wall in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft;
one end of the rotating component is fixedly arranged and can rotate around the end; the other end of the gear is movably inserted in the loop bar and is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft so as to drive the gear to drive the push rod to reciprocate.
In some embodiments, the guide mechanism includes two first vertical columns assembled in the housing, the two first vertical columns are respectively located at two sides of the rotating shaft, and the first vertical columns are provided with guide holes;
the two ends of the push rod respectively movably penetrate through the guide holes of the corresponding first stand columns, and the rack is located between the two first stand columns.
In some embodiments, the guide mechanism includes a guide rail assembled on the bottom wall of the housing, and the push rod is movably assembled on the guide rail.
In some embodiments, the guide mechanism includes a guide rail assembled on the top wall of the housing, and the push rod is movably assembled on the guide rail.
In some embodiments, a temperature compensation grating is further disposed within the housing, and the temperature compensation grating is connected in series with the strain grating via the optical fiber.
In some embodiments, the length direction of the constant-strength beam is substantially perpendicular to the linear motion direction of the push rod.
In some embodiments, the rotating assembly includes a fixed plate, a universal ball seat connected to the fixed plate, and a conductive shaft having one end connected to the universal ball seat and the other end inserted into the sleeve rod.
In some embodiments, a separation preventing member for preventing the sleeve rod and the rotating assembly from separating from each other is disposed between the sleeve rod and the rotating assembly.
In some embodiments, the anti-slip member is an elastic body, the elastic body is fixedly arranged in the sleeve rod, and one end of the rotating assembly, which is located in the sleeve rod, is connected with the elastic body.
In a second aspect, there is provided a displacement monitoring device comprising:
a fiber grating demodulator;
according to any one of the displacement sensors based on fiber bragg grating sensing, the optical fiber penetrates out of the shell and is connected with the fiber bragg grating demodulator.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
the embodiment of the application provides a displacement sensor and displacement monitoring devices based on fiber grating sensing, when using, on being fixed in the bottom surface of roof on the support with rotating assembly's top, on being fixed in the support bottom plate top surface with the shell. When relative movement occurs between the upper top plate of the support and the lower bottom plate of the support, the top end of the rotating component moves along with the upper top plate of the support, the rotating component can rotate around the end, so that the sleeve rod can be driven to rotate, and further the rotating shaft is driven to rotate, so that the gear fixed on the rotating shaft rotates, under the pushing action of the gear, the rack meshed with the gear moves, and further the push rod is driven to displace, the equal-strength beam is driven to strain by the push rod, the strain of the equal-strength beam is sensed by the strain grating attached to the equal-strength beam, and the strain signal is transmitted to the fiber grating demodulator through the optical fiber, and the support displacement is obtained by sensing the strain of the equal-strength beam.
Therefore, the displacement sensor provided by the embodiment adopts an optical fiber sensing technology, and on one hand, power supply is not needed on site, so that electromagnetic interference and lightning stroke influence are avoided; on the other hand, the main material of the optical fiber is silicon dioxide, which is a substance with high insulation and stable chemical performance, thereby further avoiding the influence of lightning stroke; in the third aspect, the sampling frequency of the displacement sensor is determined by the fiber grating demodulator, the displacement sensor is connected with the fiber grating demodulator when in use, and the high sampling frequency can be selected by the fiber grating demodulator, so that the long-term stability and the reliability of the sensor are greatly improved, and the displacement sensor is particularly suitable for being applied in the field environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a displacement sensor based on fiber grating sensing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor mounted on a support according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a fiber grating sensing-based displacement sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a rotating shaft; 3. a loop bar; 4. a gear; 5. a push rod; 50. a rack; 6. a beam of equal strength; 7. strain gratings; 8. an optical fiber; 9. a temperature compensation grating; 10. a guide mechanism; 100. a first upright post; 11. a rotating assembly; 110. a fixing plate; 111. a universal ball seat; 112. a conductive shaft; 113. a housing; 114. a sphere; 115. a ball bearing; 12. an elastomer; 13. a top plate is arranged on the support; 14. a lower bottom plate of the support; 15. a bearing; 16. and a second upright.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a displacement sensor based on fiber grating sensing, which can overcome the defects of long-term reliability and poor stability in the related art.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the displacement sensor based on fiber bragg grating sensing includes a
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, two equal-
referring to fig. 1, a
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a
referring to fig. 1, one end of the rotating
The principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
referring to fig. 3 in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2, in use, the top end of the rotating
Therefore, the displacement sensor provided by the embodiment adopts an optical fiber sensing technology, and on one hand, power supply is not needed on site, so that electromagnetic interference and lightning stroke influence are avoided; on the other hand, the main material of the optical fiber is silicon dioxide, which is a substance with high insulation and stable chemical performance, thereby further avoiding the influence of lightning stroke; in the third aspect, the sampling frequency of the displacement sensor is determined by the fiber grating demodulator, and is connected with the fiber grating demodulator when in use, and the high sampling frequency can be selected by the fiber grating demodulator, and generally, the sampling frequency can reach hundreds of Hz. Therefore, the long-term stability and the reliability of the sensor are greatly improved, the sensor is particularly suitable for being applied in the field environment, displacement data can be continuously collected for a long time, and real-time long-term monitoring of support displacement is realized.
In addition, the displacement of the support is converted into the strain of the equal-strength beam, the corresponding relation between the displacement of the support and the strain of the equal-strength beam is a simple linear corresponding relation, and a calculation formula can be quickly obtained according to related parameters, so that the displacement of the support is quickly obtained.
In order to facilitate the connection between the
Because the upper top plate 13 and the lower bottom plate 14 of the support are relatively moved under the action of load, the rotating
Referring to fig. 2, in some preferred embodiments, the guiding
In some preferred embodiments, the guiding
In some preferred embodiments, the guiding
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some preferred embodiments, a temperature compensation grating 9 is further disposed in the
Referring to fig. 1, in some preferred embodiments, the length direction of the constant-
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in some preferred embodiments, the rotating
More specifically, referring to fig. 4, the
In some preferred embodiments, a retaining member for preventing the
Referring to fig. 4, in some preferred embodiments, the anti-slip member is an
Of course, in other embodiments, the anti-slip element includes a first stopper and a second stopper, which are engaged with each other, the first stopper is disposed on the inner wall of the
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some preferred embodiments, a pair of opposite side walls of the
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some preferred embodiments, two second
The application also provides a displacement monitoring device, and it includes fiber grating demodulation appearance and as above arbitrary displacement sensor based on fiber grating sensing, and
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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