Ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on aerial mooring platform
阅读说明：本技术 一种基于空中系留平台的海洋蒸发波导探测系统 (Ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on aerial mooring platform ) 是由 王心鹏 薄文波 朱先德 吴宝勤 王光杰 董涛 赵建锐 门雅彬 孔佑迪 赵辰冰 于 2020-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种基于空中系留平台的海洋蒸发波导探测系统,包括：一个温湿压廓线测量模块、一个船载接收终端和一个数据处理模块。温湿压廓线测量模块在待测海域完成气象参数、海水表皮温度测量,船载接收终端与温湿压廓线测量模块间进行测量数据和控制指令的收发,数据处理模块通过计算获取蒸发波导高度和强度参数。本发明技术方案,能够解决现有技术中海洋蒸发波导的快速探测,实现不同预测模型适应性的有效评估,提高海洋蒸发波导探测的准确度。(The invention provides an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform, which comprises: the system comprises a temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module, a shipborne receiving terminal and a data processing module. The temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module is used for measuring meteorological parameters and seawater skin temperature in a sea area to be measured, the shipborne receiving terminal and the temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module are used for receiving and transmitting measurement data and control instructions, and the data processing module is used for obtaining evaporation waveguide height and strength parameters through calculation. According to the technical scheme, the problem of rapid detection of the marine evaporation waveguide in the prior art can be solved, effective evaluation of adaptability of different prediction models is realized, and the accuracy of detection of the marine evaporation waveguide is improved.)
1. An airborne tethered platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system, comprising: the system comprises a warm-wet pressure profile measuring module (100), a ship-borne receiving terminal (200) and a data processing module (300);
warm and humid pressure profile measurement module (100) for at the sea area that awaits measuring to meteorological parameter, sea water epidermis temperature collection, it includes: the system comprises a group of meteorological measuring units (110), a group of infrared measuring units (120), a group of main control units (130), a water-absorbing floating body (140), a group of hauling ropes (150) and an aerial mooring platform (160);
the meteorological measuring unit (110), the infrared measuring unit (120) and the water-absorbing floating body (140) are carried by the aerial mooring platform (160) through the hauling rope (150) to lift off, the aerial mooring platform (160) descends after reaching the sea area to be measured, the water-absorbing floating body (140) is arranged in the sea, and after absorbing water, the water-absorbing floating body (140) floats on the sea surface of the sea area to be measured and forms a hauling effect on the meteorological measuring unit (110) and the infrared measuring unit (120) through the hauling rope (150); the meteorological measuring unit (110) sequentially measures meteorological parameters within a preset height and the seawater skin temperature acquired by the infrared measuring unit (120) and outputs the meteorological parameters and the seawater skin temperature to the main control unit (130);
the on-board receiving terminal (200) is provided on a survey vessel, and includes: a set of on-board receiving radio stations (210) and a set of on-board receiving antennas (220);
the data processing module (300) comprising: an evaporation waveguide data processing sub-module (310) and a prediction model calculation sub-module (320);
the evaporation waveguide data processing submodule (310) performs data processing on the meteorological parameters of the sea area to be detected and the seawater skin temperature acquired by the temperature-humidity pressure profile measuring module (100), and calculates an atmosphere correction refractive index profile and an evaporation waveguide parameter value;
and the prediction model calculation sub-module (320) calculates the predicted values of the atmospheric correction refractive index profile and the evaporation waveguide parameters based on a set prediction model algorithm.
2. The airborne tethered platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system of claim 1, wherein the meteorological measurement unit (110) comprises: a set of first temperature sensors (111), a set of humidity sensors (112), a set of first barometric pressure sensors (113), a set of first control and wireless communication units (114), a set of first antennas (115), a set of first batteries (116);
after the first temperature sensor (111), the humidity sensor (112) and the first air pressure sensor (113) respectively collect temperature parameters, humidity parameters and air pressure parameters in a preset height, the temperature parameters, the humidity parameters and the air pressure parameters are sent to the main control unit (130) through the first control and wireless communication unit (114) and the first antenna (115).
3. The airborne tethered platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system of claim 2 wherein the number of meteorological measurement units (110) is 12.
4. The airborne tethered platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system of claim 1 wherein said infrared measurement unit (120) comprises: a group of second temperature sensors (121), a group of infrared temperature measuring sensors (122), a group of second air pressure sensors (123), a group of second control and wireless communication units (124), a group of second antennas (125) and a group of second batteries (126);
the second temperature sensor (121) and the second air pressure sensor (123) respectively collect temperature parameters and air pressure parameters in a preset height, the infrared temperature measuring sensor (122) collects seawater skin temperature data from different heights, and the seawater skin temperature data are sent to the main control unit (130) through the second control and wireless communication unit (124) and the second antenna (125).
5. The airborne tethered platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system of claim 4, wherein the number of infrared measurement units (120) is 3.
6. The aerial mooring platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system of claim 1, wherein the main control unit (130) is arranged below the aerial mooring platform (160) and is used for receiving meteorological parameters and infrared measurement data of different height layers of the sea area to be detected, adding longitude and latitude positioning information, and transmitting the longitude and latitude positioning information to a shipborne receiving end (200) in real time.
7. The airborne tethered platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system of claim 1 wherein the water-absorbing float (140) comprises: a water absorption unit (141), a group of airbags (142), a plastic instrument cabin (143), a watertight switch (144), a unhooking unit (145), a group of outage keeping electromagnets (146), an upper cover plate (147), a group of third antennas (148) and a counterweight hanging ring (149);
the water absorption floating body (140) floats in seawater under the combined action of the water absorption unit (141) and the air bag (142) and forms traction for the meteorological measuring unit (110), the infrared measuring unit (120) and the aerial mooring platform (160);
the power-off keeping type electromagnet (146) is electromagnetically connected with the traction rope (150), and the third antenna (148) and the unhooking unit (145) receive a wireless control instruction to realize the separation of the water-absorbing floating body (140) and the traction rope (150).
8. The airborne tethered platform-based marine evaporation waveguide probe system of claim 1 wherein said airborne tethered platform (160) is a remotely controlled airship or drone.
9. The airborne tethered platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system of claim 1, wherein the thermo-wet pressure profile measurement module (100) is configured for data transmission via wireless communication.
10. The aerial mooring platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation waveguide data processing sub-module (310) determines heights of different measurement data based on an isothermal atmospheric pressure high equation, performs data quality control based on a 3 sigma criterion to obtain temperature, humidity and air pressure measurement values of corresponding height layers, obtains an atmospheric correction refractive index of the corresponding height, and obtains a fitting profile using a log linear least square algorithm to obtain the height and strength of the evaporation waveguide; the prediction model calculation sub-module (320) calculates the predicted values of the atmospheric correction refractive index profile and the evaporation waveguide parameter based on a set prediction model algorithm; and comparing the atmospheric correction refractive index profile, the predicted value of the evaporative waveguide parameter and the calculation result of the data processing submodule (310) to realize the evaluation of the adaptability of different prediction models.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, in particular to an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform.
Background
Evaporative waveguides are often present in the sub-atmospheric structure of the marine atmospheric boundary layer, which results from sea surface water vapor evaporation caused by sea-gas interactions under specific meteorological hydrographic conditions. The sea surface atmosphere humidity forms a large humidity vertical gradient change along with the sharp reduction of the height, and belongs to a special surface waveguide type without a base layer, and the height of an evaporation waveguide is usually below 40 meters. The evaporation waveguide is an important environmental factor causing the marine radar detection and communication system not to work normally, can capture radio waves above 30MHz, and can propagate to a sight distance range with very low attenuation. For a radar system, the evaporation waveguide can form a radar cavity to generate a blind area, and radar beams can also generate over-the-horizon propagation to increase the radar action distance.
In order to enable the working performance of systems such as marine radar, communication and navigation under different marine climate conditions to be fully exerted, the occurrence rule and the detection method of the evaporation waveguide must be researched, so that the characteristics of the evaporation waveguide can be effectively evaluated. According to the basic principle that the structure of the evaporation waveguide can be represented by an atmosphere modified refractive index profile, the appearance and characteristics of the evaporation waveguide can be obtained by measuring temperature and humidity pressure parameters of layers with different heights of the atmosphere, so that the temperature and humidity pressure profile detection technology needs to be researched, the rapid measurement of the height, strength and other parameters of the evaporation waveguide is realized, and the requirements of ocean investigation, scientific research, military application and the like are met.
Currently, the important parameters of the evaporation waveguide are obtained, which mainly include: 1. constructing an evaporation waveguide prediction model, and diagnosing the evaporation waveguide correction refractive index profile and height by using meteorological parameters and a near-stratum similarity theory; 2. Measuring data of different height layers by using a meteorological parameter sensor, and obtaining an atmosphere correction refractive index profile by a fitting method so as to obtain the height and the strength of the evaporation waveguide; 3. and (3) inverting the radar sea clutter data to obtain an atmosphere correction refractive index profile so as to obtain evaporation waveguide parameters. In practical application, the three methods are good and bad, and different methods are needed according to different use conditions.
Therefore, how to provide a marine evaporation waveguide detection system, how to solve the rapid detection of marine evaporation waveguides in the prior art, realize effective evaluation of different prediction model adaptability, and improve the accuracy of marine evaporation waveguide detection becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an aerial mooring platform-based ocean evaporation waveguide detection system, which can solve the problem of rapid detection of ocean evaporation waveguides in the prior art, realize effective evaluation of adaptability of different prediction models and improve the accuracy of ocean evaporation waveguide detection.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform, including: a warm and humid pressure profile measuring module 100, an onboard receiving terminal 200 and a data processing module 300.
Temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module 100 is used for collecting meteorological parameters and seawater skin temperature in the sea area to be measured, and comprises: a set of meteorological measurement units 110, a set of infrared measurement units 120, a set of master control units 130, a water-absorbing buoy 140, a set of tow ropes 150, and an aerial mooring platform 160.
Wherein, the meteorological measuring unit 110, the infrared measuring unit 120 and the water-absorbing floating body 140 are carried by the aerial mooring platform 160 through the hauling rope 150 to ascend, the aerial mooring platform 160 descends after reaching the sea area to be measured, and the water-absorbing floating body 140 is distributed in the sea water; after absorbing water, the water-absorbing floating body 140 floats on the sea surface of the sea area to be measured, and forms a traction effect on the meteorological measuring unit 110 and the infrared measuring unit 120 through the traction rope 150; the weather measuring unit 110 sequentially measures weather parameters within a predetermined height and the skin temperature of the seawater obtained by the infrared measuring unit 120 and outputs to the main control unit 130.
The on-board receiving terminal 200 is provided on the survey vessel, and includes: a set of on-board receiving stations 210 and a set of on-board receiving antennas 220.
A data processing module 300 comprising: an evaporation waveguide data processing sub-module 310 and a predictive model calculation sub-module 320.
The evaporation waveguide data processing submodule 310 performs data processing on the meteorological parameters of the sea area to be measured and the sea water skin temperature acquired by the temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module 100, and calculates the atmospheric correction refractive index profile and the evaporation waveguide parameter value through the measured data; the prediction model calculation sub-module 320 calculates the atmospheric correction refractive index profile and the predicted value of the evaporation waveguide parameter based on a set prediction model calculation method.
Further, the meteorological measurement unit 110 includes: a set of first temperature sensors 111, a set of humidity sensors 112, a set of first air pressure sensors 113, a set of first control and wireless communication units 114, a set of first antennas 115, a set of first batteries 116. After the first temperature sensor 111, the first humidity sensor 112 and the first air pressure sensor 113 respectively collect temperature parameters, humidity parameters and air pressure parameters within a predetermined height, the temperature parameters, the humidity parameters and the air pressure parameters are transmitted to the main control unit 130 through the first control and wireless communication unit 114 and the first antenna 115.
Further, the number of the weather measuring units 110 is 12.
Further, the infrared measurement unit 120 includes: a set of second temperature sensors 121, a set of infrared temperature sensors 122, a set of second barometric pressure sensors 123, a set of second control and wireless communication units 124, a set of second antennas 125, and a set of second batteries 126;
the second temperature sensor 121 and the second air pressure sensor 123 respectively collect temperature parameters and air pressure parameters within a predetermined height, the infrared temperature measuring sensor 122 collects seawater skin temperature data from different heights, and the seawater skin temperature data is sent to the main control unit 130 through the second control and wireless communication unit 124 and the second antenna 125.
Further, the number of the infrared measurement units 120 is 3.
Further, the main control unit 130 is disposed below the aerial mooring platform 160, and is configured to receive meteorological parameters and infrared measurement data of different height layers of the sea area to be measured, add longitude and latitude positioning information, and send the information to the shipborne receiving terminal 200 in real time.
Further, the water absorbing float 140 includes: a set of
The water-absorbing floating body 140 floats in seawater under the combined action of the water-absorbing
Further, the airborne tethered platform 160 is a remote control airship or drone.
Further, the warm-wet pressure profile measuring module 100 performs data transmission with the main control unit 130 through wireless communication.
Further, the evaporation waveguide data processing sub-module 310 determines heights of different measurement data based on an isothermal atmospheric pressure high equation, performs data quality control based on a 3 sigma criterion to obtain temperature, humidity and air pressure measurement values of corresponding height layers, obtains an atmospheric correction refractive index of the corresponding height, and obtains a fitting profile by using a logarithmic linear minimum quadratic mean algorithm to obtain the height and the intensity of the evaporation waveguide; the prediction model calculation submodule 320 calculates the predicted values of the atmospheric correction refractive index profile and the evaporation waveguide parameters based on a set prediction model algorithm; and comparing the atmospheric correction refractive index profile, the predicted value of the evaporative waveguide parameter and the calculation result of the data processing submodule 310 to realize the evaluation of the adaptability of different prediction models.
The beneficial effects brought by the invention are as follows:
in view of the above, in an embodiment of the present invention, an ocean evaporative waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform includes: the system comprises a temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module, a shipborne receiving terminal and a data processing module. The temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module is used for measuring meteorological parameters and seawater skin temperature in a sea area to be measured, the shipborne receiving terminal and the temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module are used for receiving and sending measurement data and control instructions, and the data processing module is used for obtaining evaporation waveguide height and strength parameters through calculation. According to the technical scheme, the problem of rapid detection of the ocean evaporation waveguide in the prior art can be solved, effective evaluation of adaptability of different prediction models is realized, and the accuracy of ocean evaporation waveguide detection is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a meteorological measurement unit of an aerial mooring platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an infrared measurement unit of an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-absorbing floating body of an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 shows a structural diagram of a water-absorbing floating body of an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein the reference numbers are as follows:
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Currently, the acquisition of the evaporative waveguide parameters mainly includes: the method comprises the steps of obtaining evaporation waveguide parameters by a sonde, obtaining the evaporation waveguide parameters by an atmospheric profile temperature and humidity pressure parameter acquisition system and obtaining the evaporation waveguide parameters by a meteorological observation tower.
The method comprises the steps that a sounding instrument obtains evaporation waveguide parameters, a rocket sounding instrument or a balloon sounding instrument is mainly used for measuring the temperature, the humidity and the pressure of air respectively, and the measurement of the atmospheric correction refractive index is completed by utilizing the measurement principle through the air temperature, the humidity and the air pressure data of different heights in a sea air boundary layer obtained by the sounding instrument in the ascending process, so that the waveguide parameters are obtained.
The atmospheric profile temperature and humidity pressure parameter acquisition system consists of a captive balloon, a coordinator, a receiving terminal and at least one group of acquisition units; at least one group of acquisition units are sequentially tied on a mooring rope of the mooring balloon; the acquisition unit comprises a router and a plurality of acquisition nodes which are sequentially connected in a fastening mode, the acquisition nodes are used for acquiring three meteorological parameters of temperature, humidity and air pressure of an atmospheric profile at the height of the acquisition nodes, and the router is used for collecting the meteorological parameters acquired by all the acquisition nodes of the unit where the router is located; the coordinator is wirelessly networked with the routers of the acquisition units, and receives the meteorological parameters collected by the routers and forwards the meteorological parameters to the receiving terminal. The system can acquire three meteorological parameters of atmospheric temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure of the same longitude and latitude sea surface in real time, and forecast the occurrence time and the region of the atmospheric waveguide.
The meteorological observation tower obtains evaporation waveguide parameters, and mainly utilizes the seaside meteorological observation tower to measure, and the supports are stretched out on different heights of the tower, and the meteorological observation instrument is installed on the supports, and the meteorological observation result can represent the actual condition of free air at the height, and the meteorological observation instrument is installed on one end of the support far away from the tower body, so as to avoid the influence of the tower body on the meteorological factors such as air temperature and wind around the meteorological observation instrument. The iron tower is provided with observation platforms on different layers, and each layer is provided with a sensor for measuring meteorological elements such as air temperature, humidity, air pressure and the like, so that observation data on different heights can be obtained. The measurement result is transmitted to a ground computer by a cable for data processing, so that the automation of observation and data processing is realized. The observation iron tower is a low-level atmosphere comprehensive detection system, integrates a plurality of layers and multi-parameter observation systems, and realizes comprehensive automatic observation of atmosphere parameters within a certain height.
The embodiment of the invention provides an aerial mooring platform-based marine evaporation waveguide detection system, which can solve the problem of rapid detection of marine evaporation waveguides in the prior art, realize effective evaluation of adaptability of different prediction models and improve the accuracy of marine evaporation waveguide detection.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ocean evaporative waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 1, an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform comprises:
a warm and humid pressure profile measuring module 100, an on-board receiving terminal 200 and a data processing module 300.
Temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module 100 is used for collecting meteorological parameters and seawater skin temperature in the sea area to be measured, and comprises: a set of meteorological measurement units 110, a set of infrared measurement units 120, a set of master control units 130, a water-absorbing buoy 140, a set of tow ropes 150, and an aerial mooring platform 160.
The meteorological measuring unit 110, the infrared measuring unit 120 and the water-absorbing floating body 140 are lifted by the aerial mooring platform 160 carried by the hauling rope 150, the aerial mooring platform 160 descends after reaching the sea area to be detected, and the water-absorbing floating body 140 is arranged in the sea water; after absorbing water, the water-absorbing floating body 140 floats on the sea surface of the sea area to be measured, and forms a traction effect on the meteorological measurement unit 110 and the infrared measurement unit 120 through the traction rope 150; the weather measuring unit 110 sequentially measures weather parameters within a predetermined height and the skin temperature of the seawater obtained by the infrared measuring unit 120 and outputs to the main control unit 130.
In the embodiment of the invention, the temperature-humidity-pressure profile measuring module 100 can measure the temperature, the relative humidity and the air pressure parameters of different height layers within the height range of 40 meters on the sea surface, and the spatial resolution of the measured data on the vertical section is high. The infrared measurement unit 120 can complete the measurement of the skin temperature of the seawater. Meanwhile, the measurement data is transmitted to the on-board receiver 200 in real time in a wireless communication manner through the main control unit 130 installed on the airborne mooring platform 160.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a meteorological measurement unit of an ocean evaporative waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 2, the weather measurement unit 110 includes: a set of first temperature sensors 111, a set of humidity sensors 112, a set of first barometric pressure sensors 113, a set of first control and wireless communication units 114, a set of first antennas 115, a set of first batteries 116. The first temperature sensor 111, the humidity sensor 112 and the first air pressure sensor 113 respectively collect temperature parameters, humidity parameters and air pressure parameters within a predetermined height, and transmit the temperature parameters, the humidity parameters and the air pressure parameters to the main control unit 130 through the first control and wireless communication unit 114 and the first antenna 115.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an infrared measurement unit of an ocean evaporative waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 3, the infrared measurement unit 120 includes: a set of second temperature sensors 121, a set of infrared temperature measurement sensors 122, a set of second air pressure sensors 123, a set of second control and wireless communication units 124, a set of second antennas 125, and a set of second batteries 126;
the second temperature sensor 121 and the second air pressure sensor 123 respectively collect temperature parameters and air pressure parameters within a predetermined height, the infrared temperature measuring sensor 122 collects seawater skin temperature data from different heights, and the seawater skin temperature data is sent to the main control unit 130 through the second control and wireless communication unit 124 and the second antenna 125.
In one implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the meteorological measuring units 110 is 12. The number of the infrared measurement units 120 is 3.
Because only the meteorological environment within the height range of 40m of the sea surface is measured, the environmental parameter change is small, and the real profile structure is difficult to measure if the measurement precision is not high. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of the sensors is improved as much as possible, and the error of each sensor in the meteorological measurement unit 110 is determined as follows: the error of the first temperature sensor should not exceed +/-0.5 ℃, the error of the humidity sensor should not exceed +/-3 percent, and the error of the first air pressure sensor should not exceed +/-1 hPa.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the main control unit 130 is disposed below the aerial mooring platform 160, and is configured to receive meteorological parameters and infrared measurement data of different height layers of the sea area to be measured, add longitude and latitude positioning information, and send the information to the shipborne receiving end 200 in real time. The temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module 100 performs data transmission with the main control unit 130 in a wireless communication manner.
12 meteorological measuring units 110 (for example, the number of the first temperature sensor 111, the humidity sensor 112 and the first air pressure sensor 113 is 12 respectively) and 3 infrared measuring units 120 are suspended on the hauling cable 150 at a certain interval, and after the aerial mooring platform 160 lifts off with the meteorological measuring units 110 and the infrared measuring units 120, the measurement data is transmitted to the main control unit 130. The main control unit 130 synchronously receives the transmission data of each measurement unit, encapsulates the transmission data according to a specified frame structure, and sends the encapsulated transmission data to the shipborne receiving end 200.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the airborne mooring platform 160 is a remote control airship or an unmanned aerial vehicle. When the field wind speed is low, a remote control airship is used, and when the wind speed is high, an unmanned aerial vehicle is used; the two platforms can be manually controlled to complete the adjustment of the flying height and the flying position.
Specifically, the weight of the 50-meter tow rope 150 is not more than 12g, each of the meteorological measuring units 110 is about 26g, each of the infrared measuring units 120 is about 50g, and the mass of the water-absorbing float 140 is not more than 3kg, so that the load capacity of the aerial mooring platform 160 should not be less than 3.5kg of the total weight. The remote control airship has the functions of vertical take-off and landing, hovering, remote control operation and the like, and has certain wind resistance; the unmanned aerial vehicle is in a rotorcraft form, the maximum bearable wind speed is not lower than 8m/s, the hovering vertical precision is better than +/-0.5 m, and the hovering time is not lower than 20 minutes.
In one embodiment of the present invention, since the height difference of the evaporation waveguide is large in different sea areas, seasons and times, in order to perform measurement under various conditions, 12 meteorological measuring units 110 are arranged on the hauling rope 150 at equal intervals of 5 meters, wherein the first measuring unit is located 2 meters near the bottom end of the hauling rope 150. When the airborne mooring platform 160 is an airship, the distance between the airborne mooring platform and the uppermost measuring unit is not less than 10 meters; when it is unmanned, its interval is not less than 50 meters. 3 infrared measuring units 120 are respectively hung at positions 4 meters, 8 meters and 12 meters away from the surface of the sea, so that the infrared measuring units are hung on the traction rope, the transmitting end of the infrared sensor vertically faces downwards to the water surface, and the water temperature on the surface of the sea is measured from three different heights.
Under the condition of a transmission distance of about 40 meters, the data transmission adopts a wired transmission mode, which can form a burden on the loading capacity of the aerial mooring platform 160, and once a certain data line is disconnected, the data transmission of all the measurement units is directly influenced, and the reliability cannot be ensured. In the embodiment of the invention, a ZigBee wireless communication mode is adopted for data transmission. The ZigBee wireless communication is a two-way wireless communication technology with short distance, low complexity, low power consumption and low cost, the working frequency band is ISM2.4GHz, and the automatic networking characteristic of the ZigBee wireless communication is suitable for a 'many-to-one' data transmission mode of the measuring instrument.
It is understood that in other embodiments of the embodiment of the present invention, other forms of wireless communication transmission may be adopted, and the number of the weather measurement units 110 may be increased or decreased as needed, and is not limited specifically herein.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-absorbing floating body of an ocean evaporative waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
In fig. 4, the water absorbing float 140 includes: a set of
The water absorption floating body 140 floats in the seawater under the combined action of the
In one implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a water-absorbing floating body of an ocean evaporation waveguide detection system based on an aerial mooring platform according to the embodiment of the invention.
In fig. 5, the
In one embodiment of the present invention, the
After the measurement is finished, the main control unit 130 sends a unhooking instruction to the water-absorbing floating body 140 through the ZIGBEE wireless network, the
In one embodiment of the present invention, the
In the embodiment of the present invention, the shipborne receiving terminal 200 is disposed on a survey ship, and includes: a set of on-board receiving stations 210 and a set of on-board receiving antennas 220.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the shipborne receiving terminal 200 is installed on the survey ship, and the shipborne receiving antenna 220 is installed at a high point of the ship body and used for receiving and transmitting the measurement data and the control command with the main control unit 130. The shipborne receiving radio station 210 and the data processing module 300 carry out data transmission through wired transmission, the type of the shipborne receiving radio station is the same as that of a radio station used in a main control unit, the wired transmission baud rate is 9.6kbps, the wireless transmission baud rate is 2.4kbps, the working frequency is 170MHz, the transmitting power is 1W, and the modulation mode is LoRa spread spectrum modulation.
Meanwhile, in order to ensure stable reception of data from the main control unit 130, the shipborne receiving antenna 220 should use a high-gain omnidirectional monopole antenna. In the embodiment of the invention, a double helix whip antenna is used as a receiving antenna. By using a network analyzer to measure the antenna parameters, on a 170MHz frequency point, the standing-wave ratio is 1.571, the real part of the input impedance is 77.135 omega, the imaginary part is-8 omega, and the data is close to a theoretical value of 50 omega, so that the maximum transmission of wireless signals can be met.
In this embodiment of the present invention, the data processing module 300 includes: an evaporation waveguide data processing sub-module 310 and a predictive model calculation sub-module 320.
The evaporation waveguide data processing submodule 310 performs data processing on the meteorological parameters of the sea area to be measured and the sea water skin temperature acquired by the temperature and humidity pressure profile measuring module 100, and calculates the atmospheric correction refractive index profile and the evaporation waveguide parameter value through the measured data; the prediction model calculation sub-module 320 obtains the atmospheric correction refractive index profile and the predicted value of the evaporation waveguide parameter through model calculation based on a set prediction model calculation method.
Further, the evaporation waveguide data processing sub-module 310 determines heights of different measurement data based on an isothermal atmospheric pressure high equation, performs data quality control based on a 3 σ criterion, obtains temperature, humidity and air pressure measurement values of corresponding height layers, obtains an atmospheric correction refractive index of the corresponding height, obtains a fitting profile by using a logarithmic linear minimum quadratic algorithm, and obtains the height and the intensity of the evaporation waveguide.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the evaporation waveguide data processing sub-module 310 performs preprocessing on the received temperature, humidity, and air pressure measurement data to remove abnormal data. And then according to data acquired by the meteorological measurement units at the bottommost layer and different height layers, height acquisition is carried out by using an isothermal atmospheric pressure high equation, and abnormal data are removed by carrying out 3 sigma standard data processing on temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure data of the same height layer. And performing arithmetic average on the processed effective samples, and taking the result as the measured value of the height layer. And obtaining an M value corresponding to the height of the effective sample by using an atmosphere correction refractive index calculation formula, obtaining an atmosphere correction refractive index profile through a fitting algorithm, and finding the inflection point of the profile and the difference value between the inflection point and the M value of the sea surface, thereby obtaining the height and strength parameters of the evaporation waveguide.
For example, the data returned by the warm-wet pressure profile measurement module 100 is raw data, which may include significant deviation, duplication, and incompleteness. Repeated data can affect the subsequent curve fitting process, so the part of data needs to be deleted; deleting data containing abnormal values when processing the measurement data of the sensor; the following rules are used in the quality control of the sensor data: the air pressure is 850-1050 hPa, the relative humidity is more than 0, and the difference between the air temperature and the average air temperature is within 5 ℃.
Determining the heights of all the meteorological measurement units from the sea surface at different moments by adopting an air pressure height determining mode, and performing air pressure height determination by using an isothermal atmospheric pressure high equation, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein Z is2-Z1Is the height between the profiles;
P1is Z1The pressure of the atmosphere;
P2is Z2The pressure of the atmosphere;
t represents Z1And Z2Average value of the ambient temperature.
Furthermore, 3 infrared measurement units are hung at different height positions of the traction rope, and sea surface is irradiated in an infrared mode to obtain seawater skin temperature measurement data. Because the height of each unit from the water surface is different, the measurement data of the 3 infrared measurement units are corrected through a corresponding algorithm, and therefore the optimal value of the temperature of the seawater surface skin is obtained.
Wherein, meteorological measuring unit can measure the meteorological data of co-altitude not under the drive of platform of mooring in the air, consequently can acquire multiunit measured data in every height layer within range. In order to enable the measured data of the same height layer to be closer to the true value, a plurality of measured data samples of the same height layer are processed by adopting a 3 sigma criterion, and singular point data are removed. The process of applying the 3 σ criterion is as follows:
calculating the measurement data xiMean value of
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
s(xi) Representing the measured sample data xiStandard deviation of (2).
xiRepresents the ith measurement;
represents the arithmetic mean of the N measurements;
n represents the data amount of the measurement result.
Taking a data frame of which the temperature, humidity and air pressure data all meet the 3 sigma criterion as a processing data result, and carrying out arithmetic average on the data in the same height layer range to obtain a measured value of the height.
Due to the number limitation and the difference in accuracy of the sensors, it is impossible to measure meteorological parameters at all height points within a 40m range, and therefore a continuous modified index profile cannot be obtained. The fitting and correction of the refractive index profile according to the measured scatter points is the main method for obtaining the profile parameters at present, and the fitting formula of the method is a fitting empirical formula mentioned in an article for providing a BYC model for Babin, and the fitting empirical formula is as follows:
M＝f0z-f1ln(z+0.001)+f2
according to the height and the corrected index data pair f0、f1、f2Least square fitting is carried out on the three parameters to obtain f0、f1、f2The fitting result of (a):
M＝[z -ln(z+0.001) 1]·[f0f1f2]T
the number of the measuring points is required to be more than or equal to 3, the number of the measuring points is far more than three in practical application, and the pseudo-inverse matrix can be obtained after solving the pseudo-inverse matrixParameter [ f0f1f2]Further determining an atmospheric correction index profile. And finding out an inflection point in the profile, wherein the corresponding height is the height of the evaporation waveguide, and the distance between the inflection point and the atmospheric correction refractive index at the sea surface is the waveguide strength.
In addition, in the prediction model calculation module, software integrates various prediction model algorithms such as PJ, NPS, BYC, MBG, pseudo refractive index and the like based on the evaporation waveguide correlation theory, actual measurement temperature, air pressure and humidity meteorological data are input, the atmospheric correction refractive index at each height is obtained through the corresponding algorithm, a profile curve of the atmospheric correction refractive index changing along with the height is drawn, and the height and strength parameters of the evaporation waveguide are obtained. The water temperature of the seawater skin required by the prediction model can be acquired by correcting the data of the measurement result of the infrared measurement unit, and the wind speed data is acquired by an automatic meteorological station on an investigation ship. The meteorological data measured at different heights and the obtained seawater skin temperature data are combined with wind speed data, input into various prediction models embedded in the platform for simulation, and the atmospheric correction refractive index profile and the evaporation waveguide parameter prediction value are calculated and obtained. The system can compare various prediction model results with actual measurement results on site, effectively evaluate the accuracy of the prediction model, and analyze the sensitivity of the prediction model to environmental factors such as the temperature, the humidity, the air pressure, the air speed, the water temperature of the sea skin and the like of the sea air boundary layer.
According to the technical scheme, various waveguide prediction models in the traditional theory are combined with waveguide parameter hardware field measurement, the waveguide height and strength parameters can be obtained on the field in a sea area where a waveguide environment appears, various prediction models can be verified, the marine evaporation waveguide can be detected on the field, parameter diagnosis and the environmental element sensitivity analysis of various waveguide prediction models on a sea air boundary layer, and models in different marine environments can be selected.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and embellishments could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
- 上一篇：一种医用注射器针头装配设备
- 下一篇：支持单点和多点感应的多层调校称重式雨雪量计