阅读说明：本技术 支持单点和多点感应的多层调校称重式雨雪量计 (Support single-point and multi-point induction's multilayer timing weighing type sleet gauge ) 是由 宗泽 曹子聪 符伟杰 姚刚 房灵常 宗军 褚泽帆 毛春雷 熊陈 刘巽民 陈杰中 于 2020-06-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种支持单点和多点感应的多层调校称重式雨雪量计,设计单点和多点选择性传感方式,能提升测量精度并在精度要求不高的场合兼顾性价比。设计的隔热环能阻止承水口向外传导热量,并通过缩小承水口面积,减少了低温时的热耗散,隔热环和承水口均为深色,有助于吸热,提高融冰雪效率；采用多层调平结构保证了自上而下受力测量方向一致,且便于安装应用时实施调平；弹簧和限位螺钉组合能够防止冲击和机械过载,避免传感器损伤；采用降水触发部件使雨雪量计在降水来临时才被唤醒,降低工作功耗,避免非降水期的数据干扰；本发明能增加测量精度的覆盖面,提升降水观测数据的准确性和稳定性,加强对重要部件的保护功能,降低设备功耗。(The invention provides a multilayer adjustment weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point sensing, which is designed with a single-point and multi-point selective sensing mode, can improve the measuring precision and give consideration to the cost performance in occasions with low precision requirements. The designed heat insulation ring can prevent the water bearing port from conducting heat outwards, the heat dissipation at low temperature is reduced by reducing the area of the water bearing port, and the heat insulation ring and the water bearing port are both dark, so that the heat absorption is facilitated, and the ice and snow melting efficiency is improved; the adoption of a multi-layer leveling structure ensures that the stress measurement directions are consistent from top to bottom, and the leveling is conveniently implemented during installation and application; the combination of the spring and the limiting screw can prevent impact and mechanical overload and avoid the damage of the sensor; the rain and snow gauge is awakened only when precipitation comes, so that the working power consumption is reduced, and the data interference in a non-precipitation period is avoided; the invention can increase the coverage of measurement precision, improve the accuracy and stability of precipitation observation data, strengthen the protection function of important parts and reduce the power consumption of equipment.)

1. A multilayer adjusting and weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point induction is characterized by comprising a collecting container, a bearing structure and a processor, wherein the bearing structure is arranged below the collecting container; the collecting container is externally provided with a protective cover, the top of the protective cover is provided with a water bearing port, a heating ring is arranged below the water bearing port, a heating film is arranged outside the heating ring, a heat insulation ring is arranged outside the heating film, and the heat insulation ring is embedded between the protective cover and the water bearing port to form a circle of heat insulation belt; the bearing structure comprises a tray, an extension support damping layer, a sensor, a reference platform and a base from top to bottom, wherein the tray is arranged on the extension support damping layer, the extension support damping layer is connected with the sensor, the sensor is arranged on the reference platform through a cushion block, and the reference platform is arranged on the base; the heating film and the sensor are both connected with the processor; the extension support damping layer comprises an extension upper support frame, a plurality of springs and an extension lower support frame, the springs are installed between the extension upper support frame and the extension lower support frame through screws, and the extension lower support frame is connected with the sensor; leveling mechanisms are arranged on the cushion block, the expansion upper supporting frame and the tray.

2. The multi-layer adjustment weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point induction as claimed in claim 1, wherein a barrel body connecting ring is further arranged below the heat insulation ring, the barrel body connecting ring is fixedly connected with the barrel body, and the upper end of the barrel body connecting ring is provided with a step surface capable of clamping the bottom of the heat insulation ring.

3. The multi-layer adjustment weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point induction according to claim 1, wherein the screw is a limit screw; the elastic force F of the spring is less than 80% G/4, and G is the maximum load of the sensor;

LMAX+L4＞L2；

LMIN+L4＜L2；

wherein, L4 is bearing seat to platform distance, L2 is limit screw length, LMAX is the free length of spring, LMIN is the limit compression length of spring.

4. The multi-layer adjusting weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point sensing is characterized in that the sensors comprise single-point sensors arranged at the center of the reference platform and/or multi-point sensors arranged on the reference platform, and the stress center projections of the multi-point sensors are uniformly distributed on a circumference with the center of the reference platform as the center of a circle.

5. The multi-layer calibration weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single and multi-point sensing of claim 4, wherein the multi-point sensor comprises 3 or 4 sensors.

6. The multi-layer calibration weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point sensing according to claim 1, further comprising a precipitation triggering part, wherein the precipitation triggering part is in data connection with a processor.

7. The multi-layer calibration weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point sensing according to claim 4, wherein the precipitation triggering part is separately arranged or wound inside or outside the water receiving port by using a flexible plate material.

8. The multi-layer calibration weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point sensing according to claim 1, wherein the leveling mechanism is a bubble level or an electronic level.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy hydrology and meteorological instrument equipment, and relates to a multilayer adjusting and weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point induction.

Background

The weighing rain and snow gauge (also called weighing precipitation sensor) has the advantages of high measurement precision, few measurement blind areas theoretically, no limitation on rain intensity and the like, is an advanced full-type precipitation monitoring instrument which is accurate in measurement and popular with users at present, and is popularized and applied in the meteorological and hydrological industries in recent years. We find that when the existing weighing type rain gauge is used and transported, key sensing parts are easily damaged, measurement data are sometimes unstable, measurement accuracy is often lower than expected and limited, and heating power consumption in winter is large. The reason is mainly the structural design defect of the rain gauge, so that the induction stress is inconsistent, and the core part of the sensor is easy to damage when the transportation and collection container is taken and put; the fluctuation of the measured data is caused by the external environment (factors such as vibration and wind); the physical performance of single-point sensing limits the precision improvement; the rain and snow gauge is usually provided with a heating component at a water bearing port to melt ice and snow, but has large power consumption and unsatisfactory heating effect at low temperature.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a multilayer adjusting and weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point induction, which can reduce heating power consumption, improve heating effect and improve overall stability, precision and safety.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a multilayer adjusting and weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point induction comprises a collecting container, a bearing structure and a processor, wherein the bearing structure is arranged below the collecting container; the collecting container is externally provided with a protective cover, the top of the protective cover is provided with a water bearing port, a heating ring is arranged below the water bearing port, a heating film is arranged outside the heating ring, a heat insulation ring is arranged outside the heating film, and the heat insulation ring is embedded between the protective cover and the water bearing port to form a circle of heat insulation belt; the bearing structure comprises a tray, an extension support damping layer, a sensor, a reference platform and a base from top to bottom, wherein the tray is arranged on the extension support damping layer, the extension support damping layer is connected with the sensor, the sensor is arranged on the reference platform through a cushion block, and the reference platform is arranged on the base; the heating film and the sensor are both connected with the processor; the extension support damping layer comprises an extension upper support frame, a plurality of springs and an extension lower support frame, the springs are installed between the extension upper support frame and the extension lower support frame through screws, and the extension lower support frame is connected with the sensor; leveling mechanisms are arranged on the cushion block, the expansion upper supporting frame and the tray.

Furthermore, a barrel body connecting ring is further arranged below the heat insulation ring and fixedly connected with the barrel body, and the upper end of the barrel body connecting ring is provided with a step surface capable of clamping the bottom of the heat insulation ring.

Further, a gap is formed between the heat insulation ring and the heating film.

Further, the screw is a limit screw; the elastic force F of the spring is less than 80% G/4, and G is the maximum load of the sensor;

LMAX+L4＞L2；

LMIN+L4＜L2；

wherein, L4 is bearing seat to platform distance, L2 is limit screw length, LMAX is the free length of spring, LMIN is the limit compression length of spring.

Furthermore, the sensors comprise single-point sensors arranged at the center of the reference platform and/or multipoint sensors arranged on the reference platform, and the stress center projections of the multipoint sensors are uniformly distributed on a circumference with the center of the reference platform as the center of a circle.

Further, the multipoint sensor comprises 3 or 4 sensors.

Further, the device also comprises a precipitation triggering component, and the precipitation triggering component is in data connection with the processor.

Further, the precipitation triggering part is arranged independently or is wound on the inner side or the outer side of the water bearing port by using a flexible plate material.

Further, the leveling mechanism is a bubble level or an electronic level.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. design non-metallic material's thermal-insulated ring, can keep holding the heat of mouth of a river self heating better when low temperature, prevent that heat from conducting fast and consuming to other structures in, and reduced the area of ware mouth metal outer wall (about 2/3 who dwindles the outside area), heat radiating area and heat dissipation have been reduced, reduce the loss of power consumption, thermal-insulated ring and holding the mouth of a river unified design for the dark, it is effectual to absorb heat, play the effect that improves snow melt efficiency, can design the power that reduces the heating of sleet meter from this.

2. The adoption of the multi-layer leveling structure can ensure that the stress is consistent with the measuring direction from top to bottom, and is convenient for leveling during installation and application.

3. The combination of the spring and the limiting screw can effectively prevent impact and mechanical overload, and avoid damage or damage to the sensor.

4. The invention supports the form of single-point induction and multi-point combined induction, and can effectively improve the overall measurement precision in the multi-point combined induction mode.

5. Adopt precipitation trigger part to come the work of triggering rain and snow meter again temporarily as precipitation, can reduce the work consumption, reduce the interference of non-precipitation period.

6. The invention can overcome various problems of the existing weighing type rain and snow gauge, increase the coverage of measurement precision, improve the induction consistency, the measurement accuracy and the stability, strengthen the protection function of key parts, reduce the power consumption, improve the heating effect, improve the quality of rainfall observation data, and provide a more scientific data basis for water circulation scientific research, flood control and disaster prevention, and national water resource regulation and control.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the multi-layer calibration weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point sensing according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a water receiving port.

Figure 3 is a schematic view of a support structure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the reference platform, the extended upper support frame and the extended lower support frame, wherein (a) is a top view of the reference platform, (b) is a bottom view of the tray, and (c) is a top view of the extended upper support frame.

Description of reference numerals:

the device comprises a collection container 1, a water receiving port 101, a heating ring 102, a heating film 103, a heat insulation ring 104, a protective cover 105, a barrel body connecting ring 106, a bearing structure 2, a tray 201, an expansion upper bearing frame 202, a spring 203, an expansion lower bearing frame 204, a sensor 205, a reference platform 206, a base 207, a cushion block 208, a leveling mechanism 209, a limiting screw 210, a leveling mechanism 211 and an embedding block 213.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

The weighing type rain and snow gauge is mainly divided into a bearing type and a suspension type according to the connection stress form of the sensor, and the multilayer adjusting weighing type rain and snow gauge supporting single-point and multi-point sensing provided by the invention can be applied to both forms. All the drawings in the description of the invention take a load-bearing type to support the weighing of 3-point sensing as an example, the main structure of the weighing device is shown in fig. 1, and the weighing device comprises a collecting container 1 and a bearing structure 2 arranged below the collecting container, wherein the collecting container is generally barrel-shaped, a protective cover 105 is arranged outside the collecting container, a water bearing port 101 is arranged at the top of the collecting container, a heating ring 102 is arranged below the water bearing port 101, the heating ring 102 is made of heat-conducting metal materials, and the heating ring and the water bearing port are two independent parts and are connected and clamped by screws. The heating ring 102 is externally provided with a heating film 103, the heating film 103 is made of nonmetal materials, and power is connected during use, so that heat can be provided for the heating ring 102, and ice and snow attached to the water receiving port can be conveniently melted. A heat insulation ring 104 is arranged outside the heating film, and the heat insulation ring 104 is made of low-thermal-conductivity materials such as engineering plastics, colloid (such as rubber) and the like. The heat insulation ring 104 is embedded between the protective cover 105 and the water receiving port 101 (the heating ring is also regarded as a part of the water receiving port), a circle of heat insulation belt is formed, the water receiving port needing to be heated is physically isolated from the barrel body with larger external area, the heat heated by the water receiving port can be better kept at low temperature through the heat insulation ring, the heat is prevented from being rapidly conducted and consumed in other structures (such as the barrel body) which are easy to conduct heat, and ineffective heat dissipation is reduced. A barrel body connecting ring 106 is arranged below the heat insulation ring, the barrel body connecting ring 106 is fixedly connected with the barrel body, and the upper end of the barrel body connecting ring 106 is provided with a step surface capable of clamping the bottom of the heat insulation ring 104. When can fix the heat insulating ring better, because the setting of ladle body clamping ring 106 makes to have the clearance between heat insulating ring and the heating film, prevent the contact heat dissipation of heating film and prevent that the heat insulating ring from arousing deformation damage because of long-term temperature sudden change.

The holding structure 2 comprises, from top to bottom, a tray 201, an extended upper support 202, springs 203, an extended lower support 204, a sensor 205, a reference platform 206, a base 207. Wherein, collection container 1 sets up on tray 201, and extension upper bracket 202 and tray 201 bottom fixed connection. As shown in fig. 4, the upper extension support 202 and the lower extension support 204 are both fork-shaped, and the upper extension support 202 is connected to the lower extension support 204 through three springs and fastening screws, and the three springs are uniformly distributed in three points. The expansion lower support frame 204 is fixedly connected with a sensor through screws, and the sensor is fixed on a cushion block 208 of the reference platform. The sensor adopts weighing sensor or pressure sensor, can acquire the weight of gathering the container, obtains the sleet volume through the conversion.

The invention ensures the consistency of the stress direction of measurement through a multi-layer horizontal adjusting structure. Specifically, a primary leveling mechanism 209 is arranged on the cushion block, the cushion block 208 and the sensor 205 thereon can be leveled through the leveling mechanism 209, and the leveling mechanism 209 and the sensor 205 form primary leveling. Here level ensures that the sensor measurement basis is level. The upper extension supporting frame 202, the lower extension supporting frame 204 and the springs 203 between the upper extension supporting frame 202 and the lower extension supporting frame 204 form an extension supporting shock absorption layer, the upper layer of the extension supporting shock absorption layer, namely, the upper extension supporting frame 202 is provided with a leveling mechanism 209 (secondary leveling), the leveling of the upper extension supporting frame 202 is realized by adjusting the spring compression length between double-layer fork-shaped structures through screws, as the lower layer of the extension supporting shock absorption layer is fixedly connected with a sensor, the level of the lower layer is ensured by the leveling of a cushion block, and the upper layer is a direct contact surface of a collector or a tray at the lower part of the collector, because an elastic structure is arranged between the double-layer forks, only if the upper layer is balanced all the time, the stress direction measured by the sensor can be ensured to. The center of the tray 201 is also provided with a leveling mechanism (three-level leveling), and the tray and the upper fork structure are prevented from direct levelness deviation through the center leveling of the tray. The multi-layer leveling structure can ensure that the measured object and the upper and lower stress directions between all levels are set to be consistent. The leveling areas of the leveling mechanisms at each stage are different, so that the leveling is easy to operate, and the leveling is favorably implemented during installation and application. In this example, the leveling mechanism is a bubble level or an electronic level.

As shown, the present invention is compatible with single-point, multi-point measurements. A central single-point sensor 205 and three sensors 205 which are uniformly distributed at multiple points are arranged on the reference platform, and the sensors 205 are all fixed in the reference platform through cushion blocks 208. A central single point sensor is used to connect to the central location of the fork-shaped extension lower support 204 and three multi-point sensors are used to connect to the three arms of the extension lower support 204. Therefore, the sensor induction supporting points are designed in the middle of the fork-shaped structure and the intersection part of the circumference taking the middle as the circle center and each branch. When the sensor is used, only the central sensor or only three multipoint sensors can be connected, so that the sensor can support a single-point sensing mode and a multipoint combined sensing mode. In this way, the most desirable mode can be selected between single-point and multi-point modes when applied. When the regional precipitation and the working environment are different, the physical performance of the weighing sensor is considered, and when the collector load requirement of part of regions limits the requirement of single-point sensing accuracy indexes, a multi-point measurement mode is adopted. Under the multi-point measurement mode, all sensors are connected in parallel, and the overall measurement precision can be effectively improved. In the multi-point measurement mode, the number of the sensors can be set according to the requirement, and 3-4 sensors are generally preferred.

The spring 203 can play a role in preventing impact, a limiting screw 210 is further arranged at the lower end of the spring, and a clamping block 213 is also arranged at the upper side of the sensor. The mechanical overload protection structure can effectively prevent the influence caused by concentration of blunt force on a certain fork at a certain moment in the vertical direction or large impact in the longitudinal direction. Such as the above-mentioned blunt force concentration or impact force during transportation or when emptying the collecting vessel, the above-mentioned structure can prevent the pressure sensor from being damaged by overload or from being damaged by inclination of the force direction. The spring and the limit screw are used as a whole buffering and protecting mechanism of the instrument.

The spring is selected, namely the spring elasticity F is less than 80 percent G (the maximum load of the sensor)/4;

LMAX+L4＞L2；

LMIN+L4＜L2；

wherein, L4 is bearing seat-to-platform distance (fixed value), L2 is stop screw length, L3 is spring length, LMAX is the free length of spring, LMIN is the ultimate compression length of spring, L5 is upper support plate thickness, stop screw length L2 equals L3+ L4+ L5.

The specification of the spring and the length of the limit screw are limited according to the three formulas, and the spring has a certain compression amount under the no-load state, so that the leveling effect can be achieved.

As an improvement, the rain and snow gauge further comprises a precipitation triggering component which is mainly a precipitation triggering sensor and can be independently installed at a point (namely not arranged on the rain and snow gauge) or wound on the inner side or the outer side of the water bearing port by using a flexible triggering plate material. When precipitation comes temporarily, the precipitation trigger sensor sends a trigger signal and related data to the processor in a wired (signal wire) or wireless mode (wireless communication chip). The precipitation trigger sensor can reduce working power consumption, overcome interference and time drift when no precipitation exists outside, and can also carry out process calibration. Conventional parts such as a processor, an external battery and the like are arranged on the device and supply power to the precipitation triggering part, the sensor, the heating film and the like, and the precipitation triggering part and the sensor send data to the processor. However, this is not the design focus of the present invention and will not be described in detail.

The multilayer adjusting weighing type rain and snow timing supporting single-point and multi-point induction is used, firstly, a base 207 and a reference platform 206 are installed, a single-point or multi-point induction mode is selected, an extension lower supporting frame 204 of the lower layer of an extension supporting shock absorption layer is connected with a proper sensor, and a leveling mechanism on a lower cushion block of the sensor is leveled. Leveling mechanism on the extension upper support bracket 202 of the upper layer of the leveling extension support shock-absorbing layer. A tray is installed, a leveling mechanism at the center of the tray is leveled, and a collection container is placed. And checking or adjusting the three-level leveling mechanism again after the placement is finished.

The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.