阅读说明：本技术 一种可调节开关分合闸行程曲线的阻尼系统及工作方法 (Damping system capable of adjusting switch opening and closing stroke curve and working method ) 是由 姚晓飞 管臣 张军 荣毅 赵庆 刘志远 耿英三 王建华 于 2020-05-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可调节分合闸行程曲线的阻尼系统及工作方法,该阻尼系统由加速度传感器,控制器和电流变液阻尼器组成；本发明可以通过加速度传感器实时采集开关分合闸过程的加速度数据传递至控制器,控制器将测得的加速度数据与事先编程至控制器内的分合闸行程曲线的加速度数据相比较,根据两者差值的大小与方向输出正相关的驱动电压,实时调节电流变液阻尼器的阻尼大小,进而改变开关分合闸过程所受瞬时阻力的大小,来纠正开关的实际分合闸行程曲线,达到实际分合闸行程曲线与事先编程至控制器内的分合闸行程曲线一致的效果。(The invention discloses a damping system capable of adjusting a switching-on and switching-off stroke curve and a working method thereof, wherein the damping system consists of an acceleration sensor, a controller and an electrorheological fluid damper; the invention can acquire the acceleration data of the switch opening and closing process in real time through the acceleration sensor and transmit the acceleration data to the controller, the controller compares the measured acceleration data with the acceleration data of the opening and closing stroke curve which is programmed into the controller in advance, the driving voltage with positive correlation is output according to the difference value and the direction of the acceleration data and the acceleration data, the damping magnitude of the electrorheological fluid damper is adjusted in real time, and the magnitude of the transient resistance borne by the switch opening and closing process is further changed, so that the actual opening and closing stroke curve of the switch is corrected, and the effect that the actual opening and closing stroke curve is consistent with the opening and closing stroke curve which is programmed into the controller in advance is achieved.)

1. The utility model provides a damping system of adjustable switch divide-shut brake stroke curve which characterized in that: comprises an acceleration sensor (1), a controller (2) and an electrorheological fluid damper (3); the electrorheological fluid damper (3) comprises a cavity surrounded by an upper cover plate (9), a side wall (10) and a lower cover plate (11), electrorheological fluid (12) filled in the cavity, a positive plate (5) arranged in the cavity, contacted with the upper cover plate (9) and clamped on the side wall (10), and a negative plate (6) arranged in the cavity, contacted with the lower cover plate (11) and clamped on the side wall (10); the head part is arranged in the cavity, one end of the rod part is connected with a piston (7) of the switch operating mechanism (8), and a piston rod of the piston (7) is in clearance fit with the positive plate (5) and the upper cover plate (9); a sliding sealing ring (4) which is arranged between the rod of the piston (7) and the upper cover plate (9) and prevents the leakage of the electrorheological fluid (12) when the piston (7) moves up and down; a positive lead end (13) of the positive plate (5) penetrates through the hole on the side wall (10) and extends to the outside to be connected with a driving voltage positive output end of the controller (2); the negative lead end (14) of the negative plate (6) passes through the hole on the side wall (10) and extends to the outside to be connected with the negative output end of the driving voltage of the controller (2); the acceleration sensor (1) is fixed on a piston rod of the piston (7) and used for monitoring acceleration data of the switch in a switch opening and closing process in real time and transmitting the acceleration data to the controller (2).

2. The damping system of the adjustable switch opening and closing stroke curve according to claim 1, characterized in that: the controller (2) consists of a signal input conditioning unit, an A/D acquisition unit, a signal real-time processing operation unit, a D/A output unit and a power driving output unit; the signal input conditioning unit receives an actually measured instantaneous acceleration data signal transmitted by the acceleration sensor (1) to perform noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation and amplitude modulation processing on the actually measured instantaneous acceleration data signal, and conditions the actually measured instantaneous acceleration data signal to a range which can be acquired by the A/D acquisition unit; the A/D acquisition unit is used for receiving the actual measurement instantaneous acceleration data analog signal transmitted by the signal input conditioning unit and converting the actual measurement instantaneous acceleration data analog signal into a digital signal; the signal real-time processing arithmetic unit is used for receiving and storing the opening and closing stroke curve stored in the USB flash disk through external computer data communication or directly reading the inserted USB flash disk in advance; real-time receiving an actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal transmitted by an A/D acquisition unit, subtracting the actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal from the prestored instantaneous acceleration data of a switching-on/off stroke curve, and outputting a positively correlated digital deviation correcting signal according to the magnitude and direction of the difference between the actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal and the prestored instantaneous acceleration data of the switching-on/off stroke curve; the D/A output unit is used for receiving the digital deviation correcting signal transmitted by the signal real-time processing and operating unit and converting the digital deviation correcting signal into an analog deviation correcting signal; and the power driving output unit is used for receiving the analog deviation correcting signal output by the D/A output unit, amplifying the power of the analog deviation correcting signal and outputting corresponding driving voltage to the positive plate (5) and the negative plate (6) of the electrorheological fluid damper (3).

3. The damping system of the adjustable switch opening and closing stroke curve according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positive plate (5) is arranged between protruding platforms which are positioned on the upper cover plate (9) and the upper portion of the side wall (10) in the cavity, and the negative plate (6) is arranged between protruding platforms which are positioned on the lower portion of the lower cover plate (11) and the lower portion of the side wall (10) in the cavity.

4. The damping system of the adjustable switch opening and closing stroke curve according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall (10) is made of an insulating material, the positive plate (5) and the negative plate (6) are made of a conductive material, and the sliding sealing ring (4) is made of a brass material.

5. The working method of the damping system of the adjustable switch opening and closing stroke curve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that: before the switching-on and switching-off process, the set switching-on and switching-off travel curve data is stored into the controller (2) in advance in a computer data communication or USB (universal serial bus) disc data reading mode; in the process of opening the brake, a switch operating mechanism (8) drives a piston (7) to start to move downwards, an acceleration sensor (1) continuously monitors instantaneous acceleration data when the piston (7) moves downwards, the measured instantaneous acceleration data of the switch is transmitted to a controller (2) in real time through an electric lead, the controller (2) performs noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation and A/D conversion on the instantaneous acceleration data, the instantaneous acceleration data of a stroke curve stored in the controller (2) is subtracted, a deviation-rectifying digital signal is generated according to the magnitude and the direction of the difference value of the instantaneous acceleration data and the stroke curve, the digital signal is subjected to D/A conversion and power amplification to generate driving voltage, the driving voltage is output to a positive plate (5) and a negative plate (6) through the electric lead, an electric field is generated in an area between the positive plate (5) and the negative plate (6), and electrorheological fluid (12) is under the action, the viscosity is changed, the resistance borne by the piston (7) in the electrorheological fluid (12) is changed, the instantaneous acceleration and the stroke of the switch movement are further changed, and the effect that the actual opening stroke curve of the switch is consistent with the opening stroke curve stored in the controller is adjusted; in the process of closing the gate, a switch operating mechanism (8) drives a piston (7) to start to move upwards, an acceleration sensor (1) continuously monitors instantaneous acceleration data when the piston (7) moves upwards, the measured instantaneous acceleration data of the switch is transmitted to a controller (2) in real time through an electric lead, the controller (2) performs noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation and A/D conversion on the instantaneous acceleration data, the instantaneous acceleration data of a stroke curve stored in the controller (2) is subtracted, a deviation-rectifying digital signal is generated according to the magnitude and the direction of the difference value of the instantaneous acceleration data and the stroke curve, the digital signal is subjected to D/A conversion and power amplification to generate driving voltage, the driving voltage is output to a positive plate (5) and a negative plate (6) through the electric lead, an electric field is generated in an area between the positive plate (5) and the negative plate (6), and electrorheological fluid (12) is under, the viscosity changes, the resistance borne by the piston (7) in the electrorheological fluid (12) is changed, the instantaneous acceleration and the stroke of the switch movement are further changed, and the effect that the actual closing stroke curve of the switch is consistent with the closing stroke curve stored in the controller is adjusted.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of switch damping, and particularly relates to a damping system capable of adjusting a switch opening and closing stroke curve and a working method.

Background

In recent years, in order to meet the requirement of rapidly removing the power grid fault, switches with various operating mechanisms are in a variety, and although the trouble of removing the power grid fault is relieved to a certain extent, three difficult problems still exist and are not solved. The first problem is that the high-voltage and high-voltage switch often has larger moving mass, which can cause mechanical damage caused by huge impact at the final stage of opening and closing, and reasonable buffering measures are needed to reduce mechanical collision; the second problem is that in the high-voltage and large-voltage switching-on and switching-off process, the electric arc energy is large, the electric arc mode evolves complicated and is not easy to switch on and off, the variable-speed motion of the moving contact is realized by adjusting the switching-off stroke curve, and the electric field applied to the electric arc is controlled to ensure that the electric arc is reliably extinguished, so that the effect of successfully switching on and off the voltage is achieved; the third problem is that the existing operating mechanisms (mainly including spring operating mechanisms, electromagnetic operating mechanisms, repulsion mechanisms, etc.) applied to the switch are various, the output characteristics of different operating mechanisms are different, different buffer devices need to be equipped for each type of operating mechanism and each voltage class of operating mechanism, the experimental process of each buffer device is extremely complex, the drawing needs to be repeatedly modified, the processing is repeated, and the workload is large and repeated.

However, no corresponding device or method is available at present, which can be applied to the output characteristics of different operating mechanisms, and can adjust the opening and closing stroke curve of the switch at will to achieve the effects of good opening and closing and effective buffering.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a damping system capable of adjusting a switch on-off stroke curve of a switch and a working method, which can be suitable for the output characteristics of different switch operating mechanisms and can conveniently and simply adjust the switch on-off stroke curve of the switch.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a damping system capable of adjusting a switch opening and closing stroke curve comprises an acceleration sensor 1, a controller 2 and an electrorheological fluid damper 3; the electrorheological fluid damper 3 comprises a cavity enclosed by an upper cover plate 9, a side wall 10 and a lower cover plate 11, electrorheological fluid 12 filled in the cavity, a positive plate 5 arranged in the cavity, contacted with the upper cover plate 9 and clamped on the side wall 10, and a negative plate 6 arranged in the cavity, contacted with the lower cover plate 11 and clamped on the side wall 10; the head part is arranged in the cavity, one end of the rod part is connected with a piston 7 of the switch operating mechanism 8, and a piston rod of the piston 7 is in clearance fit with the positive plate 5 and the upper cover plate 9; a sliding sealing ring 4 which is arranged between the rod of the piston 7 and the upper cover plate 9 and prevents the leakage of the electrorheological fluid 12 when the piston 7 moves up and down; the positive lead end 13 of the positive plate 5 is extended to the outside through the hole on the side wall 10 and connected with the positive output end of the driving voltage of the controller 2; the negative wire end 14 of the negative plate 6 passes through the hole on the side wall 10 and extends to the outside to be connected with the negative output end of the driving voltage of the controller 2; the acceleration sensor 1 is fixed on a piston rod of the piston 7 and used for monitoring acceleration data of the switch in a switch opening and closing process in real time and transmitting the acceleration data to the controller 2.

The controller 2 consists of a signal input conditioning unit, an A/D acquisition unit, a signal real-time processing operation unit, a D/A output unit and a power driving output unit; the signal input conditioning unit receives the measured instantaneous acceleration data signal transmitted by the acceleration sensor 1, and then carries out noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation and amplitude modulation on the measured instantaneous acceleration data signal, and conditions the measured instantaneous acceleration data signal to a range which can be acquired by the A/D acquisition unit; the A/D acquisition unit is used for receiving the actual measurement instantaneous acceleration data analog signal transmitted by the signal input conditioning unit and converting the actual measurement instantaneous acceleration data analog signal into a digital signal; the signal real-time processing arithmetic unit is used for receiving and storing the opening and closing stroke curve stored in the USB flash disk through external computer data communication or directly reading the inserted USB flash disk in advance; real-time receiving an actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal transmitted by an A/D acquisition unit, subtracting the actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal from the prestored instantaneous acceleration data of a switching-on/off stroke curve, and outputting a positively correlated digital deviation correcting signal according to the magnitude and direction of the difference between the actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal and the prestored instantaneous acceleration data of the switching-on/off stroke curve; the D/A output unit is used for receiving the digital deviation correcting signal transmitted by the signal real-time processing and operating unit and converting the digital deviation correcting signal into an analog deviation correcting signal; and the power driving output unit is used for receiving the analog deviation correcting signal output by the D/A output unit, amplifying the power of the analog deviation correcting signal and outputting corresponding driving voltage to the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 of the electrorheological fluid damper 3.

The positive plate 5 is arranged between the upper cover plate 9 and the protruding table at the upper part of the side wall 10 in the cavity, and the negative plate 6 is arranged between the lower cover plate 11 and the protruding table at the lower part of the side wall 10 in the cavity.

The side wall 10 is made of an insulating material, the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 are made of a conductive material, and the sliding sealing ring 4 is made of brass.

According to the working method of the damping system capable of adjusting the switch opening and closing stroke curves, before the opening and closing process, set opening stroke curve data are stored into the controller 2 in advance in a computer data communication or USB flash disk data reading mode; during the opening process, the switch operating mechanism 8 drives the piston 7 to start to move downwards, the acceleration sensor 1 continuously monitors the instantaneous acceleration data when the piston 7 moves downwards, the measured instantaneous acceleration data of the switch is transmitted to the controller 2 in real time through an electric lead, the controller 2 subtracts the instantaneous acceleration data of a stroke curve stored in the controller 2 after carrying out noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation and A/D conversion on the instantaneous acceleration data, a deviation-correcting digital signal is generated according to the magnitude and the direction of the difference value of the instantaneous acceleration data and the stroke curve, the digital signal is subjected to D/A conversion and power amplification to generate driving voltage, the driving voltage is output to the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 through the electric lead, an electric field is generated in an area between the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6, the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid 12 is changed under the action of the electric field, and the resistance borne by the piston 7 when moving in the, the instantaneous acceleration and the stroke of the switch motion are changed, and the effect that the actual brake-separating stroke curve of the switch is adjusted to be consistent with the brake-separating stroke curve stored in the controller is achieved; during the closing process, the switch operating mechanism 8 drives the piston 7 to start to move upwards, the acceleration sensor 1 continuously monitors the instantaneous acceleration data when the piston 7 moves upwards, the measured instantaneous acceleration data of the switch is transmitted to the controller 2 in real time through an electric lead, the controller 2 subtracts the instantaneous acceleration data of a stroke curve stored in the controller 2 after carrying out noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation and A/D conversion on the instantaneous acceleration data, a deviation-correcting digital signal is generated according to the magnitude and the direction of the difference value of the instantaneous acceleration data and the stroke curve, the digital signal is subjected to D/A conversion and power amplification to generate driving voltage, the driving voltage is output to the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 through the electric lead, an electric field is generated in an area between the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6, the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid 12 is changed under the action of the electric field, and the resistance borne by the piston 7 when moving in, and the instantaneous acceleration and the stroke of the switch motion are changed, and the effect that the actual closing stroke curve of the switch is adjusted to be consistent with the closing stroke curve stored in the controller is achieved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

compared with the prior art, the invention changes the instantaneous damping of the electrorheological fluid damper according to the magnitude and the direction of the difference value between the instantaneous acceleration of the set stroke curve and the actually measured switch instantaneous acceleration, thereby changing the resistance borne by the switch and adjusting the stroke curve of the switch to be consistent with the set stroke curve. The invention not only can meet the buffering requirements of different switch operating mechanisms, but also can simply and conveniently adjust the switch-on and switch-off stroke curve of the switch.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a damping system capable of adjusting a switch opening and closing stroke curve.

Wherein, 1 is an acceleration sensor; 2 is a controller; 3 is an electrorheological fluid damper; 4 is a sliding sealing ring; 5 is a positive plate; 6 is a negative plate; 7 is a piston; 8 is a switch operating mechanism; 9 is an upper cover plate; 10 is a side wall; 11 is a lower cover plate; 12 is electrorheological fluid; 13 is a positive lead end; 14 is a negative wire end, 15 is a switch moving contact, and 16 is a switch static contact.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of the internal components of the controller and the transmission of external signals within the controller.

Fig. 3 is a switching-off characteristic curve diagram of the 126kV vacuum circuit breaker.

Fig. 4 is a working relation diagram of the damping system.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:

as shown in fig. 1, the damping system capable of adjusting the switching-on and switching-off stroke curve of the switch of the invention comprises an acceleration sensor 1, a controller 2 and an electrorheological fluid damper 3; the electrorheological fluid damper 3 comprises a cavity enclosed by an upper cover plate 9, a side wall 10 and a lower cover plate 11, electrorheological fluid 12 filled in the cavity, a positive plate 5 arranged in the cavity, contacted with the upper cover plate 9 and clamped on the side wall 10, and a negative plate 6 arranged in the cavity, contacted with the lower cover plate 11 and clamped on the side wall 10; the head part is arranged in the cavity, one end of the rod part is connected with a piston 7 of the switch operating mechanism 8, and a piston rod of the piston 7 is in clearance fit with the positive plate 5 and the upper cover plate 9; a sliding sealing ring 4 which is arranged between the rod of the piston 7 and the upper cover plate 9 and prevents the leakage of the electrorheological fluid 12 when the piston 7 moves up and down; the positive lead end 13 of the positive plate 5 is extended to the outside through the hole on the side wall 10 and connected with the positive output end of the driving voltage of the controller 2; the negative wire end 14 of the negative plate 6 passes through the hole on the side wall 10 and extends to the outside to be connected with the negative output end of the driving voltage of the controller 2; the acceleration sensor 1 is fixed on a piston rod of the piston 7 and used for monitoring acceleration data of the switch in a switch opening and closing process in real time and transmitting the acceleration data to the controller 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the controller 2 is composed of a signal input conditioning unit, an a/D acquisition unit, a signal real-time processing and operation unit, a D/a output unit and a power driving and output unit; the signal input conditioning unit receives the measured instantaneous acceleration data signal transmitted by the acceleration sensor 1, and then carries out noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation and amplitude modulation on the measured instantaneous acceleration data signal, and conditions the measured instantaneous acceleration data signal to a range which can be acquired by the A/D acquisition unit; the A/D acquisition unit is used for receiving the actual measurement instantaneous acceleration data analog signal transmitted by the signal input conditioning unit and converting the actual measurement instantaneous acceleration data analog signal into a digital signal; the signal real-time processing arithmetic unit is used for receiving and storing the opening and closing stroke curve stored in the USB flash disk through external computer data communication or directly reading the inserted USB flash disk in advance; real-time receiving an actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal transmitted by an A/D acquisition unit, subtracting the actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal from the prestored instantaneous acceleration data of a switching-on/off stroke curve, and outputting a positively correlated digital deviation correcting signal according to the magnitude and direction of the difference between the actually measured instantaneous acceleration digital signal and the prestored instantaneous acceleration data of the switching-on/off stroke curve; the D/A output unit is used for receiving the digital deviation correcting signal transmitted by the signal real-time processing and operating unit and converting the digital deviation correcting signal into an analog deviation correcting signal; and the power driving output unit is used for receiving the analog deviation correcting signal output by the D/A output unit, amplifying the power of the analog deviation correcting signal and outputting corresponding driving voltage to the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 of the electrorheological fluid damper 3.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode plate 5 is disposed between the upper cap plate 9 and the protruding step of the sidewall 10 in the cavity, and the negative electrode plate 6 is disposed between the lower cap plate 11 and the protruding step of the sidewall 10 in the cavity.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side wall 10 is made of an insulating material, the positive electrode plate 5 and the negative electrode plate 6 are made of a conductive material, and the sliding seal ring 4 is made of brass.

The invention relates to a working method of a damping system capable of adjusting switch opening and closing stroke curves.A set opening and closing stroke curve data is stored in a controller 2 in advance in a computer data communication or USB (universal serial bus) flash disk data reading mode before the opening and closing process; during the opening process, the switch operating mechanism 8 drives the piston 7 to start to move downwards, the acceleration sensor 1 continuously monitors the instantaneous acceleration data when the piston 7 moves downwards, the measured instantaneous acceleration data of the switch is transmitted to the controller 2 in real time through an electric lead, the controller 2 subtracts the instantaneous acceleration data of a stroke curve stored in the controller 2 after carrying out noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation and A/D conversion on the instantaneous acceleration data, a deviation-correcting digital signal is generated according to the magnitude and the direction of the difference value of the instantaneous acceleration data and the stroke curve, the digital signal is subjected to D/A conversion and power amplification to generate driving voltage, the driving voltage is output to the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 through the electric lead, an electric field is generated in an area between the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6, the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid 12 is changed under the action of the electric field, and the resistance borne by the piston 7 when moving in the, the instantaneous acceleration and the stroke of the switch motion are changed, and the effect that the actual brake-separating stroke curve of the switch is adjusted to be consistent with the brake-separating stroke curve stored in the controller is achieved; during the closing process, the switch operating mechanism 8 drives the piston 7 to start to move upwards, the acceleration sensor 1 continuously monitors the instantaneous acceleration data when the piston 7 moves upwards, the measured instantaneous acceleration data of the switch is transmitted to the controller 2 in real time through an electric lead, the controller 2 subtracts the instantaneous acceleration data of a stroke curve stored in the controller 2 after carrying out noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation and A/D conversion on the instantaneous acceleration data, a deviation-correcting digital signal is generated according to the magnitude and the direction of the difference value of the instantaneous acceleration data and the stroke curve, the digital signal is subjected to D/A conversion and power amplification to generate driving voltage, the driving voltage is output to the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 through the electric lead, an electric field is generated in an area between the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6, the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid 12 is changed under the action of the electric field, and the resistance borne by the piston 7 when moving in, and the instantaneous acceleration and the stroke of the switch motion are changed, and the effect that the actual closing stroke curve of the switch is adjusted to be consistent with the closing stroke curve stored in the controller is achieved.

The working method of the damping system capable of adjusting the switch-on/off stroke curve of the switch is described by taking a 126kV vacuum circuit breaker as an example and comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 3, if the 126kV vacuum circuit breaker is not equipped with any speed adjusting device, and the stroke curve thereof is shown by the dotted line in fig. 3, the speed is continuously increased, which not only results in the electric field of the contact between 20mm and 40mm of the stroke being weakened, the anode spot pattern is easy to occur, which may cause the failure of opening and closing, but also the instantaneous speed at the opening position (50mm) is too high, which causes serious mechanical impact; the solid line in fig. 3 is a reasonable breaking stroke curve of the 126kV vacuum circuit breaker, the switch decelerates between 20mm and 40mm of the stroke, which is beneficial to the electric field to control the electric arc, and the switch decelerates again between 40mm and 50mm of the stroke, so that the mechanical impact when the switch reaches the breaking position (50mm position) is reduced. As shown in fig. 4, before the switching-off process, reasonable switching-off stroke curve data of the 126kV vacuum circuit breaker is stored in the controller 2 in advance in a computer data communication or usb flash disk data reading manner; during the opening process, the switch operating mechanism 8 drives the piston 7 to start to move downwards, the acceleration sensor 1 continuously monitors the instantaneous acceleration data when the piston 7 moves downwards, the measured instantaneous acceleration data of the switch is transmitted to the controller 2 in real time through an electric lead, the controller 2 subtracts and compares the instantaneous acceleration data of a stroke curve stored in the controller 2 after carrying out noise reduction, filtering, frequency modulation, amplitude modulation and A/D conversion on the instantaneous acceleration data, when the real instantaneous measured acceleration is greater than the set instantaneous acceleration of the stroke curve, a digital signal with increased amplitude is output, the digital signal generates increased driving voltage after D/A conversion and power amplification and is output to the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 through the electric lead, an electric field is generated between the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6, and the electrorheological fluid 12 is under the action of the electric field, the viscosity is increased, the resistance borne by the piston 7 during the movement in the electrorheological fluid 12 is increased, the instantaneous acceleration of the switch movement is reduced, the stroke is further changed, and the effect that the actual stroke curve of the switch is consistent with the stroke curve stored in the controller is adjusted; when the real instantaneous measured acceleration is smaller than the instantaneous acceleration of the set stroke curve, a digital signal with a reduced amplitude is output, the digital signal is subjected to D/A conversion, and power amplification to generate a reduced driving voltage, the reduced driving voltage is output to the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6 through electric leads, an electric field is generated between the positive plate 5 and the negative plate 6, the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid 12 is reduced under the action of the electric field, the resistance to the piston 7 during movement in the electrorheological fluid 12 is reduced, the instantaneous acceleration of the switch movement is increased, the stroke is further changed, and the effect that the actual stroke curve of the switch is consistent with the stroke curve stored in the controller is adjusted.