阅读说明：本技术 一种延迟贡柑果实成熟的种植方法 (Planting method for delaying ripening of citrus gonggan fruits ) 是由 林波 林春极 于 2020-04-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种延迟贡柑果实成熟的种植方法,属于农业种植的技术领域,包括以下步骤,选择种植基地,改良土壤进行苗木移栽种植；晚熟贡柑栽培种植处理,施肥控制,修建枝叶,覆膜控水,进入抑制果实发育期,喷施赤霉素、DA-6,追合肥促进果实成熟,留树保鲜期。本发明通过改善贡柑种植条件,合理控制施肥,碰施药物抑制生长,到达上市前期进行催熟能有效延缓贡柑上市的季节,错开上市高峰期,提高贡柑商业价值。(The invention discloses a planting method for delaying the fruit ripening of citrus gonggan, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting and comprises the following steps of selecting a planting base, and improving soil for seedling transplanting planting; cultivating and planting late-maturing citrus gonggan, controlling fertilization, building branches and leaves, covering with a film to control water, entering a fruit development inhibition period, spraying gibberellin and DA-6, applying additional fertilizer to promote fruit maturation, and keeping the fruit on a tree for a preservation period. According to the method, the planting conditions of the tribute oranges are improved, the fertilizer application is reasonably controlled, the growth is inhibited by applying the pesticide, the season of the tribute oranges on the market can be effectively delayed by accelerating the ripening at the early stage of the market, the peak period of the market is staggered, and the commercial value of the tribute oranges is improved.)

1. A planting method for delaying the ripening of citrus gonggan fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, pretreating a planting field, selecting loose, deep and fertile soil, applying organic fertilizer and soil conditioner to the soil for improvement, and preparing the soil;

s2, planting nursery stocks, namely selecting strong grafted seedlings of middle and late-maturing varieties to plant for transplanting, wherein the height of the plants is 20-23 cm, performing ridge-making cultivation, vertically planting seedlings in the center of a planting hole, and thoroughly watering and fertilizing root fixing water;

s4, cultivating late-maturing citrus gonggan:

(1) controlling fertilization, spraying 28-32 mg/L gibberellin to inhibit growth in a young fruit period, bagging to reduce illumination time, tearing off bags after 15-30 days to cultivate big fruits, applying calcium fertilizer every 3-4 weeks to control soil moisture, irrigating water in sunny and arid days, draining water in rainy days and increasing illumination time;

(2) building branches and leaves, pruning diseased and insect branches, weak branches and dense branches, and thinning small fruits and large fruits for reasonable load;

(3) film covering and water controlling: when the citrus gonggan starts to fruit, a reflective film is covered on the ground, water can be controlled, illumination is reflected, and the citrus gonggan is beneficial to improving the sugar degree of fruits and improving the color of the fruits;

(4) spraying 32-40 mg/L gibberellin to the tree body when the citrus gonggan harvested in a delayed mode enters a development period, spraying 35-45 mg/L DA-6 in a fruit color transition period, and topdressing a compound fertilizer 1-2 months before citrus gonggan fruits come into the market; spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.04% brassin and 0.1% boric acid solution to the tree body for 1-2 times to promote fruit ripening, entering a freshness-keeping period of the tribute citrus trees, and spraying 7-10 mg/L gibberellin and 4-6 mg/L2, 4-dichlorophenoxy every 15-18 days.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 1 of applying 700 kg/356m alkaline organic fertilizer²。

3. The planting method for delaying the ripening of citrus gonggan fruits according to claim 2, wherein the alkaline organic fertilizer in step 1 is one or more of a calcium fertilizer cake fertilizer, a soybean cake fertilizer, a peanut cake fertilizer, a rapeseed cake fertilizer, bran coat and crop straws.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the soil amendment is a aureobasidium amendment.

5. The planting method for delaying the ripening of citrus gonggan fruits according to claim 1, wherein the planting distance in step 2 is 55-60 cm, the row spacing is 1.2-1.5 cm, the height of planting holes is 70-75 cm, and the width is 70-75 cm.

6. The method for planting citrus gonggan fruit for delaying ripening of claim 1, wherein the ridge forming in step 2 has a height of 30-35 cm and a width of 1.8-2.2 m.

7. The planting method for delaying the ripening of citrus gonggan fruits according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, fertilization management is performed, soil testing analysis and leaf analysis are performed once every 3-4 weeks, and according to macroelements and microelements required by the growth condition of citrus gonggan, a bio-organic fertilizer is selectively applied, and a small amount of inorganic fertilizer is additionally applied.

8. The growing method for delaying ripening of citrus gonggan fruit of claim 7, wherein said applying of manure from decomposed animals comprises mixing manure with water at a ratio of 1: 13 diluting, adding a microbial composite microbial inoculum for innocent treatment, and placing the mixture in a methane tank for fermentation and directly applying the mixture to citrus gonggan planting areas.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the complex microbial inoculant comprises two or more of photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, actinomycetes, yeast and lactic acid bacteria.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein 1/7 bearing branches are pruned in step 4.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a planting method for delaying the ripening of citrus gonggan fruits.

Background

The tribute orange is a natural hybrid of oranges and tangerines, has the advantages of orange appearance, tender citrus pulp and easy peeling, and has high economic value. The fruits are almost round and oblate, the diameter of the fruits is 5-8cm, the fruits are beautiful, the skin color is orange yellow to orange red, the skin is thin and juicy, the pulp is crisp and tender, the fruits are tasty and refreshing, the residues are dissolved, the taste is sweet and low in acidity, the flavor is unique, the orange peel-peel citrus beverage is popular with consumers, and the orange peel-peel citrus beverage is one of the main characteristic varieties of Guangdong citrus and Guangxi citrus.

The method is characterized in that the method is a vigorous period for harvesting and marketing the tribute oranges in winter, the tribute oranges are planted in various places and are marketed at a concentrated time, and in order to avoid a peak period for marketing, the tribute oranges are delayed to be marketed, so that higher economic benefits are brought. However, the citrus gonggan fruits are not storage-resistant, and the quality of the citrus gonggan fruits is obviously reduced after the citrus gonggan fruits are harvested for 10-20 days, so that the business value of the citrus gonggan fruits is obviously damaged, and the commodity value of the citrus gonggan fruits is reduced. A variety of chemical and biological agents are used in commercial fruit growers in the market for the purpose of controlling the timing of fruit ripening. The agent can make the fruit mature and accelerate fruit harvest. It also prevents the fruit from falling to the ground so that few of them delay the fruit from developing until a suitable maturity stage. The delayed mature period of citrus gonggan fruits can improve the commercial value of citrus gonggan and delay the mature time of fruits, and the fruit tree-leaving preservation is one of the effective measures for high-quality storage and preservation of citrus fruits and prolonging the harvest period, has an important effect on prolonging the supply period of fruits and the like, but is rarely adopted in citrus production. At present, a method for effectively controlling the ripening process of citrus gonggan, effectively prolonging the ripening and the decay of fruits, keeping better fruit quality and reasonably regulating the fruit marketing time is lacked.

The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a planting method for delaying the ripening of citrus gonggan fruits, which comprises the steps of establishing a reasonably planned female parent garden, carrying out plant planting in a brick seedling area, and screening and cultivating high-quality seedlings with citrus gonggan black rot resistance through medicament treatment and three-time grafting cultivation.

Therefore, the invention provides a planting method for delaying the ripening of citrus gonggan fruits, which comprises the following steps:

a planting method for delaying the ripening of citrus gonggan fruits comprises the following steps:

s1, pretreating a planting field, selecting loose, deep and fertile soil, applying organic fertilizer and soil conditioner to the soil for improvement, and preparing the soil;

s2, planting nursery stocks, namely selecting strong grafted seedlings of middle and late-maturing varieties to plant for transplanting, wherein the height of the plants is 20-23 cm, performing ridge-making cultivation, vertically planting seedlings in the center of a planting hole, and thoroughly watering and fertilizing root fixing water;

s4, cultivating late-maturing citrus gonggan:

(1) controlling fertilization, spraying 28-32 mg/L gibberellin to inhibit growth in a young fruit period, bagging to reduce illumination time, tearing off bags after 15-30 days to cultivate big fruits, applying calcium fertilizer every 3-4 weeks to control soil moisture, irrigating water in sunny and arid days, draining water in rainy days and increasing illumination time;

(2) building branches and leaves, pruning diseased and insect branches, weak branches and dense branches, and thinning small fruits and large fruits for reasonable load;

(3) film covering and water controlling: when the citrus gonggan starts to fruit, a reflective film is covered on the ground, water can be controlled, illumination is reflected, and the citrus gonggan is beneficial to improving the sugar degree of fruits and improving the color of the fruits;

(4) spraying 32-40 mg/L gibberellin to the tree body when the citrus gonggan harvested in a delayed mode enters a development period, spraying 35-45 mg/L DA-6 in a fruit color transition period, and topdressing a compound fertilizer 1-2 months before citrus gonggan fruits come into the market; spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.04% brassin and 0.1% boric acid solution to the tree body for 1-2 times to promote fruit ripening, entering a freshness-keeping period of the tribute citrus trees, and spraying 7-10 mg/L gibberellin and 4-6 mg/L2, 4-dichlorophenoxy every 15-18 days.

Preferably, the step 1 is implemented by applying 1000kg/356m2 of alkaline organic fertilizer 700-.

Preferably, the alkaline organic fertilizer in the step 1 is one or more of a calcium fertilizer cake soybean cake fertilizer, a peanut cake fertilizer, a rapeseed cake fertilizer, bran coat and crop straws.

Preferably, the soil conditioner is a gold bacterium soil conditioner.

Preferably, the planting distance in the step 2 is 55-60 cm, the row distance is 1.2-1.5 cm, the height of the planting holes is 70-75 cm, and the width is 70-75 cm.

Preferably, the ridging in the step 2 is characterized in that the height of the ridging is 30-35 cm, and the width of the ridging is 1.8-2.2 m.

Preferably, in the step 2, fertilization management is performed, soil testing analysis and leaf analysis are performed once every 3-4 weeks, and according to macroelements and microelements required by the growth condition of the citrus gonggan, a biological organic fertilizer is selected to be applied, and a small amount of inorganic fertilizer is additionally applied.

Preferably, the administration of decomposed livestock manure, the manure and water are mixed in a ratio of 1: 13 diluting, adding a microbial composite microbial inoculum for innocent treatment, and placing the mixture in a methane tank for fermentation and directly applying the mixture to citrus gonggan planting areas.

Preferably, the microbial composite inoculant comprises two or more of photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus, actinomycetes, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria.

Preferably, 1/7 thinned out fruit branches are trimmed in step 4.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

in the planting process, soil testing and fertilization are adopted, soil testing and plant growth characteristics are utilized as the basis, fertilizer needed in the growth process of the tribute oranges is reasonably adjusted, the fertilizer is supplied to the soil in time, elements which are needed in the growth process due to shortage and shortage are supplied in time, the fertilizer is finely adjusted to keep the normal growth speed of the tribute oranges, the situation that the tribute oranges grow vigorously is reduced, and the fruit development can be delayed by applying medicines by collision, pruning and thinning fruits and covering films when fruits are hung at the later stage.

The planting method can effectively delay the growth and development time of the citrus gonggan fruits, and DA-6 plant growth substances are adopted to be matched with gibberellin to spray the citrus gonggan fruits at the later stage, so that the citrus gonggan fruits have a slow-release effect, can be quickly absorbed and stored by plants, and parts of the citrus gonggan fruits can quickly act, and parts of the citrus gonggan fruits can effectively and continuously act slowly in vivo; the time for the soluble solid content and the total sugar content in the citrus gonggan fruit to reach the peak value is delayed, so that the aims of delaying the mature period of the fruit and slowing down the aging speed of the fruit are fulfilled.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.