阅读说明：本技术 一种双侧鼻阻力与鼻流量测试装置及测试方法 (Bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device and testing method ) 是由 潘劲松 聂旭东 章钱 汪银凤 田超 赵益 魏柯君 成娟 姜干 柳云龙 于 2020-07-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种双侧鼻阻力与鼻流量测试装置及测试方法,差压传感器一的两端分别与通气测压口一、通气测压口二相连；差压传感器二的两端分别与通气测压口三、通气测压口四相连；数据处理装置分别与差压传感器一、差压传感器二和差压传感器三电连接；通气测压口一、通气测压口二之间设置有呼吸流量传感器一；通气测压口三、通气测压口四之间设置有呼吸流量传感器二；呼吸流量传感器一和呼吸流量传感器二分别与通气管一、通气管二的另一端连通,且呼吸流量传感器一和呼吸流量传感器二后侧分别设置有气管阀一和气管阀二。本发明便捷卫生；操作简单,降低了传统检测通气管道对测试结果的影响；可同时检测双侧鼻腔阻力和鼻流量。(The invention discloses a bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device and a testing method.A first differential pressure sensor is connected with a first ventilation pressure measuring port and a second ventilation pressure measuring port at two ends respectively; two ends of the differential pressure sensor II are respectively connected with the ventilation pressure measuring port III and the ventilation pressure measuring port IV; the data processing device is electrically connected with the first differential pressure sensor, the second differential pressure sensor and the third differential pressure sensor respectively; a first respiratory flow sensor is arranged between the first ventilation pressure measuring port and the second ventilation pressure measuring port; a second respiratory flow sensor is arranged between the third ventilation pressure measuring port and the fourth ventilation pressure measuring port; the first respiratory flow sensor and the second respiratory flow sensor are respectively communicated with the other ends of the first vent pipe and the second vent pipe, and a first air pipe valve and a second air pipe valve are respectively arranged on the rear sides of the first respiratory flow sensor and the second respiratory flow sensor. The invention is convenient and sanitary; the operation is simple, and the influence of the traditional detection ventilation pipeline on the test result is reduced; bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow can be detected simultaneously.)

1. A bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device comprises an air path connecting device, a pressure detecting device, a respiratory flow detecting device, an air pipe conduction and blockage control device and a data processing device, wherein the air path connecting device is connected with the respiratory flow detecting device; the respiratory flow detection device comprises a respiratory flow sensor I and a respiratory flow sensor II; the pressure detection device comprises a first differential pressure sensor, a second differential pressure sensor and a third differential pressure sensor; the air pipe conduction and blockage control device comprises an air pipe valve I and an air pipe valve II;

two ends of the first differential pressure sensor are respectively connected with the first ventilation pressure measuring port and the second ventilation pressure measuring port; two ends of the differential pressure sensor II are respectively connected with a ventilation pressure measuring port III and a ventilation pressure measuring port IV; the data processing device is electrically connected with the first differential pressure sensor, the second differential pressure sensor and the third differential pressure sensor respectively;

a first respiratory flow sensor is arranged between the first ventilation pressure measuring port and the second ventilation pressure measuring port; a second respiratory flow sensor is arranged between the third ventilation pressure measuring port and the fourth ventilation pressure measuring port; the first respiratory flow sensor and the second respiratory flow sensor are respectively communicated with the other ends of the first vent pipe and the second vent pipe, and a first air pipe valve and a second air pipe valve are respectively arranged on the rear sides of the first respiratory flow sensor and the second respiratory flow sensor.

2. The double-sided nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device of claim 1, wherein a first filter pad and a second filter pad are respectively disposed at the connection of the first ventilation tube, the second ventilation tube, the first respiratory flow sensor and the second respiratory flow sensor.

3. The double-sided nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device of claim 2, wherein the first filter pad and the second filter pad are disposable filter pads.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device measures nasal resistance while measuring bilateral nasal flow, and detects unilateral nasal resistance while measuring unilateral nasal airflow through the respiratory flow sensor, and the respiratory flow sensor records the flow during the respiratory cycle while measuring the flow rate, thereby calculating the nasal flow value in the data processing device.

5. The double-sided nasal resistance and nasal flow test kit of claim 1, wherein the first tracheal valve and the second tracheal valve control the communication and blockage of the trachea, and automatically switch the nasal cavity to be tested, so that the user can test the double-sided nasal resistance and nasal flow without changing the nasal cavity and performing a complicated switching process.

6. A bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) before working, a test patient needs to sit still for 20min for diagnosis, and the patient breathes with the nose in the process of diagnosis test;

(2) respectively placing the first nasal olive head and the second nasal olive head of the air path connecting device in the left nostril and the right nostril, and simultaneously starting the nasal resistance testing device to work;

(3) measuring the resistance value of the left nasal cavity:

firstly, when the resistance of the left nasal cavity is measured, the second tracheal valve blocks the right nasal cavity air vent;

② the air flow in the left nasal cavity is via nasal olive head I, and along the vent pipe I, via the vent pressure measuring port I, the pressure difference P is measured by connecting with the differential pressure sensor III₁；

③ air pressure blocking the right nasal cavity is measured by connecting the air flow blocking air pressure through the second nasal olive head, along the second vent pipe, through the third vent pressure measuring port and the third differential pressure sensor₂；

④ measured P of ② and ③₁And P₂Value according to Δ P ═ P₁-P₂；

⑤ the left air flow passes through the first respiratory flow sensor, and then the pressure P of nasal cavity is measured by connecting the second pressure measuring port with the first differential pressure sensor₃According to Δ P₂＝P₁-P₃Thereby calculating a flow velocity V;

(4) further calculating to obtain the relation between the pressure difference and the flow, calculating the pressure difference value delta P by the data processing device so as to calculate the respiratory airflow of the nasal cavity, and calculating the peak resistance VR and the effective resistance Reff of 3-5 respiratory cycles; and (4) according to the nasal resistance quantitative grading table, judging the degree of nasal obstruction of the patient.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device and a testing method.

Background

Nasal test is a method of detecting resistance to nasal flow. By nasometry, the pressure drop is measured for each nostril and associated nasal cavity (epipharynx) when inhaling and exhaling. These tests may be active or passive. In order to determine the resistance to fogging of the nostrils with their associated nasal cavities, it is necessary to determine the pressure difference that occurs from the nostril opening to the upper nasal edge (septum) simultaneously with the corresponding airflow when inhaling or exhaling.

Since the application of the nasal resistance detection technology in the last century, the nasal resistance diagnosis mainly depends on manual examination and analysis and nasal endoscopy examination, the examination is complex, the detection result is not accurate enough, along with the development of electronic technology, the existing nasal resistance instrument can objectively measure the nasal respiratory resistance, prompt the nasal obstruction part and the severity thereof, greatly help to diagnose the nasal threshold lesion, can be applied to the snore and nasal cavity stimulation experiments and the nasal ventilation research, can effectively evaluate the curative effect of surgery and drug treatment, and is an optimal instrument for measuring the nasal ventilation.

Through the analysis to relevant nose resistance detection product at home and abroad, discover present nose resistance detecting instrument, there are a great deal of problems, if detect complicacy, the patient detects and all must put into oral cavity or nasal cavity with sensor probe, there is the potential safety hazard in this operation, sensor probe contacts with tongue, saliva etc. in the oral cavity easily in the measurement process, factors such as oral cavity closure inseparable all can cause the measured data inaccurate, and children can not cooperate the doctor well moreover, detect children's nasal cavity condition of ventilating a bit of difficulty. Because conventional mask-type detection devices are relatively inefficient in their operation, there is a need for a nasal resistance device that is simple to detect, reliable in data, suitable for all ages, and simple to operate.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to provide a bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device and a testing method, and aims to solve the problems that the existing nasal resistance detecting instrument in the background technology has various problems, such as complex detection, potential safety hazards, inaccurate measured data, incapability of well matching with doctors for children, and difficulty in detecting the nasal cavity ventilation condition of the children.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device comprises a gas circuit connecting device, a pressure detecting device, a respiratory flow detecting device, a trachea conduction and blockage control device and a data processing device, wherein the gas circuit connecting device is connected with the respiratory flow detecting device, a front measuring hole and a rear measuring hole of the respiratory flow detecting device are connected with the pressure detecting device, the pressure detecting device is connected with the data processing device, wherein,

the air path connecting device comprises a first nasal olive head, a second nasal olive head, a first air pipe and a second air pipe, wherein the first nasal olive head is arranged at one end of the first air pipe, and the second nasal olive head is arranged at one end of the second air pipe; the respiratory flow detection device comprises a respiratory flow sensor I and a respiratory flow sensor II; the pressure detection device comprises a first differential pressure sensor, a second differential pressure sensor and a third differential pressure sensor; the air pipe conduction and blockage control device comprises an air pipe valve I and an air pipe valve II;

two ends of the first differential pressure sensor are respectively connected with the first ventilation pressure measuring port and the second ventilation pressure measuring port; two ends of the differential pressure sensor II are respectively connected with a ventilation pressure measuring port III and a ventilation pressure measuring port IV; the data processing device is electrically connected with the first differential pressure sensor, the second differential pressure sensor and the third differential pressure sensor respectively;

a first respiratory flow sensor is arranged between the first ventilation pressure measuring port and the second ventilation pressure measuring port; a second respiratory flow sensor is arranged between the third ventilation pressure measuring port and the fourth ventilation pressure measuring port; the first respiratory flow sensor and the second respiratory flow sensor are respectively communicated with the other ends of the first vent pipe and the second vent pipe, and a first air pipe valve and a second air pipe valve are respectively arranged on the rear sides of the first respiratory flow sensor and the second respiratory flow sensor.

As a further improvement of the invention, the joints of the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe with the first respiratory flow sensor and the second respiratory flow sensor are respectively provided with a first filter gasket and a second filter gasket.

As a further improvement of the invention, the first filter gasket and the second filter gasket are disposable filter gaskets.

As a further improvement of the invention, the testing device measures the nasal resistance and the bilateral nasal flow simultaneously, and when detecting the unilateral nasal resistance, the unilateral nasal airflow flows through the flow sensor, and the flow sensor records the flow value in the respiratory cycle while measuring the flow rate, thereby calculating the nasal flow value in the data processing device.

As a further improvement of the invention, the first air pipe valve and the second air pipe valve control the communication and blockage of the air pipes, the detected nasal cavity is automatically switched, and the resistance and the nasal flow of the nasal cavity at two sides can be measured without changing the nasal cavity and a complex switching process by a user.

The invention also provides a bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing method, which comprises the following steps:

(1) before working, a test patient needs to sit still for 20min for diagnosis, and the patient breathes with the nose in the process of diagnosis test;

(2) respectively placing the first nasal olive head and the second nasal olive head of the air path connecting device in the left nostril and the right nostril, and simultaneously starting the nasal resistance testing device to work;

(3) measuring the resistance value of the left nasal cavity:

firstly, when the resistance of the left nasal cavity is measured, the second tracheal valve blocks the right nasal cavity air vent;

② the air flow in the left nasal cavity is via nasal olive head I, and along the vent pipe I, via the vent pressure measuring port I, the pressure difference P is measured by connecting with the differential pressure sensor III₁；

③ air pressure blocking the right nasal cavity is measured by connecting the air flow blocking air pressure through the second nasal olive head, along the second vent pipe, through the third vent pressure measuring port and the third differential pressure sensor₂；

④ measured P of ② and ③₁And P₂Value according to Δ P ═ P₁-P₂；

⑤ the left air flow passes through the first respiratory flow sensor, and then the pressure P of nasal cavity is measured by connecting the second pressure measuring port with the first differential pressure sensor₃According to Δ P₂＝P₁-P₃Thereby calculating a flow velocity V;

(4) further calculating to obtain the relation between the pressure difference and the flow, calculating the pressure difference value delta P by the data processing device so as to calculate the respiratory airflow of the nasal cavity, and calculating the peak resistance VR and the effective resistance Reff of 3-5 respiratory cycles; and (4) according to the nasal resistance quantitative grading table, judging the degree of nasal obstruction of the patient.

The right nasal test method is similar to the left.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, after the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the patient directly carries out nasal cavity resistance detection through the olive head of nose, need not equipment such as sensor probe, nose subsides, save material, risk-free, testing process is simple, check-out time is short, and can real-time detection, detection data are reliable, stable, and extremely inside sequential control need not the whole testing process of manual intervention simultaneously.

2. The design of the nasal olive head adopts various style design schemes, and the nasal plug heads with different sizes are suitable for people at all ages, so that convenience is provided for the nasal cavity detection of children, and the problem of inaccurate detection data caused by air leakage is solved;

3. the differential pressure sensor is integrated in the testing device, so that the interference of an external testing environment on an experimental result is avoided;

4. the tracheal valve can control the communication and blockage of the trachea, and the nasal cavity can be automatically switched and detected, so that the resistance and the nasal flow of the nasal cavity at two sides can be detected without replacing the nasal cavity and a complex switching process by a user; the method is simple to operate and easy to use in the perception of the tested person;

5. by adopting the new four-phase nasal resistance testing method, the defect of inaccurate fixed point testing is avoided, and the peak nasal resistance VR and the effective nasal resistance Reff are calculated to more accurately display the nasal resistance value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph of a method for testing peak resistance in a curve of flow velocity V, pressure differential Δ P, and time t in a nasal cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating a method for measuring effective resistance according to a curve of nasal flow velocity V, differential pressure Δ P, and time t according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the four-phase nasal resistance test of the embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1. first nasal olive head; 2. a second nasal olive head; 3. a first vent pipe; 4. a second vent pipe; 5. a first filtering gasket; 6. a second filtering gasket; 7. a first ventilation pressure measuring port; 8. a third ventilation pressure measuring port; 9. a first respiratory flow sensor; 10. a second respiratory flow sensor; 11. a second ventilation pressure measuring port; 12. a fourth ventilation pressure measuring port; 13. a first air pipe valve; 14. a second air pipe valve; 15. a first differential pressure sensor; 16. a second differential pressure sensor; 17. a third differential pressure sensor; 18. a data processing apparatus.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention is shown: a novel bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device comprises a first nasal olive head 1, a second nasal olive head 2, a first air pipe 3, a second air pipe 4, a first filtering gasket 5, a second filtering gasket 6, a first ventilating pressure measuring port 7, a third ventilating pressure measuring port 8, a first respiratory flow sensor 9, a second respiratory flow sensor 10, a second ventilating pressure measuring port 11, a fourth ventilating pressure measuring port 12, a first tracheal valve 13, a second tracheal valve 14, a first differential pressure sensor 15, a second differential pressure sensor 16, a third differential pressure sensor 17 and a data processing device 18. The first nasal olive head 1 is arranged at one end of the first ventilating pipe 3, and the second nasal olive head 2 is arranged at one end of the second ventilating pipe 4; two ends of the first differential pressure sensor 15 are respectively connected with the first ventilation pressure measuring port 7 and the second ventilation pressure measuring port 11; two ends of the second differential pressure sensor 16 are respectively connected with a third ventilation pressure measuring port 8 and a fourth ventilation pressure measuring port 12; the data processing device 18 is electrically connected with the first differential pressure sensor 15, the second differential pressure sensor 16 and the third differential pressure sensor 17 respectively; a first respiratory flow sensor 9 is arranged between the first ventilation pressure measuring port 7 and the second ventilation pressure measuring port 11; a second respiratory flow sensor 10 is arranged between the third ventilation pressure measuring port 8 and the fourth ventilation pressure measuring port 12; the first respiratory flow sensor 9 and the second respiratory flow sensor 10 are respectively communicated with the other ends of the first ventilation pipe 3 and the second ventilation pipe 4, the connection positions of the first ventilation pipe 3 and the second ventilation pipe 4 with the first respiratory flow sensor 9 and the second respiratory flow sensor 10 are respectively provided with a first filter gasket 5 and a second filter gasket 6, and the rear sides of the first respiratory flow sensor 9 and the second respiratory flow sensor 10 are respectively provided with a first air pipe valve 13 and a second air pipe valve 14.

The first filter pad 5 and the second filter pad 6 are disposable filter pads designed to filter and trap a wide variety of dust, pollen and air polluting particles. Can effectively filter fine particles with the diameter of 0.1 micron, including tobacco smoke, bacteria, viruses and the like, is a disposable consumable product and cannot be cleaned, and has the advantages of simple replacement and prevention of cross infection of testers.

In this embodiment, a method for testing a bilateral nasal resistance and nasal flow testing device includes the following steps:

(1) before working, a test patient needs to sit still for 20min before diagnosis can be carried out, and the patient can only breathe through the nose in the diagnosis test process;

(2) respectively placing the first nasal olive head 1 and the second nasal olive head 2 of the gas circuit connecting device in the left nostril and the right nostril, and simultaneously starting the nasal resistance testing device to work;

(3) measuring the resistance value of the left nasal cavity:

firstly, when the resistance of the left nasal cavity is measured, the second tracheal valve 14 blocks the right nasal cavity air vent;

② the air flow in the left nasal cavity is communicated with the first olive head 1 via the first vent pipe 3, and the pressure difference P is measured via the first vent pipe 7 and the third differential pressure sensor 17₁；

③ the air pressure blocking the right nasal cavity is measured by connecting the air pressure via the second nasal olive head 2, the second vent pipe 4, the third vent pressure measuring port 8 and the third differential pressure sensor 17₂；

④ measured P of ② and ③₁And P₂Value according to Δ P ═ P₁-P₂；

⑤ the left air flow passes through the first respiratory flow sensor 9, and the rear nasal cavity pressure P is measured by connecting the second air flow pressure measuring port 11 with the first differential pressure sensor 15₃According to Δ P₂＝P₁-P₃Thereby calculating the flow velocity V.

Further calculating the relation between the pressure difference and the flow, calculating the pressure difference value delta P, thereby calculating the respiratory airflow of the nasal cavity, and calculating the peak resistance VR and the effective resistance Reff of 3-5 respiratory cycles; and (4) according to the nasal resistance quantitative grading table, judging the degree of nasal obstruction of the patient. The right nasal test method is similar to the left.

The peak nasal resistance VR and the effective nasal resistance Reff in the above steps are further described by taking a breath as an example:

(1) nasal flow with a pressure difference of 150Pa is taken as the intersection point of the four phases of the respiratory cycle in FIG. 4. Marked "! "is the only point used as diagnostic information in classical rhinography, and is the residue of graphical evaluation used before introduction of computer rhinography after 1983. Until now, all information on the curve could not be evaluated graphically.

(2) Apical resistance (VR) on inspiration and expiration (fig. 2) and logarithmic apical resistance (LVR). VR is the linear quotient of differential pressure and flow at the highest nasal airflow. In pulmonary function testing, VR is associated with the peak blood flow resistance, which is determined when inspiratory flow is maximal, while VR in 4PR is measured during normal resting respiratory activity. At this point in a breathing cycle, the airflow is by definition stable, and the resistance is linearly defined by the relationship R ═ Δ P/V, since there is no influence of acceleration and deceleration. The vertex of the curve is the only mathematically correct point for this linear relationship. In contrast, the "150 Pa drag" parameter, which is still used by some researchers, must be objected to because it is physically and mathematically wrong and therefore an unacceptable calculation in an unusually accelerating or decelerating gas flow.

(3) Effective resistance (Reff) (fig. 3) and Log Effective Resistance (LER) for inhalation, exhalation and the whole respiratory cycle. The resistivity, which is used for a long time in electrical engineering, can be calculated by any one computer by summing all measurements over a given time, which is consistent with the calculation of the integral under the pressure and flow curves. Reff is calculated after averaging the 3-5 breathing curve. The information may be derived for inspiration, expiration phase or for the whole breath. Like VR, Reff is a measured parameter representing the energy of the whole breath; it replaces rough estimation and insufficient conclusions after one measurement point, which is not always measurable.

The methods for calculating the peak nasal resistance and the effective nasal resistance are given below:

by apex resistance, the apex resistance VR is meant the resistance of the nasal airflow at the point of maximum flow (differential pressure divided by flow) when breathing in (VRin) or out (VRex) at normal breath length or depth. The advantage of the peak resistance is that it is measured during the steady phase of nasal airflow, where there is no acceleration. As already indicated by Cole, this is the longest part of the respiratory cycle. This is when the pressure and flow curves run parallel to each other, reflecting a linear relationship. It follows that it is both physically and mathematically correct to calculate the resistance in the form of a linear quotient in this region. It can be measured on inspiration and expiration, but does not represent the entire breath.

The vertex resistance calculation formula is as follows: peak nasal resistance-pressure difference/maximum flow rate (calm breathing)

The term "effective resistance" (Reff) was introduced as effective resistance in clinical nasal measurements performed by Vogt and Hoffrichter in 1993. In electrical engineering, the "effective value" is calculated by using an equation for calculating the energy of the alternating current. The effective value is the integral of the measured value over the time interval of interest:

in this equation, W may be the differential pressure Δ P or the flow rate v. By dividing these effective values by each other, the effective resistance is obtained:

for example, in a four-phase nasal test, each mean breath contains 2000 flow and pressure differential measurements. These values are added and divided. The effective resistance may be calculated during the inspiratory portion of the breathing cycle, or during the expiratory and total breathing portions. (average of the measurement data directly to obtain effective nasal resistance)

By integrating the measurements over the time interval, the time element required to deliver the necessary air into the lungs is included as a necessary diagnosis. A factor of international capital movement. Not only is this important sensory compromised nasal breathing, whether the resistance of the nose is outside a comfortable level, but the time of breathing is within an audible range.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.