阅读说明：本技术 一种粉类物质的剧烈塑性形变工艺 (Process for severe plastic deformation of powder substance ) 是由 左斯玉 刘艳雄 于 2021-07-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种粉类物质的剧烈塑性形变工艺,包括粉类物质的上料步骤：先将下模具的出料口密封,再将粉类物质从下模具的进料口注入到凹模通道中,此时粉类物质位于凹模通道内；粉类物质的压实步骤：先使上模具从上垂直往下移动,以带动上模具上的凸模一并向下移动,再由下移的凸模对凹模通道内粉类物质进行挤压,在凸模的下压过程中,粉类物质持续受到凸模施加的压力,受压的粉类物质沿凹模通道向下移动,在粉类物质下移的过程中,粉类物质先受到径向压力、推力,粉类物质继续在凹模通道内移动并受到到推力,然后粉类物质受到等径角挤压、推力,并对粉类物质继续压实。本设计不仅制备密度高,而且抗拉强度高。(A severe plastic deformation process of powder substances comprises the following steps of: sealing a discharge hole of a lower die, and injecting a powder substance into a female die channel from a feed hole of the lower die, wherein the powder substance is positioned in the female die channel; compacting the powder material: the upper die is vertically moved downwards from the top to drive the male die on the upper die to move downwards together, then the downward-moving male die extrudes the powder substances in the female die channel, the powder substances are continuously pressed by the male die in the downward pressing process of the male die, the pressed powder substances move downwards along the female die channel, the powder substances are firstly subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the downward moving process of the powder substances, the powder substances continuously move in the female die channel and are subjected to thrust, and then the powder substances are subjected to equal-diameter angular extrusion and thrust and are continuously compacted. The design not only has high preparation density, but also has high tensile strength.)

1. A severe plastic deformation process of powder substances is characterized in that: the severe plastic deformation process comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of: sealing a discharge hole (7) of a lower die (2), and injecting a powder substance into a female die channel (5) from a feed hole (6) of the lower die (2), wherein the powder substance is positioned in the female die channel (5);

compacting the powder material: the upper die (1) is vertically moved downwards from the top to drive the male die (3) on the upper die (1) to move downwards together, then the downward-moving male die (3) extrudes the powder substances in the female die channel (5), the powder substances are continuously subjected to pressure exerted by the male die (3) in the downward pressing process of the male die (3), the pressed powder substances move downwards along the female die channel (5), the powder substances are firstly subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the downward moving process of the powder substances, the powder substances continuously move in the female die channel (5) and are subjected to thrust, and then the powder substances are subjected to equal-diameter-angle extrusion and thrust and are continuously compacted;

discharging the powder substances: and when the powder substance moves downwards to the discharge port (7), opening the discharge port (7) to extrude the powder substance out of the discharge port (7) so as to obtain the powder substance with rearranged crystal grains, cooling the extruded powder substance to finish deformation, and finishing the severe plastic deformation process.

2. The severe plastic deformation process of a powder-like substance according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding step of the powder substances comprises the following steps:

during the injection of the powder, the powder is heated by a heating rod (8).

3. The severe plastic deformation process of a powder-like substance according to claim 2, characterized in that:

the heating rod (8) is connected with the controller (10), the controller (10) is connected with the sensor (9), and the sensor (9) is used for detecting the temperature of the powder substances in the die channel (5).

4. A process for severe plastic deformation of a powder-like substance according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the top surface of bed die (2) bottom surface and last mould (1) is planar structure, it is connected with the slider of press to go up mould (1), bed die (2) are connected with the workstation of press, the bottom of going up mould (1) is provided with terrace die (3), the top of bed die (2) is provided with die (4), be provided with die passageway (5) in die (4), the top of die (4) is provided with feed inlet (6), one side of die (4) is provided with discharge gate (7), feed inlet (6) are linked together through die passageway (5) with discharge gate (7).

5. The severe plastic deformation process of a powder-like substance according to claim 4, wherein: the female die channel (5) comprises a first vertical cavity (51), a second vertical cavity (52), a third vertical cavity (53), a bent cavity (54) and a transverse cavity (55), the first vertical cavity (51), the second vertical cavity (52) and the third vertical cavity (53) are sequentially connected, and the third vertical cavity (53) is connected with the transverse cavity (55) through the bent cavity (54);

the powder substance is pre-pressed in the first vertical cavity (51), the powder substance is subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the second vertical cavity (52), the powder substance is subjected to thrust transmitted by the powder substance in the second vertical cavity (52) in the third vertical cavity (53), the powder substance is subjected to equal-diameter-angle extrusion and thrust in the bent cavity (54), and the powder substance is subjected to thrust of the powder substance in the bent cavity (54) in the transverse cavity (55).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of powder substances, in particular to a severe plastic deformation process of a powder substance, which is mainly suitable for improving the preparation density and tensile strength.

Background

The powder material is widely used, and the powder material is formed into a new material with good performance through a deformation process.

The invention application of the chinese patent, application publication No. cn201811275171.x, application publication No. 2019, 03, and 08, proposes a powder material molding method, in which the heated raw material is directly fed into a molding die located below a double-station heating device for press molding, so as to improve the situation that cracks are generated on the surface of a product, but the following problems still exist:

firstly, the density of the prepared powder material is lower by the existing extrusion method; secondly, the tensile strength is low, and the prepared powder material has poor mechanical properties.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and problems of low preparation density and low tensile strength in the prior art, and provides a severe plastic deformation process for preparing powder substances with high density and high tensile strength.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows: a severe plastic deformation process of a powder substance, comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of: sealing a discharge hole of a lower die, and injecting a powder substance into a female die channel from a feed hole of the lower die, wherein the powder substance is positioned in the female die channel;

compacting the powder material: the method comprises the following steps that an upper die is vertically moved downwards from the top to drive a male die on the upper die to move downwards together, then the downward-moving male die extrudes powder substances in a female die channel, the powder substances are continuously subjected to pressure exerted by the male die in the downward-moving process of the male die, the pressed powder substances move downwards along the female die channel, the powder substances are firstly subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the downward-moving process of the powder substances, the powder substances continuously move in the female die channel and are subjected to thrust, and then the powder substances are subjected to equal-diameter angular extrusion and thrust and are continuously compacted;

discharging the powder substances: and when the powder substance moves downwards to the discharge port, opening the discharge port to enable the powder substance to be extruded out of the discharge port so as to obtain the powder substance with rearranged crystal grains, cooling the extruded powder substance to finish deformation, and finishing the severe plastic deformation process.

The feeding step of the powder substances comprises the following steps: during the injection of the powder, the powder is heated using a heating rod.

The heating rod is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the sensor, and the sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the powder substances in the female die channel.

The bottom surface of the lower die and the top surface of the upper die are of a planar structure, the upper die is connected with a slide block of a press machine, the lower die is connected with a workbench of the press machine, a male die is arranged at the bottom of the upper die, a female die is arranged at the top of the lower die, a female die channel is arranged in the female die, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the female die, a discharge outlet is formed in one side of the female die, and the feed inlet is communicated with the discharge outlet through the female die channel.

The female die channel comprises a first vertical cavity, a second vertical cavity, a third vertical cavity, a bent cavity and a transverse cavity, the first vertical cavity, the second vertical cavity and the third vertical cavity are sequentially connected, and the third vertical cavity is connected with the transverse cavity through the bent cavity;

the powder substance is pre-pressed in the first vertical cavity, the powder substance is subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the second vertical cavity, the powder substance is subjected to thrust transmitted by the powder substance in the second vertical cavity in the third vertical cavity, the powder substance is subjected to equal-diameter angular extrusion and thrust in the bent cavity, and the powder substance is subjected to thrust of the powder substance in the bent cavity in the transverse cavity.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the severe plastic deformation process of the powder substance, the powder substance is extruded through the female die channel, during extrusion, the powder substance is firstly subjected to radial pressure and thrust, then the powder substance is subjected to equal-diameter angular extrusion and thrust, the powder substance is finally extruded through the discharge port under the action of the male die, and the preparation of the powder substance is completed. Therefore, the invention not only has high preparation density, but also has high tensile strength.

2. According to the severe plastic deformation process of the powder substance, the powder substance is heated by the heating rod in the injection process of the powder substance, the heating rod is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the sensor, the powder substance is heated by the heating rod when the severe plastic deformation process is used, the sensor and the controller can control the heating rod to heat the die, the temperature of the die can be accurately controlled, the phenomenon of overhigh temperature is avoided, and the heating effect is good; and the die channel is divided into a first vertical cavity, a second vertical cavity, a third vertical cavity, a bent cavity and a transverse cavity, the powder substance is pre-pressed in the first vertical cavity, the powder substance is subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the second vertical cavity, the powder substance is subjected to thrust transmitted by the powder substance in the second vertical cavity in the third vertical cavity, the powder substance is subjected to equal-diameter-angle extrusion and thrust in the bent cavity, and the powder substance is subjected to thrust of the powder substance in the bent cavity in the transverse cavity. Therefore, the invention has good heating effect, good stability and high reliability.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the controller of the present invention with a temperature sensor and a heating rod.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the female mold passageway of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the first insert of fig. 1.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the first insert of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the second insert of fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a front view of a second insert according to the present invention.

In the figure: the die comprises an upper die 1, an upper die seat plate 11, an upper die base plate 12, a punch fixing plate 13, a guide sleeve 14, a third screw 15, a positioning pin 16, a lower die 2, a lower die seat plate 21, a lower die base plate 22, a guide pillar 23, a first screw 24, a punch 3, a die 4, a first insert 41, a second insert 42, a second screw 43, a first mounting hole 44, a second mounting hole 45, an assembling pin 46, a die channel 5, a first vertical cavity 51, a second vertical cavity 52, a third vertical cavity 53, a bent cavity 54, a transverse cavity 55, a feeding hole 6, a discharging hole 7, a heating rod 8, a temperature sensor 9 and a controller 10.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a severe plastic deformation process of a powder-like substance, the severe plastic deformation process comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps of: sealing a discharge hole 7 of the lower die 2, and injecting the powder substance into the female die channel 5 from a feed hole 6 of the lower die 2, wherein the powder substance is positioned in the female die channel 5;

compacting the powder material: the method comprises the following steps that an upper die 1 is vertically moved downwards from the top to drive a male die 3 on the upper die 1 to move downwards together, then the male die 3 moving downwards extrudes powder substances in a female die channel 5, the powder substances are continuously subjected to pressure applied by the male die 3 in the downward pressing process of the male die 3, the pressed powder substances move downwards along the female die channel 5, the powder substances are firstly subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the downward moving process of the powder substances, the powder substances continuously move in the female die channel 5 and are subjected to the thrust, and then the powder substances are subjected to equal-radial-angle extrusion and thrust and are continuously compacted;

discharging the powder substances: and when the powder substance moves downwards to the discharge port 7, opening the discharge port 7 to enable the powder substance to be extruded out of the discharge port 7 so as to obtain the powder substance with rearranged crystal grains, cooling the extruded powder substance to finish deformation, and finishing the severe plastic deformation process.

The feeding step of the powder substances comprises the following steps: during the injection of the powder, the powder is heated using the heating rod 8.

The heating rod 8 is connected with a controller 10, the controller 10 is connected with a sensor 9, and the sensor 9 is used for detecting the temperature of the powder substances in the female die channel 5.

2 bottom surfaces of bed die and the top surface of last mould 1 are planar structure, it is connected with the slider of press to go up mould 1, bed die 2 is connected with the workstation of press, the bottom of going up mould 1 is provided with terrace die 3, the top of bed die 2 is provided with die 4, be provided with die channel 5 in the die 4, the top of die 4 is provided with feed inlet 6, one side of die 4 is provided with discharge gate 7, feed inlet 6 is linked together through die channel 5 with discharge gate 7.

The female die channel 5 comprises a first vertical cavity 51, a second vertical cavity 52, a third vertical cavity 53, a bent cavity 54 and a transverse cavity 55, the first vertical cavity 51, the second vertical cavity 52 and the third vertical cavity 53 are sequentially connected, and the third vertical cavity 53 is connected with the transverse cavity 55 through the bent cavity 54;

the powder is pre-pressed in the first vertical cavity 51, the powder is subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the second vertical cavity 52, the powder is subjected to thrust transmitted by the powder in the second vertical cavity 52 in the third vertical cavity 53, the powder is subjected to equal-diameter-angle extrusion and thrust in the curved cavity 54, and the powder is subjected to thrust of the powder in the curved cavity 54 in the transverse cavity 55.

The second is erect the chamber 52 and is the round platform form, and the contained angle that forms between the generating line of round platform and the axis is 30-40, the internal diameter at the second is erect the chamber 52 top and is the same with the internal diameter of first perpendicular chamber 51, the internal diameter of second is erect the chamber 52 bottom and is the same with the internal diameter of third perpendicular chamber 53, and the internal diameter at the second is erect the chamber 52 top and is greater than the internal diameter of second and erect the chamber 52 bottom, the contained angle that forms between the axis of third perpendicular chamber 53 and the axis of cross chamber 55 is 90-135, the cross section of curved chamber 54 is fan-shaped structure, fan-shaped central angle is half of formation contained angle between the axis of third perpendicular chamber 53 and the axis of cross chamber 55, the internal diameter of first perpendicular chamber 51 is greater than the internal diameter of cross chamber 55 by 4-8mm, the length of third perpendicular chamber 53 is 10mm, the length of cross chamber 55 is 10-15 mm.

The die 4 comprises a first insert 41 and a second insert 42 at the bottom of the first insert 41, a second screw 43 is arranged at the top of the first insert 41, the first insert 41 and the second insert 42 are fixedly mounted through the second screw 43, the first vertical cavity 51, the second vertical cavity 52 and the third vertical cavity 53 are arranged inside the first insert 41, the bent cavity 54 and the transverse cavity 55 are arranged at the bottom of the first insert 41 and at the top of the second insert 42, and the discharge hole 7 is located at the connecting part of the first insert 41 and the second insert 42.

An assembly pin 46 penetrating into the second insert 42 is inserted into the top of the first insert 41, and the assembly pin 46 is used for connecting and positioning the first insert 41 and the second insert 42.

The top of the first insert 41 is provided with a first mounting hole 44 and a second mounting hole 45, the first mounting hole 44 is uniformly distributed around the feed inlet 6, the second mounting hole 45 is arranged at a position between the first mounting hole 44 and the feed inlet 6, the first mounting hole 44 and the second mounting hole 45 are uniformly distributed by taking the feed inlet 6 as a circle center, a heating rod 8 is arranged in the first mounting hole 44, a temperature sensor 9 is arranged in the second mounting hole 45, the temperature sensor 9 is in signal connection with the controller 10, the heating rod 8 is electrically connected with the controller 10, and the controller 10 is externally connected with a power supply.

The bottom end of the heating rod 8 is located at the junction of the curved cavity 54 and the transverse cavity 55.

The male die 3 is of a circular hanging table straight-through type structure.

The outer surfaces of the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 are wrapped with heat insulation materials.

And a gap is arranged between the male die 3 and the inner wall of the feed inlet 6.

The lower die 1 comprises an upper die base plate 11, an upper die backing plate 12, a punch retainer plate 11 and a guide sleeve 14, the top of the upper die base plate 11 is connected with a slide block on the press, the upper die cushion plate 12 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die base plate 11, the punch retainer 11 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die cushion plate 12, the punch 1 is arranged in the punch retainer 11, the top of the upper die base plate 11 is provided with a third screw 15 which sequentially penetrates through the upper die base plate 11 and the upper die backing plate 12 and extends into the male die fixing plate 11, the punch retainer plate 11 is fixedly mounted with the upper die cushion plate 12 through a third screw 15, a positioning pin 16 penetrating through the upper die cushion plate 12 and extending into the punch retainer plate 11 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die base plate 11, the guide sleeves 14 are arranged at four corners of the upper die base plate 11, the guide sleeve 14 is matched with the guide post 21 for use, and the guide sleeve 34 and the guide post 23 adopt an asymmetric design.

Lower mould 2 includes lower mould bedplate 21, lower die plate 22 and guide pillar 23, lower mould bedplate 21's bottom is connected with the workstation of press, lower die plate 22 sets up the top at lower mould bedplate 21, die 4 sets up the top at lower die plate 22, lower mould bedplate 21's bottom is provided with the first screw 24 that passes lower mould bedplate 21, lower die plate 22 in proper order and extend to in the die 4, die 4 is through first screw 24 and lower die plate 22 fixed mounting, guide pillar 23 sets up on lower mould bedplate 21's four corners.

The principle of the invention is illustrated as follows:

the design mainly changes the stress of the powder substances during extrusion through the female die channel, so that the powder substances are extruded by radial pressure and equal channel angle in sequence, the crystal grains of the extruded material are refined, the arrangement direction of the crystal grains of the material is changed, the mechanical property of the powder substances is enhanced, and the effects of high density and high tensile strength of the prepared material are achieved.

When the powder material injection mold is used, the steps are firstly carried out, the discharge hole 7 of the lower mold 2 is sealed, then the powder material is injected into the female mold channel 5 from the feed hole 6 of the lower mold 2, the mold is heated by using a heating rod, heat reaches the powder material through heat conduction, and at the moment, the powder material is positioned in the female mold channel 5;

then, the compaction step is carried out, the upper die 1 vertically moves downwards from the top to drive the male die 3 on the upper die 1 to move downwards together, then the downward moving male die 3 extrudes the powder substances in the female die channel 5, in the downward pressing process of the male die 3, the powder substances are continuously subjected to the pressure applied by the male die 3, the powder substances are pre-pressed in the first vertical cavity 51, the powder substances are subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the second vertical cavity 52 to improve the preparation density of the powder substances, so that the prepared powder substances have higher density, the powder substances are subjected to the thrust transmitted by the powder substances in the second vertical cavity 52 in the third vertical cavity 53, the powder substances are subjected to equal-diameter angular extrusion and thrust in the bent cavity 54, and are subjected to plastic deformation through equal-diameter angular extrusion to refine grains of the extruded material, change the arrangement direction of the grains of the material, and achieve the purpose of enhancing the mechanical property of the powder substances, the tensile strength is improved, and the powder substance is pushed by the powder substance in the bent cavity 54 in the transverse cavity 55;

and then, a discharging step is carried out, when the powder substances move downwards to the discharging port 7, the discharging port 7 is opened, the powder substances are extruded out of the discharging port 7 to obtain the powder substances with rearranged crystal grains, the extruded powder substances are cooled to complete deformation, and at the moment, the severe plastic deformation process is finished.

In the process of extrusion, when the sensor 9 detects that the temperature of the die is higher than the set temperature, the controller 10 stops heating the die, and when the sensor 9 detects that the temperature of the die is lower than the minimum value of the set temperature, the controller 10 starts heating the die.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1 to 8, a severe plastic deformation process of a powder-like substance, the severe plastic deformation process comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps of: sealing a discharge hole 7 of the lower die 2, and injecting the powder substance into the female die channel 5 from a feed hole 6 of the lower die 2, wherein the powder substance is positioned in the female die channel 5; compacting the powder material: the method comprises the following steps that an upper die 1 is vertically moved downwards from the top to drive a male die 3 on the upper die 1 to move downwards together, then the male die 3 moving downwards extrudes powder substances in a female die channel 5, the powder substances are continuously subjected to pressure applied by the male die 3 in the downward pressing process of the male die 3, the pressed powder substances move downwards along the female die channel 5, the powder substances are firstly subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the downward moving process of the powder substances, the powder substances continuously move in the female die channel 5 and are subjected to the thrust, and then the powder substances are subjected to equal-radial-angle extrusion and thrust and are continuously compacted; discharging the powder substances: and when the powder substance moves downwards to the discharge port 7, opening the discharge port 7 to enable the powder substance to be extruded out of the discharge port 7 so as to obtain the powder substance with rearranged crystal grains, cooling the extruded powder substance to finish deformation, and finishing the severe plastic deformation process.

The feeding step of the powder substances comprises the following steps: in the injection process of the powder substance, the heating rod 8 is used for heating the powder substance; the heating rod 8 is connected with a controller 10, the controller 10 is connected with a sensor 9, and the sensor 9 is used for detecting the temperature of the powder substances in the female die channel 5.

Example 2:

the basic contents are the same as example 1, except that:

referring to fig. 1 to 8, the bottom surface of the lower die 2 and the top surface of the upper die 1 are both of a planar structure, the upper die 1 is connected with a slide block of a press machine, the lower die 2 is connected with a workbench of the press machine, a male die 3 is arranged at the bottom of the upper die 1, a female die 4 is arranged at the top of the lower die 2, a female die channel 5 is arranged in the female die 4, a feed inlet 6 is arranged at the top of the female die 4, a discharge outlet 7 is arranged at one side of the female die 4, and the feed inlet 6 is communicated with the discharge outlet 7 through the female die channel 5; the female die channel 5 comprises a first vertical cavity 51, a second vertical cavity 52, a third vertical cavity 53, a bent cavity 54 and a transverse cavity 55, the first vertical cavity 51, the second vertical cavity 52 and the third vertical cavity 53 are sequentially connected, and the third vertical cavity 53 is connected with the transverse cavity 55 through the bent cavity 54; the powder is pre-pressed in the first vertical cavity 51, the powder is subjected to radial pressure and thrust in the second vertical cavity 52, the powder is subjected to thrust transmitted by the powder in the second vertical cavity 52 in the third vertical cavity 53, the powder is subjected to equal-diameter-angle extrusion and thrust in the curved cavity 54, and the powder is subjected to thrust of the powder in the curved cavity 54 in the transverse cavity 55.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art according to the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.