阅读说明：本技术 眼科测量系统 (Ophthalmologic measuring system ) 是由 蔡守东 郭曙光 吴蕾 代祥松 李鹏 王辉 于 2019-02-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种眼科测量系统,用于检测被检眼,包括主体模块、基准平面、切换扫描元件、眼前节光路组件、眼后节光路组件及分光元件,眼前节光路组件、眼后节光路组件及分光元件均设置于基准平面,切换扫描元件可绕一定轴转动,以实现光路在眼前节光路组件和眼后节光路组件之间切换并可对被检眼眼前节和眼后节进行水平扫描。本发明可基于谱域OCT技术实现对被检眼眼前节和眼后节扫描的切换以确定被检眼眼轴长,同时也可克服现有技术结构复杂、成本高昂的缺点,还能实现水平扫描。(An ophthalmologic measuring system for detecting an eye to be inspected comprises a main body module, a reference plane, a switching scanning element, an anterior segment light path component, a posterior segment light path component and a light splitting element, wherein the anterior segment light path component, the posterior segment light path component and the light splitting element are all arranged on the reference plane, and the switching scanning element can rotate around a certain shaft so as to realize that a light path is switched between the anterior segment light path component and the posterior segment light path component and can horizontally scan the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected. The invention can realize the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected based on the spectral domain OCT technology so as to determine the axial length of the eye to be detected, and can overcome the defects of complex structure and high cost in the prior art and realize horizontal scanning.)

1. An ophthalmologic measuring system for detecting an eye to be examined is characterized by comprising a main body module, a reference plane, a switching scanning element, an anterior segment optical path component, a posterior segment optical path component, a light splitting element and a system main optical axis,

the main body module is used for providing measurement light and reference light, receiving first anterior ocular segment signal light and second posterior ocular segment signal light, respectively interfering the first anterior ocular segment signal light, the second posterior ocular segment signal light and the reference light, and collecting corresponding interference light;

the system main optical axis comprises an emergent main optical axis which is positioned on the reference plane, the switching scanning element can rotate around a fixed axis, and the switching scanning element has a first working position and a second working position and can be switched between the first working position and the second working position by rotating around the fixed axis;

the anterior ocular segment optical path assembly comprises a first reflector, the posterior ocular segment optical path assembly comprises a reflecting element and an optical element, and the intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the first reflector and the intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the optical element are both positioned on the reference plane;

when the switching scanning element is in the first working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected by the switching scanning element to the first reflecting mirror, reflected by the first reflecting mirror to the light splitting element, transmitted to the eye to be inspected through the light splitting element, and scattered by the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected to form anterior segment signal light, the anterior segment signal light is scattered to the light splitting element through the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the light splitting element splits the anterior segment signal light into the first anterior segment signal light and the second anterior segment signal light, transmits the first anterior segment signal light to the first reflecting mirror, is reflected to the switching scanning element through the first reflecting mirror, and is reflected by the switching scanning element to enter the main body module,

when the switching scanning element is in the second working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected to the retroreflective element by the switching scanning element, reflected to the optical element by the retroreflective element, reflected to the light splitting element by the optical element, and transmitted to the eye to be inspected by the light splitting element, and scattered by the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected to form posterior segment signal light, which is scattered to the light splitting element by the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the light splitting element splits the posterior ocular segment signal light into first posterior ocular segment signal light and the second posterior ocular segment signal light and transmits the second posterior ocular segment signal light to the optical element, the second eye back signal light is reflected to the retroreflective element through the optical element, then reflected to the switching scanning element through the retroreflective element and reflected to enter the main body module through the switching scanning element.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said switching scanning element is rotatable about said fixed axis in said first operative position, said switching scanning element is rotatable about said fixed axis in said first operative position to effect scanning of said anterior ocular segment of said eye to be examined, said switching scanning element is rotatable about said fixed axis in said second operative position, and said switching scanning element is rotatable about said fixed axis in said second operative position to effect scanning of said posterior ocular segment of said eye to be examined.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the fixed axis is parallel to the exit primary optical axis when the system is in a detection condition.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the retroreflective element includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, an intersection of a main optical axis of the system and the second reflective surface is located in the reference plane, and wherein when the switching scanning element is in the second operating position, the measurement light is reflected by the switching scanning element to the first reflective surface and then sequentially reflected by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface to the optical element.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the anterior ocular segment optical assembly includes a second mirror, the second reflective surface, the optical element, the first mirror, the switching scanning element, and the second mirror being arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the emergent primary optical axis,

when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measuring light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the second reflecting mirror.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the anterior ocular segment optical assembly includes a third mirror, a line connecting the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the first mirror and the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the second mirror is perpendicular to the exit principal optical axis, a line connecting the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the second mirror and the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the third mirror is parallel to the exit principal optical axis, a line connecting the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the third mirror and the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the beam splitting element is perpendicular to the exit principal optical axis,

when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, reflected to the third reflecting mirror by the second reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the third reflecting mirror.

7. The system of claim 4, wherein the retroreflective elements are movable in a direction perpendicular to the outgoing main optical axis.

8. The system of claim 2, wherein the switched scanning element is located outside of the reference plane, the fixed axis being parallel to the reference plane and perpendicular to the exit primary optical axis.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the retroreflective element includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, a line connecting an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the switching scanning element and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the first reflective surface is perpendicular to the reference plane, a line connecting an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the second reflective surface and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the optical element is also perpendicular to the reference plane, and when the switching scanning element is in the second working position, the measurement light is reflected to the first reflective surface by the switching scanning element and then sequentially reflected to the optical element by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the anterior ocular segment optical assembly includes a second mirror, a line connecting an intersection of the system principal optical axis and the first mirror and an intersection of the system principal optical axis and the second mirror is parallel to the exit principal optical axis, a line connecting an intersection of the system principal optical axis and the second mirror and an intersection of the system principal optical axis and the light splitting element is perpendicular to the exit principal optical axis,

when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measuring light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the second reflecting mirror.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the retroreflective elements are movable in a direction perpendicular to the reference plane.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference plane is perpendicular to a line joining the centers of the pupils of the left and right eyes of the eye being examined when the system is in the inspection mode.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the system includes a scan plane, the scan plane is perpendicular to the reference plane, the exit principal optical axis is located in the scan plane, a line connecting centers of pupils of left and right eyes of the eye to be inspected is located in the scan plane when the system is in the inspection condition, and paths of the measurement light transmitted to the eye to be inspected through the light splitting element are located in the scan plane.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of ophthalmic examination equipment, and particularly relates to an ophthalmic measurement system.

Background

Effective prevention and treatment of cataract surgery, corneal refractive surgery, and juvenile myopia requires accurate measurement of a number of parameters of the eye, such as anterior and posterior corneal surface curvature, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, anterior and posterior lens surface curvature, axial length of the eye, white-to-white distance, pupil diameter, and the like. In the prior art, the most widely used ultrasonic technology is used for obtaining the plurality of parameters, but the measurement precision is low.

In response to the disadvantages of the ultrasonic technology, an ophthalmic measuring system based on OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) technology has been developed for obtaining the plurality of parameters. OCT is a new optical imaging technology, has the advantages of high resolution, high imaging speed, no radiation damage, compact structure and the like, and is an important potential tool for basic medical research and clinical diagnosis application. OCT techniques can be divided into TDOCT (Time Domain OCT) and FDOCT (Frequency Domain OCT), which can be further divided into ssct (Swept Source OCT) and SDOCT (Spectral Domain OCT). The ophthalmologic measurement system is easy to realize based on a time domain OCT technology or a swept source OCT technology, and the realization difficulty is high based on a spectral domain OCT technology.

Chinese patent application No. 200710020707.9 discloses a method for measuring the axial length of the eye, which is the length from the corneal vertex to the fovea of the macula of the retina, using time-domain OCT. The method adopts a stepping motor to move a probe back and forth to realize the adjustment of an optical path so as to image the cornea and the eyeground, and has the following defects: 1) the imaging time required by the forward and backward movement of the stepping motor is long, real-time imaging cannot be realized, and the measured object can shake, blink and the like during imaging, so that the measured parameters such as the eye axis length and the like have large errors; 2) the method cannot perform transverse scanning on the eyes and cannot judge the positions of the corneal vertex and the macular fovea, so that the difference between the measured axial length of the eyes and the actual axial length of the eyes is large; 3) organs such as cornea, aqueous humor and crystalline lens exist between the cornea and the retina to refract light entering the eye, and the method cannot realize the focusing of measuring light on the cornea and the retina at the same time, and has poor imaging quality.

In short, the ophthalmological measurement system based on the time-domain OCT has the disadvantages of slow imaging speed, low measurement accuracy, poor image quality, and the like, and the defects of the ultrasonic technology are not overcome. The ophthalmology measuring system based on the swept source OCT technology overcomes many defects of the ultrasonic technology, but is high in price and difficult to popularize.

Chinese patent publication No. CN103892791A discloses a system and method for switching the scanning of anterior segment and posterior segment of eye to be detected so as to determine the axial length of eye based on spectral domain OCT technique. However, the switching mechanism adopts a plurality of switching mechanisms, and the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected can be realized only by matching the switching mechanisms, so that the structure is complex and the maintenance is difficult; the cost is high and the popularization is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on OCT technology, the invention provides an ophthalmologic measurement system, belongs to another technical scheme which can realize the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected so as to determine the axial length of the eye to be detected based on spectral domain OCT technology, and can overcome the defects of complex structure and high cost in the prior art.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:

an ophthalmologic measurement system for detecting an eye to be examined comprises a main body module, a reference plane, a switching scanning element, an anterior segment optical path component, a posterior segment optical path component, a light splitting element and a system main optical axis, wherein the main body module is used for providing measurement light and reference light, receiving first anterior segment signal light and second posterior segment signal light, respectively interfering the first anterior segment signal light and the second posterior segment signal light with the reference light and collecting corresponding interference light; the system main optical axis comprises an emergent main optical axis which is positioned on the reference plane, the switching scanning element can rotate around a fixed axis, and the switching scanning element has a first working position and a second working position and can be switched between the first working position and the second working position by rotating around the fixed axis; the anterior ocular segment optical path assembly comprises a first reflector, the posterior ocular segment optical path assembly comprises a reflecting element and an optical element, and the intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the first reflector and the intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the optical element are both positioned on the reference plane; when the switching scanning element is in the first working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected by the switching scanning element to the first reflecting mirror, reflected by the first reflecting mirror to the light splitting element, transmitted to the eye to be inspected through the light splitting element, and scattered by the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected to form anterior segment signal light, the anterior segment signal light is scattered to the light splitting element through the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the light splitting element splits the anterior segment signal light into the first anterior segment signal light and the second anterior segment signal light, transmits the first anterior segment signal light to the first reflecting mirror, is reflected to the switching scanning element through the first reflecting mirror, and is reflected by the switching scanning element to enter the main body module,

when the switching scanning element is in the second working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected to the retroreflective element by the switching scanning element, reflected to the optical element by the retroreflective element, reflected to the light splitting element by the optical element, and transmitted to the eye to be inspected by the light splitting element, and scattered by the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected to form posterior segment signal light, which is scattered to the light splitting element by the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the light splitting element splits the posterior ocular segment signal light into first posterior ocular segment signal light and the second posterior ocular segment signal light and transmits the second posterior ocular segment signal light to the optical element, the second eye back signal light is reflected to the retroreflective element through the optical element, then reflected to the switching scanning element through the retroreflective element and reflected to enter the main body module through the switching scanning element.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switching scanning element is rotatable around the fixed axis in the first working position to scan the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the switching scanning element is rotatable around the fixed axis in the second working position, and the switching scanning element is rotatable around the fixed axis in the second working position to scan the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed axis is parallel to the main exit optical axis when the system is in the detection condition.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retroreflective element includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the second reflective surface is located on the reference plane, and when the switching scanning element is located at the second working position, the measurement light is reflected to the first reflective surface by the switching scanning element, and then is reflected to the optical element by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface in sequence.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical path assembly includes a second reflecting mirror, and the second reflecting surface, the optical element, the first reflecting mirror, the switching scanning element and the second reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged along a direction perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis, and when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measuring light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the second reflecting mirror.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical path assembly includes a third reflector, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the first reflector and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the second reflector is perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the second reflector and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the third reflector are parallel to the emergent main optical axis, and a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the third reflector and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the light splitting element is perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis; when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, reflected to the third reflecting mirror by the second reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the third reflecting mirror.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retroreflective element is movable in a direction perpendicular to the outgoing main optical axis.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switching scanning element is located outside the reference plane, and the fixed axis is parallel to the reference plane and perpendicular to the outgoing main optical axis.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retroreflective element includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the switching scanning element and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the first reflective surface is perpendicular to the reference plane, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the second reflective surface and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the optical element is also perpendicular to the reference plane, and when the switching scanning element is located at the second working position, the measurement light is reflected to the first reflective surface by the switching scanning element and then sequentially reflected to the optical element by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical assembly includes a second reflector, a line connecting an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the first reflector and an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the second reflector is parallel to the emergent main optical axis, and a line connecting an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the second reflector and an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the light splitting element is perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis; when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measuring light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the second reflecting mirror.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retroreflective element is movable in a direction perpendicular to the reference plane.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reference plane is perpendicular to a line connecting centers of pupils of left and right eyes of the eye to be inspected when the system is in the inspection condition.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a scanning plane, the scanning plane is perpendicular to the reference plane, the emergent main optical axis is located in the scanning plane, when the system is in a detection operating condition, a line connecting centers of pupils of left and right eyes of the eye to be detected is located in the scanning plane, and paths of the measurement light transmitted to the eye to be detected through the light splitting element are located in the scanning plane.

The ophthalmologic measuring system provided by the embodiment of the invention controls and switches the rotation angle of the scanning element to rapidly switch the anterior segment imaging or the posterior segment imaging of the eye to be detected, and obtains the relevant parameters of the eye to be detected by calculating the optical path difference of the anterior segment imaging and the posterior segment imaging; and the switching scanning element also has a scanning function, so that the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected can be realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides another technical scheme which can realize the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected so as to determine the axial length of the eye to be detected based on the spectral domain OCT technology, and can overcome the defects of complex structure and high cost in the prior art.

Furthermore, in the ophthalmic measurement system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical path component and the posterior ocular segment optical path component are both located on the reference plane, so that the optical path structure can be vertically arranged, the ophthalmic measurement system has a relatively beautiful appearance, and is in line with human engineering, thereby avoiding the oppression on the patient to be measured. On the basis, the switching scanning element can rotate around a certain shaft to realize anterior segment scanning and posterior segment scanning and switch between the anterior segment scanning and the posterior segment scanning, so that the eye to be detected can be scanned in the horizontal direction.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an ophthalmic measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ophthalmic measurement system of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the switching scanning element in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a retroreflective element according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5(a) to 5(b) are timing diagrams of switching the scanning element and the detector in fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the illumination lamps in the illumination light source of fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an ophthalmic measurement system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the ophthalmic measurement system of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the switching scanning element in fig. 8.

The notations in the figures are as follows:

in the first embodiment:

system main optical axis L emergent main optical axis L₁Eye to be inspected E

Main body module 100

Light source 101 coupler 103 detector 105 reference arm assembly 130

Reference arm lens 131 reference arm mirror 133 polarization controller 107

Focusing lens 109 controller 111

Reference plane 10

First end 11, second end 13, third end 15, fourth end 17

Switching the scanning element 30

First working position 30a and second working position 30b are fixed on shaft 33

Anterior ocular segment optical assembly 50

First mirror 51 first relay lens 53 second mirror 55

Third mirror 57 second relay lens 59

Posterior ocular segment optical assembly 70

Retroreflective elements 71 optical elements 73 refractive adjustment elements 75

Light splitting element 80

Objective lens 90

Vision fixation optical module 300

Fixation light source 301 fixation lens 303

Anterior ocular segment imaging module 500

Illumination light source 501 lamp 501a spectroscope 502 expanding lens 503

Third mirror 505 image pickup lens 507 image pickup device 509