阅读说明：本技术 一种控制井筒内压力的井下开关装置及方法 (Underground switch device and method for controlling pressure in shaft ) 是由 牛彩云 甘庆明 李佰涛 魏韦 杨海涛 张磊 石海霞 呼苏娟 辛宏 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于采油工程技术领域,具体涉及一种控制井筒内压力的井下开关装置及方法。本发明通过连接在泵下油管下方的开关控制件和坐封在套管内的开关器主体有机组合而成；开关控制件通过与开关器主体接触来控制开启。本发明能够有效控制井筒内压力,将井筒高压转化常压或低压,实现了油井有杆系统和无杆系统的快速投产,有效降低了作业的风险。(The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, and particularly relates to an underground switch device and method for controlling pressure in a shaft. The invention is formed by organically combining a switch control piece connected below an oil pipe under a pump and a switch device main body in a casing pipe in a setting way; the switch control member is controlled to be turned on by being in contact with the switch main body. The invention can effectively control the pressure in the shaft, convert the high pressure of the shaft into normal pressure or low pressure, realize the rapid production of a rod system and a rodless system of an oil well, and effectively reduce the risk of operation.)

1. A downhole switching device for controlling pressure in a wellbore, comprising: comprises a switch control piece connected below an oil pipe (1) under the pump and a switch main body sealed in a sleeve (17); the switch control member is controlled to be turned on by being in contact with the switch main body.

2. A downhole switching device for controlling pressure in a wellbore according to claim 1 wherein: the switch main body comprises a releasing packer (2), a support piece and a float switch (4); the float switch (4), the releasing packer (2) and the support piece are sequentially connected from top to bottom.

3. A downhole switching device for controlling pressure in a wellbore according to claim 2 wherein: the supporting part adopts a supporting slip (3).

4. A downhole switching device for controlling pressure in a wellbore according to claim 1 wherein: the switch control piece is a through rod (5) of a hollow conical body.

5. A downhole switching device for controlling pressure in a wellbore according to claim 4 wherein: the through rod (5) is a hollow integrated structure consisting of a cylinder at the upper part and a cone at the lower part.

6. A method of controlling pressure in a wellbore comprising the steps of

The method comprises the following steps: sequentially connecting a plug (6), a perforated pipe (7), a tail pipe (8), a supporting slip (3), a releasing packer (2) and a float switch (4) from bottom to top, and then connecting the plug and the sleeve under an operating oil pipe (10);

step two: conveying the device connected in the step into a sleeve (17) through an operation machine (9), lifting an operation oil pipe (10) after the device is lowered to a preset position, opening a supporting slip (3), pressing a setting releasing packer (2) by a wellhead, lifting a load after setting and completing releasing;

step three: when the pressure in the shaft exceeds a preset value, selecting an oil extraction system according to the requirement of pump lowering operation; entering a fourth step when a rodless oil extraction system is required to be adopted, and entering a fifth step when a rod oil extraction system is required to be adopted;

step four: connecting a through rod (5) below a pump lower oil pipe (1), then sequentially lowering the through rod (5), the pump lower oil pipe (1) and an electric submersible pump (12) into a well through a continuous cable laying oil pipe (11), reducing the speed when the position is a preset position away from a releasing packer (2), lifting up the preset height after probing the bottom, quickly connecting a cable (20), then continuously lowering a pipe column to probe the bottom distance, opening a float switch (4) through the through rod (5), quickly installing a production well head (13), and completing production;

step five: connecting a through rod (5) below a pump lower oil pipe (1), sequentially lowering the through rod (5), the pump lower oil pipe (1) and an oil well pump (14) into a well through an oil pumping pipe (18), reducing the speed when the position is a preset position away from a releasing packer (2), lifting the packer to a preset height after detecting the bottom, and ensuring that a float switch (4) is temporarily closed; an oil pumping pipe (18) is hung at the well mouth, a sucker rod (15) is continuously put down, and when the sucker rod (15) reaches the position of an oil well pump (14), the pump is bumped, and the position of the sucker rod (15) is adjusted and hung in the well; lowering the oil pumping pipe (18) again, when the oil pumping pipe (18) exceeds the bottom detecting distance, opening the float switch (4) by the through rod (5) under the action of the suspended weight of the oil pumping pipe (18), quickly installing a well head, connecting the oil pumping rod (15), adjusting the anti-impact distance, and starting the oil pumping unit (16) for production;

step six: when the pressure in the cylinder is reduced to a preset value, the continuous cable laying oil pipe (11) or the oil pumping pipe (18) is directly lifted out, and the float switch (4) is closed.

7. The method of controlling pressure in a wellbore of claim 6, wherein: the preset positions of the speed reduction in the fourth step and the fifth step are 45-55m away from the releasing packer (2).

8. The method of controlling pressure in a wellbore of claim 6, wherein: and in the fifth step, the position of the sucker rod (15) is adjusted and the sucker rod coupling on the top of the sucker rod (15) is exposed out of the well head when being suspended in the well.

9. The method of controlling pressure in a wellbore of claim 6, wherein: and in the fourth step, after bottom detection, the base is lifted up to a preset height of 1.8-2.2 m.

10. The method of controlling pressure in a wellbore of claim 6, wherein: in the fifth step, the lifting height is 0.8-1.2m after probing the bottom.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, and particularly relates to an underground switch device and method for controlling pressure in a shaft.

Background

The ultra-low permeability compact oil is an important resource replacement layer in recent years, the pressure of the ground layer after the volume fracturing of the compact oil is high, the initial discharge capacity is large, the gas content of produced liquid is high, and the dangerous case of well kick and overflow can occur at any time in the operation process. In addition, the well killing mode is not suitable for taking reservoir protection factors such as oil layer pollution and the like into consideration when the well killing device is used for tripping operation.

The existing oil pumping well has a rod pump operation: generally, a combined device of a single-gate manual blowout preventer, a standard oil extraction well head, an oil pipe plug valve and a sucker rod blowout preventer is arranged on a well head to realize operation under pressure and complete wellbore control; the cable needs to be cut off rapidly during the operation of the rodless pump pipe cable, the blowout preventer is used for realizing well shut-in, and certain risk exists for the high-pressure well, namely the blowout preventer cannot be installed in a rush mode, so that the high-pressure well is out of control, and well blowout and well kick occur to cause well control events.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an underground switch device and an underground switch method for controlling pressure in a shaft, and aims to provide the underground switch device and the underground switch method which can control the pressure in the shaft, convert high pressure of the shaft into normal pressure or low pressure, realize quick production of a rod system and a rodless system of an oil well and reduce operation risk.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a downhole switch device for controlling pressure in a wellbore comprises a switch control element connected below a pump oil pipe and a switch main body sealed in a casing; the switch control member is controlled to be turned on by being in contact with the switch main body.

The switch main body comprises a releasing packer, a support element and a float switch; the float switch, the releasing packer and the supporting piece are sequentially connected from top to bottom.

The supporting part adopts a supporting slip.

The switch control piece is a through rod of a hollow conical body.

The through rod is a hollow integrated structure which is composed of a cylinder at the upper part and a cone at the lower part.

A method of controlling pressure in a wellbore comprising the steps of

The method comprises the following steps: connecting a plug, a perforated pipe, a tail pipe, a supporting slip, a releasing packer and a float switch from bottom to top in sequence, and then connecting the plug, the perforated pipe, the tail pipe, the supporting slip, the releasing packer and the float switch to the lower part of an operating oil pipe;

step two: conveying the device connected in the step into a sleeve through an operation machine, lifting an operation oil pipe after the device is lowered to a preset position, opening a supporting slip, pressing a setting and releasing packer by a wellhead, lifting a loading after setting and completing releasing;

step three: when the pressure in the shaft exceeds a preset value, selecting an oil extraction system according to the requirement of pump lowering operation; entering a fourth step when a rodless oil extraction system is required to be adopted, and entering a fifth step when a rod oil extraction system is required to be adopted;

step four: connecting a through rod below a pump lower oil pipe, then sequentially lowering the through rod, the pump lower oil pipe and an electric submersible pump into a well through a continuous cable laying oil pipe, reducing the speed when the distance from a releasing packer to a preset position is reduced, lifting up the packer to a preset height after bottom detection, quickly connecting a cable, then continuously lowering a pipe column to a bottom detection distance, opening a float switch through the through rod, quickly installing a production well mouth, and completing well production;

step five: connecting a through rod below a pump lower oil pipe, sequentially lowering the through rod, the pump lower oil pipe and an oil well pump into a well through an oil pumping pipe, reducing the speed when the position is away from a preset position of a releasing packer, and lifting up a preset height after bottom detection to ensure that a float switch is temporarily closed; hanging an oil pumping pipe at the well mouth, continuously lowering the oil pumping rod, colliding the pump when the oil pumping rod reaches the position of the oil well pump, adjusting the position of the oil pumping rod and hanging the oil pumping rod in the well; lowering the oil pumping pipe again, opening a float switch by a through rod under the action of the suspended weight of the oil pumping pipe when the oil pumping pipe exceeds the bottom detection distance, quickly installing a wellhead, connecting an oil pumping rod, adjusting the anti-impact distance, and starting the oil pumping unit to produce;

step six: when the pressure in the cylinder is reduced to a preset value, the continuous cable laying oil pipe or the oil pumping pipe is directly lifted out, and the float switch is closed.

And the preset positions of the speed reduction in the fourth step and the fifth step are that the distance from the releasing packer is 45-55 m.

And in the fifth step, the position of the sucker rod is adjusted and the sucker rod is suspended in the oil pipe, so that the uppermost sucker rod coupling needs to be exposed out of the well mouth.

And in the fourth step, after bottom detection, the base is lifted up to a preset height of 1.8-2.2 m.

In the fifth step, the lifting height is 0.8-1.2m after probing the bottom.

Has the advantages that:

the invention is formed by organically combining a switch control piece connected below an oil pipe under a pump and a switch device main body in a casing pipe in a setting way; the switch control member is controlled to be turned on by being in contact with the switch main body. The invention can effectively control the pressure in the shaft, convert the high pressure of the shaft into normal pressure or low pressure, realize the rapid production of a rod system and a rodless system of an oil well, and effectively reduce the risk of operation.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to clearly understand the technical solutions of the present invention and to implement the technical solutions according to the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a rod lift system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a rodless lift system;

FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the present invention controlling pressure in a wellbore.

In the figure: 1-pumping down the oil pipe; 2-releasing the packer; 3-supporting slips; 4-a float switch; 5-through rod; 6-plugging; 7-floral tube; 8-tail pipe; 9-a working machine; 10-operating an oil pipe; 11-continuous cable laying oil pipe; 12-an electrical submersible pump; 13-production well head; 14-oil well pump; 15-sucker rod; 16-a pumping unit; 17-a sleeve; 18-an oil extraction pipe; 19-a control cabinet; 20-cable.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.