阅读说明：本技术 一种快速生长的黑猪养殖方法 (Fast-growing black pig breeding method ) 是由 何曙明 于 2020-05-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种快速生长的黑猪养殖方法,具体包括以下步骤：S1、养殖场的建设：养殖场要建设在远离人群、地势高燥、背风向阳、排水良好的区域,养殖场的产区功能需要明确划分,方便日后的明确化管理,养殖场内部的猪舍大小要根据饲养规模而定,猪舍前后要有适宜的窗户,保证采光和通风,夏季适当降低饲养密度,冬季可适当提高饲养密度,本发明涉及黑猪养殖技术领域。该快速生长的黑猪养殖方法,根据黑猪不同生长时期采用不同的饲料饲喂,保证给黑猪提供丰富的营养物质,幼猪饲料经过煮熟才喂食,减轻幼猪肠道消化负担,从而减少猪粪便有害气体的含量,同时能够帮助幼猪吸收饲料中的营养物质,促进黑猪生长发育。(The invention discloses a fast-growing black pig breeding method, which specifically comprises the following steps: s1, construction of a farm: the method is characterized in that a farm is built in an area which is far away from crowds, is high and dry in terrain, is leeward and exposed to the sun and has good drainage, the production area function of the farm needs to be clearly divided, the later clear management is facilitated, the size of a pigsty in the farm is determined according to the feeding scale, appropriate windows are arranged in the front and at the back of the pigsty to ensure lighting and ventilation, the feeding density is appropriately reduced in summer, and the feeding density can be appropriately improved in winter. According to the fast-growing black pig breeding method, the black pigs are fed with different feeds according to different growth periods of the black pigs, rich nutrient substances are guaranteed to be provided for the black pigs, the piglet feeds are fed only after being cooked, intestinal digestion burden of the piglets is relieved, and therefore the content of harmful gas in pig manure is reduced, meanwhile, the piglets can be helped to absorb the nutrient substances in the feeds, and growth and development of the black pigs are promoted.)

1. A fast-growing black pig breeding method is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, construction of a farm: the method is characterized in that a farm is built in an area which is far away from people, is high and dry in terrain, is leeward and exposed to the sun and has good drainage, the function of a production area of the farm needs to be clearly divided, so that the later clear management is facilitated, the size of a pigsty in the farm is determined according to the feeding scale, the height of a house generally needs to be 2.5-4 m, appropriate windows are arranged in the front and at the back of the pigsty to ensure lighting and ventilation, the feeding density is appropriately reduced in summer, the feeding density can be appropriately improved in winter, the height of a fence wall of the pigsty is 0.8-1 m, a trough and a drinking device are arranged in the fence, the cement ground of the pigsty has a gradient of 1-3%, the urination and drainage are facilitated, the cleaning and the drying can be facilitated, a drainage channel is arranged outside the pigsty, an open-air farm communicated with the inside of the pigsty can be arranged outside the pigsty, and the black pigs can be regularly;

s2, selecting piglets: generally selecting 7-8 months old breeding pigs with the weight of more than 40kg for introduction, and recommending to a normal breeding pig farm to select the breeding pigs, wherein the boars have strong limbs, developed and powerful hind houses, and large and symmetrical testes; the sow has the advantages that the four limbs are firm, the waist is straight, and the abdomen is large without dragging the ground; more than 6 pairs of nipples are required, and the nipples are uniform; the genitals are completely developed, a period of time is required to be isolated after introduction, about one month at the latest, the group can be mixed only after the complete normality of the pig group is observed, so that the selected piglets after black pig mating have good mental status, strong physique and strong four limbs, and are convenient to feed;

s3, management of piglets:

A. eating the primary emulsion: artificial auxiliary foot colostrum is eaten within 1 hour after the piglets grow;

B. heat preservation and pressure prevention: the suitable temperature of the piglets is as follows: keeping air fresh when the 1-7 days old is 31.8-28.3 ℃ and the 8-30 days old is 27.7-23.5 ℃, arranging a heat preservation box or a heat preservation chamber for piglets, nursing the piglets, and installing a baby protection fence in the delivery fence;

C. iron supplement, canine tooth cutting and tail breaking treatment: within 2-3 days of the postnatal age of the piglets, carrying out intramuscular injection of an iron preparation, cutting off canine teeth and carrying out tail breaking treatment, wherein the dosage of each iron preparation is 100-150 mg;

D. starting food and supplementing materials: training piglets to drink water at the age of 5 days after birth, training piglets at the age of 7 days to eat, and completely eating the piglets at the age of 20 days, and feeding the piglets for 5-6 times a day;

E. castration: castrating piglets at 7-10 days of age;

F. weaning: weaning piglets at 21-28 days of age, feeding piglets with feedstuff to make them feed freely;

G. and (3) sanitation and disinfection: cleaning the housing and removing dung for 2 times every day, and disinfecting the channel in the housing for 1 time every week;

H. and (3) epidemic disease prevention and control: inoculating the swine fever vaccine at the age of 20 days after the piglet comes;

s4, feeding management:

A. when the piglets grow to 30-40 days, the piglets can be put into a sterilized piggery for feed containment, and are fed for 25-35 days and three times every day by using weaning feed and nutrient solution, wherein the weaning feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn flour, 25-35 parts of cassava flour, 20-30 parts of bran, 14-18 parts of astragalus membranaceus leaves, 6-8 parts of malt, 8-12 parts of hawthorn powder, 8-10 parts of protein powder, 4-6 parts of carrots and 15-30 parts of green vegetable leaves, and feeding time is arranged to avoid the hottest time in noon and the most frequent time period of personnel activities;

B. when the piglets grow to 40-70 days, feeding the piglets in different rings, adding the traditional Chinese medicine liquid and the premix into the feed for each ring of 2-4 pigs, and driving the piglets to an open-air farm for stocking every day between 8-9 am and 17-18 pm;

C. when the piglets grow for more than 80 days, the piglets are fed by using the conventional feed for three times every day, wherein the feeding times are respectively 7-8 am, 11:30-12 noon: 30 and 6-7 o' clock at night, the conventional feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of wheat, 40-50 parts of sweet potato, 25-35 parts of potato, 15-25 parts of rice, 25-35 parts of wheat bran, 30-40 parts of vegetable leaves, 30-40 parts of green grass and 15-25 parts of carrot, wherein the feed is freely fed without limiting the feed amount, the feed remained in a feeding trough is cleaned after each feeding, the feed is washed by clear water, and the black pig is driven to an open-air farm to be put in the open air to breed when the feed reaches about 90 kg in the interval between 8-9 am and 17-18 pm every day;

s5, cultivation management: sterilizing on time, making the inside of the cage clean, and cleaning and removing excrement and dirt every day; thoroughly disinfecting the cage with a disinfectant 1 time every day, performing immunization, performing triple vaccine injection according to a pig epidemic prevention program, timely expelling parasites, washing stomach and invigorating stomach, performing 2 nd time after 60 days, and paying attention to humidity and temperature management of the pig, wherein the suitable temperature of the pig is 15-25 ℃, the relative humidity is 55% -60%, and if the temperature and the humidity are too high, sunstroke and metabolic disturbance are easily caused, so when the temperature exceeds 28 ℃ in summer, the cage needs to be cooled with water at noon, and a shed is built for shading; if the temperature and the humidity are too low, the pig body has much heat dissipation and consumes much feed, the raising cost is increased, so that the cold protection and the warm keeping are needed in winter, hay with the thickness of 10-15cm needs to be laid in a cage, and meanwhile, the feed needs to be mixed with warm water.

2. The fast-growing black pig farming method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the disinfectant is one of Baijunxiao, quick-acting iodine, Xiaowei and Baidudu.

3. The fast-growing black pig farming method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the open farm drives the piglets to walk for at least 2 km when the piglets grow to 40-70 days, and drives the piglets to walk for at least 5 km when the piglets grow to more than 80 days.

4. The fast-growing black pig farming method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of milk powder, 4-8 parts of vitamin C, 4-8 parts of beta-carotene, 10-16 parts of honey and 40-50 parts of purified water.

5. The fast-growing black pig farming method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the total feeding amount of the weaning feed is 2-6% of the weight of the black piglet, and the mass ratio of the feed, the traditional Chinese medicine liquid and the premix in the step S4 is 3-7: 1: 1-3.

6. The fast-growing black pig farming method according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the feeding and stocking of the pigsty are alternately performed at intervals of 20-30 days.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of black pig breeding, in particular to a fast-growing black pig breeding method.

Background

Black pigs have a nearly five-thousand-year domestication history in China, a dead space in Shun-ploughing in mountain areas in south and Ji-Yang river-flowing areas in south and Ji-Yang areas are important inheritance areas for livestock breeding in ancient times, black pigs grow slowly and are low in weight, black pigs grow only 150 jin a year, white pigs grow into China at the end of the last century and are almost completely killed, vain black pigs are modern rare protective populations, black pigs are black in whole body, uniform in structure, strong in limbs, slightly long in head shape, transverse wrinkles (two deep wrinkles similar to eyebrows) at the forehead, the two obvious deep wrinkles are just obtained, local people refer to the black pigs as ' two eyebrows pigs ', black pigs are medium in ears, soft and drooping, have little skin, are rarely wrinkled under the neck, straight back and straight waists, large in abdomen but not dragging ground, and later pigs are weak, 12.7 average head of black pigs ' are weak, the weight of an adult boar is about 117kg generally, the weight of an adult sow is about 95kg generally, under the standard feeding condition, the live weight of the adult boar at the age of 240 days can reach about 92 kg, the average daily gain in the fattening period is 509g, the meat quality of the black pig is good, the color and luster is bright red, tender and succulent, the marbling is obvious, the fat quality is good, the color is white and glossy, the body is glittering and translucent, and the carcass lean meat percentage is about 46%.

With the development of economy, the living standard of people is continuously improved, the demand of people on pig black products is more and more large, in recent years, the pig raising industry in China is rapidly developed, the scale and the production level are also greatly improved, but compared with white pigs, the black pigs are longer in feeding period and slower in weight increasing speed, the requirements of markets cannot be met, the black pig industry is greatly impacted, some feeders use certain hormone feeds to shorten the feeding period of the black pigs and enable the black pigs to grow rapidly, the black pigs grown in the mode are poorer in meat quality, the nutritional values of the black pigs are greatly reduced, and the disease rate of the black pigs in the feeding process is greatly improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a fast-growing black pig breeding method, which solves the problems of long breeding period and slow growth of black pigs.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a fast-growing black pig breeding method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, construction of a farm: the method is characterized in that a farm is built in an area which is far away from people, is high and dry in terrain, is leeward and exposed to the sun and has good drainage, the function of a production area of the farm needs to be clearly divided, so that the later clear management is facilitated, the size of a pigsty in the farm is determined according to the feeding scale, the height of a house generally needs to be 2.5-4 m, appropriate windows are arranged in the front and at the back of the pigsty to ensure lighting and ventilation, the feeding density is appropriately reduced in summer, the feeding density can be appropriately improved in winter, the height of a fence wall of the pigsty is 0.8-1 m, a trough and a drinking device are arranged in the fence, the cement ground of the pigsty has a gradient of 1-3%, the urination and drainage are facilitated, the cleaning and the drying can be facilitated, a drainage channel is arranged outside the pigsty, an open-air farm communicated with the inside of the pigsty can be arranged outside the pigsty, and the black pigs can be regularly;

s2, selecting piglets: generally selecting 7-8 months old breeding pigs with the weight of more than 40kg for introduction, and recommending to a normal breeding pig farm to select the breeding pigs, wherein the boars have strong limbs, developed and powerful hind houses, and large and symmetrical testes; the sow has the advantages that the four limbs are firm, the waist is straight, and the abdomen is large without dragging the ground; more than 6 pairs of nipples are required, and the nipples are uniform; the genitals are completely developed, a period of time is required to be isolated after introduction, about one month at the latest, the group can be mixed only after the complete normality of the pig group is observed, so that the selected piglets after black pig mating have good mental status, strong physique and strong four limbs, and are convenient to feed;

s3, management of piglets:

A. eating the primary emulsion: artificial auxiliary foot colostrum is eaten within 1 hour after the piglets grow;

B. heat preservation and pressure prevention: the suitable temperature of the piglets is as follows: keeping air fresh when the 1-7 days old is 31.8-28.3 ℃ and the 8-30 days old is 27.7-23.5 ℃, arranging a heat preservation box or a heat preservation chamber for piglets, nursing the piglets, and installing a baby protection fence in the delivery fence;

C. iron supplement, canine tooth cutting and tail breaking treatment: within 2-3 days of the postnatal age of the piglets, carrying out intramuscular injection of an iron preparation, cutting off canine teeth and carrying out tail breaking treatment, wherein the dosage of each iron preparation is 100-150 mg;

D. starting food and supplementing materials: training piglets to drink water at the age of 5 days after birth, training piglets at the age of 7 days to eat, and completely eating the piglets at the age of 20 days, and feeding the piglets for 5-6 times a day;

E. castration: castrating piglets at 7-10 days of age;

F. weaning: weaning piglets at 21-28 days of age, feeding piglets with feedstuff to make them feed freely;

G. and (3) sanitation and disinfection: cleaning the housing and removing dung for 2 times every day, and disinfecting the channel in the housing for 1 time every week;

H. and (3) epidemic disease prevention and control: inoculating the swine fever vaccine at the age of 20 days after the piglet comes;

s4, feeding management:

A. when the piglets grow to 30-40 days, the piglets can be put into a sterilized piggery for feed containment, and are fed for 25-35 days and three times every day by using weaning feed and nutrient solution, wherein the weaning feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn flour, 25-35 parts of cassava flour, 20-30 parts of bran, 14-18 parts of astragalus membranaceus leaves, 6-8 parts of malt, 8-12 parts of hawthorn powder, 8-10 parts of protein powder, 4-6 parts of carrots and 15-30 parts of green vegetable leaves, and feeding time is arranged to avoid the hottest time in noon and the most frequent time period of personnel activities;

B. when the piglets grow to 40-70 days, feeding the piglets in different rings, adding the traditional Chinese medicine liquid and the premix into the feed for each ring of 2-4 pigs, and driving the piglets to an open-air farm for stocking every day between 8-9 am and 17-18 pm;

C. when the piglets grow for more than 80 days, the piglets are fed by using the conventional feed for three times every day, wherein the feeding times are respectively 7-8 am, 11:30-12 noon: 30 and 6-7 o' clock at night, the conventional feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of wheat, 40-50 parts of sweet potato, 25-35 parts of potato, 15-25 parts of rice, 25-35 parts of wheat bran, 30-40 parts of vegetable leaves, 30-40 parts of green grass and 15-25 parts of carrot, wherein the feed is freely fed without limiting the feed amount, the feed remained in a feeding trough is cleaned after each feeding, the feed is washed by clear water, and the black pig is driven to an open-air farm to be put in the open air to breed when the feed reaches about 90 kg in the interval between 8-9 am and 17-18 pm every day;

s5, cultivation management: sterilizing on time, making the inside of the cage clean, and cleaning and removing excrement and dirt every day; thoroughly disinfecting the cage with a disinfectant 1 time every day, performing immunization, performing triple vaccine injection according to a pig epidemic prevention program, timely expelling parasites, washing stomach and invigorating stomach, performing 2 nd time after 60 days, and paying attention to humidity and temperature management of the pig, wherein the suitable temperature of the pig is 15-25 ℃, the relative humidity is 55% -60%, and if the temperature and the humidity are too high, sunstroke and metabolic disturbance are easily caused, so when the temperature exceeds 28 ℃ in summer, the cage needs to be cooled with water at noon, and a shed is built for shading; if the temperature and the humidity are too low, the pig body has much heat dissipation and consumes much feed, the raising cost is increased, so that the cold protection and the warm keeping are needed in winter, hay with the thickness of 10-15cm needs to be laid in a cage, and meanwhile, the feed needs to be mixed with warm water.

Preferably, in step S3, the disinfectant is one of Baijunxiao, Suxiaodi, Xiaowei and Baidudu.

Preferably, in step S4, the open air farm drives the piglets to walk for at least 2 km when the piglets grow for 40-70 days, and drives the piglets to walk for at least 5 km when the piglets grow for more than 80 days.

Preferably, in step S4, the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of milk powder, 4-8 parts of vitamin C, 4-8 parts of beta-carotene, 10-16 parts of honey and 40-50 parts of purified water.

Preferably, in the step S4, the total feeding amount of the weaning feed is 2-6% of the weight of the black piglet, and the mass ratio of the feed, the traditional Chinese medicine liquid and the premix in the step S4 is 3-7: 1: 1-3.

Preferably, in the step S4, the raising and stocking are alternately performed at intervals of 20 to 30 days.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides a fast-growing black pig breeding method. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the fast-growing black pig breeding method comprises the following steps of S4: when the piglets grow to 30-40 days, the piglets can be put into a sterilized piggery for feed containment, and are fed for 25-35 days and three times every day by using weaning feed and nutrient solution, wherein the weaning feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of corn flour, 25-35 parts of cassava flour, 20-30 parts of bran, 14-18 parts of astragalus membranaceus leaves, 6-8 parts of malt, 8-12 parts of hawthorn powder, 8-10 parts of protein powder, 4-6 parts of carrots and 15-30 parts of green vegetable leaves, and feeding time is arranged to avoid the hottest time in noon and the most frequent time period of personnel activities; when the piglets grow to 40-70 days, feeding the piglets in different rings, adding the traditional Chinese medicine liquid and the premix into the feed for each ring of 2-4 pigs, and driving the piglets to an open-air farm for stocking every day between 8-9 am and 17-18 pm; when the piglets grow for more than 80 days, the piglets are fed by using the conventional feed for three times every day, wherein the feeding times are respectively 7-8 am, 11:30-12 noon: 30 and 6-7 o' clock at night, the conventional feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of wheat, 40-50 parts of sweet potato, 25-35 parts of potato, 15-25 parts of rice, 25-35 parts of wheat bran, 30-40 parts of vegetable leaves, 30-40 parts of green grass and 15-25 parts of carrot, wherein the feed is freely eaten without limiting the feed amount, the feed remained in a feeding trough is cleaned after each feeding, the feed is washed by clear water, the black pig is driven to an open farm to be put in the open farm when the feed reaches about 90 kg, the black pig is fed by different feeds according to different growth periods of the black pig, rich nutrient substances are guaranteed to be provided for the black pig, the feed of the piglet is fed after being cooked, the intestinal digestion burden of the piglet is relieved, the content of harmful gas in the excrement of the pig is reduced, and the piglet can be helped to absorb the nutrient substances in the feed, promoting the growth and development of black pigs.

(2) The fast-growing black pig breeding method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight through weaning feed: 30-40 parts of corn flour, 25-35 parts of cassava flour, 20-30 parts of bran, 14-18 parts of astragalus membranaceus leaves, 6-8 parts of malt, 8-12 parts of hawthorn powder, 8-10 parts of protein powder, 4-6 parts of carrots and 15-30 parts of green vegetable leaves, and the conventional feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the feed is prepared from 40-50 parts of corn, 20-30 parts of wheat, 40-50 parts of sweet potato, 25-35 parts of potato, 15-25 parts of rice, 25-35 parts of wheat bran, 30-40 parts of vegetable leaves, 30-40 parts of green grass and 15-25 parts of carrot according to different components and proportions, and is fed in different growth stages of black pigs to improve the vitality, appetite and fattening effects of the black pigs.

(3) The fast-growing black pig breeding method comprises the following steps of: the breeding farm is to be built in an area which is far away from people, has high and dry terrain, faces the sun in a lee and drains water well, the function of the production area of the breeding farm needs to be clearly divided, the later clear management is convenient, the size of the pigsty inside the breeding farm is determined according to the breeding scale, the height of the house generally needs to be 2.5-4 m, the front and the back of the pigsty are provided with proper windows to ensure lighting and ventilation, the breeding density is properly reduced in summer, the breeding density can be properly improved in winter, the height of the fence wall is 0.8-1 m, a trough and a water drinking device are arranged in the fence, the cement ground of the pigsty has a gradient of 1-3%, the pigsty is convenient to drain urine and water, the cleaning and the drying can be facilitated, a sewage drainage channel is arranged outside the pigsty, an open-air breeding farm communicated with the inside the pigsty can be arranged outside the pigsty, the black pigs are suitable for being regularly released, the area faces the sun in a, The water source is rich, the black pig is fed, the growth environment of the black pig is good, the resources are rich, the healthy growth of the black pig is facilitated, the pigsty is cleaned regularly, the environmental sanitation of the pigsty is kept, and the disease rate of the black pig is reduced.

Detailed Description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a technical scheme that: a fast-growing black pig breeding method specifically comprises the following embodiments: