阅读说明：本技术 一种含白刺花的无抗羊发酵全混合日粮 (Nonreactive sheep fermentation total mixed ration containing nitraria tangutorum bobr ) 是由 李世歌 熊先勤 尚以顺 陈光吉 李小冬 王普昶 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种含白刺花的无抗羊发酵全混合日粮,组分由白刺花40-50份,高粮酒糟20-28份,玉米粉10-20份,麦麸10-20份,食盐0.4-0.6份,磷酸氢钙0.3-0.5份,硫酸钠0.08-0.12份。分别取切碎的白刺花、玉米秸秆、精料混合物于TMR机中搅拌均匀,搅拌过程中喷洒1-1.4％重量份的乳酸菌,装袋压实密封,发酵25-35天,即得。本发酵全混合日粮充分利用白刺花独特的功效,且制备工艺简单,适口性好、营养全面、消化率高、易于储存和运输、便于饲喂、无副作用,在抗菌消炎方面有与抗生素相似的效果,在清热解毒、利湿消肿方面有良好的保健效果,能明显促进羊发育、增重、免疫的功效,是一种能够改善羊肉品质、安全、无公害的绿色发酵全混合日粮。(The invention relates to a nonreactive sheep fermentation total mixed ration containing nitraria tangutorum bobr, which comprises 40-50 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 20-28 parts of high-grain vinasse, 10-20 parts of corn flour, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 0.4-0.6 part of salt, 0.3-0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.08-0.12 part of sodium sulfate. Respectively taking the mixture of chopped nitraria tangutorum bobr, corn straws and fine materials, uniformly stirring the mixture in a TMR machine, spraying 1 to 1.4 weight percent of lactic acid bacteria in the stirring process, bagging, compacting, sealing and fermenting for 25 to 35 days to obtain the feed. The fermented total mixed ration fully utilizes the unique effect of the nitraria tangutorum bobr, is simple in preparation process, good in palatability, comprehensive in nutrition, high in digestibility, easy to store and transport, convenient to feed, free of side effect, similar to antibiotics in the aspect of antibiosis and antiphlogosis, good in health-care effect in the aspects of clearing heat, detoxifying, promoting diuresis and reducing edema, capable of obviously promoting the development, weight increment and immunity of sheep, and is a green fermented total mixed ration capable of improving the quality of mutton, safe and pollution-free.)

1. The antibiotic-free sheep fermentation total mixed ration containing the nitraria tangutorum bobr is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 20-28 parts of corn straw, 10-20 parts of corn flour, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 0.4-0.6 part of salt, 0.3-0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.08-0.12 part of sodium sulfate.

2. The mixed ration of claim 1, wherein the mixed ration comprises in parts by weight: 41-49 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 21-27 parts of corn straw, 11-19 parts of corn flour, 11-19 parts of wheat bran, 0.42-0.58 part of salt, 0.32-0.48 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.082-0.118 part of sodium sulfate.

3. The mixed ration of claim 2, wherein the mixed ration comprises in parts by weight: 42-48 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 22-26 parts of corn straw, 12-18 parts of corn flour, 12-18 parts of wheat bran, 0.43-0.57 part of salt, 0.34-0.46 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.084-0.116 part of sodium sulfate.

4. The mixed ration of claim 3, wherein the mixed ration comprises in parts by weight: 44-46 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 23-25 parts of corn straw, 14-16 parts of corn flour, 14-16 parts of wheat bran, 0.45-0.55 part of salt, 0.38-0.42 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.090-0.110 part of sodium sulfate.

5. The mixed ration of claim 4, wherein the mixed ration comprises in parts by weight: 45 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 24 parts of corn straws, 15 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of wheat bran, 0.5 part of salt, 0.4 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.1 part of sodium sulfate.

6. The mixed ration of any of claims 1-5, wherein the method of preparing the mixed ration comprises the steps of:

1) cutting the nitraria tangutorum bobr branches when the nitraria tangutorum bobr branches grow to 40-60 cm, and cutting the nitraria tangutorum bobr branches into short sections of 1-3 cm for later use;

2) cutting the harvested corn straws into short sections of 1-3 cm for later use;

3) respectively taking corn flour, wheat bran, salt, calcium hydrophosphate and sodium sulfate, and uniformly mixing in a stirrer to prepare a concentrate mixture for later use;

4) respectively taking the mixture of chopped nitraria tangutorum bobr, corn straws and fine materials, uniformly stirring the mixture in a TMR machine, spraying 1 to 1.4 weight percent of lactic acid bacteria in the stirring process, bagging, compacting, sealing and fermenting for 25 to 35 days to obtain the feed.

7. The mixed ration of claim 6, wherein the method of preparing the mixed ration comprises the steps of:

1) cutting the nitraria tangutorum branches when the growing length of the nitraria tangutorum branches reaches 50 cm, and cutting the nitraria tangutorum branches into short sections of 1.5 cm for later use;

2) cutting the harvested corn straws into short sections of 2 cm for later use;

3) respectively taking corn flour, wheat bran, salt, calcium hydrophosphate and sodium sulfate, and uniformly mixing in a stirrer to prepare a concentrate mixture for later use;

4) respectively taking the mixture of the chopped nitraria tangutorum bobr, the corn straws and the concentrate, uniformly stirring the mixture in a TMR machine, spraying 1.2 weight percent of lactic acid bacteria in the stirring process, bagging, compacting, sealing and fermenting for 30 days to obtain the feed.

8. The mixed ration according to any of claims 6-7, wherein the lactic acid bacteria of step 4) are further comprised of 1-1.4% by weight of lactic acid bacteria and 0.1-0.15% by weight of cellulase.

9. The mixed ration of claim 8, wherein the lactic acid bacteria of step 4) are a mixture of lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecium, and lactose.

10. Use of the mixed ration of claim 1 for reducing antibiotic use in sheep.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of animal husbandry feeds, and particularly relates to a nonreactive sheep fermentation total mixed ration containing nitraria tangutorum bobr.

Background

The antibiotic is used for feeding livestock and poultry at first, the antibiotic fermentation residues are mainly used as nutrient substances for feeding the livestock and poultry, the antibiotic cannot be called feed additive at this moment, along with the increase of the application, people find that the antibiotic has a promoting effect on the growth of animals, the growth of the livestock and poultry can be obviously promoted by adding the antibiotic in the feed, the utilization rate of the feed is improved, the death rate is reduced, and the reproductive performance is improved, so the antibiotic is added into the feed, the age of the antibiotic feed additive is started, and no exception is found in the sheep industry, and some farmers or enterprises can also add the antibiotic in the sheep feed for a long time besides using a large amount of antibiotic in disease treatment. The antibiotic has the effects of inhibiting and killing pathogenic bacteria. However, when used in large quantities and for a long time, the bacteria can generate drug resistance to antibiotics, so that the number of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria in the sheep muscle is increased, and therefore, the bacteria bring great harm. Firstly, the treatment of sheep diseases is increased in difficulty; secondly, the increase of the number of drug residues and drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria in the product leads to the increase of the infection rate of human beings and the increase of the treatment difficulty after infection; thirdly, antibiotics in sheep bodies are remained, which further harms the health of people and causes the problem of food safety. With the comprehensive prohibition of antibiotics in the feed in 2020, natural antibiotics substitutes are searched, the high-efficiency production of sheep is ensured without using antibiotic additives, the incidence rate of sheep diseases is increased, the dosage of antibiotics for treatment is further reduced, the problem of antibiotic residue is solved from the source, the food safety is guaranteed, and the development of nonreactive daily ration is imperative.

At present, most of domestic development and application of livestock and poultry daily ration mainly use peanut straws, soybean straws, wheat straws and other agricultural and sideline crop straws, but the problems of insufficient sources of regional forage grass and unbalanced seasonal supply exist, in order to meet the daily nutritional requirements of breeding sheep, related reports exist on the production method for preparing the shrub roughage by taking the shrub as the raw material, but no report exists on preparing the non-resistant sheep fermentation full-mixed daily ration by taking the shrub nitraria flowers as the main raw material.

Application No. CN201910734850.7 discloses a method for producing a nonreactive mutton sheep TMR granular material by using peanut vines, wherein crop straw peanut vines are used as forage, probiotics are added to replace antibiotic additives, and the total mixed ration granular material is prepared and produced according to nutritional requirements of mutton sheep in different growth stages. The invention utilizes crop straw peanut vine as main forage, and probiotics is added to replace antibiotics and other additives, so as to prepare and produce the full mixed ration granular material according to the nutritional requirements of the mutton sheep in different growth stages, thereby improving the cultivation efficiency of the mutton sheep and producing nonreactive mutton products. The peanut vine is used as the main forage, and the peanut vine contains higher protein, so that the use of cakes such as bean pulp and the like in daily ration can be reduced, the cultivation cost is reduced, and the cultivation efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, high-quality ecological mutton products are provided for urban and rural residents, and resource recycling and industrial sustainable development are realized. Has obvious ecological, economic and social benefits.

Application No. CN201910734850.7, there are technical problems:

(1) there are regional forage source shortages and seasonal feed imbalances.

(2) The fully mixed daily ration granular material is prepared and produced according to different growth stages of the mutton sheep, and the preparation method is complex, the period is long, and the cost is high.

Application number CN201610230155.3 discloses a sheep feed without antibiotic addition, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-70 parts of corn, 15-60 parts of bran, 10-50 parts of bean cake, 1-10 parts of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, 1-10 parts of allicin, 1-5 parts of salt, 1-10 parts of fish meal, 1-10 parts of shell powder and 1-10 parts of bone meal. Is a green antibiotic-free feed which can improve the quality of mutton and is safe and nuisanceless.

Application No. CN201610230155.3, there are technical problems:

(1) the components contain garlicin, fish meal, shell powder and the like, the preparation process is complex, and the breeding cost is high.

(2) The components do not relate to forage for secondary application, and the cyclic utilization of resources cannot be realized.

Application number CN201810087439.0 discloses a sheep feed taking albizia julibrissin as a raw material, which comprises the following raw materials: pretreated albizzia julibrissin durazzini, elephant grass hay, corn flour, soybean meal, baking soda, vitamins, amino acid additives, salt, stone powder, disease-resistant liquid and probiotics; the preparation method of the sheep feed comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of the albizzia julibrissin: chopping tender stems and leaves of the albizia julibrissin into small segments, soaking the small segments in warm water, freezing the small segments in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃, putting the small segments into a fermentation container, controlling the stacking thickness of the small segments, mixing with extracellular enzyme, introducing mixed gas of N2/C02, fermenting for 20-35 hours at the temperature of 23-30 ℃, and drying and dehydrating the small segments until the weight is constant to obtain the pretreated small segments of the albizia julibrissin; (2) crushing and granulating; (3) and (5) coating. The feed can improve the palatability of leguminous forage, and provides the sheep feed which effectively reduces the feeding cost, has comprehensive nutritional value, is easy to absorb and improves the disease resistance.

Application No. CN201810087439.0, there are technical problems:

(1) the main raw material is the albizzia julibrissin durazzini which has no effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, promoting diuresis and reducing edema, cooling blood and stopping bleeding, and the like, does not have the effect of antibiotics, and has low disease resistance of the feed.

(2) The preparation process is complex and the production cost is high. The economic benefit is low.

The invention discloses a production method of shrub feed with application number CN200610127949.3, which comprises cutting, chopping, drying, kneading and packaging, and is characterized in that the shrub nutrient branches are cut, chopped, dried, kneaded into wadding and powder, and then packaged, wherein the drying step is as follows: and gradually reducing the drying temperature from 90 ℃ to 30 ℃ within 1.5-8 hours. The product of the invention can preserve original nutrition to the maximum extent due to the unique drying method, and the dried feed does not change color and is very easy to crush. Moreover, the inventor carries out further nutrition blending through long-time experiments according to the characteristics of shrubs, so that the feed product has better nutrition and wider range of feeding animals.

Application No. CN200610127949.3, there are technical problems:

(1) the formulation involves additives: iron, organic selenium, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, iodine, vitamin B130, vitamin B260, vitamin B630, vitamin B12100, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid and the like, and the operation is complicated and the quality is difficult to control.

(2) The energy consumption of drying treatment is high, the investment of facility equipment and the production cost are higher, and the problem of environmental pollution exists.

Aiming at the problems, the inventor selects the nitraria tangutorum bobr with the effects of clearing heat and removing toxicity, removing dampness and reducing swelling, cooling blood and stopping bleeding, regulating qi and removing food retention and killing parasites as the main raw material through a large amount of long-term experimental researches, and researches a nonreactive sheep fermentation total mixed ration produced by the nitraria tangutorum bobr by selecting auxiliary materials such as corn straws, corn flour and wheat bran according to the physiological characteristics, life habits and comprehensive utilization of sheep and selecting the auxiliary materials such as corn straws, the corn flour and the wheat bran, and the total mixed ration has the unique advantages: the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, good palatability, comprehensive nutrition, high digestibility, easy storage and transportation, convenient feeding, no side effect, and certain health promotion effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a composition of a nonreactive sheep fermentation total mixed ration containing nitraria tangutorum bobr.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the antibiotic-free sheep fermentation total mixed ration containing the nitraria tangutorum bobr.

The invention provides a nonreactive sheep fermentation total mixed ration containing nitraria tangutorum bobr, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 20-28 parts of corn straw, 10-20 parts of corn flour, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 0.4-0.6 part of salt, 0.3-0.5 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.08-0.12 part of sodium sulfate.

Preferably, the mixed daily ration consists of the following components in parts by weight: 41-49 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 21-27 parts of corn straw, 11-19 parts of corn flour, 11-19 parts of wheat bran, 0.42-0.58 part of salt, 0.32-0.48 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.082-0.118 part of sodium sulfate.

Further preferably, the mixed daily ration comprises the following components in parts by weight: 42-48 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 22-26 parts of corn straw, 12-18 parts of corn flour, 12-18 parts of wheat bran, 0.43-0.57 part of salt, 0.34-0.46 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.084-0.116 part of sodium sulfate.

Still more preferably, the mixed ration of the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 44-46 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 23-25 parts of corn straw, 14-16 parts of corn flour, 14-16 parts of wheat bran, 0.45-0.55 part of salt, 0.38-0.42 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.090-0.110 part of sodium sulfate.

Most preferably, the mixed daily ration comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of nitraria tangutorum bobr, 24 parts of corn straws, 15 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of wheat bran, 0.5 part of salt, 0.4 part of calcium hydrophosphate and 0.1 part of sodium sulfate.

The preparation method of the mixed daily ration comprises the following steps:

1) cutting the nitraria tangutorum bobr branches when the nitraria tangutorum bobr branches grow to 40-60 cm, and cutting the nitraria tangutorum bobr branches into short sections of 1-3 cm for later use;

2) cutting the harvested corn straws into short sections of 1-3 cm for later use;

3) respectively taking corn flour, wheat bran, salt, calcium hydrophosphate and sodium sulfate, and uniformly mixing in a stirrer to prepare a concentrate mixture for later use;

4) respectively taking the mixture of chopped nitraria tangutorum bobr, corn straws and fine materials, uniformly stirring the mixture in a TMR machine, spraying 1 to 1.4 weight percent of lactic acid bacteria in the stirring process, bagging, compacting, sealing and fermenting for 25 to 35 days to obtain the feed.

Preferably, the preparation method of the mixed daily ration comprises the following steps:

1) cutting the nitraria tangutorum branches when the growing length of the nitraria tangutorum branches reaches 50 cm, and cutting the nitraria tangutorum branches into short sections of 1.5 cm for later use;

2) cutting the harvested corn straws into short sections of 2 cm for later use;

3) respectively taking corn flour, wheat bran, salt, calcium hydrophosphate and sodium sulfate, and uniformly mixing in a stirrer to prepare a concentrate mixture for later use;

4) respectively taking the mixture of the chopped nitraria tangutorum bobr, the corn straws and the concentrate, uniformly stirring the mixture in a TMR machine, spraying 1.2 weight percent of lactic acid bacteria in the stirring process, bagging, compacting, sealing and fermenting for 30 days to obtain the feed.

According to the preparation method of the mixed ration, the lactic acid bacteria in the step 4) can also be 1-1.4% by weight of lactic acid bacteria and 0.1-0.15% by weight of cellulase.

According to the preparation method of the mixed ration, in the step 4), the lactic acid bacteria are a mixture of lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, enterococcus faecium and lactose.

The mixed ration is applied to the aspect of reducing the use of sheep antibiotics.

The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the invention uses shrub nitraria tangutorum bobr as a main raw material, the effect of the nitraria tangutorum bobr is as follows: clear heat and remove toxicity, induce diuresis to alleviate edema, cool blood to stop bleeding. And (4) fruit: regulating qi-flowing, removing food stagnation, and resisting cancer. Flower: clear heat and remove toxicity, cool blood and relieve swelling. Leaf: cool blood, remove toxicity and kill parasites. Indications, root: can be used for treating dysentery, cystitis, hematuria, edema, and laryngitis. And (4) fruit: can be used for treating dyspepsia, gastralgia, abdominal pain, epidermoid carcinoma and leukemia. Flower: abscess, swelling and sore. Leaf: can be used for treating hematochezia, furuncle, toxic swelling, scabies, tinea, scald, and trichomonas vaginalis. The prepared mixed ration has relatively strong disease resistance, can improve intestinal health, promote nutrient absorption and has the effects of preventing and treating diseases because of having strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and inhibiting and eliminating various cocci, bacilli, fungi, viruses and the like, and the nitraria tangutorum has partial effect of antibiotics.

2. The invention solves the problems of insufficient regional forage grass sources and unbalanced seasonal supply, and the formula also relates to corn straws which are distributed in various places, and have balanced nutrition and good palatability.

3. The invention utilizes the corn straws, realizes the resource recycling and the sustainable industrial development. Has obvious ecological, economic and social benefits.

4. The invention fully utilizes the unique effect of the nitraria tangutorum bobr, and has the advantages of simple preparation process, good palatability, comprehensive nutrition, high digestibility, easy storage and transportation, convenient feeding and no side effect. Through a comparison experiment of an antibiotic group added with tetracycline and polymyxin B and a non-antibiotic group, the non-antibiotic fermented total mixed ration with a certain health care effect is obtained, has the effects of obviously promoting the development, weight increment and immunity of sheep, and is a safe and nuisanceless green non-antibiotic ration capable of improving the quality of mutton.

5. Through anti-diarrhea and anti-inflammatory capability experiments, the difference between the non-antibiotic group and the antibiotic group is not obvious, and the Dactylicapni fermented total mixed ration has the similar effect to the antibiotic in the aspects of antibiosis and anti-inflammation. From the aspect of reducing edema, the antibiotic-free group is superior to the antibiotic group, which shows that the nitraria tangutorum fermented total mixed ration has good health-care effects on the aspects of clearing heat and removing toxicity, and promoting diuresis and reducing edema.

6. The nitraria tangutorum bobr raw material is wide in distribution, strong in adaptability, simple in planting, strong in tillering capability, high in yield and planted in both south and north. The process is simple and easy to implement, and both large-scale processing enterprises and farmers can process and produce the fish. The stems and leaves of the nitraria tangutorum bobr can be used, and the equipment investment is low.

7. The inventor combines the life habit and physiological attribute of sheep according to the characteristics of the nitraria tangutorum bobr, and further performs nutrition blending through long-time experiments, so that the feed product disclosed by the invention has more comprehensive nutrition and functional effects, is more suitable for sheep breeding, and improves the economic benefit of farmers.

Detailed Description

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.