阅读说明：本技术 纤维板的加工方法及用于所述加工方法的破碎分选装置 (Method for processing fiberboard and crushing and sorting device used for same ) 是由 胡德弟 张守恒 田军强 王晓明 展倩 于 2020-06-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种纤维板的加工方法及用于所述加工方法的破碎分选装置,所述加工方法包括如下步骤：对原料进行处理,使得处理后的原料适于进行纤维化加工；对处理后的原料进行纤维化加工,使之成为纤维；对所述纤维进行施胶；对施胶后的纤维进行筛选,剔除不合格的纤维；将筛选后的纤维输入板坯成型机,使之成为板坯；对所述板坯进行热压和剪裁。(The invention discloses a processing method of a fiberboard and a crushing and sorting device used for the processing method, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: processing the raw material to make the processed raw material suitable for fiberization processing; performing fiberization processing on the treated raw material to form fibers; sizing the fibers; screening the fibers after sizing, and removing unqualified fibers; inputting the screened fibers into a slab forming machine to form slabs; and carrying out hot pressing and cutting on the plate blank.)

1. A method for processing a fiberboard comprises the following steps:

processing the raw material to make the processed raw material suitable for fiberization processing;

performing fiberization processing on the treated raw material to form fibers;

sizing the fibers;

screening the fibers after sizing, and removing unqualified fibers;

inputting the screened fibers into a slab forming machine to form slabs;

and carrying out hot pressing and cutting on the plate blank.

2. The processing method according to claim 1,

the step of processing the raw material further comprises:

crushing the raw materials;

screening the crushed raw materials, and entering the next step when the screened qualified raw materials are selected;

returning the screened unqualified raw materials to the step of crushing treatment, and re-crushing treatment.

3. The processing method according to claim 1,

the raw material is bamboo reed;

the step of processing the raw material further comprises:

after the Arundo donax was crushed, the components other than the stalks were sieved out.

4. The processing method according to claim 1,

before the step of screening the sized fibers, a drying step is further included:

drying the sized fiber.

5. The processing method according to claim 1,

before the step of hot pressing and cutting the slab, the method also comprises the steps of removing impurities and checking:

removing metal impurities in the plate blank;

and detecting parameters of the slabs to identify the unqualified slabs.

6. The processing method according to claim 1,

the raw materials are log, brush wood and pennisetum hydridum, the step of processing the raw materials comprises:

processing said logs or brushwood into strands of predetermined size and shearing said pennisetum purpureum into predetermined size.

7. A crushing and sorting device (100) for a method of processing fibreboards as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the crushing and sorting device (100) comprises:

a housing (1);

the rotatable main shaft (2) is arranged in the shell (1);

the crushing parts (3) are arranged on the main shaft (2) and rotate along with the main shaft (2);

the separation component (4) is arranged in the shell (1), a first cavity (10) is enclosed by the separation component (4) to contain the plurality of crushing components (3), and a second cavity (20) is formed between the separation component (4) and the shell (1).

8. The crushing and sorting apparatus (100) of claim 7,

the plurality of crushing members (3) are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the main shaft (2), and the length of the plurality of crushing members (3) is gradually increased in the top-to-bottom direction.

9. A fiberboard processed according to the processing method of claim 1.

10. The fiberboard of claim 9, wherein the raw material is arundo donax or the raw material is raw wood, brush wood and pennisetum giganteum.

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of plate processing, in particular to a fiberboard processing method and a crushing and sorting device for the same.

Background

The raw materials used for processing the fiberboard are widely available, and when a new raw material is developed, adaptive exploration and adjustment of the processing method of the fiberboard are required. Also, the preparation of the fiberboard involves a plurality of processes, and research and improvement for each process are necessary to develop more and more new fiberboard processing methods to meet different production requirements.

In the processing process of the fiberboard, the raw material needs to be crushed and the crushed material needs to be sorted, and the crushing step and the sorting step are separately carried out, so that more energy and time need to be consumed. Therefore, there is a need to provide an apparatus that is capable of simultaneously performing crushing and sorting.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a novel fiberboard processing method and a crushing and sorting device with a crushing function and a sorting function.

According to one aspect of the invention, a method for processing a fiberboard is provided, which comprises the following steps: processing the raw material to make the processed raw material suitable for fiberization processing; performing fiberization processing on the treated raw material to form fibers; sizing the fibers; screening the fibers after sizing, and removing unqualified fibers; inputting the screened fibers into a slab forming machine to form slabs; and carrying out hot pressing and cutting on the plate blank.

According to some embodiments, the step of treating the feedstock further comprises: crushing the raw materials; screening the crushed raw materials, and entering the next step when the screened qualified raw materials are selected; returning the screened unqualified raw materials to the step of crushing treatment, and re-crushing treatment.

According to some embodiments, the feedstock is arundo donax; the step of processing the raw material further comprises: after the Arundo donax was crushed, the components other than the stalks were sieved out.

According to some embodiments, the step of screening the sized fibers further comprises the step of drying: drying the sized fiber.

According to some embodiments, before the step of hot pressing and cutting the slab, a step of removing impurities and a step of inspection are further included: removing metal impurities in the plate blank; and detecting parameters of the slabs to identify the unqualified slabs.

According to some embodiments, the raw materials are logs, brushwood and pennisetum, and the step of treating the raw materials comprises: processing said logs or brushwood into strands of predetermined size and shearing said pennisetum purpureum into predetermined size.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crushing and sorting apparatus for the fiberboard processing method, wherein the crushing and sorting apparatus includes: a housing; the rotatable main shaft is arranged in the shell; the crushing components are arranged on the main shaft and rotate along with the main shaft; the sorting component is arranged in the shell, the sorting component encloses a first cavity to contain the crushing components, and a second cavity is formed between the sorting component and the shell.

According to some embodiments, the plurality of crushing members are arranged at intervals in an axial direction of the main shaft, and the length of the plurality of crushing members is gradually increased in an upper-to-lower direction.

According to another aspect of the invention, a fiberboard is provided, wherein the fiberboard is processed according to the processing method.

According to some embodiments, the raw material is bamboo reeds or the raw material is logs, brushwood and pennisetum giganteum.

In the method for processing a fiberboard according to an embodiment of the present invention, a desired fiberboard can be processed by subjecting a raw material to a series of steps of treatment, fiberization processing, sizing, screening, mat forming, hot pressing, and cutting.

Drawings

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the invention which refers to the accompanying drawings, and may assist in a comprehensive understanding of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a crushing and sorting apparatus for a fiberboard processing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings. In the specification, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components.

In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure. It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in schematic form in order to simplify the drawing.

The invention provides a processing method of a fiberboard, which comprises the following steps: processing the raw material to make the processed raw material suitable for fiberization processing; performing fiberization processing on the treated raw material to form fibers; sizing the fibers; screening the fibers after sizing, and removing unqualified fibers; inputting the screened fibers into a slab forming machine to form slabs; and carrying out hot pressing and cutting on the plate blank.

In one embodiment, the step of processing the feedstock further comprises: crushing the raw materials; screening the crushed raw materials, and entering the next step when the screened qualified raw materials are selected; returning the screened unqualified raw materials to the step of crushing treatment, and re-crushing treatment.

The crushing treatment can be accomplished by a crusher comprising a roll shaft on which blades or hammers are provided for cutting or crushing the raw material. The raw materials after the crushing treatment can be screened by using a screen, and the aperture of the screen can be 50-70 mm. For example, the mesh may have a pore size of 60mm, thereby ultimately breaking the feedstock to less than 60mm in length. Compared with the traditional chipping machine, the raw material processed by the crusher has the advantage that the electric energy consumption is reduced by more than 30%.

The processing of the fiberboard can select non-wood raw materials so as to solve the problem of wood resource shortage. In one embodiment, Arundo donax or Meristotheca gigas can be selected as the raw material. The arundo donax linn and the Jujun grass are perennial gramineous plants, are high-yield agricultural plant resources, can be harvested for many years after being planted at one time, are tall and erect, and have strong adaptability, good stress resistance and high biomass yield. At present, the giant reed and the giant juniper are generally used as feeds and are used singly. Therefore, the invention provides a new application for preparing the fiberboard by using the giant reed or the giant juniper as the raw material.

In another embodiment, wood and pennisetum hydridum can be selected as raw materials of the fiberboard. The fiberboard is produced by adopting the Jujun grass simply, bridges are easy to be built in the raw material conveying process, the whole operation rate of equipment is influenced, the problems can be improved by adding part of wood, and the process control is simpler. The wood may specifically comprise logs, brushwood or the like.

For the case that the raw materials are logs, brushwood and pennisetum purpureum, the step of treating the raw materials comprises: processing said logs or brushwood into strands of predetermined size and shearing said pennisetum purpureum into predetermined size. The barking machine can be used for processing the logs and the branches to remove barks, and then chipping processing can be carried out to obtain wood chips with preset length, wherein the preset length can be 15-40 mm. The Jujun grass can be cut into 30-100 mm in length.

After the raw wood or branch wood is processed into wood chips, the wood chips can be screened by a screening machine to remove impurities such as overlarge wood chips and soil, and the aperture of a screen mesh of the screening machine can be 30-60 mm. The sheared giant fungus grass can be screened by a screening machine to remove medulla and branches and leaves, and the aperture of a screen mesh of the screening machine can be 10-20 mm. The pennisetum hydridum is a perennial gramineous plant, has more branches and leaves, and the wood fiber content is low and the ash content is large, so the pennisetum hydridum needs to be screened out before the fiberization processing as much as possible. The screened wood chips and the Jujun grass can be mixed in proportion to obtain a mixture, wherein the weight percentage of the wood chips can be 20-60%. The blend is then fiberized, for example, by a defibrator.

For the case that the raw material is arundo donax, the step of processing the raw material further comprises: after the Arundo donax was crushed, the components other than the stalks were sieved out. The components other than the stalks, including, for example, branches and leaves, medulla, and mixed-in sand and stone, are removed to prevent bridging and clogging in the cooking cylinder of the defibrator or other subsequent steps. The crushing and sorting device 100 described below may be used to perform crushing and sorting operations on arundo donax linn raw materials to achieve screening out of components other than stalks. The arundo donax subjected to the pulverization treatment and the screening of the specific component is then subjected to a fiberization treatment, and may be processed into a fibrous state by, for example, a hot mill.

The step of sizing the fibers may comprise: and (2) isocyanate adhesive is applied to the fiber, so that the prepared fiber board is ensured not to release formaldehyde, the fiber board is safe and environment-friendly, and the adhesive application amount can be 3-5%. Before the step of screening the sized fibers, a drying step is further included: drying the sized fiber. The sized fibers may be passed into a drying tunnel for drying. In some embodiments, the water content after drying is 8-14%. In another embodiment, the water content after drying is 8-12%. For Jujun grass and giant reed, the crude fiber obtained after the fiberization process is more than that of wood, so in order to ensure the quality of the fiberboard, fiber screening equipment is required to screen the fiber.

The screened fibers can be paved into continuous slabs with uniform structures on a moving conveyor belt. Before the step of hot pressing and cutting the slab, the method also comprises the steps of removing impurities and checking: removing metal impurities in the plate blank; and detecting parameters of the slabs to identify the unqualified slabs. The metal impurities in the slab can be removed by using a magnet, and then the pre-pressing is carried out. The parameters of the slab may include at least one of: the weight of the slab, the metal impurities in the slab, the transverse density of the slab. The weight of the slab can be automatically metered. The rejected slabs can be automatically discharged from the production line.

The qualified plate blank enters a continuous press for hot pressing, the hot pressing process comprises a plurality of stages, the temperature and the pressure of each stage can be accurately adjusted according to the process requirements, the hot pressing temperature can be 230 ℃ at most, the hot pressing temperature range can be 160-230 ℃, the thickness of the pressed plate blank is 1.5-25 mm, and the density of the plate blank is 600-900 kg/cm³. And (4) sawing the formed plate blank longitudinally, cutting off transversely, cooling, stacking and warehousing.

The invention also provides a fiberboard which is processed according to the processing method. In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiberboard is arundo donax. In another embodiment, the raw material of the fiberboard is wood and pennisetum, more specifically, may be raw wood, brush wood and pennisetum.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating a crushing and sorting apparatus 100 for a fiberboard processing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the crushing and sorting apparatus 100 includes: a housing 1; a rotatable spindle 2 arranged in the housing 1; a plurality of crushing members 3 provided on the main shaft 2 and rotating along with the main shaft 2; the sorting component 4 is arranged in the shell 1, the sorting component 4 encloses a first cavity 10 to accommodate the crushing components 3, and a second cavity 20 is formed between the sorting component 4 and the shell 1. Wherein the material to be crushed enters the first chamber 10 and crushed material of a first size is discharged from the first chamber 10 and crushed material of a second size enters the second chamber 20 and is discharged therefrom.

In the crushing and sorting device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the material to be crushed enters the first chamber 10, is crushed by the plurality of crushing members 3 in the first chamber 10, the crushed material having the first size is discharged from the first chamber 10, the crushed material having the second size passes through the sorting member 4 under the centrifugal force to enter the second chamber 20, and is discharged from the second chamber 20, so that the crushed material having the first size and the crushed material having the second size can be separated. The crushing and the sorting can be carried out simultaneously, so that the efficiency can be improved, and the energy can be saved.

The sorting member 4 may have a cylindrical structure having a mesh, for example, a cylindrical screen for sorting the crushed material according to the form and size. In one embodiment, the aperture of the sieve pore can be 10-20 mm, and components (such as impurities such as medulla ossium, branches and leaves, sand and stones) except stems in the giant reed crushed material can be sieved, so that a good sorting effect is achieved. The housing 1 may be a cylindrical structure, and the second cavity 20 formed between the housing 1 and the sorting member 4 may be an annular cavity. The housing 1 may be provided with mounting portions for mounting the sorting elements 4.

The raw materials are broken and cut, the medulla and the branches and leaves can be separated from the branches and the trunks, impurities such as sand and stone mixed in the medulla and the branches and leaves and the raw materials are broken, the appearance size is small, the impurities can penetrate through the sieve pores of the sorting part 4 under the action of centrifugal force and then enter the second cavity 20, broken materials such as the branches and the like are blocked by the sorting part 4 and are left in the first cavity 10, and therefore the required broken materials and the broken materials needing to be removed can be separated. The raw material may be cut before entering the crushing and sorting device 100, and then the crushing and sorting device 100 may crush and sort the raw material cut to a predetermined length.

The crushing and sorting device 100 may include a feed opening provided at the top of the crushing and sorting device 100, as shown in fig. 1, through which material to be crushed may enter the first chamber 10 in a direction indicated by an arrow a. The crushing and sorting apparatus 100 may include a first discharge port corresponding to the first chamber 10 such that crushed material having a first size in the first chamber 10 is discharged therefrom, and as shown in fig. 1, the crushed material having the first size may be discharged out of the first chamber 10 through the first discharge port in a direction indicated by an arrow B1. The crushing and sorting apparatus 100 may include a second discharge port corresponding to the second chamber 20 such that the crushed material having the second size in the second chamber 20 is discharged therefrom, and as shown in fig. 1, the crushed material having the second size may be discharged out of the second chamber 20 through the second discharge port in a direction indicated by an arrow B2.

The material inlet may be provided with a material guiding member, and the material guiding member has a certain inclination angle relative to the axis of the device 100, so that the material can enter the first cavity 10 along a certain inclination, which is beneficial to the material to flow along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the flow range is large. The number of the feed inlets can be one, and the feed inlets are arranged on one side of the top of the device 100; the number of the feeding holes can be multiple, so that the materials can rapidly enter the first cavity 10 from different positions.

The crushing and sorting device 100 further comprises an outfeed guide member connected to a lower portion of the sorting unit 4, which may be a cylindrical structure having a radial dimension gradually increasing in an upward-downward direction. The broken material in the first cavity 10 flows in the cavity of the discharging guide part, the broken material in the second cavity 20 flows between the discharging guide part and the shell 1, and under the action of the discharging guide part, the broken material flowing out of the second cavity 20 flows outwards to draw a distance away from the broken material flowing out of the first cavity 10, so that the broken material and the broken material are prevented from being mixed.

The crushing and sorting device 100 may further include a wind feeding part for supplying wind to the second chamber 20. Through the effect of wind power, can promote the broken material in the second cavity 20 to follow the discharge of second discharge gate prevents that broken material from bonding, avoids flowing the dead angle. That is, the broken material in the second cavity 20 can be discharged from the second discharge hole under the action of gravity and wind, so that the broken material can be discharged in time, and the problem of material blockage is avoided.

The main shaft 2 may be a rod-shaped structure extending in the up-down direction, and the main shaft 2 may be provided at an axial position of the housing 1. The crushing and sorting device 100 further comprises a driving part 6 connected to the main shaft 2 and driving the main shaft 2 to rotate. The spindle 2 can be connected to the drive member 6 by means of a coupling 7, which coupling 7 can be, for example, a lock nut. The main shaft 2 may be connected to a rotation shaft of the driving member 6. The drive member 6 may be a motor. The number of the driving parts 6 may be one or more, and the driving parts 6 may be provided at the top and/or the bottom of the crushing and sorting device 100. The drive member 6 may be mounted outside the housing 1.

The plurality of crushing members 3 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the main shaft 2, i.e. the plurality of crushing members 3 are arranged in multiple layers, and the number of each layer of crushing members 3 may be one or more. The plurality of crushing members 3 rotate together with the main shaft 2 to crush and cut the material entering the first chamber 10. Meanwhile, as the main shaft 2 and the plurality of crushing parts 3 continuously rotate, the materials are crushed and then are subjected to centrifugal force to move towards the sorting part 4. Each crushing element 3 extends outwardly from the main shaft 2, and the shape of the crushing element 3 may be a straight plate, a spiral or the like. The crushing members 3 may be arranged in the following manner: helical arrangement, symmetrical arrangement, staggered arrangement, symmetrical staggered arrangement and the like.

The ends of the crushing members 3 may be provided with a hard alloy layer, which may be formed, for example, by means of build-up welding, in order to increase the hardness, strength, wear resistance, etc. of the crushing members 3, so that the crushing process proceeds more fully and rapidly. The crushing component 3 can be a hammer slice, and the diameter of a rotor of the hammer slice can be 800-1600 mm, wherein the diameter of the rotor refers to the diameter of the tail end motion track of the hammer slice when the device works. The hammer piece has proper length, which is beneficial to improving high electric yield, and if the hammer piece is too long, the metal consumption is increased, and the electricity yield is reduced. The linear velocity of the hammer can be 80-100 m/s.

The crushing and sorting device 100 further comprises a plurality of dividing elements 5 provided on the main shaft 2 for dividing adjacent crushing elements 3. The use of the partition element 5 facilitates the simplification of the construction of the breaker element 3 and facilitates the manufacture and assembly thereof. The partition member 5 may be in the form of a partition sleeve, which is fitted over the main shaft 2.

In one embodiment, the length of the plurality of crushing members 3 is gradually increased in the up-down direction. Wherein the crushing members 3 are shorter in length near the upper part of the apparatus 100, so that a larger gap is formed between the crushing members 3 and the sorting members 4, facilitating the entry of the material; at a position close to the lower part of the device 100, the length of the crushing members 3 is larger, so that a smaller gap is formed between the crushing members 3 and the sorting members 4, so that the material can be crushed sufficiently. Along with the crushing process, the crushed material with the second size produced can be fed by the centrifugal force through the sorting member 4 into the second chamber 20 in time and further discharged.

The crushing and sorting device 100 disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, can realize timely sorting of crushed materials while crushing and cutting the materials, and has the advantages of multiple functions and high efficiency.

The following description is based on specific examples.