阅读说明：本技术 降雪模拟装置及设备 (Snowfall simulation device and equipment ) 是由 周帆 武金模 陆彭飞 林虹霞 刘小勇 付明 于 2020-05-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种降雪模拟装置及设备,降雪模拟装置包括：喷嘴,喷嘴用于通入液体且将液体雾化喷出；换热器,换热器设在喷嘴的喷射方向的上方,换热器为封闭的环形管,换热器上设有用于通入冷媒的入口,换热器的内圈沿周向间隔开地设有多个冷媒喷管,多个冷媒喷管的轴线与换热器的内圈之间均具有夹角,夹角构造成多个冷媒喷管喷出的冷媒在换热器的中心形成冷却旋流。本发明够在喷嘴的喷射上方创造出低温环境,结构简单,可降低实验室环境内降雪工况下的冷负荷,显著降低对实验室整体环境的要求,降低成本。多个冷媒喷管喷出的冷媒在换热器内圈中形成的低温冷却旋流,使雾化的液滴在旋流中可充分接触换热,在较小区域内使降雪充分发展。(The invention discloses a snowfall simulation device and equipment, wherein the snowfall simulation device comprises: the nozzle is used for introducing liquid and atomizing and spraying the liquid; the heat exchanger is arranged above the spraying direction of the nozzle and is a closed annular pipe, an inlet for introducing a refrigerant is formed in the heat exchanger, a plurality of refrigerant spray pipes are arranged on an inner ring of the heat exchanger at intervals along the circumferential direction, included angles are formed between the axes of the refrigerant spray pipes and the inner ring of the heat exchanger, and the included angles form cooling rotational flows in the center of the heat exchanger by the refrigerant sprayed from the refrigerant spray pipes. The invention can create a low-temperature environment above the spray of the nozzle, has simple structure, can reduce the cold load under the snowfall working condition in the laboratory environment, obviously reduces the requirement on the whole environment of the laboratory and reduces the cost. The coolant sprayed by the coolant spray pipes forms low-temperature cooling rotational flow in the inner ring of the heat exchanger, so that atomized liquid drops can fully contact and exchange heat in the rotational flow, and snowfall can be fully developed in a small area.)

1. A snowfall simulator, comprising:

the nozzle is used for introducing liquid and atomizing and spraying the liquid;

the heat exchanger is arranged above the spraying direction of the nozzle and is a closed annular pipe, an inlet for introducing a refrigerant is formed in the heat exchanger, a plurality of refrigerant spray pipes are arranged on an inner ring of the heat exchanger at intervals along the circumferential direction, included angles are formed between the axis of the refrigerant spray pipes and the inner ring of the heat exchanger, and the included angles are formed into a plurality of refrigerants sprayed by the refrigerant spray pipes to form cooling rotational flow in the center of the heat exchanger.

2. A snow simulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is provided in plurality at intervals in the jet direction of the nozzle.

3. A snow simulator as claimed in claim 1, in which the heat exchanger is a toroidal tube or a polygonal toroidal tube.

4. A snow simulator as claimed in claim 3, wherein the centre of the heat exchanger and the centre of the nozzle coincide on a horizontal projection plane of the heat exchanger and the nozzle.

5. A snow simulator as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the heat exchanger is a toroidal tube, the plurality of refrigerant nozzles are arranged at equal intervals on the toroidal tube.

6. A snow simulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle between the axis of the coolant lance and the inner edge of the heat exchanger is in the range 30 to 60 degrees.

7. A snow simulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coolant introduced into the heat exchanger is a source of cold air of adjustable pressure and temperature.

8. A snow simulator as defined in claim 1, wherein the coolant sprayed from the plurality of coolant nozzles forms a cooling vortex in the heat exchanger at a temperature of less than or equal to-5 ℃.

9. A snow simulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger has a horizontal bisecting plane, and the axes of the plurality of refrigerant nozzles are all located on the horizontal bisecting plane.

10. A snowfall simulation device, comprising:

a liquid supply device connected to the nozzle;

the refrigerant supply device is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger;

a snowfall simulator according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological environment artificial simulation, in particular to a snowfall simulation device and equipment.

Background

The snowfall artificial simulator is one kind of snowfall simulator applied in environment simulating laboratory.

The principle of a common artificial snow making method is as follows: the ice making machine is characterized in that water is made into flake ice through an ice making device, the made flake ice is crushed into powder through an ice crushing device, and finally the powder ice crystals are sent out through an air conveying system. The mode snow making system is complex, and the quality of the made snow is far from the natural snow.

Another common principle of snowfall simulators is: a water mist spray head (snow gun) is arranged at the top of an environment laboratory, then a low-temperature environment is created in the environment laboratory, and water drops sprayed out of the spray head exchange heat with low-temperature air in the falling process to crystallize into snowflakes. However, the snowfall implementation method has high requirements on the temperature and the humidity of the environment, and the environment temperature is generally required to be below-5 ℃. This can greatly increase the cold load in snowfall conditions in environmental laboratories. Meanwhile, the temperature of the whole test room needs to be reduced to be lower than minus 5 ℃, so that the method cannot create a snowfall working condition that the temperature of an experimental area is higher than minus 5 ℃.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a snowing simulation device, which aims to solve the problems that the existing snowing simulation device has high requirements on the temperature and the humidity of the whole environment of a laboratory and has a complex structure.

The invention also aims to provide snowing simulation equipment to apply the snowing simulation device.

A snowfall simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the nozzle is used for introducing liquid and atomizing and spraying the liquid; the heat exchanger is arranged above the spraying direction of the nozzle and is a closed annular pipe, an inlet for introducing a refrigerant is formed in the heat exchanger, a plurality of refrigerant spray pipes are arranged on an inner ring of the heat exchanger at intervals along the circumferential direction, included angles are formed between the axis of the refrigerant spray pipes and the inner ring of the heat exchanger, and the included angles are formed into a plurality of refrigerants sprayed by the refrigerant spray pipes to form cooling rotational flow in the center of the heat exchanger.

According to the snowing simulation device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the nozzle and the heat exchanger positioned above the spraying direction of the nozzle are arranged, so that a low-temperature environment can be created above the spraying of the nozzle, compared with a manual snowing method, the snowing simulation device is simple in structure and can reduce the cost, and compared with the method for creating a low-temperature environment adaptive to temperature and humidity in a laboratory, the snowing simulation device can reduce the cold load under the snowing working condition in the laboratory environment and remarkably reduce the requirement on the whole environment of the laboratory. And the refrigerant sprayed by the refrigerant spray pipes forms low-temperature cooling rotational flow in the inner ring of the heat exchanger, so that atomized liquid drops can fully contact and exchange heat in the rotational flow, snow can be fully developed in a small area, and a good snow falling simulation effect is ensured.

In some embodiments, the heat exchanger is provided in plurality at intervals in the injection direction of the nozzle.

In some embodiments, the heat exchanger is a toroidal tube or a polygonal toroidal tube.

Optionally, on a horizontal projection plane of the heat exchanger and the nozzle, the center of the heat exchanger and the center of the nozzle coincide.

Optionally, when the heat exchanger is a circular tube, the plurality of refrigerant nozzles are arranged on the circular tube at equal intervals.

In some embodiments, the included angle between the axis of the refrigerant nozzle and the inner side edge of the heat exchanger ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

In some embodiments, the refrigerant introduced into the heat exchanger is a cold air source with adjustable pressure and temperature.

In some embodiments, the temperature of the cooling rotational flow formed in the heat exchanger by the refrigerant sprayed from the plurality of refrigerant spray pipes is less than or equal to minus 5 ℃.

In some embodiments, the heat exchanger has a horizontal bisection plane, and the axes of the refrigerant nozzles are all located on the horizontal bisection plane.

The snowing simulation equipment comprises a liquid supply device, a liquid supply device and a control device, wherein the liquid supply device is connected with the nozzle; the refrigerant supply device is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger; snowing simulation device according to any one of the preceding claims.

According to the snowing simulation equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger 20 is positioned above the spraying direction of the nozzle 10 through the snowing simulation device 100, so that a low-temperature environment can be created, the structure is simple, the cost can be reduced, the cold load under a snowing working condition in a laboratory environment can be reduced, and the requirement on the whole environment of the laboratory is obviously reduced. And the refrigerant sprayed by the refrigerant spray pipes 201 in the snowing simulation device 100 forms a low-temperature cooling rotational flow in the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, so that atomized liquid drops can fully contact and exchange heat in the rotational flow, snowing can be fully developed in a small area, and a good snowing simulation effect is ensured.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a snowfall simulator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a snowfall simulator in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a top view of a snowfall simulator in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

100. a snowfall simulator;

10. a nozzle;

20. a heat exchanger; 201. a refrigerant spray pipe; alpha, an included angle; beta, angle.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "length," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

A snowfall simulator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, a snowfall simulator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a nozzle 10 and a heat exchanger 20.

The nozzle 10 is used for introducing liquid and atomizing and spraying the liquid. The heat exchanger 20 is disposed above the injection direction of the nozzle 10 (as shown in fig. 1 and 2), the heat exchanger 20 is a closed annular tube, an inlet (not shown) for introducing a refrigerant is disposed on the heat exchanger 20, a plurality of refrigerant nozzles 201 are disposed on an inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 at intervals along a circumferential direction, an included angle α is formed between an axis of each of the refrigerant nozzles 201 and the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, and the included angle α is configured such that the refrigerant sprayed by the refrigerant nozzles 201 forms a cooling rotational flow at the center of the heat exchanger 20.

It can be understood that after the refrigerant is introduced into the inlet of the heat exchanger 20, the refrigerant is ejected through the plurality of refrigerant nozzles 201, and since the heat exchanger 20 is a closed annular tube, the ejected refrigerant is accumulated in the inner ring of the annular tube, so that a low temperature environment can be formed in the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20. Because an included angle α is formed between the axis of each refrigerant nozzle 201 and the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, that is, the refrigerant is ejected along a certain angle deviated from the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 and flows in the inner ring, for example, the included angle α formed between the plurality of refrigerant nozzles 201 and the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 is arranged clockwise or counterclockwise, so that the refrigerant ejected from the plurality of refrigerant nozzles 201 can form a cooling rotational flow in the center of the heat exchanger 20. After the liquid in the nozzle 10 is atomized and sprayed out from the nozzle, an air-liquid droplet two-phase flow with a certain angle of expansion is formed, for example, the liquid introduced into the nozzle 10 can be water, the atomized liquid droplets pass through a low-temperature environment of an inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, ice crystals or snowflakes are easily formed after heat exchange with low temperature, the atomized liquid droplets are easy to organize rotational flow heat exchange in a cooling rotational flow, the heat exchange between a refrigerant and the atomized liquid droplets is increased, the collision between the snowflakes is increased, snowfall is fully developed in a smaller low-temperature area, and after the heat exchange and the collision are fully developed, the snowflakes are blown out from the uppermost end of the heat exchanger 20.

According to the snowing simulation device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle 10 and the heat exchanger 20 positioned above the ejection direction of the nozzle 10 are provided, so that a low temperature environment can be created above the ejection of the nozzle 10, and the snowing simulation device 100 is simple in structure and can reduce the cost compared to a snowmaking method. Compared with the low-temperature environment with temperature and humidity adaptation created in a laboratory, the snowfall simulation device 100 can reduce the cold load under the snowfall working condition in the laboratory environment, and obviously reduce the requirement on the whole environment of the laboratory. And the refrigerant sprayed by the refrigerant spray pipes 201 forms low-temperature cooling rotational flow in the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, so that atomized liquid drops can fully contact and exchange heat in the rotational flow, snowfall can be fully developed in a small area, and a good snowfall simulation effect is ensured.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 20 is provided in plurality spaced apart along the direction of the spray of the nozzle 10. By adopting the mode, the low-temperature environments created by the heat exchangers 20 are mutually bordered, and a long-path low-temperature environment area can be constructed, so that the heat exchange stroke of the atomized liquid sprayed by the nozzle 10 can be increased, namely, the heat exchange time of the atomized liquid drops in the low-temperature environment is prolonged, the atomized liquid drops can fully exchange heat, snowflakes can be fully developed, and a good snowfall simulation effect can be ensured.

In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 20 is a toroidal tube or a polygonal toroidal tube. For example, as shown in fig. 3, the heat exchanger 20 is a circular tube, and an angle α between the refrigerant nozzle 201 and an inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 is an inclination angle between an axis of the refrigerant nozzle 201 and a straight line tangent to the circular tube and the refrigerant nozzle 201. The heat exchanger 20 may also be a polygonal annular tube, for example, a triangular annular tube, an included angle α between the refrigerant nozzle 201 and the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 is an inclination angle between the axis of the refrigerant nozzle 201 and the inner side edge of the triangular annular tube; or a rectangular annular tube, the included angle α between the refrigerant nozzle 201 and the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 is the inclination angle between the axis of the refrigerant nozzle 201 and the inner side of the rectangular annular tube. Of course, the polygonal ring pipe can also be a pentagonal or hexagonal ring pipe, which is not described in detail here.

Optionally, on the horizontal projection plane of the heat exchanger 20 and the nozzle 10, the center of the heat exchanger 20 coincides with the center of the nozzle 10, and since the plurality of refrigerant nozzles 201 are circumferentially distributed along the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, a cooling cyclone is formed at the center of the heat exchanger 20, the center of the cooling cyclone formed by the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 coincides with the axis of the nozzle 10, and atomized liquid droplets are ejected through the center of the cooling cyclone, so as to achieve better heat exchange.

Optionally, when the heat exchanger 20 is a circular tube, the plurality of refrigerant nozzles 201 are arranged on the circular tube at equal intervals, that is, the heat exchanger 20 is divided into a plurality of equal regions, each refrigerant nozzle 201 cools the corresponding region, the low temperature formed at each position of the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 is relatively uniform, and the arrangement can also ensure that the plurality of refrigerant nozzles 201 can provide stable cooling rotational flow after being ejected at the included angle α. It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 3, when the heat exchanger 20 is a circular tube, an angle β is formed between the axis of the refrigerant nozzle 201 and the radial direction of the circular tube, and the angle β is a complementary angle of the included angle α.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, an included angle α between the axis of the refrigerant nozzle 201 and the inner side of the heat exchanger 20 is in a range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees, in which the cooling swirling flow is formed in the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, and specifically, the included angle α between the axis of the refrigerant nozzle 201 and the inner side of the heat exchanger 20 is set to be 45 degrees as an optimal value.

In some embodiments, the cooling medium introduced into the heat exchanger 20 is a cold air source with adjustable pressure and temperature.

In some embodiments, the temperature of the cooling swirling flow formed in the heat exchanger 20 by the refrigerant ejected from the plurality of refrigerant nozzles 201 is less than or equal to minus 5 degrees celsius, and the atomized liquid droplets ejected from the nozzles 10 are prone to crystallization or snowflake formation.

In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 20 has a horizontal median plane (not shown), and the axes of the refrigerant nozzles 201 are located on the horizontal median plane, it can be understood that the spraying direction of the refrigerant nozzles 201 is perpendicular to the spraying direction of the nozzle 10 in this way, so as to avoid temperature loss caused by the fact that the spraying direction of the refrigerant nozzles 201 is not perpendicular to the spraying direction of the nozzle 10, so that the refrigerant can be crystallized or form snowflakes with better heat exchange performance.

One embodiment of the snowfall simulator 100 of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a snowfall simulator 100 includes a nozzle 10 and a heat exchanger 20.

The nozzle 10 is used for introducing water and atomizing and spraying the water.

The heat exchanger 20 is arranged above the injection direction of the nozzle 10, the heat exchanger 20 is a closed circular tube, an inlet for introducing a refrigerant is arranged on the heat exchanger 20, four refrigerant spray pipes 201 are arranged on an inner ring of the heat exchanger 20 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the four refrigerant spray pipes 201 are arranged on the circular tube at equal intervals, included angles alpha are formed between the axes of the four refrigerant spray pipes 201 and the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, and the included angles alpha are constructed in a manner that the refrigerant sprayed by the refrigerant spray pipes 201 forms a cooling rotational flow in the center of the heat exchanger 20.

The heat exchangers 20 are provided three at intervals in the injection direction of the nozzle 10. On the horizontal projection plane of the heat exchanger 20 and the nozzle 10, the center of the heat exchanger 20 and the center of the nozzle 10 coincide.

An included angle alpha between the axis of the refrigerant nozzle 201 and the inner side edge of the heat exchanger 20 is 45 degrees.

The cooling medium introduced into the heat exchanger 20 is a cold air source with adjustable pressure and temperature, and the heat exchanger 20 forms a cold air coil above the spraying direction of the nozzle 10.

The temperature of the cooling rotational flow formed in the heat exchanger 20 by the refrigerant sprayed from the refrigerant spray pipe 201 is less than minus 5 ℃.

The heat exchanger 20 has a horizontal bisection plane, and the axes of the refrigerant nozzles 201 are all located on the horizontal bisection plane.

The method of use of the snowfall simulator 100 of the present invention is described below:

in operation, the nozzle 10 ejects a two-phase flow of air-liquid droplets with a certain spread angle. Above the nozzle 10 is a cold air coil, which needs to be provided with a source of cold air at its inlet, of adjustable pressure and temperature, which should be below-5 ℃. A series of equidistant refrigerant spray pipes 201 are arranged on the inner ring of the coil pipe, the direction of the refrigerant spray pipes 201 is perpendicular to the axis of the nozzle 10, and an angle beta exists between the refrigerant spray pipes and the radial direction of the cold air coil pipe, so that rotational flow heat exchange can be organized, the heat exchange of cold air and spray water drops is increased, the collision between snow flakes is increased, and the snowfall can be fully developed in a small area. After the heat exchange and the collision are fully developed, the snowflakes are blown out from the uppermost end of the cold air coil.

In conclusion, the traditional snowfall implementation method has high requirements on the temperature and humidity of the environment, and generally requires the environment temperature to be below-5 ℃, which can greatly increase the cold load under the snowfall working condition in the environmental laboratory. Meanwhile, the temperature of the whole test room is required to be reduced to be lower than minus 5 ℃, so that the method cannot create a snowfall working condition that the temperature of an experimental area is higher than minus 5 ℃. The snowfall simulation device 100 provided by the invention greatly reduces the cold load under the snowfall working condition in the environmental laboratory, can create the snowfall working condition that the temperature of the experimental area is higher than-5 ℃, and can obviously weaken the temperature and humidity requirements on the experimental area under the snowfall working condition.

A snowfall simulation device (not shown) according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a liquid supply device (not shown), a refrigerant supply device (not shown), and a snowfall simulation device 100.

It will be appreciated that a liquid supply means is associated with the nozzle 10 for supplying the liquid required for snowfall simulation, for example water, which is used to pass water into the nozzle 10 and out of it and is capable of forming an air-liquid droplet two-phase flow. The refrigerant supply device is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 20 for introducing a refrigerant medium with adjustable pressure and temperature into the inlet of the heat exchanger 20, for example, the refrigerant may be a cold air source. The snowfall simulator 100 is a snowfall simulator 100 according to any one of the preceding paragraphs

According to the snowing simulation device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger 20 is positioned above the spraying direction of the nozzle 10 through the snowing simulation device 100, so that a low-temperature environment can be created, compared with the low-temperature environment suitable for temperature and humidity created in a laboratory, the snowing simulation device 100 is simple in structure, the cold load under the snowing working condition in the laboratory environment can be reduced, the requirement on the whole environment of the laboratory is obviously reduced, and the cost is reduced. And the refrigerant sprayed by the refrigerant spray pipes 201 in the snowing simulation device 100 forms a low-temperature cooling rotational flow in the inner ring of the heat exchanger 20, so that atomized liquid drops can fully contact and exchange heat in the rotational flow, snowing can be fully developed in a small area, and a good snowing simulation effect is ensured.

Other constructions and the like and operation of the snowing simulator 100 according to embodiments of the invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "embodiment," "example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.