阅读说明：本技术 一种用于深水陡坡开孔的施工方法及爆破聚能弹 (Construction method for drilling deep water abrupt slope and blasting energy-gathering bomb ) 是由 李永丰 潘江洋 王少华 陈颖 刘良平 夏瑜斌 于 2020-05-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种深水陡坡开孔施工方法及爆破聚能弹,该方法包括：对爆破目标区域进行平面和三维扫测,获得钻孔所在斜面的坡度和钻孔位置坐标；将完成起爆网络连接的爆破聚能弹轴向垂直于所述钻孔所在斜面,调整爆破聚能弹的凹陷面位于钻孔位置正上方预定距离并固定；起爆爆破聚能弹在钻孔位置完成槽坑的施工。用于解决现有技术中深水陡坡环境下难于进行钻孔作业等问题,通过爆破聚能弹对深水陡坡预定的钻孔位置进行深度侵彻,完成水下陡坡的开孔作业,为工程机械设备的钻孔作业奠定基础。(The invention discloses a deepwater steep slope opening construction method and blasting energy-gathering bombs, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing plane and three-dimensional scanning measurement on the blasting target area to obtain the gradient of the inclined plane where the drill hole is located and the position coordinate of the drill hole; axially enabling the blasting energy-accumulating bomb which is connected with the initiation network to be perpendicular to the inclined plane where the drill hole is located, and adjusting the concave surface of the blasting energy-accumulating bomb to be located at a preset distance right above the position of the drill hole and fixing the blasting energy-accumulating bomb; and (5) finishing the construction of the groove pit at the drilling position by using the detonation blasting energy-gathering bomb. The method is used for solving the problems that drilling operation is difficult to perform in the deep water steep slope environment in the prior art, and the like, and the drilling position preset in the deep water steep slope is deeply penetrated through by blasting energy-gathered bombs, so that the drilling operation of the underwater steep slope is completed, and a foundation is laid for the drilling operation of engineering mechanical equipment.)

1. The deepwater steep slope opening construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, performing plane and three-dimensional scanning measurement on a blasting target area to obtain the gradient of an inclined plane where a drill hole is located and the position coordinates of the drill hole;

step 2, axially enabling the blasting energy-accumulating bomb which completes the detonation network connection to be perpendicular to the inclined plane where the drill hole is located, adjusting the concave surface of the blasting energy-accumulating bomb to be located at a preset distance right above the drill hole and fixing the concave surface;

and 3, finishing the construction of the groove pit at the drilling position by using the detonation blasting energy-gathered bomb.

2. The deepwater steep slope opening construction method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises the following steps:

step 21, fixing the drilling and blasting ship on the water surface of a blasting target area;

step 22, monitoring the angle between the concave surface of the blasting energy-gathering bomb and the inclined plane where the drill hole is located and the distance between the concave surface and the drill hole, namely the blasting height, through the underwater robot; the blasting angle and the blasting height of the energy-accumulating bomb are controlled by controlling a steel wire rope winch arranged on the drilling and blasting ship to adjust the length of a steel wire rope connected to different positions of the blasting energy-accumulating bomb;

and step 23, fixing all the steel wire ropes to enable the blasting energy-gathering bomb to be suspended vertically to the position of the drill hole according to the designed blasting height.

3. The deepwater steep slope opening construction method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step 21 comprises:

and fixing the drilling and blasting ship on the water surface of the blasting target area by adopting a six-cable positioning method.

4. The deepwater steep slope opening construction method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step 21 is preceded or followed by the steps of:

step 201, installing at least three main steel wire rope winches at the bottom of a drilling and blasting ship; respectively connecting the steel wire rope of each main steel wire rope winch to one adjusting and mounting end of the blasting energy-gathering bomb; and finishing the installation of all the main steel wire rope winches and the blasting energy-gathering bomb.

5. The deepwater steep slope opening construction method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the step 201 is followed by further comprising:

step 202, installing at least two auxiliary steel wire rope winches at the bottom of the drilling and blasting ship; respectively connecting the steel wire rope of each auxiliary steel wire rope winch to one resistance mounting end of the blasting energy-gathering bomb; and finishing the installation of all the auxiliary steel wire rope winches and the energy-gathered blasting ends.

6. The blasting energy-gathering bomb in the deep water steep slope opening construction method according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising:

the shell is cylindrical, a closed cavity is formed inside the shell, and the shell is filled with explosives; the bottom of the shell is inwards sunken, the surface of the sunken part is a rotating surface, and a rotating shaft of the rotating surface is superposed with the central axis of the shell or the extension line of the central axis of the shell; the shell comprises a first shell and a second shell, the first shell is detachably connected with the second shell, and a sealing structure is arranged between the first shell and the second shell;

the detonation device comprises a detonation body embedded in the explosive, two binding posts connected with the detonation body and detonation mesh wires respectively connected to the binding posts; the binding post penetrates through the top of the shell and is fixedly connected with the shell, one end of the binding post, which extends out of the shell, is connected with the detonating net wire, and one end of the binding post, which is embedded in the explosive, is connected with the detonating body;

and the mounting structure is fixed on the outer wall of the upper part of the shell and used for providing a mounting base for the lifting appliance.

7. The explosive shaped charge of claim 6, wherein the first casing is sealed at the top and open at the bottom, and the bottom extends radially to form a lower flange; the top of the second shell is open, the bottom of the second shell is sealed, and the top of the second shell extends along the radial direction to form an upper flange plate; the upper flange plate is connected with the lower flange plate through a plurality of bolt assemblies;

the seal structure includes: the sealing device comprises a first sealing groove, a second sealing groove and a sealing gasket, wherein the first sealing groove is formed in the bottom surface of the lower flange plate, the second sealing groove is formed in the top surface of the upper flange plate, and the sealing gasket is clamped between the first sealing groove and the second sealing groove; the cross section of the sealing gasket is round, square or T-shaped.

8. The explosive shaped charge of claim 7, wherein the peripheral side surface of the second casing is cylindrical;

the first shell comprises a cylindrical part and a circular truncated cone part, and the cylindrical part comprises a cylindrical side surface and a top surface for closing an opening at the top of the cylindrical side surface; the top surface is fixedly connected with the side surface of the cylinder or integrally formed;

the circular truncated cone part comprises a circular truncated cone side surface, and the top end of the circular truncated cone side surface is fixedly connected with the lower end of the cylindrical side surface or integrally formed; the lower end of the side surface of the circular truncated cone is fixedly connected with the top end of the second shell or integrally formed; the size of the top opening of the side surface of the circular truncated cone is smaller than that of the lower opening.

9. The explosive shaped charge according to claim 8, wherein the mounting structure comprises three adjustable mounting ends, each adjustable mounting end comprises a hook, each hook comprises a straight arm section, one end of each straight arm section is uniformly fixed on the circular table part of the first shell along the circumferential direction, and the other end of each straight arm section is bent downwards to form a hook part for a hanger to pass through; the hook parts of all the lifting hooks are positioned on the same plane perpendicular to the central axis of the shell.

10. The explosive shaped charge of any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the mounting structure further comprises two resistive mounting ends, each resistive mounting end comprising a hook; each lifting hook comprises a straight arm section, one end of each straight arm section is symmetrically fixed on the side wall of the second shell along the circumferential direction, and the other end of each straight arm section of each lifting hook is bent downwards to form a hook part for the lifting appliance to penetrate through; the hook parts of all the lifting hooks are positioned on the same plane perpendicular to the central axis of the shell.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater construction, in particular to a construction method for drilling a deep water steep slope and a blasting energy-gathering bomb.

Background

With the continuous development of economic construction in China, the construction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering needs to blast and demolish a considerable amount of underwater blasting targets, the underwater blasting operation usually needs engineering mechanical equipment to drill a hole on the part of an operation surface at first, then explosive is filled into the hole and blasting is carried out, when the hole is drilled, a drilling operation platform needs to be anchored, and in a steep slope (the gradient is more than 45 degrees) with exposed bedrock in a deep water area (the water depth is more than 100 meters), a sleeve or a drill rod cannot be fixed on the steep slope due to the limitation of the operation environment, and can slide downwards along the slope without pressurization, the drilling operation platform cannot be anchored, and the engineering mechanical equipment is difficult to drill on the deep water steep slope.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a construction method for opening a deep water steep slope and a blasting energy-collecting bomb, which are used for overcoming the defects that drilling operation is difficult to perform and the like in the deep water steep slope environment in the prior art, and the drilling operation of the underwater steep slope is completed by deeply penetrating the preset drilling position of the deep water steep slope through the blasting energy-collecting bomb, thereby laying a foundation for the drilling operation of engineering mechanical equipment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a deepwater steep slope opening construction method, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, performing plane and three-dimensional scanning measurement on a blasting target area to obtain the gradient of an inclined plane where a drill hole is located and the position coordinates of the drill hole;

step 2, axially enabling the blasting energy-accumulating bomb which completes the detonation network connection to be perpendicular to the inclined plane where the drill hole is located, adjusting the concave surface of the blasting energy-accumulating bomb to be located at a preset distance right above the drill hole and fixing the concave surface;

and 3, finishing the construction of the groove pit at the drilling position by using the detonation blasting energy-gathered bomb.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a blasting energy accumulating bomb for deep water steep slope opening construction, comprising:

the shell is cylindrical, a closed cavity is formed inside the shell, and the shell is filled with explosives; the bottom of the shell is inwards sunken, the surface of the sunken part is a rotating surface, and a rotating shaft of the rotating surface is superposed with the central axis of the shell or the extension line of the central axis of the shell; the shell comprises a first shell and a second shell, the first shell is detachably connected with the second shell, and a sealing structure is arranged between the first shell and the second shell;

the detonation device comprises a detonation body embedded in the explosive, two binding posts connected with the detonation body and detonation mesh wires respectively connected to the binding posts; the binding post penetrates through the top of the shell and is fixedly connected with the shell, one end of the binding post, which extends out of the shell, is connected with the detonating net wire, and one end of the binding post, which is embedded in the explosive, is connected with the detonating body;

and the mounting structure is fixed on the outer wall of the upper part of the shell and used for providing a mounting base for the lifting appliance.

According to the deepwater steep slope opening construction method and the blasting energy-collecting bomb provided by the invention, firstly, a plane scanning and three-dimensional scanning are carried out on a blasting target area through a measuring instrument, and the target, namely the inclination of the inclined plane where a drill hole is located and the position coordinate of the drill hole on the inclined plane are obtained; then, vertically fixing the blasting energy-accumulating bomb connected with the detonation network above the drill hole according to the set blasting height, adjusting a concave surface at the bottom of the blasting energy-accumulating bomb to be vertical to the inclined plane of the drill hole and located above the drill hole, wherein the vertical distance between the concave surface and the position coordinate of the drill hole is equal to the set blasting height; after the adjustment is finished, the position of the blasting energy-gathering bomb is fixed; finally, starting the exploder to explode the energy-gathered bomb, and completing construction of the groove pit through penetration of the energy-gathered bomb to the position of a drill hole; according to the scheme, the hole opening of the underwater steep slope is performed by means of the energy-gathering bomb, namely, the construction of the groove pit, and the sleeve or the drill rod is fixed on the steep slope through the groove pit, so that the anchoring of the drilling operation platform is realized, and a foundation is laid for the drilling construction of the engineering mechanical equipment on the deep water steep slope.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a deepwater steep slope opening construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic positioning diagram of a drilling and blasting ship in the deepwater steep slope opening construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a blasting shaped charge provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a left side view of fig. 3.

Reference numerals:

the explosive is characterized in that the explosive comprises 1 parts of an initiating mesh wire, 2 parts of a binding post, 3 parts of an insulating sleeve, 4 parts of a detonator chamber, 5 parts of an electronic detonator, 6 parts of an upper round table-shaped steel shell, 7 parts of a detonator leg wire, 8 parts of a steel wire rope, 9 parts of a steel hook, 10 parts of a rubber sealing ring, 11 parts of a screw, 12 parts of an upper flange plate, 13 parts of an emulsion explosive, 14 parts of a lower cylindrical steel shell and 15 parts of a segment-shaped energy gathering cover.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection, physical connection or wireless communication connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination of technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.