阅读说明：本技术 快速探测型钢轧辊v型槽底部全周向裂纹深度的测试装置及测试方法 (Testing device and testing method for rapidly detecting depth of full circumferential cracks at bottom of V-shaped groove of profile steel roller ) 是由 吴琼 张国星 瞿海霞 夏杨青 于 2019-02-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种快速探测型钢轧辊V型槽底部全周向裂纹深度的测试装置和测试方法,该装置包括一可定位于轧辊辊转轴上并可沿该轴相对转动的环座体,所述环座体具有一第一臂和一第二臂,所述第一臂上设有用于发射探测信号的第一超声波传感器,所述第二臂上设有用于接收所述第一超声波传感器所发射探测信号的第二超声波传感器；所述第一臂和第二臂的相对位置可调；所述第一超声波传感器和第二超声波传感器设置于轧辊辊肩以外的轧辊侧壁处,所述第一超声波传感器的发射位置点与所述第二超声波传感器的接收位置点距离轧辊轴线的距离相等,并且,所述发射位置点和接收位置点两点的连线与V型槽底所形成的圆在同一轧辊断面上的投影相交叉。(The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method for rapidly detecting the depth of a full circumferential crack at the bottom of a V-shaped groove of a profile steel roller, wherein the testing device comprises a ring seat body which can be positioned on a rotating shaft of the roller and can relatively rotate along the shaft, the ring seat body is provided with a first arm and a second arm, the first arm is provided with a first ultrasonic sensor for transmitting a detection signal, and the second arm is provided with a second ultrasonic sensor for receiving the detection signal transmitted by the first ultrasonic sensor; the relative positions of the first arm and the second arm are adjustable; the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor are arranged on the side wall of the roller outside the roller shoulder, the distance between the transmitting position point of the first ultrasonic sensor and the receiving position point of the second ultrasonic sensor is equal to the distance between the receiving position point of the second ultrasonic sensor and the axis of the roller, and the connecting line of the transmitting position point and the receiving position point is crossed with the projection of a circle formed by the V-shaped groove bottom on the same roller section.)

1. A testing device for rapidly detecting the depth of a full circumferential crack at the bottom of a V-shaped groove of a section steel roller is characterized by comprising a ring seat body which can be positioned on a roller shaft of the roller and can relatively rotate along the roller shaft, wherein the ring seat body is provided with a first arm and a second arm, the first arm is provided with a first ultrasonic sensor for transmitting a detection signal, and the second arm is provided with a second ultrasonic sensor for receiving the detection signal transmitted by the first ultrasonic sensor; the relative positions of the first arm and the second arm are adjustable; the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor are arranged on the side wall of the roller outside the roller shoulder, the distance between the transmitting position point of the first ultrasonic sensor and the receiving position point of the second ultrasonic sensor is equal to the distance between the receiving position point of the second ultrasonic sensor and the axis of the roller, and the connecting line of the transmitting position point and the receiving position point is crossed with the projection of a circle formed by the V-shaped groove bottom on the same roller section.

2. The test device for rapidly detecting the depth of the full circumferential crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connecting line of the two points of the transmitting position point and the receiving position point is tangent to the projection of a circle formed by the bottom of the V-shaped groove on the same roller section.

3. The test device for rapidly detecting the depth of the full circumferential crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roll as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frequency range of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor is between 1MHz and 5 MHz.

4. The test device for rapidly detecting the depth of the full circumferential crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roll as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor is longitudinal wave or transverse wave.

5. The test device for rapidly detecting the depth of the full circumferential crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roll as claimed in claim 1, wherein the emission position point is within 57mm from the edge of the side wall of the roll.

6. The apparatus for rapidly detecting the depth of the crack in the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the steel roller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width of the sound field set by the first ultrasonic sensor is larger than the estimated width of the annular cracking surface when the ultrasonic wave emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor reaches the bottom of the V-shaped groove.

7. The test device for rapidly detecting the depth of the full circumferential cracks at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ring base body is a bracket body provided with a roller capable of sliding against the roller surface of the roller; the first arm and the second arm are two rod bodies which can move along the transverse direction and the vertical direction relative to the support body.

8. The test device for rapidly detecting the depth of the full circumferential crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roller as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the transmitting position point and the receiving position point relative to the roller axis is adjustable.

9. A test method for rapidly detecting the depth of a full circumferential crack at the bottom of a V-shaped groove of a section steel roller by adopting the test device of any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) setting and adjusting the positions of the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor according to the use and wear conditions of the roller;

2) and rotating the ring seat body along the roller rotating shaft, and selecting different circumferential positions to scan.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive inspection of the quality of a V-shaped roller of a section steel roller, in particular to a testing device and a testing method for rapidly determining the depth of a full circumferential crack at the bottom of a V-shaped groove of the section steel roller.

Background

At present, when section steel and bar steel manufacturers produce bars or small square billets by using special-shaped grooved rollers, after rolling a certain amount of products, cracks can occur at the grooved positions of the section steel rollers, such as the bottoms of V-shaped grooves, if the products are not processed in time, the products can be broken and cause accidents in the production process, the appearances, the end parts, the cracks and the shapes after the cracks of the V-shaped rollers are observed, wherein the deepest cracks mostly exist at the central positions of the bottoms of the V-shaped grooves, and the deeper cracks are, the greater the damage is, some of the cracks can reach dozens of millimeters. Due to the fact that the self weight of the roller is heavy, the suitable mode is limited.

In the prior art, although the technical methods related to the crack depth detection of steel are more, the crack depth detection of the V-shaped roller of the section steel roller has certain difficulty in detecting the depth by using coloring and magnetic methods due to the limitation of the appearance, the size and the crack depth. At present, an alternating current potential method is generally adopted in the industry, but the defects that the material and depth data need to be calibrated, the detection is purely manually operated, only one position can be detected each time, the efficiency is low and the like exist, and the method has a plurality of interference factors and poor reliability.

On the other hand, as a method for detecting a surface opening crack, there are a surface acoustic wave propagation time measuring method, a crack tip end echo measuring method, and the like, which are mostly used for detecting a crack depth of a crack of a type which does not penetrate through upper and lower surfaces of a flat steel material, and when a diffraction signal is detected, a detection mode is often adopted to measure different types of cracks on both sides of the crack by a pair of ultrasonic sensors with the same parameters. When the method is applied to the surface of a V-shaped roller of a section steel roller, which is close to the bottom of a V-shaped groove and has a radian, if a similar method is adopted, the contact surface of the ultrasonic sensor needs to be processed to adapt to the cambered surface of a workpiece to be detected, so that sound waves can be transmitted into the workpiece. The depth of the cracks at the bottom of the V-shaped roller groove is not fixed, if a mode that an oblique probe with a fixed angle is used for injecting sound waves is adopted, such as an end diffraction method, the distance from the bottom of the groove is different, the radian of a detection surface is different, and trouble is caused to the manufacture of a sensor. Meanwhile, the method is not easy to use because the diffraction or reflection signals are difficult to identify under the condition of weak acoustic signals.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a testing device for rapidly measuring the depth of the full circumferential cracks at the bottom of a V-shaped groove of a section steel roller, which can not only implement depth detection on the cracks at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roller at the end part of a roller body in a mode of being more convenient for an operator to implement, but also ensure that the depth detection is not limited to a certain position point any more, can continuously complete the detection on the cracking depth of all positions of one circle at the bottom of the whole groove of the roller, realize the detection on all possible crack depths of the whole circumference of the V-shaped groove bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roller at one time and find out the most harmful cracking depth position. The method can thoroughly and effectively judge the early safety of the roller whether to be used normally, and provides a quantitative evaluation means for the accumulation of the use experience of the roller.

The technical problem to be solved can be implemented by the following technical scheme.

A testing device for rapidly detecting the depth of a full circumferential crack at the bottom of a V-shaped groove of a section steel roller comprises a ring seat body which can be positioned on a rotating shaft of the roller and can relatively rotate along the shaft, wherein the ring seat body is provided with a first arm and a second arm, the first arm is provided with a first ultrasonic sensor for transmitting a detection signal, and the second arm is provided with a second ultrasonic sensor for receiving the detection signal transmitted by the first ultrasonic sensor; the relative positions of the first arm and the second arm are adjustable; the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor are arranged on the side wall of the roller outside the roller shoulder, the distance between the transmitting position point of the first ultrasonic sensor and the receiving position point of the second ultrasonic sensor is equal to the distance between the receiving position point of the second ultrasonic sensor and the axis of the roller, and the connecting line of the transmitting position point and the receiving position point is crossed with the projection of a circle formed by the V-shaped groove bottom on the same roller section.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the connecting line of the two points of the transmitting position point and the receiving position point is tangent to the projection of a circle formed by the V-shaped groove bottom on the same roller section.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the frequency range of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor is between 1MHz and 5 MHz.

As an improvement of the present technical solution, the ultrasonic waves emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor are longitudinal waves or transverse waves.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the emission position point is within 57mm from the side wall edge of the roller.

As one preferable embodiment of the technical solution, when the ultrasonic wave emitted by the first ultrasonic sensor reaches the V-shaped groove bottom, the set sound field width is larger than the estimated width of the annular cracking surface.

As another preferred embodiment of the technical scheme, the ring seat body is a support body, and the support body is provided with a roller capable of sliding along the roller surface of the roller; the first arm and the second arm are two rod bodies which can move along the transverse direction and the vertical direction relative to the support body.

As still another preferred embodiment of this solution, the distance of the emission and reception points with respect to the roll axis is adjustable. The arrangement can ensure that the detection accuracy and pertinence are realized by adjusting the distance after the roller surface is abraded.

The invention also aims to solve the other technical problem of the testing device which is used for rapidly detecting the depth of the full circumferential crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the profile steel roller.

In order to realize the method, the invention comprises the following steps:

1) setting and adjusting the positions of the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor according to the use and wear conditions of the roller;

2) and rotating the ring seat body along the roller rotating shaft, and selecting different circumferential positions to scan.

By adopting the device and the method for rapidly measuring the depth of the full-circumferential crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the profile steel roller, the problem that the crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the profile steel roller can not be efficiently and conveniently detected on site can be solved. By the method, the depth detection of the cracking of the V-shaped roll pass bottom of the section steel roll can be implemented at the end part of the roll body, the depth detection can be not limited to the result of a certain position point any more, and the detection of the cracking depth of all positions of one circle of the whole groove bottom of the roll can be completed continuously under the condition that the V-shaped roll does not need to be moved in a production field more conveniently, so that the detection of all possible cracking depths of the whole circumference of the V-shaped roll bottom of the section steel roll can be realized at one time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of functional positions in the method for rapidly determining the depth of a full-circumferential crack at the bottom of a V-shaped groove of a section steel roller according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a functional position section projection distribution diagram in the method for rapidly determining the depth of the full-circumferential crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the profile steel roll; wherein, the left side figure is a V1 hole type side view, and the right side figure is a projection view of the detection area on the roller section;

FIG. 3 is a structural view of one embodiment of a mechanical ring seat and a frame body of the test device of the present invention with respect to one direction of a section steel roll;

FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view in another direction of FIG. 3;

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2, the V-groove crack (crack 11) on the V-roll is generally located at the bottom of the V-groove 10, and although there are other types of groove bottom cracks, such as a circular bottom crack, for the V-roll, the absolute depth of the circular groove is not large and is much smaller than the V-groove depth, so it is easier to detect. The V-groove with the largest depth has a large depth (in this embodiment, the depth of the V-groove 10 is 113mm, which is much greater than the depths of the two other circular bottoms 20 and 30 with 79mm and 56mm, respectively), which means that if ultrasonic waves are used to emit sound waves from the bottoms of the shallower circular grooves 20 and 30 to be incident on the fracture surfaces of the bottom of the V-groove 10, it is difficult to receive the reflected signals. And because the roll body side wall also has the roll shoulder 40, the detection is also hindered (in the embodiment, the height H of the side wall edge left by the roll shoulder is only 57mm), and the detection is difficult to be implemented by the conventional detection through a round hole.

In the initial stage of cracking, the cracking of the V-shaped groove on the V-shaped roller is mostly developed along the depth direction of the vertical section of the roller body, and in consideration of the difficulty of the conventional detection, the technical scheme adopts a method for quickly determining the full circumferential crack depth of the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roller according to the overall appearance and the size condition of one end of the working side of the V-shaped roller of the section steel roller.

The front ends of the pair of robot arms 110 and 120 are used for fixing ultrasonic sensors 111 and 121 for detecting the depth, one is used for fixing an ultrasonic sensor 111 for transmitting a detection signal, and the other is used for fixing an ultrasonic sensor 121 for receiving a detection signal, so that the ultrasonic sensors on the pair of robot arms can cooperate under the conditions of a preset distance and a preset direction which can detect the crack depth by adjusting the relative position and the distance between the two ultrasonic sensors 111 and 121 on the robot arms.

In fig. 1, the relative positions of a circumferential scanning mechanical ring seat 100 mounted on the roll near the V-hole side roll shoulder 40, a mechanical arm 110 on the ring seat, and an ultrasonic sensor 111 mounted on the mechanical arm in the method, and the projected positions of signal transmitting and receiving points on the roll section where depth detection is performed on the side wall edge are shown. The crack depth measurement uses two ultrasonic sensors, one for transmission and the other for reception, and the circular area in fig. 1 is marked H, which illustrates a side view of the working position within the annular area where the incidence point and the reception point of the ultrasonic sensor detection depth are located.

By adjusting the relative position and the distance between the ultrasonic sensors on the mechanical arm, the ultrasonic sensors on the mechanical arm can work in a matched manner under the conditions of preset distance and direction which can detect the cracking depth. The adjustment only involves the corresponding change of the absolute position of the sensor in the detection depth work only after the roll is repaired and the external dimension of the roll is changed (the pass dimension is not changed all the time, and the diameter dimension of the roll is reduced after the repair).

In the method, two ultrasonic sensors are adopted for detecting the depth of the crack at the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the profile steel roller, one ultrasonic sensor is used as a transmitting sensor for transmitting ultrasonic waves into the roller and reacting with the cracked section at the bottom of the V-shaped groove, and the other ultrasonic sensor is used as a receiving sensor for receiving ultrasonic signals reflected by the cracked section of the transmitting sensor. The emission point and the reception point are located at the annular edge of the roll side wall (i.e., the position of the belt 60 of the roll side wall where the incidence point and the reception point are detected in the figure, and the circle 61 is the inner edge of the belt where the detection point is located), which is an annular region having a width of 57mm naturally left on the roll side wall after the installation region of the roll shoulder 40 is removed (i.e., an annular band formed by the region H in the figure). The detection emitting/receiving point of the method is positioned in the annular area, and in the detection process, the distance between the two points and the axis of the roller is required to be the same, namely the detection point and the incidence point are positioned in the range of 57mm from the edge of the side wall of the roller and on the same circular arc concentric with the side circle.

In fig. 2, a projected position distribution diagram of a circumferential scanning mechanical ring seat 100 installed on the roll shoulder on the side close to the V-shaped hole pattern, the relative positions of the mechanical arms 110 and 120 on the ring seat, the ultrasonic sensors 111 and 121 installed on the mechanical arms 110 and 120, the crack surface (crack 11), and the signal transmission and reception points for performing depth detection on the sidewall edge on a cross section perpendicular to the roll is shown.

As can be seen, since the cracks 11 of the V-groove bottom 10 are generally cracks around the roll body which develop inwards in the direction perpendicular to the roll body, the projection of the cracked section on the roll section can be assumed to be a circular ring concentric with the projection of the roll body, and the circular ring (see the cracked ring 50 in the figure) is a crack reflecting surface which can reflect the incident ultrasonic waves when detecting the depth. The positions of the sensor incidence point a and the receiving point B for detecting the depth are marked in fig. 2, the distances (AO and BO) between the two points are the same from the roll axis, the two points are on the same arc concentric with the side circle within 57mm from the edge of the roll side wall, and on the section projection distribution diagram, the connecting line of the two points is basically tangent to the arc of the crack reflection surface (because the crack has a certain depth, the sound beam axis needs to be a certain distance to the center for better detection effect), as shown in the figure, since the incidence point a and the receiving point B are on the roll side wall from the side view analysis, and the crack section is in the crack section plane parallel to the side wall (in the embodiment, the distance is 255mm), if the tangent point T on the section circle ring is the position where the sound beam incident into the roll from the incidence point a intersects with the crack section, then the sound wave signal after interacting with the crack section can be received at the receiving point B on the roll side wall, since the design width of the acoustic signal is larger than the expected cracking depth, the strength of the acoustic signal is directly influenced by the size of the cracking area and the area acted by the acoustic beam, and the size of the area is only influenced by the cracking depth under the condition that the distribution of an incident sound field is stable.

After the depth of the bottom position T of the V-shaped groove of the section steel roller is detected, the two mechanical arms 110 and 120 (the relative position between the two mechanical arms is unchanged) fixed on the ring seat 100 in a rotating mode are a pair of depth detection ultrasonic sensors 111 and 121 fixed on the pair of mechanical arms in a rotating mode, and therefore cracking depth detection of all position points of the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the roller can be achieved continuously.

In the technical scheme, the adopted ultrasonic frequency range is between 1MHz and 5MHz, the sound waves which act with the annular cracking section at the bottom of the V-shaped groove can adopt longitudinal waves and transverse waves, and the width of a sound field when the ultrasonic sensor reaches the bottom of the V-shaped groove is designed to be larger than the width of an actual annular cracking surface.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in one implementation of the testing apparatus, the frame body 200 can be concentrically rotated with respect to the roll 70 by a plurality of casters 210, and a corresponding set of ultrasonic sensors is disposed on two mechanical arms 220 and 230 disposed outside the roll shoulder along the circumferential direction at the roll sidewall 71 for transmitting and receiving related signals. The linkage between the mechanical arms 220 and 230 and the frame body 200 is maintained, and the requirement that the distances between the transmitting points and the receiving points of the two sensors are equal to the axial center distance of the roller is met by adjusting the distance between the mechanical arms 220 and 230. Further, the detection and test task of the crack depth is realized according to the previous thought.

The method in the technical scheme can realize rotary continuous detection by relating to a detection position point, and can realize the crack depth detection of different grinding depths only by properly adjusting the two detection sensors to the center of the roll body in parallel and with unchanged relative positions along with the reduction of the diameter of the roll body after the roll is ground. The ultrasonic continuous variable angle incidence method for measuring the crack depth of the V-shaped roller adopts a method of detecting diffraction signals to determine the position of the end part of the crack and further determine the crack depth.

The method is suitable for in-situ crack depth detection in a field, wherein the V-shaped groove is positioned at the position of the roller body close to the driving side.