阅读说明：本技术 一种有机废弃物资源的农业面源污染的评估方法和应用 (Assessment method and application of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources ) 是由 任忠秀 于家伊 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种有机废弃物资源的农业面源污染的评估方法和应用,该评估方法能够系统性评估有机废弃物资源的农业面源污染风险,进而应用在防治农业面源污染的区域中,通过对农业有机废弃物有机养分总量盘点,资源转化后科学对标到退化土壤地力提升的本质需求中,实现区域有机养分与土地承载力的精准匹配从而科学减少农田化肥的区域养分综合管理目的；进而有针对性地解决农业有机废弃物中的大量养分资源作为废弃物被丢弃而造成资源浪费问题,改善由于有机废弃物随意丢弃而造成的环境污染现状,进一步引导区域农业有机废弃物资源化循环利用产业链与价值链提升,实现生产清洁化、利用安全化、水土共治、农业可持续发展的目的。(The invention provides an assessment method and application of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources, wherein the assessment method can systematically assess the agricultural non-point source pollution risk of the organic waste resources, and further is applied to an area for preventing and treating the agricultural non-point source pollution; and the problem of resource waste caused by discarding a large amount of nutrient resources in the agricultural organic wastes as wastes is pertinently solved, the current situation of environmental pollution caused by random discarding of the organic wastes is improved, the improvement of an industrial chain and a value chain for resource recycling of the agricultural organic wastes in a region is further guided, and the aims of clean production, safe utilization, water and soil co-treatment and agricultural sustainable development are fulfilled.)

1. An assessment method of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources comprises the following steps:

a) after the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated is counted, calculating by adopting a formula (I) and a formula (II) to obtain the agricultural non-point source pollution amount generated by the organic waste resources;

in the formulae (I) to (II), P_iThe total annual excrement and sewage quantity, w, of certain types of livestock and poultry existing in the region_iActual water content of certain organic waste present in the area, A (N)_iIs a standard value of organic nitrogen content of certain organic waste, A (P)_iThe standard value of the organic phosphorus content of certain organic wastes.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic waste resources of step a) comprise farmed manure and plantation straw.

3. The assessment method according to claim 2, wherein the total amount of fecal sewage in the aquaculture industry in step a) is calculated by using the following formula:

in the formula (III), N_iThe number p of certain types of livestock and poultry breeding in the region counted for investigation_iThe standard value, w, of the annual excrement yield of a certain type of livestock and poultry_iThe standard value of the water content of the excrement and the sewage of certain livestock and poultry is obtained;

the total amount checking method of the straws in the planting industry adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (IV), Q_iThe total annual straw yield of a certain type of crop existing in the region, M_iArea of certain crop plants present in the area counted for investigation, n_iNumber of stubbles for certain types of crops in the area counted for investigation, y_iLambda is the unit yield per mu of a certain type of crops existing in the area counted for investigation_iIs a standard value of the grass-grain ratio of certain crops.

4. The evaluation method according to claim 3, wherein the method for counting the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource in step a) adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (V), G_(OW-N)The total organic nitrogen of the organic waste resources generated in the region in years;

in the formula (VI), G_(OW-P)The total organic phosphorus content of organic waste resources generated in the region year;

in the formula (VII), G_(OW-K)Total organic potassium content of organic waste resources produced in the region of years, A (K)_iThe standard value of the organic potassium content of certain organic wastes.

5. The method for evaluating agricultural non-point source pollution of the organic waste resource as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is applied to agricultural non-point source pollution control in a water and soil co-treatment area.

6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

carrying out compost resource conversion on the organic waste which finishes the agricultural non-point source pollution amount evaluation of the organic waste resource, and calculating the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource product;

after the total amount of chemical nutrients of the farmland fertilizer in the area to be evaluated is checked, comprehensively managing the nutrients in the area to be evaluated through the established relation between the farmland quality of the area and the returning amount of the organic waste resource products, and realizing the prevention and treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution in the water and soil co-treatment area;

the comprehensive nutrient management process specifically comprises the following steps:

calculating the maximum proportion of organic waste resource products and organic nutrients in the area to be evaluated to replace chemical nutrients of fertilizers used in farmlands by a regional nutrient comprehensive management evaluation method, and replacing the fertilizers used in the farmlands with the organic waste resource products according to the calculated result;

the regional nutrient comprehensive management and evaluation method adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (VIII), R_NThe proportion of organic nitrogen in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical nitrogen in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-N)Total organic nitrogen content, G, as a resource product of organic waste in the area to be evaluated_(CF-N)The total chemical nitrogen content of the fertilizer used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

in the formula (IX), R_PThe proportion of organic phosphorus in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical nitrogen in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-P)Total amount of organic phosphorus as resource product of organic waste in area to be evaluated, G_(CF-P)The total chemical phosphorus content of the fertilizer used by the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

in the formula (X), R_KThe proportion of organic potassium in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical potassium in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-K)Total weight of organic potassium as a resource product of organic waste in the area to be evaluated, G_(CF-K)The total amount of chemical potash used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

K＝min(R_N，R_P，R_K) Formula (XI);

in the formula (XI), K is the maximum proportion of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated to replace chemical nutrients of fertilizers used in farmlands.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that the mode of resource conversion is composting fermentation; the process of compost fermentation specifically comprises the following steps:

a1) determining a fermentation formula according to the counting result of the total amount of the organic nutrients of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated and a formula principle, and scientifically verifying the fermentation formula;

a2) fermenting by adopting the fermentation formula determined in the step a1), and controlling the oxygen introduction amount of the materials in the fermentation process to obtain the organic waste resource product.

8. The application of the organic waste resources as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method for accounting the total amount of the organic nutrients in the organic waste resources adopts the following calculation formula:

total ton of organic waste resource product 0.55 ∑ Y_iFormula (XII);

in the formula (XII), Y_iThe total amount of certain organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XIII), W is an estimated value of the initial water content of the organic waste mixed fermentation material for resource conversion in the area;

in the formula (XIV), G_(OF-N)Total organic nitrogen, G, as a product of the recycling of organic waste in a region_(OFM-N)The total organic nitrogen content of the organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XV), G_(OF-P)Total amount of organic phosphorus, G, as a resource product of organic waste in a region_(OFM-P)The total organic phosphorus content of organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XVI), G_(OF-K)Total amount of organic potassium, G, as a resource product of organic waste in a region_(OFM-K)The total amount of organic potassium of organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XVII), G_(OF-C)Total organic carbon content, G, as a product of the conversion of organic waste into useful resources_(OFM-C)The total organic carbon content of the organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region.

9. The use of claim 6, wherein the chemical nutrient total amount of the fertilizer used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated is calculated by the following formula:

in the formula (XVIII), M_iIs the planting area of a certain crop in the area, X_iAnnual acre of fertilizer for a certain crop in an area, f (N)_iThe standard value of the proportion of the nitrogen demand of certain crops in the region to the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demand is determined;

in the formula (XIX), f (P)₂O₅)_iThe standard value of the proportion of the phosphorus demand of certain crops in the region to the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demand is determined;

in formula (XX), f (K)₂O)_iThe standard value of the proportion of the potassium demand of certain crops in the region to the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demands is determined.

10. The application of claim 6, wherein the relationship between the regional farmland quality and the organic waste resource product returning amount specifically comprises:

when the content of organic matters in the soil is less than or equal to 2%, returning the organic waste resource products to the field is 3-5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 2% -3.5%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 1.5-3 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 3.5% -5%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0.5-1.5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 5-7%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0.2-0.5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is more than or equal to 7%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0-0.2 t/mu.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment treatment, in particular to an assessment method and application of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources.

Background

With the rapid development of the agricultural production level and the continuous improvement of the national living standard in China, the types and the quantity of agricultural organic wastes generated in rural areas as the main gathering areas for grain production and meat and milk cultivation are increased sharply, and the reports are that: the straw and livestock manure in the waste generated in agricultural production have the largest ratio, are two main sources of non-point source pollution in rural areas, and account for more than 70 percent of the total non-point source pollution in rural areas. The latest data statistics shows that the amount of straws generated in rural areas is nearly 9 hundred million tons every year, and the comprehensive utilization rate is less than 80 percent; the livestock and poultry manure pollution amount is about 38 hundred million tons, and the comprehensive utilization rate is less than 60 percent. This not only brings great pressure to the ecological environment, but also severely restricts the sustainable development of rural economy in China.

The rural organic waste resources are an organic nutrient resource library which cannot be underestimated, and the total amount of organic nutrients of rural organic wastes generated in China every year is estimated to be 8-10 hundred million tons, which is 1.3-1.5 times of the nutrients of chemical fertilizers. However, the establishment of a systematic and effective platform mechanism for resource utilization of organic wastes, such as a scientific and technological system, a management means, benefit pulling and the like, is very weak in the current country, for example, the treatment level of the organic wastes is low, the comprehensive evaluation attention to the safety risk is insufficient, and the resources are wasted while great pressure is brought to the ecological environment; therefore, how to systematically evaluate organic waste resources from the perspective of agricultural non-point source pollution can control the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution caused by unreasonable utilization of agricultural organic waste from the source, and further improve agricultural economic benefits, which is a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical staff in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an assessment method and an application of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources, which can systematically assess agricultural non-point source pollution generated by organic waste resources, further specifically solve the problem of resource waste caused by discarding a large amount of nutrient resources in agricultural organic waste as waste, improve the current situation of environmental pollution caused by random discarding of organic waste, further guide the promotion of the resource recycling industrial chain and value chain of regional agricultural organic waste, and achieve the purposes of clean production, safe utilization, water and soil co-treatment, and sustainable agricultural development.

The invention provides an assessment method of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources, which comprises the following steps:

a) after the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated is counted, calculating by adopting a formula (I) and a formula (II) to obtain the agricultural non-point source pollution amount generated by the organic waste resources;

in the formulae (I) to (II), P_iThe total annual excrement and sewage quantity, w, of certain types of livestock and poultry existing in the region_iActual water content of certain organic waste present in the area, A (N)_iIs a standard value of organic nitrogen content of certain organic waste, A (P)_iThe standard value of the organic phosphorus content of certain organic wastes.

Preferably, the organic waste resources in step a) include manure from breeding industry and straws from planting industry.

Preferably, the total amount of the manure in the breeding industry in the step a) is counted by adopting the following calculation formula:

in the formula (III), N_iThe number p of certain types of livestock and poultry breeding in the region counted for investigation_iThe standard value, w, of the annual excrement yield of a certain type of livestock and poultry_iThe standard value of the water content of the excrement and the sewage of certain livestock and poultry is obtained;

the total amount checking method of the straws in the planting industry adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (IV), Q_iThe total annual straw yield of a certain type of crop existing in the region, M_iArea of certain crop plants present in the area counted for investigation, n_iNumber of stubbles for certain types of crops in the area counted for investigation, y_iThe area counted for investigation has a certain type of crops per mu yield，λ_iIs a standard value of the grass-grain ratio of certain crops.

Preferably, the method for counting the total nutrient amount of the organic waste resource in the step a) adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (V), G_(OW-N)The total organic nitrogen of the organic waste resources generated in the region in years;

in the formula (VI), G_(OW-P)The total organic phosphorus content of organic waste resources generated in the region year;

in the formula (VII), G_(OW-K)Total organic potassium content of organic waste resources produced in the region for years, A (K)_iThe standard value of the organic potassium content of certain organic wastes.

The invention also provides an assessment method for agricultural non-point source pollution of the organic waste resources, which is applied to prevention and treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution in water and soil co-treatment areas.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

carrying out compost resource conversion on the organic waste subjected to agricultural non-point source pollution amount evaluation generated by the organic waste resource, and calculating the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource product;

after the total amount of chemical nutrients of fertilizers used by farmlands in the area to be evaluated is checked, comprehensively managing the nutrients in the area to be evaluated according to the established relation between the quality of the cultivated land in the area and the returning amount of the organic waste resource products, and realizing the prevention and treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution in the water and soil co-treatment area;

the comprehensive nutrient management process specifically comprises the following steps:

calculating the maximum proportion of organic waste resource products and organic nutrients in the area to be evaluated to replace chemical nutrients of fertilizers used in farmlands by a regional nutrient comprehensive management evaluation method, and replacing the fertilizers used in the farmlands with the organic waste resource products according to the calculated result;

the regional nutrient comprehensive management and evaluation method adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (VIII), R_NThe proportion of organic nitrogen in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical nitrogen in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-N)Total organic nitrogen content, G, as a resource product of organic waste in the area to be evaluated_(CF-N)The total chemical nitrogen content of the fertilizer used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

in the formula (IX), R_PThe proportion of organic phosphorus in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical nitrogen in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-P)Total amount of organic phosphorus as resource product of organic waste in area to be evaluated, G_(CF-P)The total chemical phosphorus content of the fertilizer used by the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

in the formula (X), R_KThe proportion of organic potassium in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical potassium in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-K)The total amount of organic potassium, which is a resource product of organic waste in an area to be evaluated, G_(CF-K)The total amount of organic potassium of the fertilizer used by the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

K＝min(R_N，R_P，R_K) Formula (XI);

in the formula (XI), K is the maximum proportion of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated to replace chemical nutrients of fertilizers used in farmlands.

Preferably, the resource transformation mode is compost fermentation; the process of compost fermentation specifically comprises the following steps:

a1) determining a fermentation formula according to the counting result of the total nutrient amount of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated and a formula principle, and scientifically verifying the fermentation formula;

a2) fermenting by adopting the fermentation formula determined in the step a1), and controlling the oxygen introduction amount of the materials in the fermentation process to obtain the organic waste resource product.

Preferably, the method for accounting the total nutrient content of the organic waste resource products adopts the following calculation formula:

total ton of organic waste resource product 0.55 ∑ Y_iFormula (XII);

in the formula (XII), Y_iIs a certain organic waste weight for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XIII), W is an estimated value of the initial water content of the organic waste mixed fermentation material for resource conversion in the area;

in the formula (XIV), G_(OF-N)Total organic nitrogen, G, as a product of the recycling of organic waste in a region_(OFM-N)The total organic nitrogen content of the organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XV), G_(OF-P)Total amount of organic phosphorus, G, as a resource product of organic waste in a region_(OFM-P)The total organic phosphorus content of organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XVI), G_(OF-K)Total amount of organic potassium, G, as a resource product of organic waste in a region_(OFM-K)The total amount of organic potassium of organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XVII), G_(OF-C)Total organic carbon content, G, as a resource product of organic waste in a region_(OFM-C)The total organic carbon content of the organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region.

Preferably, the method for checking the total chemical nutrients of the fertilizers used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (XVIII), M_iIs the whole planting area of a certain crop in the region, X_iAnnual acre of fertilizer for a certain crop in an area, f (N)_iThe standard value of the proportion of the nitrogen demand of certain crops in the region to the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demand is determined;

in the formula (XIX), f (P)₂O₅)_iThe standard value of the proportion of the phosphorus demand of certain crops in the region to the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demand is determined;

in formula (XX), f (K)₂O)_iIs a kind of in-zoneThe potassium demand of crops accounts for the standard value of the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demand ratio.

Preferably, the relationship between the regional cultivated land quality and the organic waste resource product returning amount specifically comprises the following steps:

when the content of organic matters in the soil is less than or equal to 2%, returning the organic waste resource products to the field is 3-5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 2% -3.5%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 1.5-3 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 3.5% -5%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0.5-1.5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 5-7%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0.2-0.5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is more than or equal to 7%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0-0.2 t/mu.

The invention provides an assessment method and application of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources, wherein the assessment method can systematically assess the agricultural non-point source pollution generated by the organic waste resources, and further is applied to the prevention and treatment of regional agricultural non-point source pollution; the problem of resource waste caused by discarding a large amount of nutrient resources in agricultural organic wastes as wastes is solved in a targeted manner, the current situation of environmental pollution caused by random discarding of the organic wastes is improved, the resource recycling industrial chain and the value chain of regional agricultural organic wastes are further guided to be promoted, the purposes of clean production, safe utilization and water and soil co-treatment are realized, and the method has extremely important significance for agricultural and rural sustainable development in China. Experimental results show that the method for evaluating agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources and the application have the advantages of multiple technical effects of soil improvement, crop yield increase, quality improvement, water quality improvement and the like, and have important significance for agricultural non-point source pollution control and ecological environment treatment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a logic diagram of water and soil co-remediation in an area to be assessed.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides an assessment method of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources, which comprises the following steps:

a) after the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated is counted, calculating by adopting a formula (I) and a formula (II) to obtain the agricultural non-point source pollution amount of the organic waste resources;

in the formulae (I) to (II), P_iThe total annual excrement and sewage quantity, w, of certain types of livestock and poultry existing in the region_iActual water content of certain organic waste present in the area, A (N)_iIs a standard value of organic nitrogen content of certain organic waste, A (P)_iThe standard value of the organic phosphorus content of certain organic wastes.

The method comprises the step of counting the total organic nutrients of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated. In the invention, the range of the area to be evaluated is preferably determined according to a regional administrative management unit, the minimum regional range is a village level unit, and the maximum regional range is a county/district level unit; in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the showter city is used as the area to be evaluated.

In the present invention, the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated included in the inventory range need to have the following characteristics: (1) the source is stable for a long time; (2) the price is low and the product is easy to get; (3) the distance does not exceed 50km (in special cases, the distance can be extended to 100 km). In the present invention, the organic waste resources preferably include manure in the breeding industry and straws in the planting industry; wherein, the key parameter lookup table of the common breeding types and the feces and sewage production amount is shown in the table 1.

TABLE 1 Key parameter lookup table for common breeding types and feces and sewage production quantities

In the invention, the total amount of the manure in the breeding industry is preferably counted by adopting the following calculation formula:

in the formula (III), P_iThe total annual excrement and sewage yield (unit: t/year) of certain types of livestock and poultry existing in the region, N_iThe number (unit: only) of certain livestock and poultry breeding existing in the region counted for investigation_iThe standard value (unit: t/year) of the annual fecal output of a single livestock and poultry of a certain class, w_iIs a standard value (unit:%) of the water content of the feces of certain livestock and poultry, w_iThe actual water content (unit:%) of certain organic wastes (livestock and poultry manure) existing in the region; in addition, the above standard values are all obtained by referring to table 1; i is the livestock and poultry type number in table 1, i is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

In the present invention, high and nutrient rich straw is defined at levels 10% and 20% above average, and the straw is classified as follows: the nitrogen-rich straws comprise potato straws, peanut straws and soybean straws; the high-nitrogen straw can be tobacco, cotton, small coarse cereals and sweet potato straw; the phosphorus-rich straw comprises beet, potato, soybean and peanut straw; the high-phosphorus straw comprises corn, rice and cotton straw; the potassium-rich straws are beet, potato, rape, rice and sunflower straws; the high-potassium straws comprise small coarse cereals and tobacco straws; wherein the potato straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the soybean straws and the peanut straws are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, and the beet straws and the tobacco straws are rich in phosphorus and potassium; the key parameter lookup table for checking the types of the common planted crops and the straw production is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 common planted crop type and straw yield checking key parameter lookup table

Remarking: the grass-to-valley ratio, i.e. the amount of crop straw/crop yield (calculated as the straw water content 15%), was calculated from the average across the country.

In the invention, the total amount checking method of the straws in the planting industry preferably adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (IV), Q_iThe total annual straw yield (unit: t/year) of a certain crop in the region, M_iThe planting area (unit: mu) of certain crops existing in the area counted for investigation, n_iNumber of stubbles for certain types of crops in the area counted for investigation, y_iThe per mu yield (unit: kg/mu) of certain crops existing in the area counted for investigation is lambda_iIs a standard value of the grass-grain ratio of certain crops, w_iThe actual water content (unit:%) of certain organic wastes (crop straws) existing in the region; in addition, the standard values are obtained by looking up the table 2; 85% of the dry matter of the straws; i is the crop type number in table 2, i 11, 12, 13.

On the basis, the method for counting the total organic nutrients of the organic waste resources preferably adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (V), G_(OW-N)Total organic nitrogen amount (unit: t/year) of organic waste resources produced in a region year, A (N)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the organic nitrogen content of certain organic wastes;

in the formula (VI), G_(OW-P)Total organic phosphorus content of organic waste resources produced in a regional year (unit: t/year), A (P)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the organic phosphorus content of certain organic wastes;

in the formula (VII), G_(OW-K)Total organic potassium content of organic waste resources produced in a regional year (unit: t/year), A (K)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the organic potassium content of certain organic wastes;

in addition, the standard values are obtained through a look-up table 1-2; i is the type number n in tables 1-2, i 1, 2, 3.

After the counting of the total organic nutrient amount of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated is completed, calculating by adopting a formula (I) and a formula (II) to obtain the agricultural non-point source pollution amount of the organic waste resources;

in the formulas (I) to (II), the unit of the water nitrogen pollution amount lost by the livestock and poultry manure and the water phosphorus pollution amount lost by the livestock and poultry manure is t/year; 5% is according to the results of the study by the national State general environmental administration Nanjing Ring Classification (1997): the loss rate of fresh excrement pollutants into a water body is 2-8%, and the average loss rate is 5%; p_iThe total annual fecal sewage (unit: t/year) of certain livestock and poultry existing in the region, w_iThe actual water content (unit:%) of certain organic wastes (livestock and poultry manure) existing in the region; a (N)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the organic nitrogen content of certain organic wastes; a (P)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the organic phosphorus content of certain organic wastes; in addition, the above standard values are all obtained by referring to table 1; i is the livestock and poultry type number in table 1, i is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

The invention provides an assessment method for agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources, which can systematically assess the agricultural non-point source pollution of the organic waste resources and further be applied to a water-soil co-treatment area for preventing and treating the agricultural non-point source pollution. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a logic diagram of water and soil co-remediation in an area to be evaluated.

The invention also provides application of the method for evaluating agricultural non-point source pollution of the organic waste resources in the technical scheme in preventing and treating regional agricultural non-point source pollution, and the method preferably comprises the following steps:

carrying out compost resource conversion on the organic waste which finishes the agricultural non-point source pollution amount evaluation of the organic waste resource, and calculating the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource product;

after the total amount of chemical nutrients of fertilizers used by farmlands in the area to be evaluated is checked, comprehensively managing the nutrients in the area to be evaluated according to the established relation between the quality of the cultivated land in the area and the returning amount of the organic waste resource products, and realizing the prevention and treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution in the water and soil co-treatment area;

the comprehensive nutrient management process specifically comprises the following steps:

calculating the maximum proportion of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated to replace organic nutrients of fertilizers used by the farmland through a regional nutrient comprehensive management evaluation method, and replacing the fertilizers used by the farmland with the organic waste resource products according to the calculated result;

the regional nutrient comprehensive management and evaluation method adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (VIII), R_NThe proportion of organic nitrogen in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical nitrogen in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-N)Total organic nitrogen content, G, as a resource product of organic waste in the area to be evaluated_(CF-N)The total chemical nitrogen content of the fertilizer used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

in the formula (IX), R_PThe proportion of organic phosphorus in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical nitrogen in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-P)Total amount of organic phosphorus as resource product of organic waste in area to be evaluated, G_(CF-P)The total chemical phosphorus content of the fertilizer used by the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

in the formula (X), R_KThe proportion of organic potassium in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical potassium in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-K)The total amount of organic potassium, which is a resource product of organic waste in an area to be evaluated, G_(CF-K)The total amount of chemical potassium of the fertilizer used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated;

K＝min(R_N，R_P，R_K) Formula (XI);

in the formula (XI), K is the maximum proportion of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated to replace chemical nutrients of fertilizers used in farmlands.

The method firstly carries out resource conversion on the organic waste resource generating agricultural non-point source pollution and calculates the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource product. In the invention, the resource transformation mode is preferably compost fermentation, and the mode can realize rapid resource transformation. For compost fermentation, the key factors affecting fermentation quality depend on the effective control of 4 key parameters in the fermentation process, namely: the proper range of the initial C/N ratio of the mixed fermentation material needs to be controlled to be (20-30): 1. the water content is 50-60%, the pH is 5.5-8.5, and the oxygen concentration of the pile body is 15-20%; in order to meet the requirements of the fermentation parameters and improve the accuracy and the utilization efficiency, the optimization of the composting fermentation process is as follows:

a1) determining a fermentation formula according to the counting result of the total amount of the organic nutrients of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated and a formula principle, and scientifically verifying the fermentation formula;

a2) fermenting by adopting the fermentation formula determined in the step a1), and controlling the oxygen introduction amount of the materials in the fermentation process to obtain organic waste resource products (compost).

The method comprises the steps of firstly determining a fermentation formula according to the counting result of the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated and a formula principle, and scientifically verifying the fermentation formula. In the invention, the counting result of the total amount of the organic nutrients of the organic waste resources in the area to be evaluated refers to the above content, and is not described herein again; the formulation principle preferably comprises: (1) the single use of excrement or straw for fermentation is avoided; mixing and fermenting livestock and poultry manure organic wastes (C/N is generally below 18, water content is generally between 50% and 80%, pH is generally between 7 and 9) with low carbon-nitrogen ratio, high water content and alkaline/weak alkalinity, and combining the livestock and poultry manure organic wastes with high C/N ratio, low water content and neutral and weak acidity (C/N is generally above 55, water content is generally below 30%, and pH is generally between 5 and 7); (2) the resource treatment of the organic waste should make the best use of the livestock and poultry manure organic waste; (3) four key indexes affecting fermentation quality need to be met: the initial C/N ratio of the mixed fermentation material is (20-30): 1. the water content is 50-60%, the pH is 5.5-8.5, and the oxygen concentration of the material in the fermentation process is 15-20%.

In the invention, the method for scientifically verifying the fermentation formula preferably comprises the following steps:

(1) C/N suitable range verification:

G_(OFM-N)＝∑Y_i×A(N)_i×(1-w_i)；

G_(OFM-P)＝∑Y_i×A(P)_i×(1-w_i)；

G_(OFM-K)＝∑Y_i×A(K)_i×(1-w_i)；

G_(OFM-C)＝∑Y_i×A(C)_i×(1-w_i)；

in the above formula, G_(OFM-N)The total organic nitrogen content of organic wastes used as compost in a region (unit: t/year); g_(OFM-P)The total organic phosphorus content of organic wastes used as compost in a region (unit: t/year); g_(OFM-K)The total organic potassium content of organic wastes used as compost in a region (unit: t/year); g_(OFM-C)The total organic carbon content of organic wastes used as compost in a region (unit: t/year); y is_iThe total amount of certain organic waste used as compost in the area (unit: t/year); w is a_iThe actual water content (unit:%) of a certain organic waste used as compost in a region; a (C)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the organic carbon content of certain organic wastes used as compost in a region is obtained by inquiring tables 1-2;

(2) and (3) verifying the proper range of the water content:

the judgment can be judged by the experience and the feeling of grasping the material by hands, and the judgment is as shown in the table 3.

TABLE 3 sensory evaluation of fermentation feedstock moisture content criteria

Range of water content	State of material
		>80％	The materials are held by hands to form a mass which can be dropped into water and can not be scattered when falling to the ground
60-80％	The materials are held by hands to form a mass which can drip water and can be scattered when falling to the ground
		40-60％	The materials are held in hands to form a mass, the watermarks can be seen in the palms but do not drip, and the materials are scattered when falling to the ground
<40％	The materials do not form a cluster when being held by hands, and the hands show a little watermark and fall to the ground to be scattered

Verifying by adopting a simple calculation formula:

in the above formula, W is an estimated value (unit:%) of initial water content of compost fermentation mixture, and Y is_iWeight of certain organic waste (unit: t/year), w, for use as compost fermentation_iThe measured water content (unit:%) of an organic waste used for composting fermentation was determined.

(3) And (3) verifying the proper pH range:

and a portable pH quick detector is adopted.

After the verification is finished, the fermentation formula determined in the step a1) is adopted for fermentation, and the oxygen introduction amount of the materials in the fermentation process is controlled to obtain the organic waste resource conversion product (compost). In the invention, the preferable method for controlling the oxygen flux of the material in the fermentation process is as follows:

by turning over the heap according to ambient temperature, the principle of turning over the heap needs to do: turning the pile on days 3, 6, 9 and 12 when the environment is proper (above 10 ℃), and finishing on day 15 (or continuing turning the pile on day 15 and finishing on day 18); turning over the pile on days 4, 7, 11 and 15 when the ambient temperature is too low (below 10 ℃), and finishing on day 18.

After the organic waste resource product is obtained, the total amount of organic nutrients of the organic waste resource product is calculated; the accounting method of the total organic nutrient content of the organic waste resource product preferably adopts the following calculation formula:

total ton of organic waste resource product 0.55 ∑ Y_iFormula (XII);

in the formula (XII), Y_iThe total amount of certain organic wastes (unit: t/year) used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XIII), W is an estimated value (unit:%) of the initial water content of the organic waste mixed material for resource conversion in the area;

in the formula (XIV), G_(OF-N)The total organic nitrogen (unit: t/year), G, of the organic waste resource product in the region_(OFM-N)The total organic nitrogen content (unit: t/year) of organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region;

in the formula (XV), G_(OF-P)Total organic phosphorus content (unit: t/year), G, which is the product of organic waste resource in the region_(OFM-P)Is a regionThe total organic phosphorus content (unit: t/year) of organic wastes used for resource conversion;

in the formula (XVI), G_(OF-K)The total amount of organic potassium (unit: t/year), G, which is the resource product of organic wastes in the region_(OFM-K)The total organic potassium content (unit: t/year) of organic wastes used for resource conversion in a region;

in the formula (XVII), G_(OF-C)The total organic carbon (unit: t/year), G, of the organic waste resource products in the region_(OFM-C)The total organic carbon content (unit: t/year) of the organic wastes used for resource conversion in the region.

In the above formula, the mass yield of the organic waste used as compost is 55% (the water content is reduced by about 50% and the mineralization of organic matters is reduced by 5%) wherein the nutrient element N, P, K can realize 95% resource utilization, 5% is released in a gas form, the humification rate of organic carbon is 65%, that is, the organic carbon can realize 65% resource utilization, and pollutants generated by raw manure directly returned to the field without treatment can directly enter a water body to cause water quality pollution.

In addition, after obtaining the organic waste resource product, the present invention preferably further comprises:

safety inspection is carried out according to the requirement of heavy metal content in NY525-2012 standard, and all resource products with up-to-standard safety indexes can be returned to the field for use.

After the total amount of chemical nutrients of fertilizers used by farmlands in the area to be evaluated is checked, the comprehensive management of the nutrients in the area to be evaluated is carried out according to the established relation between the quality of the cultivated land in the area and the returning amount of the organic waste resource products, so that the prevention and treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution in the water and soil co-treatment area are realized.

In view of the continuous growth of the compound fertilizer market in recent years, in order to save the fertilizer application cost and improve the fertilizer using convenience, most farmers mainly use the compound fertilizer for farming and use the single-element fertilizer as the supplement, the type of the crop fertilizer related in the invention is calculated by taking the compound fertilizer with 45 percent of total nutrient as the standard; the common crop fertilizer requirement ratio look-up table is shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 common crop fertilizer requirement ratio look-up table

Note: solanaceous fruit vegetables: tomato, eggplant, pepper; white vegetables: chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris; melon and vegetable: cucumber, pumpkin, wax gourd, towel gourd, balsam pear, etc.; green leaf vegetables: spinach, lettuce, celery, amaranth, lettuce, crowndaisy chrysanthemum and the like; rhizomes: radish, carrot, potato, taro, etc.; fruit trees: apple, pear, peach, orange, jujube, etc.

In the present invention, the total nutrient amount (input amount) of the fertilizer used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated is preferably calculated by the following formula:

in the formula (XVIII), G_(CF-N)M is the total chemical nitrogen content (unit: t/year) of the fertilizers used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated_iIs the planting area (unit: mu) of a certain crop in the area, X_iThe annual mu dosage of the fertilizer for a certain crop in the area (unit: kg/mu), f (N)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the proportion of the nitrogen demand of certain crops in the region to the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demand is obtained by inquiring a table 4;

in the formula (XIX), G_(CF-P)The total chemical phosphorus content (unit: t/year), f (P) of the fertilizer used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated₂O₅)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the proportion of the phosphorus demand of certain crops in the region to the total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demand is obtained by inquiring a table 4;

in the formula (XX), G_(CF-K)The total amount of chemical potassium (unit: t/year), f (K) of the fertilizer used in the field to be evaluated₂O)_iThe standard value (unit:%) of the proportion of potassium demand of certain crops in the region in total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demand is obtained by inquiring a table 4;

in addition, in the above formula, i is the crop number in table 4, i is 1, 2, 3.. times.15; 45 percent is the total content of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients of the chemical fertilizer.

After the total chemical nutrient amount of the fertilizer used in the farmland in the area to be evaluated is checked, the method preferably further comprises the following steps:

evaluating agricultural non-point source pollution amount generated by chemical fertilizers used in farmlands in the area to be evaluated; the method for evaluating the agricultural non-point source pollution amount generated by the fertilizer used by the farmland in the area to be evaluated preferably adopts the following calculation formula:

the nitrogen pollution of fertilizer used in farmland_(CF-N)× 65% × 20% × 85% of formula (XXI);

the phosphorus pollution amount of fertilizer used in farmland after losing into water is G_(CF-P)× 75% × 10% × 85% of formula (XXII).

Wherein the unit of the water nitrogen pollution amount lost by the chemical fertilizer used in the farmland and the water phosphorus pollution amount lost by the chemical fertilizer used in the farmland is t/year; 65 percent of the nitrogen fertilizer in season is the non-utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer in season, and the accounting is carried out according to 35 percent of the nitrogen fertilizer in season; 20 percent of the water loss rate of the nitrogen fertilizer in the unused amount in the season; 85% is the water inlet rate of the nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers along with the water loss; 75 percent of the total utilization rate is the current utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer, and the accounting is carried out according to the current utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer of 25 percent; 10 percent of the water loss rate of the phosphate fertilizer in the amount which is not utilized in the season.

In the invention, the preferable relation between the regional cultivated land quality and the returning amount of the organic waste resource products specifically comprises the following steps:

when the content of organic matters in the soil is less than or equal to 2%, returning the organic waste resource products to the field is 3-5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 2% -3.5%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 1.5-3 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 3.5% -5%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0.5-1.5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is 5-7%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0.2-0.5 t/mu;

when the content of organic matters in the soil is more than or equal to 7%, the returning amount of the organic waste resource products is 0-0.2 t/mu.

According to the method, the soil basic fertility is judged by investigating the average content of organic matters in the cultivated land soil of different crops in the area, and the maximum returning amount of organic wastes of the land bearing capacity in the area is determined according to the relation.

According to the invention, the comprehensive management of nutrients in the area to be evaluated is carried out according to the relation between the farmland quality of the area and the returning amount of the organic waste resource products; the comprehensive nutrient management process is preferably as follows:

and calculating the maximum proportion of organic waste resource products and organic nutrients in the area to be evaluated to replace chemical nutrients of fertilizers used by farmlands through a regional nutrient comprehensive management evaluation method, and replacing the fertilizers used by the farmlands with the organic waste resource products according to the calculated result to realize the prevention and treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution in the water and soil co-treatment area.

In the invention, the regional nutrient comprehensive management and evaluation method adopts the following calculation formula:

in the formula (VIII), R_NThe proportion of organic nitrogen in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical nitrogen in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-N)The total amount of organic nitrogen (unit: t/year), G, which is a resource product of organic waste in the area to be evaluated_(CF-N)The total chemical nitrogen content of the fertilizer used by the farmland in the area to be evaluated (unit: t/year);

in the formula (IX), R_PThe proportion of organic phosphorus in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical nitrogen in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-P)Total organic phosphorus content (unit: t/year), G, which is a resource product of organic waste in the area to be evaluated_(CF-P)The total chemical phosphorus content of the fertilizer used by the farmland in the area to be evaluated (unit: t/year);

in the formula (X), R_KThe proportion of organic potassium in the organic waste resource products in the area to be evaluated, G, which can replace chemical potassium in the fertilizer used in the farmland_(OF-K)The total amount (unit: t/year), G, of organic potassium which is the resource product of organic waste in the area to be evaluated_(CF-K)The total chemical potassium content of the fertilizer used by the farmland in the area to be evaluated (unit: t/year);

K＝min(R_N，R_P，R_K) Formula (XI);

in the formula (XI), K is the maximum proportion of organic waste resource product nutrients in the area to be evaluated to replace chemical nutrients of fertilizers used in the farmland, namely the maximum fertilizer reduction rate of the farmland which can be realized in the area to be evaluated.

The invention provides an assessment method and application of agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources, wherein the assessment method can systematically assess the agricultural non-point source pollution generated by the organic waste resources, and further is applied to preventing and treating regional agricultural non-point source pollution; the problem of resource waste caused by discarding a large amount of nutrient resources in agricultural organic wastes as wastes is solved in a targeted manner, the current situation of environmental pollution caused by random discarding of the organic wastes is improved, the resource recycling industrial chain and the value chain of regional agricultural organic wastes are further guided to be promoted, the purposes of clean production, safe utilization and water and soil co-treatment are realized, and the method has extremely important significance for agricultural and rural sustainable development in China. Experimental results show that the method for evaluating agricultural non-point source pollution of organic waste resources and the application have the advantages of multiple technical effects of soil improvement, crop yield increase, quality improvement, water quality improvement and the like, and have important significance for agricultural non-point source pollution control and ecological environment treatment.

To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for illustration. The area to be evaluated referred to in the following examples was the Shaoyong province city longevity; the longevity is the origin and main production area of greenhouse vegetables, the planting area of vegetables in the whole market is more than 60 mu and more than 120 mu of grain crops, and due to the long-term planting of traditional crops and the high-yield planting of greenhouse vegetables, the fertilizer and water requirements are large, so that the serious soil quality degradation and the continuous super-harvest of underground water resources are caused, the water resources are deficient, and the underground water pollution is serious.