阅读说明：本技术 一种钻井地质环境因素确定方法、装置及存储介质 (Method and device for determining drilling geological environment factors and storage medium ) 是由 路保平 袁多 杨进 侯绪田 吴超 于 2020-03-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本说明书实施例提供一种钻井地质环境因素确定方法、装置及存储介质。所述方法包括：获取已钻开井段的声波测井数据和已钻开井段的岩屑声波时差数据；根据所述声波测井数据和岩屑声波时差数据确定一维地震速度模型；使用插值法将所述一维地震速度模型扩展至三维空间,得到插值地震速度场；根据所述插值地震速度场和已钻开井段的原始地震速度场确定已钻开井段的地震速度模型；根据所述已钻开井段的地震速度模型确定待钻地层的地震速度模型；根据所述待钻地层的地震速度模型确定待钻地层的钻井地质环境因素,从而提高目标区域地质与力学特征描述的准确性。(The embodiment of the specification provides a method and a device for determining drilling geological environment factors and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section; determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled, thereby improving the accuracy of the geological and mechanical feature description of the target area.)

1. A method for determining drilling geological environmental factors, the method comprising:

acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section;

determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data;

expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field;

determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section;

determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section;

and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining sonic logging data of the drilled interval comprises:

extracting one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data from logging data of the drilled well section;

and extracting low-frequency part data in the one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data, and smoothing the low-frequency part data to obtain acoustic logging data of the drilled well section.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: preprocessing the rock debris sound wave time difference data; wherein the pre-processing comprises: fitting regression by taking the confining pressure of the rock as an independent variable and taking the difference value between the rock debris acoustic time difference data and the acoustic logging data as a dependent variable to obtain a regression equation; correcting the rock debris sound wave time difference data according to the regression equation;

correspondingly, a one-dimensional seismic velocity model is determined according to the acoustic logging data and the preprocessed rock debris acoustic time difference data.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the extending the one-dimensional seismic velocity model into three-dimensional space using interpolation comprises:

acquiring geological structure tensor data of the drilled well section according to the seismic data;

and expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space based on the constraint of the geological structure tensor data to obtain an interpolation seismic velocity field.

5. A drilling geological environment factor determination apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:

the acquisition module is used for acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section;

the first determination module is used for determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data;

the interpolation module is used for expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolation seismic velocity field;

a second determination module for determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled-out well section from the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled-out well section;

the third determination module is used for determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section;

and the fourth determination module is used for determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the obtaining module comprises:

the first extraction module is used for extracting one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data from logging data of a drilled well section;

and the second extraction module is used for extracting low-frequency part data in the one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data and smoothing the low-frequency part data to obtain acoustic logging data of the drilled well section.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:

the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the rock debris sound wave time difference data; wherein the pre-processing comprises: fitting regression by taking the confining pressure of the rock as an independent variable and taking the difference value between the rock debris acoustic time difference data and the acoustic logging data as a dependent variable to obtain a regression equation; correcting the rock debris sound wave time difference data according to the regression equation;

correspondingly, the first determining module is further configured to determine a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the preprocessed rock debris acoustic moveout data.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the interpolation module comprises:

the acquisition module is used for acquiring geological structure tensor data of the drilled well section according to the seismic data;

and the expansion module is used for expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space based on the constraint of the geological structure tensor data to obtain an interpolation seismic velocity field.

9. A drilling geological environment factor determination apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:

the acquisition component is used for acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section;

the processor is used for determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; determining drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled;

a memory for storing a computer program operable on the processor.

10. A computer readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon that when executed implement: acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section; determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

Technical Field

The embodiment of the specification relates to the field of oil and gas development and exploration, in particular to a method and a device for determining drilling geological environment factors and a storage medium.

Background

Drilling is a mechanical engineering technique that utilizes deep drilling to extract natural resources from the earth or sea bottom, or to take the actual condition of the section of the earth, and to capture physical samples, so as to provide experiments to obtain relevant data. In the drilling process, if the condition in the hole is not known enough, analysis and research are lacked, and no timely measures are taken or operation is improper, the hole accident can happen. The geological and mechanical characteristics of the target area are accurately described, the geological characteristics of the stratum and the drilling geological engineering parameters are reasonably described, the drilling risk can be greatly reduced, and at present, for the undiscovered stratum, the seismic data is a reliable basis for obtaining the information.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the specification aims to provide a method, a device and a storage medium for determining drilling geological environment factors so as to determine the drilling geological environment factors and improve the accuracy of geological and mechanical feature description of a target area.

In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present specification provide a method, an apparatus, and a storage medium for determining a drilling geological environment factor.

A method of determining drilling geological environmental factors, the method comprising: acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section; determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

A drilling geological environment factor determination apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the acquisition module is used for acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section; the first determination module is used for determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; the interpolation module is used for expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolation seismic velocity field; a second determination module for determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled-out well section from the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled-out well section; the third determination module is used for determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and the fourth determination module is used for determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

A drilling geological environment factor determination apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the acquisition component is used for acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section; the processor is used for determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; determining drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled; a memory for storing a computer program operable on the processor.

A computer readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon that when executed implement: acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section; determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the specification, in the embodiment of the specification, acoustic logging data of a drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section can be obtained; determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled. According to the method for determining the drilling geological environment factors, the rock debris acoustic time difference data and the acoustic logging data are combined to establish the seismic velocity model for constraint, the multi-solution problem existing in the establishment of the seismic velocity model in the seismic tomography process is solved, the drilling geological environment factors are determined, and the accuracy of geological and mechanical feature description of a target area is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the specification, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining drilling geological environment factors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of data for a drilled interval in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating low-frequency reconstruction of sonic logging data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a reconstructed acoustic transit time curve of a rock fragment acoustic measurement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a graphical illustration of changes in seismic velocity field before and after fusion in an embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of predicting formation pressure ahead of a drill bit based on a seismic velocity model of a formation to be drilled in accordance with an embodiment of the present description;

FIG. 7 is a comparison of a seismic velocity model based on a formation to be drilled and a periborehole seismic profile obtained from an original seismic velocity model in accordance with embodiments of the present description;

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a drilling geological environment factor determination device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling geological environment factor determination device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present specification.

In the embodiments of the present specification, the drilling geological environment factors may include rock deformation and strength parameters, rock drillability, ground stress state, formation pressure system, etc., which determine the applicability of the drilling process technology. On the basis of determining the distribution rule of geological environmental factors of the drilling in the construction block, the drilling process, the tool adaptability evaluation and the construction parameter optimization can be carried out in a targeted manner, so that the maximum speed-up and efficiency-improvement potential can be exerted. The drilling geological environment factors of the target area are accurately described, the stratum geological characteristics and the drilling geological engineering parameters are reasonably described, the drilling risk can be greatly reduced, and at present, for the undiscovered stratum, the seismic data is a reliable basis for obtaining the information.

Drilling geological environment factors can typically be analyzed by seismic velocity model establishment during seismic imaging, but the input to such a seismic velocity model is seismic data acquired in the drilled interval and the output is a three-dimensional model of formation velocities to be drilled, in which case the "ambiguity" problem arises. That is to say, there are many seismic velocity models that can satisfy the objective function to reach the optimal condition, which will cause great errors in predicted horizon, structure, lithology and mechanical characteristics in some work areas, thereby causing the drilling geological environment factor description to be inaccurate, and causing adverse effects on the scientificity and accuracy of drilling design. Considering that if a seismic velocity model is established by utilizing a multi-information constraint strategy of combining rock debris acoustic time difference data and acoustic logging data, the multi-solution problem of the velocity model of the stratum to be drilled is expected to be solved, and further the geological characteristics before the drill bit and the drilling geological environment factors can be determined to guide the optimization of the drilling process.

In the embodiment of the present specification, a main body for executing the method for determining the drilling geological environment factor may be an electronic device with a logical operation function, the electronic device may be a server or a client, and the client may be a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a workstation, and the like. Of course, the client is not limited to the electronic device with certain entities, and may also be software running in the electronic device. It may also be program software formed by program development, which may be run in the above-mentioned electronic device.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining drilling geological environment factors according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the method for determining the drilling geological environment factors can comprise the following steps.

S110: and acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section.

In some embodiments, the sonic logging data includes a sonic logging signal, which is a non-stationary signal including longitudinal waves, transverse waves, stoneley waves, and the like, and the signal has a wide variation range and a strong sub-band characteristic. The sonic logging signals in the sonic logging data are correlated, but the noise is uncorrelated and has a wide frequency band. In a logging system, a large amount of acoustic logging data can be uploaded from the underground to the aboveground for processing, and enough data can be collected for analysis in order to ensure the accuracy of logging results.

In some embodiments, acquiring sonic logging data of the drilled interval may include: extracting one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data from logging data of the drilled well section; and extracting a low-frequency part in the one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data, and smoothing the low-frequency part to obtain acoustic logging data of the drilled well section.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a data set of a drilled interval that may be divided into two portions. The dashed line locations in FIG. 2 represent intervals of acoustic log data, and the solid lines represent intervals of logged and acoustic log data. In some embodiments, one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data may be extracted from logging data of a well section which has undergone logging and has acoustic logging data, and low-frequency part data in the one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data may be extracted by median filtering such a speed-preserving boundary method, so that the extracted low-frequency part data matches with a seismic scale; then, local rapid changes on the extracted low-frequency part data are removed by utilizing Gaussian smoothing processing, so that acoustic logging data of the drilled well section are obtained, as shown in FIG. 3.

In some embodiments, the cuttings sonic moveout data for the drilled-out interval may be measured by a cuttings wave velocity testing system for the drilled-out interval. The rock debris wave speed testing system can obtain the acoustic velocity of the rock debris according to the time of the ultrasonic probe reaching the receiving probe and the thickness of the rock debris, and then obtains rock debris acoustic time difference data.

In some embodiments, the rock debris acoustic moveout data may also be pre-processed. Specifically, a cuttings wave velocity test system is used for measuring a well section which is drilled and is logged and a well section which is not logged, so that cuttings sound wave time difference data of the logged well section and cuttings sound wave time difference data of the non-logged well section are obtained. For the rock debris acoustic time difference data of the well section which is well-logged, the confining pressure of rock can be used as an independent variable, the difference value of the rock debris acoustic time difference data and the acoustic logging data is used as a dependent variable, and fitting regression is carried out to obtain a regression equation. And correcting the rock debris acoustic time difference data of the well section which is subjected to logging and the rock debris acoustic time difference data of the well section which is not subjected to logging according to the regression equation to obtain the preprocessed rock debris acoustic time difference data.

In a specific embodiment, the number of the rock fragment acoustic time difference data is supplemented to the uncapped well section 800 meters below the logged well section, 5-6 measurement points per hundred meters are preprocessed to obtain the final rock fragment acoustic time difference data, as shown in fig. 4.

S120: and determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data.

In some embodiments, the sonic logging data and the cuttings sonic moveout data may be fused to obtain a one-dimensional seismic velocity model. The fusion principle is that acoustic logging data are used as the standard in a logged well section, and in a small number of well sections which do not pass logging, rock debris acoustic time difference data can be supplemented and spliced to obtain a one-dimensional seismic velocity model, so that the one-dimensional seismic velocity model comprises rock debris acoustic time difference data of well sections which do not pass logging, and the problem of multi-solution of a to-be-drilled stratum velocity model can be solved in the subsequent establishment of the seismic velocity model by adopting a mode of combining rock debris acoustic time difference and logging acoustic data.

S130: and expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field.

In geophysical exploration, the velocity of an underground medium is a very critical parameter, accurate velocity calculation is critical to the design of an observation system, the accurate positioning of an underground geological target body, structure disclosure, reservoir prediction and the like, and the precision of the velocity directly influences all links and final results of seismic exploration. The seismic wave propagation velocity parameters run through the seismic exploration process of seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation, and the result of velocity analysis not only affects the imaging effect, but also affects the reliability of the imaging and interpretation results. Thus, a seismic velocity field may be established to analyze the velocity of the subsurface medium. The seismic velocity field comprises a physical field formed by velocity vectors at each point at each moment. The interpolated seismic velocity field comprises a seismic velocity field obtained by extending the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space using an interpolation method.

In some embodiments, in order to extend the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space, a geological structure constrained three-dimensional velocity interpolation technique may be adopted, which includes obtaining geological structure tensor data of a drilled well section according to seismic data, then implementing structure constrained interpolation by using an elliptic equation in a partial differential equation, and finally performing structure constrained smoothing on interpolation results to remove artifacts possibly introduced in interpolation. Specifically, a structure tensor method is adopted for seismic data to construct a geological structure tensor D (x). Starting from the geological structure tensor, solving the equation of the engineering function constrained by the geological structure tensor,

equation of equation

Where d (x) represents the shortest geological trip from the well head to the outside, it represents the magnitude of the difference between the well head location and the well head location under the constraints of the geological structure. The initial condition for solving this equation is to set d (x) to zero at the wellhead location and then expand the local one-dimensional seismic velocity at the wellhead outward to p (x) when traveling in the shortest geology. And then obtaining a final mixed domain interpolation result v by solving a smoothing equation constrained by the tensor of the geological structure_e(x) And obtaining an interpolation seismic velocity field.

S140: and determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolation seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section.

In some embodiments, the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section is a seismic velocity field obtained from seismic data of the drilled well section.

In some embodiments, after obtaining the interpolated seismic velocity field, the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled-out interval may be fused to obtain a seismic velocity model of the drilled-out interval.

Specifically, the interpolation seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field can be respectively converted into a wave number domain by adopting a Gabor conversion mode, fusion is carried out in the wave number domain, and then the wave number domain is converted back to a space domain, and finally the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section is obtained.

Specifically, the original seismic velocity field can be set as v₁(x, y, z), after Gabor conversion, the original seismic velocity field can be converted into a wave number domain, and an original seismic velocity field v in the wave number domain is obtained₁(x,y,z,k_z) (ii) a Interpolated seismic velocity field of v₂(x, y, z), after Gabor conversion, the interpolated seismic velocity field can be converted into a wavenumber domain, and an interpolated seismic velocity field v in the wavenumber domain is obtained₂(x,y,z,k_z). Wherein x, y and z represent a rectangular coordinate system in space, and k_zRepresenting wave number domain coordinates. V can be transformed in the wavenumber domain according to the following fusion equation₁(x,y,z,k_z) And v₂(x,y,z,k_z) Carrying out fusion:

v(x,y,z,k_z)＝a(x,y,z,k_z)v₁(x,y,z,k_z)+b(x,y,z,k_z)v₂(x,y,z,k_z)

wherein a and b are fusion coefficients which can be obtained by empirical or chromatographic inversion, and v (x, y, z, k)_z) Is a wave number domain fusion velocity field. The wavenumber domain is then fused to the velocity field v (x, y, z, k)_z) And converting into a space domain to obtain a seismic velocity model v (x, y, z) of the drilled well section.

Fig. 5 shows a variation diagram of the seismic velocity field before and after fusion, wherein the left side of fig. 5 is an original seismic velocity field, and the right side of fig. 5 is a fused seismic velocity model. And a changed part after the rock debris sound wave time difference data is adopted is arranged between the two black solid lines on the right side.

S150: and determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section.

In some embodiments, a tomographic approach may be used to determine a seismic velocity model of the formation to be drilled, based on the seismic velocity model of the drilled interval. Specifically, for the formation to be drilled, a tomographic equation for the layered medium hypothesis may be established:

v^curra seismic velocity parameter representative of the drilled interval, which may be determined from a seismic velocity model of the drilled interval;representing the dip angle of the stratum at the reflection point; theta₁And theta₂Two reflection angles are shown; l_1,iAnd l_2,iRespectively represent theta₁And theta₂A ray length of the corresponding reflected ray within the ith horizon;andrespectively represent theta₁And theta₂Corresponding imaging depth, Δ m_iA single offset on the imaging gather representing the ith horizon. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

where Δ m represents the single offset distance on the imaging gather. The formula is a linear equation constructed by single offset information on an imaging gather, and a linear equation system, namely a chromatographic equation system, can be constructed by information of different offsets (namely imaging data of different reflected ray angles) on the imaging gather. The model parameter c of each layer can be obtained by solving the chromatographic equation system₀And c₁. The seismic velocity parameters of the formation to be drilled may then be determined using the following formula:

wherein v is^updRepresenting a seismic velocity parameter of the formation to be drilled, a seismic velocity parameter v in a seismic velocity model of the drilled interval^currSubstitution to v^updA seismic velocity model of the formation to be drilled may be obtained. The above ground for determining the formation to be drilledIn the process of the seismic velocity model, the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled is determined by utilizing the residual curvature of the imaging gather, only the seismic velocity parameters of the stratum to be drilled are replaced, the seismic velocity information of the drilled well section is obtained through S110 and S120, the number of model parameter replacement can be greatly reduced through the mode, the model parameters can be consistent with the horizon of seismic interpretation through the velocity layering description before drilling, and if some horizons of the seismic interpretation are too thick, the horizon is divided into a plurality of horizon descriptions, so that the chromatography efficiency is improved.

S160: and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

In some implementations, the seismic velocity profile of the stratum to be drilled is obtained by using the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled, based on the existing drilling rock mechanics and well wall stability theory, basic mechanical parameters such as transverse wave velocity, stratum density, shale content, Young modulus, Poisson ratio, cohesive force, internal friction angle, compressive strength, tensile strength, plastic coefficient and the like can be sequentially derived, data such as pore pressure, structural stress, well wall stress and the like can be further expanded and calculated, finally, a well wall collapse pressure and fracture pressure data model can be established for well wall stability control, parameters such as leakage stress for leakage prevention and leakage stoppage and closed stress for fracturing process optimization can be estimated, and accordingly, the determination of drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled is completed. Furthermore, after the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled are determined, the imaging result of the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled can be used for resetting the geologic body, and the drilling process can be guided and optimized. Wherein, fig. 6 shows the condition of predicting the formation pressure in front of the drill bit according to the seismic velocity model of the formation to be drilled, and fig. 7 shows the comparison graph of the seismic profile around the well obtained according to the seismic velocity model of the formation to be drilled and the original seismic velocity model. As can be seen from fig. 7, the well-periphery seismic profile obtained from the seismic velocity model of the formation to be drilled is clearer and more well-periphery seismic profile is well-defined than the well-periphery seismic profile obtained from the original seismic velocity model.

The method for determining the drilling geological environment factors provided by the embodiment of the specification can acquire acoustic logging data of a drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section; determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled. According to the method for determining the drilling geological environment factors, the rock debris acoustic time difference data and the acoustic logging data are combined to establish the seismic velocity model for constraint, the multi-solution problem existing in the establishment of the seismic velocity model in the seismic tomography process is solved, the drilling geological environment factors are determined, and the accuracy of geological and mechanical feature description of a target area is improved.

Embodiments of the present specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a method for determining drilling geological environment factors, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions that, when executed, implement: acquiring acoustic logging data of the drilled well section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled well section; determining a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic time difference data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

In the present embodiment, the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Cache (Cache), a Hard disk (HDD), or a Memory Card (Memory Card). The memory may be used to store computer program instructions. In this embodiment, the functions and effects specifically realized by the program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium can be explained by comparing with other embodiments, and are not described herein again.

Referring to fig. 8, on a software level, the present specification further provides a reservoir permeability prediction apparatus, which may specifically include the following structural modules.

An obtaining module 810, configured to obtain acoustic logging data of the drilled-out wellbore section and rock debris acoustic time difference data of the drilled-out wellbore section;

a first determining module 820, configured to determine a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic moveout data;

an interpolation module 830, configured to expand the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method, so as to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field;

a second determination module 840 for determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled-out wellbore section from the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled-out wellbore section;

a third determination module 850 for determining a seismic velocity model of the formation to be drilled from the seismic velocity model of the drilled interval;

and the fourth determination module 860 is used for determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled.

In some embodiments, the obtaining module may include: the first extraction module is used for extracting one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data from logging data of a drilled well section; and the second extraction module is used for extracting low-frequency part data in the one-dimensional acoustic logging speed data and smoothing the low-frequency part data to obtain acoustic logging data of the drilled well section.

In some embodiments, the apparatus may further comprise: the preprocessing module is used for preprocessing the rock debris sound wave time difference data; wherein the pre-processing comprises: fitting regression by taking the confining pressure of the rock as an independent variable and taking the difference value between the rock debris acoustic time difference data and the acoustic logging data as a dependent variable to obtain a regression equation; correcting the rock debris sound wave time difference data according to the regression equation; correspondingly, the first determining module is further configured to determine a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the preprocessed rock debris acoustic moveout data.

In some embodiments, the value module may further include: the acquisition module is used for acquiring geological structure tensor data of the drilled well section according to the seismic data; and the expansion module is used for expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space based on the constraint of the geological structure tensor data to obtain an interpolation seismic velocity field.

As shown in fig. 9, the present specification further provides a drilling geological environment factor determination apparatus, wherein the apparatus may include an acquisition component 910, a processor 920 and a memory 930, which are connected by an internal cable, so that each structure may perform specific data interaction.

An obtaining component 910 for obtaining acoustic logging data of the drilled-out section and cuttings acoustic time difference data of the drilled-out section;

a processor 920, configured to determine a one-dimensional seismic velocity model according to the acoustic logging data and the rock debris acoustic moveout data; expanding the one-dimensional seismic velocity model to a three-dimensional space by using an interpolation method to obtain an interpolated seismic velocity field; determining a seismic velocity model of the drilled well section according to the interpolated seismic velocity field and the original seismic velocity field of the drilled well section; determining a seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the drilled well section; and determining the drilling geological environment factors of the stratum to be drilled according to the seismic velocity model of the stratum to be drilled. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an APPlication Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

A memory 930 for storing computer programs executable on the processor. The memory may be used to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor may implement various functions of the image database establishment by executing or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory and calling data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, a text conversion function, an image drawing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, text message data, image data, etc.) created according to the use of the user terminal, etc. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.

It should be noted that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in each embodiment may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments. In particular, as for the apparatus embodiment and the apparatus embodiment, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and reference may be made to some descriptions of the method embodiment for relevant points.

After reading this specification, persons skilled in the art will appreciate that any combination of some or all of the embodiments set forth herein, without inventive faculty, is within the scope of the disclosure and protection of this specification.

In the 90 th generation of 20 th century, it is obvious that improvements in Hardware (for example, improvements in Circuit structures such as diodes, transistors and switches) or software (for improvement in method flow) can be distinguished for a technical improvement, however, as technology develops, many of the improvements in method flow today can be regarded as direct improvements in Hardware Circuit structures, designers almost all obtain corresponding Hardware Circuit structures by Programming the improved method flow into Hardware circuits, and therefore, it cannot be said that an improvement in method flow cannot be realized by Hardware entity modules, for example, Programmable logic devices (Programmable logic devices L organic devices, P L D) (for example, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are integrated circuits whose logic functions are determined by user Programming of devices), and a digital system is "integrated" on a P L D "by self Programming of designers without requiring many kinds of integrated circuits manufactured and manufactured by special chip manufacturers to design and manufacture, and only a Hardware program is written by Hardware logic editor (software) such as Hardware editor software, software editor, software, Hardware editor, software, Hardware editor, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software, Hardware, software.

The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present specification can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present specification may be essentially or partially implemented in the form of software products, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and include instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present specification.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.

The description is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet-type devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.

This description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.

While the specification has been described with examples, those skilled in the art will appreciate that there are numerous variations and permutations of the specification that do not depart from the spirit of the specification, and it is intended that the appended claims include such variations and modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the specification.