阅读说明：本技术 滚动轴承保持架及其滚动轴承 (Rolling bearing retainer and rolling bearing thereof ) 是由 于士超 李开元 黄志强 于 2020-04-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于滚动轴承技术领域,涉及一种滚动轴承保持架,包括保持架本体,所述保持架包括两个对合设置的半保持架,两个半保持架之间通过铆钉紧固连接,每个所述半保持架上分别均布设置多个球兜,球兜中配合设置钢球,所述钢球的直径Dw、球兜的半径R、及球兜的深度H满足：0.543≥R/Dw≥0.531,0.512≥H/Dw≥0.505。该保持架能解决现有滚动轴承在振动大、不平衡旋转载荷或倾斜装配状况下工作时,保持架容易发生断裂、散架等问题。(The invention belongs to the technical field of rolling bearings, and relates to a rolling bearing retainer which comprises a retainer body, wherein the retainer comprises two half retainers which are arranged in an involutory mode, the two half retainers are fastened and connected through rivets, a plurality of ball pockets are uniformly distributed on each half retainer, steel balls are arranged in the ball pockets in a matched mode, and the diameter Dw of each steel ball, the radius R of each ball pocket and the depth H of each ball pocket meet the following requirements: R/Dw is more than or equal to 0.543 and more than or equal to 0.531, and H/Dw is more than or equal to 0.512 and more than or equal to 0.505. The retainer can solve the problems that the retainer is easy to break, scatter and the like when the existing rolling bearing works under the conditions of large vibration, unbalanced rotating load or inclined assembly.)

1. The utility model provides a rolling bearing retainer, includes retainer body (4), retainer body (4) include two half retainers (44) to closing the setting, through rivet (7) fastening connection, every between two half retainers (44) respectively the equipartition sets up a plurality of ball pockets (5) on half retainer (44), and the cooperation sets up steel ball (3), its characterized in that in ball pocket (5): the diameter Dw of the steel ball (3), the radius R of the ball pocket (5) and the depth H of the ball pocket (5) meet the following requirements: R/Dw is more than or equal to 0.543 and more than or equal to 0.531, and H/Dw is more than or equal to 0.512 and more than or equal to 0.505.

2. The rolling bearing cage of claim 1, wherein: the retainer (4) is made of low-carbon steel or stainless steel.

3. The rolling bearing cage of claim 1, wherein: the steel ball (3) is made of bearing steel or ceramic or stainless steel.

4. A rolling bearing characterized in that: comprising a rolling bearing cage according to claim 1.

5. Rolling bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: two axial end faces of the rolling bearing are open.

6. Rolling bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: and a sealing piece is arranged on one end surface or two end surfaces of the rolling bearing in the axial direction.

7. Rolling bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: the sealing element is made of metal materials.

8. Rolling bearing according to claim 6, characterized in that: the sealing element is made of a combination of a metal material and any one of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, acrylate rubber, silicon rubber and fluororubber.

9. Rolling bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the rolling bearing is a metal smooth surface or is provided with a groove or an attached coating.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rolling bearings, and relates to a rolling bearing retainer and a rolling bearing using the same.

Background

The rolling bearing is a precise mechanical element for connecting a rotating shaft and a bearing seat, and comprises an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of steel balls and a retainer. The inner circumferential surface of the outer ring is provided with an outer ring raceway, and the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring is provided with an inner ring raceway. The retainer clamps a plurality of steel balls and enables the steel balls to be evenly distributed between the inner ring raceway and the outer ring raceway in the circumferential direction. When the shaft is installed and used, the shaft is installed in an inner hole of the inner ring, and the inner ring and the shaft rotate together under the normal condition; the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring is arranged in the bearing seat hole. When the bearing works, the steel balls revolve in the circumferential direction together with the retainer while rotating between the inner raceway and the outer raceway.

In the application occasions of cement road surface road breakers, electric tools, universal engine crankshafts and the like, rolling bearings often bear large vibration or unbalanced rotation loads. Therefore, the retainer is often broken and scattered, so that the bearing is blocked, and the main machine is stopped to lose the use function. In addition, the shaft axes of the inner and outer races of the rolling bearing are inclined to each other due to the inclination of the shaft axes of the shaft and the bearing housing hole, that is, the retainer of the bearing is easily broken when the bearing is operated in an inclined assembly condition.

Chinese utility model patent grant publication no: CN 205895920U, date of authorized announcement: in the utility model patent entitled "rolling bearing retainer" of 2017, 18.01.7, a retainer is disclosed, which is characterized in that the rivet holes of the flat joining portions of two pieces of wave-shaped retainers are respectively tapered, and the major diameter sides of the opposing tapered rivet holes are opposed to each other at the time of caulking, so that the caulking workability is improved and the caulking failure is prevented.

Chinese utility model patent grant publication no: CN 206439302U, date of authorized bulletin: in the utility model patent entitled "a high-bearing deep groove ball bearing and its holder" of 08 month 25.2017, a holder is disclosed. The bearing is characterized in that the flat parts of the two-petal wave-shaped retainer are axially connected through a rectangular rivet with steps, so that the flat parts of the two-petal wave-shaped retainer are arranged at intervals, the number of ball pockets on the periphery of the retainer can be increased under the condition that the diameter of a steel ball is not changed, namely, the number of the steel balls is increased, and the load bearing capacity of the bearing is improved.

Chinese utility model patent grant publication no: CN 209469714U, date of authorized announcement: in the utility model patent entitled "deep groove ball bearing retainer" of 08 days 10 and 9 months 2019, a retainer is disclosed. The ball bag is characterized in that an oil storage tank is arranged on the inner wall of the ball bag of the retainer, heat dissipation holes are formed in the ball bag, and graphite is filled in the heat dissipation holes. So as to improve the lubrication between the steel ball and the ball pocket.

However, none of the above utility model patents solves the problem of the cage breaking when the bearing is operated under vibration or inclined assembly conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at the problems and provides a rolling bearing retainer which can solve the problems that the retainer is easy to break, scatter and the like when the existing rolling bearing works under the conditions of large vibration, unbalanced rotating load or inclined assembly.

According to the technical scheme of the invention: the utility model provides a rolling bearing retainer, includes the holder body, the holder includes two semi-holders to closing the setting, through rivet fastening connection, every between two semi-holders respectively the equipartition set up a plurality of ball pockets on the semi-holder, and the cooperation sets up steel ball, its characterized in that in the ball pocket: the diameter Dw of the steel ball, the radius R of the ball pocket and the depth H of the ball pocket meet the following requirements: R/Dw is more than or equal to 0.543 and more than or equal to 0.531, and H/Dw is more than or equal to 0.512 and more than or equal to 0.505.

As a further improvement of the invention, the retainer is made of mild steel or stainless steel.

As a further improvement of the invention, the steel ball is made of bearing steel or ceramic or stainless steel.

The rolling bearing retainer can solve the problem of retainer fracture when the bearing works under the vibration or inclined assembly condition.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a rolling bearing comprising the rolling bearing cage described above.

Furthermore, two axial end faces of the rolling bearing are open.

Further, one end face or two end faces in the axial direction of the rolling bearing is/are provided with a sealing piece.

Further, the sealing element is made of metal materials.

Further, the sealing element is made of a combination of a metal material and any one of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, acrylate rubber, silicon rubber and fluororubber.

Furthermore, the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the rolling bearing is a metal smooth surface or is provided with a groove or an attached coating.

The bearing adopting the retainer realizes reasonable play between the steel balls and the ball pockets in the circumferential direction during working, and the retainer cannot be broken or scattered even if the rolling bearing works under the conditions of vibration, unbalanced rotating load or inclined assembly, so that the service life of machinery or machinery can be prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rolling bearing cage according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the geometry of the half-cage.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rolling bearing according to the present invention.

FIGS. 5a to 5c are schematic views of the stress of the retainer when the rolling bearing works.

FIG. 6 is a graph of the relationship between pocket radius, pocket depth and cage life for a cage.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

In fig. 1 to 6, the bearing comprises an outer ring 1, an outer ring raceway 11, an inner ring 2, an inner ring raceway 22, a steel ball 3, a retainer body 4, a half retainer 44, a ball pocket 5, a flat portion 6, a rivet 7, a rivet hole 8, a shaft 9, a bearing seat 10 and the like.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention is a rolling bearing retainer, including a retainer body 4, where the retainer 4 includes two half retainers 44 arranged in an involutory manner, the two half retainers 44 are fastened and connected by a rivet 7, and a plurality of ball pockets 5 are respectively and uniformly distributed on each half retainer 44, it can be understood that a flat portion 6 is arranged on the half retainer 44 corresponding to between two adjacent ball pockets 5, a rivet hole is arranged on the flat portion 6 in a penetrating manner, and the rivet 7 penetrates through the rivet holes 8 on the two half retainers 44 to fasten and connect the two half retainers 44. It will be appreciated that the pockets 5 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The cooperation sets up steel ball 3 in ball pocket 5, the diameter Dw of steel ball 3, the radius R of ball pocket 5 and the degree of depth H of ball pocket 5 satisfy: R/Dw is more than or equal to 0.543 and more than or equal to 0.531, and H/Dw is more than or equal to 0.512 and more than or equal to 0.505.

In order to provide sufficient strength to the cage 4, the cage 4 is made of mild steel or stainless steel, and the steel ball 3 is made of bearing steel or ceramic or stainless steel.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the invention also discloses a rolling bearing, and the technical scheme is that the rolling bearing comprises the rolling bearing retainer.

Two axial end faces of the rolling bearing are open, and a sealing element is arranged on one axial end face or two axial end faces of the rolling bearing.

The sealing element is made of metal materials, and the sealing element is made of a combination of the metal materials and any one of butadiene acrylonitrile rubber, acrylate rubber, silicon rubber and fluororubber.

The outer peripheral surface of the outer ring of the rolling bearing is a metal smooth surface or is provided with a groove or an attached coating.

Referring to fig. 5a, the cage 4 is typically guided by steel balls 3. The cage 4 is in a free state and rotates clockwise under the guidance of the steel balls 3. That is, the rotational speed of the cage 4 is equal to the revolution rotational speed of the steel balls 3. Under normal operating conditions and normal assembly conditions, each steel ball 3 revolves at the same revolution speed and contacts the cage pockets on the side of the rotational direction, i.e., the side of C1, and each steel ball 3 drives the cage 4 to rotate in the same direction with the same driving force. In fact, the driving force of each steel ball 3 is slightly different due to the difference in the manufacturing accuracy of the bearing parts, but is not enough to break or scatter the cage 4.

However, when the rolling bearing is used for operations with large vibration, unbalanced rotational load and bending moment load, or when the rolling bearing is mounted at a position where the axial lead of the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing is inclined, that is, when the rolling bearing is assembled in an inclined manner, the positions of the steel balls 3 in the circumferential direction are different, the contact angles between the steel balls 3 and the inner ring and the outer ring are also different, so that the distance that some steel balls move forward in unit time is long, and the distance that some steel balls move forward is short. Thus, the situation of fig. 5b, 5c occurs.

Referring to fig. 5B, ball B1 advances a longer distance than ball B2, and ball B1 contacts the cage pocket C1 side to drive the cage to revolve, but ball B2 contacts the cage C2 side to hinder the cage from revolving. Then, the cage 4 has to withstand tensile stress.

Referring to fig. 5C, the ball B1 advances by a shorter distance than the ball B2, and the ball B2 contacts the holder C1 side to drive the holder 4 to revolve. However, the steel ball B1 contacts the holder C2 side and hinders the rotation of the holder 4. Then, the cage 4 has to withstand the compressive stress.

During rotation of the bearing, the cage shown in the case of fig. 5b, 5c is subjected to cyclic tensile and compressive stresses, eventually leading to fracture of the cage.

To eliminate the tensile and compressive stresses to which the cage is subjected in the case of fig. 5b, 5c, for a given steel ball diameter Dw, when the pocket radius R and the pocket depth H simultaneously satisfy the following equation: R/Dw is more than or equal to 0.543 and more than or equal to 0.531, H/Dw is more than or equal to 0.512 and more than or equal to 0.505, the retainer body 4 can obtain reasonable displacement in the circumferential direction, excessive tensile and compressive stress generated in the retainer body 4 is prevented, and the retainer body 4 can be prevented from being broken and even scattering.

Preferably, when the radius R of the ball pocket and the depth H of the ball pocket satisfy the following formula at the same time, the effect of overcoming the breakage of the retainer is better.

0.543≥R/Dw≥0.531，

0.512＞H/Dw≥0.507。

Two end faces of the rolling bearing can be open, namely, the two end faces of the rolling bearing are not provided with any sealing element such as a metal dust cap, a rubber sealing ring and the like, and the condition is suitable for oil lubrication.

One or two terminal surfaces of antifriction bearing set up the sealing member, can prevent that external foreign matter from invading inside the bearing, prevent grease leakage simultaneously, prolong bearing life, and this kind of condition is applicable to the lubricated occasion of grease.

The sealing element is made of a metal material or a combination of the metal material and any one of nitrile rubber, acrylate rubber, silicon rubber and fluororubber. The sealing element made of metal materials has low cost and easy processing, but can only realize non-contact sealing, namely the sealing element has no physical contact with the bearing inner ring 2, and the dustproof performance is general; the sealing element made by combining metal material and rubber can realize contact sealing, namely a rubber sealing lip of the sealing element is contacted with the bearing inner ring 2, so that the dustproof and waterproof performance is good, but the cost is increased.

The method comprises the steps of selecting 9 types of rolling bearings specified by the national standard (GB), wherein the types of the bearings are 6000, 6200, 6202, 6203, 6205, 63/28, 6207, 6302 and 6311 respectively, designing the ball pocket radius R and the ball pocket depth H of a retainer used by the 9 types of bearings respectively by adopting the steel ball diameter (Dw) commonly used in the industry to manufacture rolling bearing samples, then carrying out a life comparison test under the conditions of large vibration and inclined assembly to evaluate the fracture condition of the retainer, and showing the result in figure 6. in the figure, the quality of the evaluation result of the retainer is shown by the life ratio, namely the ratio of the life time (marked by ● symbols) of the retainer of the invention to the life time (marked by × symbols) of the retainer designed in the prior art.

According to the test result of FIG. 6, when the radius R and the depth H of the ball pocket simultaneously satisfy 0.543 ≥ R/Dw ≥ 0.531 and 0.512 ≥ H/Dw ≥ 0.505, the service life of the retainer of the present invention is respectively 2-3.8 times that of the retainer of the existing design.

According to the test result of FIG. 6, when the radius R and the depth H of the ball pocket simultaneously satisfy 0.543 ≥ R/Dw ≥ 0.531 and 0.512 ≥ H/Dw ≥ 0.507, the service life of the retainer of the present invention is respectively 2.8-3.8 times that of the retainer of the existing design.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention relates, several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the above-mentioned structures should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.