阅读说明：本技术 一种用于在盐碱地建造森林公园的方法 (Method for building forest park in saline-alkali soil ) 是由 钱飞 钱宸浩 王竞娴 赵云 王爱民 王朝阳 陈小云 于 2020-05-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于在盐碱地建造森林公园的方法,包括获取盐碱地的地形,绘制生成地形图,土壤取样分析,得到若干个含盐量的数据信息,在地形图上标识出若干个含盐区域,根据含盐区域规划适于建设休息区、布置娱乐区以及种植植被区,获得休息区施工图、娱乐区施工图、植被区施工图,根据数据信息确定适于含盐区域的植被,调整盐碱地中土壤的含盐量,依据休息区施工工序建设休息区,依据娱乐区施工工序建设娱乐区,通过对盐碱地的土壤取样分析含盐量和PH值,形成数据信息,对地形图进行标识,制定适宜于盐碱地的休息区、娱乐区以及植被区,建立适宜于盐碱地的人工森林公园,改善盐碱地的生态环境,减少盐碱地的面积,提高盐碱地的利用率。(The invention discloses a method for building forest parks in saline-alkali soil, which comprises the steps of obtaining the terrain of the saline-alkali soil, drawing and generating a topographic map, sampling and analyzing the soil to obtain a plurality of data information of salt content, identifying a plurality of salt-containing areas on the topographic map, planning a rest area, an entertainment area and a vegetation area according to the salt-containing areas to obtain a rest area construction map, an entertainment area construction map and a vegetation area construction map, determining vegetation suitable for the salt-containing areas according to the data information, adjusting the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil, building the rest area according to the rest area construction procedures, building the entertainment area according to the entertainment area construction procedures, forming data information by sampling and analyzing the salt content and the PH value of the soil of the saline-alkali soil, identifying the topographic map, making the rest area, the entertainment area and the vegetation area suitable for the saline-alkali soil, and building an artificial forest suitable for the saline, the ecological environment of the saline-alkali soil is improved, the area of the saline-alkali soil is reduced, and the utilization rate of the saline-alkali soil is improved.)

1. A method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s100, acquiring the topography of the saline-alkali soil, and drawing to generate a topographic map;

s110, sampling and analyzing the soil of the saline-alkali soil according to the topographic map to obtain a plurality of data information of salt content;

s120, identifying a plurality of salt-containing areas on the topographic map, wherein the salt-containing areas are areas marked with the data information on the topographic map;

s130, according to the saline area plan, the method is suitable for building a rest area, arranging an entertainment area and planting a vegetation area;

s140, obtaining a rest area construction drawing, an entertainment area construction drawing and a vegetation area construction drawing according to the rest area, the entertainment area and the vegetation area planning design;

s150, a rest area construction procedure and an entertainment area construction procedure are formulated according to the rest area construction drawing and the entertainment area construction drawing;

s160, determining vegetation suitable for the saline-alkali resistant area according to the data information, wherein the vegetation is saline-alkali resistant trees, lawns and perennial flowers; wherein the perennial flowers are perennial herbaceous plants which bloom each year after the perennial flowers survive and mature;

s170, adjusting the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil, and planting the vegetation according to the vegetation area construction drawing;

s180, building the rest area according to the rest area construction process, and building the entertainment area according to the entertainment area construction process.

2. Method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterised in that: and in the step S100, a method of total station digital mapping is adopted for generating the topographic map.

3. Method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterised in that: the data information comprises the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil and the pH value of the soil.

4. Method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterised in that: and S170, adjusting the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil by adopting a method of applying farmyard organic fertilizer.

5. Method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterised in that: the trees in S160 comprise Eurya emarginata, white willow, Japanese amorpha, Chinese tamarisk, Morus alba and Malus spectabilis.

6. Method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterised in that: the S160 lawns include Hawaii lawns and Bingjie lawns.

7. Method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterised in that: the perennial flowers in the S160 comprise hosta plantaginea, iris tectorum, canna plantago, buddleia, amorpha fruticosa, mallow red-seed broccoli, lotus chrysanthemum, aster ageratoides, Chinese violet, loosestrife, iris tectorum, iris lactea and hollyhock.

8. Method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterised in that: the vegetation planted in S170 is planted in a region with high salt content.

9. Method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterised in that: the generation of the topographic map in S100 may also adopt a GPS positioning mapping method.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of forest park construction, in particular to a method for constructing a forest park in saline-alkali soil.

Background

The purpose of establishing the forest park is to protect all natural environments and natural resources in the range of the forest park and provide good environments for people to have a rest, recover from diseases, avoid summer heat, culture and entertainment and scientific research. The forest park is a region with a certain scale, which is based on the natural environment of the forest and has beautiful scenery, scientific education and tour rest values, and is scientifically protected and moderately constructed. The forest park is a park constructed mainly by large-area artificial forests or natural forests. The natural park keeps natural landscape. The forest park can protect the natural features of the forest landscape and can be properly tidied and arranged according to the requirements of garden building. The forest in the park is generally only subjected to tending and felling, forest stand reconstruction and other measures, and main felling is not performed.

The saline-alkali soil is a general term for various types of soil which are affected by saline-alkali components in soil, including various saline-alkali soil and alkaline earth and other salinization and alkalization of different degrees. When the accumulation amount of water-soluble salts in the surface layer or subsurface layer of the soil exceeds 1-2 g/kg or the alkalization degree of the soil alkalization layer exceeds 5%, the soil belongs to the range of saline-alkali soil. Saline-alkali soil comprises saline soil, alkaline earth and salinized and alkalized soil with different degrees.

The method has the advantages that the soil structure of the saline-alkali soil is improved, the area of the saline-alkali soil is reduced, the problem that the saline-alkali soil is difficult to overcome is always solved, the purpose of improving or utilizing the saline-alkali soil is achieved by building a forest park to reduce the area of the saline-alkali soil, and no better improvement effect exists in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil, and a greening method suitable for the saline-alkali soil is planned and designed.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized by isomorphism in the following modes:

a method for constructing a forest park in saline and alkaline land, comprising the steps of:

s100, obtaining the terrain of the saline-alkali soil, and drawing to generate a topographic map.

S110, sampling and analyzing the soil of the saline-alkali soil according to the topographic map to obtain a plurality of data information of salt content.

S120, a plurality of salt-containing areas are marked on the topographic map, and the salt-containing areas are marked with data information on the topographic map.

S130, the method is suitable for building a rest area, arranging an entertainment area and planting a vegetation area according to the saline area planning.

S140, according to the plan design of the rest area, the entertainment area and the vegetation area, a rest area construction drawing, an entertainment area construction drawing and a vegetation area construction drawing are obtained.

S150, a rest area construction process and an entertainment area construction process are formulated according to the rest area construction drawing and the entertainment area construction drawing.

S160, determining the vegetation suitable for the saline-alkali area according to the data information, wherein the vegetation is saline-alkali resistant trees, lawns and perennial flowers. Wherein, the perennial flowers are perennial herbaceous plants which bloom each year after the perennial flowers survive and mature.

S170, adjusting the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil, and planting the vegetation according to the vegetation area construction drawing.

S180, building a rest area according to the rest area construction process, and building an entertainment area according to the entertainment area construction process.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: through the survey to the soil sampling analysis salinity and the pH value of saline and alkaline land, obtain different salinity and the pH value in different regions, form data information to carry out the sign to the topographic map according to data information, through planning, design, formulate the rest area, amusement area and the vegetation area that are suitable for the saline and alkaline land, establish the artificial forest park that is suitable for the saline and alkaline land, reach the ecological environment who improves the saline and alkaline land, reduce the area of saline and alkaline land, improve the utilization ratio of saline and alkaline land.

The method is further optimized as follows: and S100, generating a topographic map by adopting a total station digital mapping method.

By adopting the technical scheme, the total station digital mapping has the characteristics of high precision, simple method and short time for mapping the topographic map.

The method is further optimized as follows: the data information comprises the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil and the pH value of the acid and alkali soil.

By adopting the technical scheme, the saline-alkali soil condition is reacted through the salt content of the soil and the acid-base pH value of the soil, and a basis is provided for determining vegetation planted in the saline-alkali soil.

The method is further optimized as follows: s170, adjusting the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil by adopting a method of applying farmyard organic fertilizer.

By adopting the technical scheme, the farmyard organic fertilizer can provide comprehensive biological nutrition for the soil of the saline-alkali soil and is beneficial to providing growth for vegetation growing in the saline-alkali soil.

The method is further optimized as follows: the trees in S160 include Eurya emarginata, white willow, Japanese amorpha, tamarix chinensis, Morus alba and Malus spectabilis.

By adopting the technical scheme, the trees are suitable for growing in the saline-alkali soil, the vitality is vigorous, the soil structure of the saline-alkali soil can be improved by planting in a large area, the area of the saline-alkali soil is reduced, the saline-alkali resistant trees are planted in a large area, an artificial forest park can be formed, and the purposes of greening the environment and improving the environment of the saline-alkali soil are achieved.

The method is further optimized as follows: the S160 lawn includes Hawaii lawn and Bingjie lawn.

By adopting the technical scheme, the macadamia grass and the glume grass are high in adaptability and suitable for growing in saline-alkali soil, and the macadamia grass and the glume grass are planted and trimmed into lawns, so that the macadamia grass and the glume grass are resistant to treading and have extremely high vitality, and can be recovered in a short time after being treaded.

The method is further optimized as follows: the perennial flowers in S160 include hosta plantaginea, iris tectorum, canna plantago, buddleia, amorpha fruticosa, mallow red-queen silkvine, Holland chrysanthemum, aster ageratoides, Chinese violet, loosestrife, iris tectorum, iris lactea and hollyhock.

By adopting the technical scheme, the flowers are suitable for growth of saline-alkali soil, more colors are added for the green environment in the forest park, the varieties of plants in the forest park are enriched, and the environment of the forest park is beautified.

The method is further optimized as follows: the vegetation planted in S170 is planted in areas with high salt content.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, through planting the vegetation in the high area of salt content, can effectively improve the soil structure in saline and alkaline land, prevent that the secret moisture in saline and alkaline land from running off once more, the photosynthesis through vegetation of large tracts of land produces more moisture and oxygen, and moisture falls to the saline and alkaline land underground and can dilutes the salt content in the saline and alkaline area, and oxygen provides the condition of more survivorship for other biological growth in the forest park, has formed good ecological environment.

The method is further optimized as follows: the topographic map generated in S100 may also adopt a GPS positioning mapping method.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method is suitable for measuring the topographic map of the large-area saline-alkali soil, has the characteristics of high positioning precision and wide application, and adopts the GPS to position the topographic map to form the visual and clear topographic map.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present embodiment.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to fig. 1.

A method for building a forest park in saline-alkali soil for improving the soil structure of the saline-alkali soil and reducing the area of the saline-alkali soil as shown in figure 1 comprises the following steps:

s100, obtaining the terrain of the saline-alkali soil, and drawing to generate a topographic map. Specifically, a total station digital mapping method is adopted for generating the topographic map, and the total station digital mapping has the characteristics of high precision, simple method and short topographic map drawing time. The method of GPS positioning mapping can also be adopted for generating the topographic map. The method is suitable for measuring the topographic map of the large-area saline-alkali soil, has the characteristics of high positioning precision and wide application, and the topographic map formed by GPS positioning mapping is visual and clear.

S110, sampling and analyzing the soil of the saline-alkali soil according to the topographic map to obtain a plurality of data information of salt content.

S120, a plurality of salt-containing areas are marked on the topographic map, and the salt-containing areas are marked with data information on the topographic map.

S130, the method is suitable for building a rest area, arranging an entertainment area and planting a vegetation area according to the saline area planning.

S140, according to the plan design of the rest area, the entertainment area and the vegetation area, a rest area construction drawing, an entertainment area construction drawing and a vegetation area construction drawing are obtained.

S150, a rest area construction process and an entertainment area construction process are formulated according to the rest area construction drawing and the entertainment area construction drawing.

S160, determining the vegetation suitable for the saline-alkali area according to the data information, wherein the vegetation is saline-alkali resistant trees, lawns and perennial flowers. Wherein, the perennial flowers are perennial herbaceous plants which bloom each year after the perennial flowers survive and mature. The trees comprise Eurya emarginata, white willow, amorpha fruticosa, tamarix chinensis, Morus alba and Malus spectabilis. The trees are suitable for growing in the saline-alkali soil, the vitality is vigorous, the soil structure of the saline-alkali soil can be improved by planting in a large area, the area of the saline-alkali soil is reduced, the saline-alkali tolerant trees are planted in a large area, an artificial forest park can be formed, and the purposes of greening the environment and improving the environment of the saline-alkali soil are achieved.

S170, adjusting the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil, and planting the vegetation according to the vegetation area construction drawing. Mainly be planting in the high area of salt content, through planting the vegetation in the high area of salt content, can effectively improve the soil structure in saline and alkaline land, prevent that the secret moisture in saline and alkaline land from running off once more, the photosynthesis through vegetation of large tracts of land produces more moisture and oxygen, and moisture falls to saline and alkaline land underground and can dilute the saline and alkaline area intra-area salt content, and oxygen provides the condition of more survivorses for other biological growth in the forest park, has formed good ecological environment.

S180, building a rest area according to the rest area construction process, and building an entertainment area according to the entertainment area construction process.

Specifically, in this embodiment, a method of total station digital mapping is adopted to generate the topographic map. The total station digital mapping has the characteristics of high precision, simple method and short time for mapping the topographic map.

Specifically, the data information includes the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil and the acid-base pH value of the soil. The saline-alkali soil condition is reflected through the salt content of the soil and the acid-base pH value of the soil, and a basis is provided for determining vegetation planted in the saline-alkali soil.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a method of applying a farmyard organic fertilizer is adopted to adjust the salt content of the soil in the saline-alkali soil, specifically, the saline-alkali soil is deeply ploughed, and a decomposed farmyard organic biological fertilizer is applied to the soil, so that the farmyard organic fertilizer can provide comprehensive biological nutrition for the soil in the saline-alkali soil, and is beneficial to providing growth of vegetation growing in the saline-alkali soil. Or under the condition that the biological fertilizer of the farmyard is limited, the organic compound fertilizer can be applied to provide more comprehensive nutrition for the soil of the saline-alkali soil so as to provide vegetation for growth.

Specifically, the lawns used in this embodiment include hawaii lawns and glume lawns. The Hawaii lawn can be suitable for seawater irrigation, and particularly can be suitable for growth in a seaside court. The water-logging resistance is strong, and the plant can still grow after being flooded by seawater and stormwater for a long time. Strong negative resistance, good growth in places with weak illumination such as under forest, few withered grass layers and no need of frequent treatment. The glume grass has certain saline-alkali tolerance, can better complete the life history in the soil with the pH value of 3.0, obtains higher grass yield, contains higher nutrient components in the flowering period, has good feed value, and is the grass food of cattle, sheep and horses. In general, the macadamia grass and the glume grass are high in adaptability and suitable for growing in saline-alkali soil, and the macadamia grass and the glume grass are planted and trimmed to form lawns, so that the macadamia grass and the glume grass have the characteristics of treading resistance and very high vitality, and can be recovered in a short time after being treaded.

Specifically, the perennial flowers in this embodiment include hosta plantaginea, iris tectorum, canna plantago, buddleia, amorpha fruticosa, mallow red-seed, lotus chrysanthemum, aster ageratoides, viola yedoensis, loosestrife, iris tectorum, iris lactea, and hollyhock. The flowers are suitable for growth of saline-alkali soil, more colors are added for the green environment in the forest park, the variety of plants in the forest park is enriched, and the environment of the forest park is beautified.

Specifically, the trees in step S160 include Eurya emarginata, white willow, amorpha japonica, tamarix chinensis, Morus alba and Malus spectabilis, wherein the trees have the following characteristics:

eurya emarginata is an evergreen shrub belonging to Eurya of the Theaceae family, and is distributed in coastal areas in south China. The leaves are thick and leathery, and the shape of the inverted egg or the inverted egg is like a needle, the edge of the inverted egg is provided with fine saw teeth, and the leaves are dark green and glossy. The tree crown is compact, the tree crown is more flat and flat in a natural state, and the tree posture is beautiful. The growing environment is mostly in seaside stone cracks or seaside hillsides, so that the tree species is extremely resistant to barren and drought, strong in wind resistance and resistant to certain saline and alkaline.

The salix alba can grow on the saline soil with the soil salinity of about 0.3% in coastal areas of Shandong, is resistant to water dampness and large in leaf surface transpiration amount, and can effectively reduce the underground water level and prevent secondary salt debt of the soil. The white willow can be used as a common tree species for greening and protecting forest belts on low-humidity saline-alkali soil with the soil salinity of below 1.0%.

The amorpha fruticosa is not a halophyte per se, but has strong salt resistance and saline-alkali resistance, and can survive and grow in coastal saline-alkali areas with the salt content of 0.4471% in soil and the salt content of about 0.3% in rhizosphere soil. However, the salt content of the soil is 0.7134 percent, the root soil is obviously damaged when the salt content reaches about 0.5 percent, the leaf color turns yellow and falls off, the amorpha fruticosa has strong water logging resistance and tsunami resistance, is alkali-resistant, and has the function of improving saline-alkali soil. Under general conditions, the amorpha fruticosa grows normally under the condition that the salt content of soil is below 0.56%, and the establishment of an amorpha fruticosa forest is an effective way for reforming heavy saline-alkali soil.

The tamarix chinensis is a salt secreting plant suitable for growth of saline-alkali soil, and a natural forest grows well under the conditions that the salt content of a soil layer of 0-10 cm is 1.025% and the PH is 8.21. When the salt content of a 1 m soil layer is 0.55%, the cutting afforestation growth is good. When tsunami occurs, tamarix chinensis is not damaged obviously after being soaked in seawater for ten days. Under the condition that the average salt content of a 1-meter soil layer is 3-12%, only a method of ditching deep planting (50 cm) for salt avoidance is adopted, the tamarix chinensis can be successfully afforested in the heavy saline-alkali soil, and the method is an effective measure to be adopted for afforestation of the heavy saline-alkali soil in the desert area.

The mulberry can be planted on saline-alkali land with the salt content of less than 0.3 percent and the pH value of 8.1 in a soil city, is more resistant to waterlogging and can still recover to grow after being soaked in seawater for 20 hours.

The begonia senna is a new cultivated saline-alkali resistant tree species, which can be used for planting common greening tree species and can also be used as a stock for grafting apple trees. Can still normally grow in the soil with the salt content of 0.5-0.6, has the saline-alkali resistance similar to that of the tamarix chinensis, and provides good tree species for greening and developing fruit tree production in saline-alkali areas.

The trees are all suitable for growing in saline-alkali soil, and all the trees are trees which can be selected by building forest parks in the saline-alkali soil, so that the environment can be beautified, and the area of the saline-alkali soil can be reduced.

Through the survey to the soil sampling analysis salinity and the pH value of saline and alkaline land, obtain different salinity and the pH value in different regions, form data information to carry out the sign to the topographic map according to data information, through planning, design, formulate the rest area, amusement area and the vegetation area that are suitable for the saline and alkaline land, establish the artificial forest park that is suitable for the saline and alkaline land, reach the ecological environment who improves the saline and alkaline land, reduce the area of saline and alkaline land, improve the utilization ratio of saline and alkaline land.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the invention, and it is not limited to the invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiment as necessary without inventive contribution after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by the patent law within the scope of the present invention.