阅读说明：本技术 一种大直径救生孔铅直钻进的方法 (Vertical drilling method for large-diameter life-saving hole ) 是由 丁华忠 程合玉 丁同福 童碧 赵俊峰 程志忠 方有向 石德洲 苏明金 文东明 张 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种大直径救生孔铅直钻进的方法,在钻机安装地基上,采用商品混凝土、碎石材料,反复碾压、找平,加强地基支撑强度和地基平整度；钻机安装时,利用水平尺沿水平找平、垂直找直,多位置反复校验,确保钻具在提起自然状态下完全铅直；设计钻孔结构,并根据钻孔结构确定潜孔锤的参数；根据潜孔锤参数,确定钻具组合的方式；设定钻压、转速、风量钻进数值,保证操作过程中参数不变,开始钻进；本发明的大直径救生孔铅直钻进的方法,钻机地基平整牢固,钻机安装时确保钻具处于铅直状态,同时在施工时严格控制好钻压、转速和风量钻进参数,使得钻头承受岩石的各向异性小,钻头处于轴心下压状态,保证了钻具的铅直下行。(The invention discloses a method for vertical drilling of a large-diameter life-saving hole, which is characterized in that commercial concrete and gravel materials are repeatedly rolled and leveled on a drilling machine installation foundation, so that the supporting strength and the flatness of the foundation are enhanced; when the drilling machine is installed, the horizontal ruler is used for leveling horizontally and straightening vertically, and the multi-position repeated calibration ensures that the drilling machine is completely vertical when being lifted naturally; designing a drilling structure, and determining parameters of the down-the-hole hammer according to the drilling structure; determining the mode of the drilling tool assembly according to the down-the-hole hammer parameters; setting drilling pressure, rotating speed and air quantity drilling numerical values, ensuring that parameters in the operation process are unchanged, and starting drilling; the method for vertical drilling of the large-diameter life-saving hole has the advantages that the foundation of the drilling machine is smooth and firm, the drilling tool is ensured to be in the vertical state when the drilling machine is installed, and meanwhile, drilling pressure, rotating speed and air volume drilling parameters are strictly controlled during construction, so that the drill bit bears small anisotropy of rocks, is in the axis pressing state, and is ensured to vertically descend.)

1. A method for vertically drilling a large-diameter life-saving hole is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, mounting the foundation on a drilling machine, repeatedly rolling and leveling by adopting commercial concrete and gravel materials, and enhancing the supporting strength and the flatness of the foundation;

s2, when the drilling machine is installed, the horizontal leveling and vertical alignment are carried out by utilizing the leveling rod, and the multi-position repeated verification is carried out, so that the drilling tool is ensured to be completely vertical under the natural lifting state;

s3, designing a drilling structure, and determining the parameters of the down-the-hole hammer (100) according to the drilling structure;

s4, determining the mode of the drilling tool assembly according to the down-the-hole hammer (100) parameters of S3;

s5, setting the drilling pressure, the rotating speed and the air quantity drilling numerical value to ensure that the parameters are unchanged in the operation process;

and S6, starting drilling.

2. A method of vertical drilling of a large diameter life saving hole according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the hole depth of the drilled hole is 0-170m, and the hole diameter is phi 711 mm.

3. A method of vertical drilling of a large diameter life saving hole according to claim 2, wherein: in step S3, according to the specific size of the drilled hole, the specification of the down-the-hole hammer (100) is determined to be Hyper241, the diameter of the hammer head is phi 711mm, and the diameter of the hammer body is phi 533 mm.

4. A method of vertical drilling of a large diameter life saving hole according to claim 1, wherein: in step S4, the drill tool assembly method specifically includes: the down-the-hole hammer (100) with phi 711 hammer head, the shock absorber (110), the positive and negative joint (120), the phi 740 wind resistance ring (130), the phi 680 centralizer (140) and the phi 219/168mm double-wall drill rod (150) are connected in sequence from bottom to top.

5. A method of vertical drilling of a large diameter life saving hole according to claim 1, wherein: in step S5, the weight on bit is specifically 2-5 tons.

6. A method of vertical drilling of a large diameter life saving hole according to claim 1, wherein: in step S5, the rotation speed is 10-15 r/min.

7. A method of vertical drilling of a large diameter life saving hole according to claim 1, wherein: in step S5, air volume: the down-the-hole hammer (100) works under high-pressure air of 7-15.5bar, and works by using 3-5 air compressors with the model number of 900XHH/1150 XH.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of life-saving hole processes, in particular to a method for vertically drilling a large-diameter life-saving hole.

Background

When a mine accident happens, the drilling rescue is more and more emphasized and more adopted, and a more key technical requirement of the large-diameter drilling rescue is as follows: the drill hole is positioned right above the roadway where the trapped people are, the drill hole is required to be kept as vertical as possible to ensure that the final hole landing point of the drill hole can accurately penetrate through the upper part of the roadway, and the vertical drilling of the drill hole is difficult to realize due to the influence of rock stratum software and stratum inclination in actual implementation.

The spatial position of the drill hole is determined by depth, hole inclination and orientation, and when the inclination measurement data is used for calculating the deviation track of the drill hole, a minimum curvature method is generally adopted, and the method is closer to the real track change condition of the drill hole. The life-saving holes are generally arranged right above the roadway, the width of the roadway is considered according to 3m, so that the displacement of the bottoms of the life-saving holes along the direction perpendicular to the trend of the roadway is not allowed to exceed 1.5m, otherwise, the roadway penetration is difficult to realize, and the displacement exceeds the standard already when the hole depth is 100m and the hole depth is 2 degrees and the hole depth is 200m and the hole inclination is 1 degree. Therefore, the vertical requirement of the large-diameter life-saving hole on the drilling hole is extremely high, and the effective vertical drilling is very important.

Publication No. CN1136126A discloses a drilling method and a drilling machine, wherein a pilot drill rod with a diameter smaller than that of a target drill hole is arranged in the target drill hole, and a drilling tool drills along the pilot drill rod to obtain the target drill hole, and the operation of the drilling machine unit is stopped when the target drill hole is drilled to a first predetermined distance; separating the drilling rig assembly from the foundation and moving the body a distance corresponding to the first predetermined spacing; again fixed relative to the foundation body. It is not suitable for large diameter life saving holes and at the same time it only keeps the drilled hole from deviating and still does not guarantee vertical drilling.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to ensure efficient vertical drilling during drilling of large diameter life saving holes.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for vertically drilling a large-diameter life-saving hole comprises the following steps:

s1, mounting the foundation on a drilling machine, repeatedly rolling and leveling by adopting commercial concrete and gravel materials, and enhancing the supporting strength and the flatness of the foundation;

s2, when the drilling machine is installed, the horizontal leveling and vertical alignment are carried out by utilizing the leveling rod, and the multi-position repeated verification is carried out, so that the drilling tool is ensured to be completely vertical under the natural lifting state;

s3, designing a drilling structure, and determining parameters of the down-the-hole hammer according to the drilling structure;

s4, determining the mode of the drilling tool assembly according to the down-the-hole hammer parameters of S3;

s5, setting drilling pressure, rotating speed and air quantity drilling parameters, and ensuring the parameters to be unchanged in the operation process;

and S6, starting drilling.

The advantages are that: the foundation of the drilling machine is flat and firm, the drilling machine is ensured to be in a vertical state when the drilling machine is installed, and drilling parameters of drilling pressure, rotating speed and air volume are strictly controlled during construction, so that the drill bit bears small anisotropy of rocks, is in an axis pressing-down state, and ensures vertical downward movement of the drilling machine.

Preferably, in step S3, the hole depth of the drilled hole is 0-170m, and the hole diameter is 711 mm.

Preferably, in step S3, according to the specific size of the drilled hole, the specification of the down-the-hole hammer is determined to be Hyper241, the diameter of the hammer head is determined to be phi 711mm, and the diameter of the hammer body is determined to be phi 533 mm.

Preferably, in step S4, the drilling tool is specifically configured as follows: the drill pipe comprises a down-the-hole hammer with a phi 711 hammer head, a shock absorber, a positive and negative connector, a phi 740 wind resistance ring, a phi 680 centralizer and a phi 219/168mm double-wall drill pipe which are sequentially connected from bottom to top.

Preferably, in step S5, the weight on bit is specifically 2-5 tons.

Preferably, in step S5, the rotation speed is 10-15 r/min.

Preferably, in step S5, the air volume: the down-the-hole hammer works under the high-pressure air of 7-15.5bar, and works by using 3-5 air compressors with the model number of 900XHH/1150 XH.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the foundation of the drilling machine is smooth and firm, and the drilling machine is installed to ensure that the drilling tool is in a vertical state when naturally lowered;

the drilling tool assembly is specifically provided with a centralizer and a damper device, when the axis of the drilling tool is inconsistent with the vertical axis of the drilling hole, the drilling hole deflects, particularly the annular space between the large-diameter drilling hole and the drilling tool is large, a space is provided for the side deflection of the drilling tool, and the centralizer ensures that the down-the-hole hammer can vertically descend;

during construction, drilling parameters of bit pressure and rotation speed need to be strictly controlled, so that the anisotropy of rock borne by the drill bit is small, the drill bit is in an axis pressing state, and the drilling tool is guaranteed to vertically move downwards.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a drilling tool assembly according to the present embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings attached to the specification.

The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

The embodiment discloses a method for vertically drilling a large-diameter life-saving hole, which comprises the following steps:

s1, mounting the foundation on a drilling machine, repeatedly rolling and leveling by adopting commercial concrete and gravel materials, and enhancing the supporting strength and the flatness of the foundation;

s2, when the drilling machine is installed, the horizontal leveling and vertical alignment are carried out by utilizing the leveling rod, and the multi-position repeated verification is carried out, so that the drilling tool is ensured to be completely vertical under the natural lifting state;

s3, designing a drilling structure, and determining the parameters of the down-the-hole hammer 100 according to the drilling structure;

s4, determining the mode of the drilling tool assembly according to the parameters of the down-the-hole hammer 100 of S3;

s5, setting the drilling pressure, the rotating speed and the air quantity drilling numerical value to ensure that the parameters are unchanged in the operation process;

and S6, starting drilling.

Taking the collapse accident of the Shandong Pingyi gypsum mine as an example, the specific vertical drilling method of the 5# large-diameter lifesaving hole is as follows:

backfilling a gravel layer with the thickness of 300mm in a drilling rig site, pouring C30 commercial concrete, and leveling by adopting a horizontal ruler; the rig mounting port platform is leveled horizontally and the rig mast is vertically straightened, which ensures that it is in a vertical position when in the natural down position.

The structure of designing the large-aperture lifesaving hole is as follows: the hole depth is 0-170m, the hole diameter is phi 711mm, thus adopting the Hyper241 type down-the-hole hammer 100, the diameter of the hammer head is phi 711mm, and the diameter of the hammer body is phi 533 mm.

The design of the drilling tool combination is mainly considered from deviation prevention and straight maintenance, firstly, the weight-added drilling tools are added, and the number of the weight-added drilling tools is increased to 4, and is increased by nearly 3 tons; secondly, the length of the centralizing drill is increased, and the total length is 11.46 m; thirdly, the diameter of the drill bit assembly for centralizing is increased, the grade difference between centralizing and drill bits is reduced as much as possible, and a drill bit with phi 711mm is additionally provided with a centralizer 140 with phi 680 mm;

referring to fig. 1, the drilling assembly is embodied as follows: the down-the-hole hammer comprises a phi 711 hammer head down-the-hole hammer 100, a shock absorber 110, a positive and negative joint 120, a phi 740 wind resistance ring 130, four phi 680 centralizers 140 and a plurality of phi 219/168mm double-wall drill pipes 150 which are sequentially connected from bottom to top.

Drilling parameters are determined, mainly considering the vertical drilling and considering the drilling efficiency:

bit pressure, setting the bit pressure to be 2-5t, wherein the bit pressure does not exceed 2/3 of the weight of the weighted drilling tool generally, and the total weight of the weighted drilling tool is 10 t;

the rotating speed is generally controlled to be 10-15r/min during actual construction;

the air quantity of the Hyper241 type down-the-hole hammer 100 works under the action of high-pressure air of 7-15.5bar, so 3-5 air compressors with the service life of 900XHH/1150XH are needed.

During actual construction, three shifts of alternate operation are adopted, each shift refers to the drilling parameters, slow drilling is performed under light pressure, and the three shifts of operation parameters are ensured to be consistent.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present invention.