阅读说明：本技术 采用水交换增养方式的水体养殖系统和养殖方法 (Water body culture system and culture method adopting water exchange culture increasing mode ) 是由 关曜忠 关广联 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种采用水交换增养方式的水体养殖系统和养殖方法。本发明的水体养殖系统包括养殖池、容纳于养殖池中的养殖水体、以及向养殖水体中曝气增氧的装置,其中,养殖水体划分为水体上部、水体中部和水体下部,且养殖水体中含有能进行光和作用的藻类或水生菌类；本发明的水体养殖系统进一步包括有将水体上部高溶解氧量的水输送至水体下部的输送装置。采用本发明的水体养殖系统和养殖方法,可以尽可能地利用水体自身产生的溶解氧来氧化水体的氨氮、亚硝酸盐,提高了藻类光合作用产生溶解氧的利用率,也提高了水体中溶解氧,大大地降低了增氧成本。(The invention discloses a water body culture system and a culture method adopting a water exchange culture increasing mode. The water body culture system comprises a culture pond, a culture water body contained in the culture pond and a device for aerating and oxygenating the culture water body, wherein the culture water body is divided into an upper water body part, a middle water body part and a lower water body part, and the culture water body contains algae or aquatic fungi capable of performing light and action; the water body culture system further comprises a conveying device for conveying the water with high dissolved oxygen amount at the upper part of the water body to the lower part of the water body. By adopting the water body culture system and the culture method, the dissolved oxygen generated by the water body can be utilized to oxidize ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body as much as possible, the utilization rate of the dissolved oxygen generated by the photosynthesis of algae is improved, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is also improved, and the oxygenation cost is greatly reduced.)

1. A water body culture system for improving the utilization efficiency of dissolved oxygen in a water body by adopting water exchange culture, which comprises a culture pond, a culture water body contained in the culture pond and a device for aerating and oxygenating the culture water body; the cultivation water body is divided into an upper water body part, a middle water body part and a lower water body part, and algae or aquatic fungi capable of performing light and action are contained in the cultivation water body; the system is characterized by further comprising a conveying device for conveying water with high dissolved oxygen content at the upper part of the water body to the lower part of the water body.

2. The aquaculture system of claim 1, further comprising a sensing device for sensing the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water.

3. The water body culture system of claim 1, wherein the conveying device comprises a conveying cylinder, a water scooping cylinder and a water flow driving member in the water scooping cylinder; wherein, the top or the circumferential wall of the water drawing cylinder is provided with a water inlet hole, and the water drawing cylinder is arranged below the water surface.

4. The water body culture system of claim 3, wherein the water scooping barrel is arranged on the top of the conveying barrel or is integrally formed with the conveying barrel.

5. The water body culture system of claim 3, wherein the water flow drive is a water pump secured within the water scooping cartridge.

6. The water body culture system of claim 3, wherein the water flow driving member comprises a driving shaft and an impeller, wherein the driving shaft extends through the water scooping barrel, the driving shaft is pivotally connected with the water scooping barrel, and the impeller is positioned in the delivery barrel.

7. The aquatic system of claim 3, wherein the delivery cylinder is a water-oxygen mixing cylinder, and an oxygen aeration head of the aeration and oxygenation device and/or a filler are/is arranged in the water-oxygen mixing cylinder.

8. The water body culture system of claim 3, wherein a water conduit and/or a water outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the conveying cylinder.

9. A water body culture system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the transporter further comprises a float and a bracket fixedly connected to the float, and the transporter is fixedly connected to the bracket.

10. A method of aquaculture in a body of water using the system of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a water body culture increasing system and method; more particularly, the present invention relates to an enhanced system and method for delivering oxygen-enriched water from an upper portion of a body of water to an aerobic zone in a lower portion of the body of water.

Background

The bottom of the aquaculture water body, such as the bottom of an aquaculture pond, is a place where excrement of fishes and shrimps and animal and plant corpses are accumulated, and is also a place where aquatic bacteria are propagated in large quantities, and the bacteria include aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria (such as vibrio). The dissolved oxygen content in the water body is high, so that the aerobic flora is in an advantageous position, and the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite can be converted into nitrate. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen amount at the bottom of the aquaculture water body directly determines the quality of the water, but the bottom of the aquaculture water body is the most anoxic place.

The traditional oxygenation mode mainly comprises: a water-spraying type aerator, a waterwheel type booster, an impeller type aerator, a surging machine, a water plowing machine and the like, which aerate water and push the water to flow by mechanical stirring so as to increase the dissolved oxygen in water. However, the conventional oxygenation methods have the problems that water basically flows along the horizontal direction, and basically no water flow spreads to the bottom of the aquaculture water body, so that the bottom of the aquaculture water body which needs oxygenation most can only obtain limited oxygenation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a water body culture system and a culture method capable of improving the utilization rate of dissolved oxygen.

In order to realize the aim of the invention, the invention discloses a water body culture system for improving the utilization of dissolved oxygen, which comprises a culture pond, a culture water body contained in the culture pond and a device for aerating and oxygenating the culture water body; wherein the aquaculture water body can be divided into an upper water body part, a middle water body part and a lower water body part, and the aquaculture water body contains algae or aquatic fungi capable of performing light and action; the water body culture system further comprises a conveying device for conveying the water with high dissolved oxygen content at the upper part of the water body to the lower part of the water body.

For the water body culture system, when the sunlight is sufficient, a device for aerating and oxygenating culture water body does not need to be started generally. At the moment, the algae in the water body performs photosynthesis to generate a large amount of dissolved oxygen and gather in the upper area of the water body, so that the water on the upper part of the water body is only conveyed to the lower part of the water body, the dissolved oxygen amount at the bottom of the aquaculture water body is increased, the requirements of aerobic flora are met, and the conversion of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite to relatively harmless nitrate is promoted.

In the water body with sufficient photosynthesis, the dissolved oxygen amount in the upper area is often in a supersaturated state, at the moment, a mechanical stirring oxygen increasing or inflating oxygen increasing mode is started, the supersaturated equilibrium state of the dissolved oxygen can be destroyed by stirring of water flow, and therefore the supersaturated dissolved oxygen is volatilized into the air, so that the oxygen cannot be increased, and the water body can play a negative role and release the supersaturated dissolved oxygen into the air. Therefore, at the moment, the traditional mechanical oxygenation or aeration oxygenation mode is started, and not only oxygenation is not carried out, but also the existing supersaturated dissolved oxygen is damaged.

In fact, in aquaculture ponds, over 75% of the dissolved oxygen is supplied by algae through photosynthesis. The inventor has performed a dissolved oxygen test on a water body in which fish and shrimp are not cultured: the maximum dissolved oxygen can reach 27 mg/L at the water temperature of 30 ℃, even if the flower is consumed overnight, the next day is still 16 mg/L by re-measurement when the flower is immediately bright (the dissolved oxygen is the lowest at this time), and the theoretical saturated dissolved oxygen at the water temperature of 30 ℃ is only 7.56 mg/L.

The water body culture system can also solve the following problems: along with the increase of the eutrophication level of the water body, the algae breed greatly, the transparency of the water body becomes low, and the lower layer water can not obtain dissolved oxygen through photosynthesis; the water body culture system of the invention is to directly send the water with high dissolved oxygen at the upper layer to the bottom of the pond, more effectively wash the bottom of the pond with the water with high dissolved oxygen and increase oxygen downwards.

Certainly, at night and in rainy days, particularly in continuous cloudy days, the water body culture system can be started to aerate and oxygenate the culture water body because no photosynthesis or weak photosynthesis exists and the dissolved oxygen in the upper layer of the water body is low. For example, aeration, and preferably pure oxygen aeration, is provided in the water stream.

Preferably, in the aquatic system of the present invention, a detection device for detecting the amount of dissolved oxygen in water is further included. The detection device can respectively detect the dissolved oxygen amounts of the upper part of the water body, the middle part of the water body and the lower part of the water body, and can also only detect a certain area.

For example, when the dissolved oxygen amount at the lower part or the bottom of the water body is detected to be lower than a certain value, the conveying device can be started to convey the water rich in the dissolved oxygen at the upper part of the water body to the lower part or the bottom; and when the dissolved oxygen amount in the lower part or the bottom of the water body is detected to be higher than a certain value, the water rich in the dissolved oxygen in the upper part of the water body can be temporarily stopped being conveyed to the lower part or the bottom.

For another example, when the dissolved oxygen amount at the upper part of the water body is detected to be lower than a certain value, aeration oxygen increasing is needed to be carried out on the aquaculture water body, and then the aeration oxygen increasing device can be started; when the dissolved oxygen amount of the upper part of the water body is detected to be higher than a certain value (the supersaturation reaches a certain state), the aeration oxygenation device does not need to be started.

Generally, for the aquatic farming system of the present invention, the upper part of the body of water means an area 5 to 80 cm below the water surface, preferably an area 10 to 60 cm below the water surface, more preferably an area 10 to 30 cm below the water surface; the lower part of the water body is an area 0-60 cm away from the bottom surface of the culture pond, preferably an area 0-40 cm away from the bottom surface of the culture pond, and more preferably an area 5-30 cm away from the bottom surface of the culture pond.

In the water body culture system, the conveying device can be various, as long as the water at the upper part of the water body can be conveyed to the lower part of the water body, and the water body is not greatly disturbed as far as possible.

In the water body culture system, the conveying device may include a conveying cylinder, a water drawing cylinder and a water flow driving member located in the water drawing cylinder; wherein, the top or the circumferential wall of the water drawing cylinder is provided with a water inlet hole and is arranged below the water surface. The water sucking cylinder is used for sucking water on the upper part of the water body, and the water flow driving piece conveys the water on the upper part of the water body sucked by the water sucking cylinder to the lower part of the water body through the conveying cylinder.

The shape and form of the swabbing tub may also be varied. For example, in the water body culture system, the water drawing cylinder can be arranged at the top of the conveying cylinder, or can be integrally formed with the conveying cylinder, or can be separated from the top of the conveying cylinder by a certain distance, and the middle of the water drawing cylinder is connected with the top of the conveying cylinder through the water guide pipe.

In the aquaculture system of the present invention, as an embodiment of the water flow driving member, it may be a water pump fixed in the water drawing barrel.

In the water body culture system, as another embodiment of the water flow driving member, the water flow driving member may comprise a driving shaft and an impeller, wherein the driving shaft extends out through the water drawing barrel, the driving shaft is pivoted with the water drawing barrel, and the impeller is positioned in the conveying barrel.

In the water body culture system of the present invention, the transfer cylinder and the shape and form are also various as long as it is convenient to receive the water from the water scooping cylinder and smoothly transfer the water to the lower part of the water body. For example, in order to reduce disturbance, the water outlet of the conveying cylinder can be provided with a flared shape which expands outwards; for another example, to reduce disturbance, the outlet direction of the delivery cylinder outlet is set to be as substantially parallel to the bottom of the culture pond as possible.

In one embodiment, the delivery tube may be an elongated water conduit, but the top of the delivery tube is flared to facilitate connection to the pump tube, and the outlet is flared.

As another specific embodiment, the conveying cylinder can be a water-oxygen mixing cylinder, and an oxygen aeration head of the aeration and oxygenation device and/or a filler are/is arranged in the water-oxygen mixing cylinder.

Preferably, in the aquaculture system of the present invention, pure oxygen is preferably used for aeration or aeration. Research shows that dissolved oxygen in a water body can meet the requirement of rapid growth of fishes and shrimps only by guiding the dissolved oxygen to be more than 6-8 mg/L. However, when the water temperature is higher, the value is close to the saturated dissolved oxygen (the saturated capacity is 7.56 mg/L at 30 ℃), the efficiency of ordinary aeration oxygenation is extremely low, the aim of rapid oxygenation can be achieved only by using pure oxygen, and the cost is low. For example, this application can make the aquatic dissolved oxygen volume of equipment of flowing through promote 5 ~ 15 mg/L when using the pure oxygen, makes water outlet department and rivers flow through the place around dissolved oxygen volume improve rapidly.

Further, the delivery cylinder itself may be connected at its bottom with a water conduit and/or a water outlet pipe.

In the aquatic system of the present invention, the conveyor may further include a fixing device for fixing it in the aquatic water. For example, the delivery device further comprises a float and a bracket fixedly connected with the float, and the delivery cartridge is fixedly connected with the bracket.

On the other hand, in order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention also provides a water body culture method, which adopts the water body culture system.

In the invention, ozone can be used for sterilizing the water body regularly so as to reduce the use of the bactericide.

By adopting the water body culture system and the culture method, the utilization rate of dissolved oxygen generated by algae photosynthesis is improved, the oxygen aeration cost is greatly reduced, and supersaturated dissolved oxygen in water can volatilize when mechanical oxygen aeration and aeration oxygen aeration are carried out on the water body at inappropriate time; by adopting the water body culture system and the culture method, the dissolved oxygen generated by the water body can be utilized as much as possible to oxidize ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is improved, and the high dissolved oxygen can stabilize the water quality and reduce the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite, so that the fluctuation of the pH value is extremely small; by adopting the water body culture system and the culture method, the diseases can be reduced, because most pathogenic bacteria are anaerobic bacteria or anoxybiotic bacteria (such as vibrio), the high dissolved oxygen can effectively control the propagation of the pathogenic bacteria; by adopting the water body culture system and the culture method, the dissolved oxygen in the water body can be sufficient, so that the fishes and shrimps have good appetite, more eating, good digestion and absorption and high growth speed, the bait coefficient is greatly reduced, and the cost is saved. In addition, when aeration and oxygenation are needed, the oxygen aeration device adopts pure oxygen for oxygenation, can achieve the purpose of rapid oxygenation, and is low in cost.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are illustrative of certain specific embodiments of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Any changes or modifications on the basis of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the apparatus for enhanced utilization and/or oxygenation of dissolved oxygen of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the apparatus for increasing dissolved oxygen utilization and/or oxygenation of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the apparatus for increasing dissolved oxygen utilization and/or oxygenation of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the apparatus for increasing dissolved oxygen utilization and/or oxygenation of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of the apparatus for increasing dissolved oxygen utilization and/or oxygen enrichment of the present invention.

Detailed Description