阅读说明：本技术 一种厚大矿体分段凿岩阶段空场嗣后充填采矿法 (Open stope subsequent filling mining method for sectioned rock drilling stage of thick and large ore body ) 是由 周礼 曾令义 魏威 林卫星 欧任泽 詹进 江科 万孝衡 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公布了一种厚大矿体分段凿岩阶段空场嗣后充填采矿法,垂直于矿体走向布置采场,一步骤采场和二步骤采场间隔布置,先采一步骤采场并充填采空区,再回采二步骤采场并充填空区；一步骤采场回采时先回采最上一个分段,通过控制各正排炮孔孔底位置在回采崩落矿体的同时在上部形成楔形顶柱,最上一个分段爆破完毕后再同时回采以下各分段,整个一步骤采场回采完毕后采用高强度充填体充填；一步骤采场充填体强度达到设计指标后开始二步骤回采,二步骤采场回采时各分段同时回采,回采完毕后采用低强度充填体充填。本发明具有采场充填接顶工艺简单、接顶质量有保证、接顶率高,能有效改善二步骤采场回采安全等优点。(The invention discloses an open stope subsequent filling mining method in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick and large ore body, which is characterized in that stopes are arranged perpendicular to the trend of the ore body, the stopes in one step and the stopes in two steps are arranged at intervals, the stopes in one step are mined and filled with goafs, and then the stopes in two steps are stoped and filled with the goafs; firstly, stoping the uppermost section during stoping of the stope, forming a wedge-shaped top pillar on the upper part of the stope while stoping the caving ore body by controlling the bottom positions of the blast holes of each positive row, stoping the following sections simultaneously after blasting of the uppermost section is finished, and filling the stope with a high-strength filling body after stoping of the stope in the whole step is finished; and starting two-step stoping after the strength of the filling body of the stope reaches a design index, stoping each section simultaneously when stoping of the stope of the two steps, and filling by using a low-strength filling body after stoping is finished. The invention has the advantages of simple stope filling and roof connecting process, guaranteed roof connecting quality, high roof connecting rate, capability of effectively improving stope stoping safety of a two-step stope and the like.)

1. The utility model provides a thick and big ore body segmentation rock drilling stage open stope afterwards filling mining method which characterized in that: stopes are arranged perpendicular to the trend of the ore body, the stopes in the first step and the stopes in the second step are arranged at intervals, the stopes in the first step are mined and filled with goafs, and then the stopes in the second step are stoped and filled with goafs; firstly, stoping the uppermost section during stoping of the stope, stoping the following sections simultaneously after blasting of the uppermost section is finished, and filling by using a high-strength filling body after stoping of the stope in the whole step is finished; and starting two-step stoping after the strength of the filling body of the stope reaches a design index, stoping each section simultaneously when stoping of the stope of the two steps, and filling by using a low-strength filling body after stoping is finished.

2. The open-stope subsequent-filling mining method for the sectioned rock drilling stage of the thick ore body according to claim 1, wherein the open-stope subsequent-filling mining method comprises the following steps: when the top subsection of the stope is stoped, the cutting groove is arranged at the junction position of the ore body lower wall ore rock of the stope, the bottoms of the deep hole blast holes in each row of the front row of the top subsection are gradually reduced by taking the position of the cutting groove as a vertex, the deep hole blast in the front row takes the cutting groove as a free surface and a compensation space to perform backward blasting from the lower wall to the upper wall direction, a wedge-shaped support pillar is formed at the upper part while the ore body is caved, and the caved ore is shoveled out from the subsection rock drilling roadway by adopting a shovel conveyor.

3. The open-stope subsequent-filling mining method for the sectioned rock drilling stage of the thick ore body according to claim 1, wherein the open-stope subsequent-filling mining method comprises the following steps: and when the sections below the uppermost section of the first-step stope and the stope of the second-step stope are stoped, retreating stoping is carried out from the upper disc to the lower disc, the medium-length holes of the upper section are in stepped stoping blasting in a manner of advancing a certain array distance from the medium-length holes of the lower section, stoping is carried out on each section simultaneously, and stoping caving ores are shoveled out from a bottom ore discharge structure by adopting a scraper.

4. The open-stope subsequent-filling mining method for the sectioned rock drilling stage of the thick ore body according to claim 1, wherein the open-stope subsequent-filling mining method comprises the following steps: in order to meet the requirement that personnel and equipment enter and exit when the uppermost subsection of the first-step stope is stoped, the end parts of the subsection rock drilling roadways of the uppermost subsection of the first-step stope and the uppermost subsection of the second-step stope are communicated by adopting a communication roadway.

5. The open-stope subsequent-filling mining method for the sectioned rock drilling stage of the thick ore body according to claim 1, wherein the open-stope subsequent-filling mining method comprises the following steps: the filling return air raise of the stope in the first step is arranged at the upper part of the uppermost segmented cutting groove and is connected with the filling return air gallery through the filling return air connecting gallery, and natural filling and roof contacting can be achieved due to the wedge-shaped top pillar during stope filling in the first step.

6. The open-stope subsequent-filling mining method for the sectioned rock drilling stage of the thick ore body according to claim 2, wherein the open-stope subsequent-filling mining method comprises the following steps: the hole bottoms of the deep holes in each row of the positive rows of the uppermost subsection of the stope in the one step are uniformly and linearly reduced according to the thickness and the row spacing of the ore body and the height difference between the deep holes in the first row of the positive rows and the deep hole bottoms in the last row of the positive rows.

7. The open-stope subsequent-filling mining method for the sectioned rock drilling stage of the thick ore body according to claim 4, wherein the open-stope subsequent-filling mining method comprises the following steps: the communication roadway is positioned at the junction of the hanging wall rock on the ore body.

8. The open-stope subsequent-filling mining method for the sectioned rock drilling stage of the thick ore body according to claim 6, wherein the open-stope subsequent-filling mining method comprises the following steps: and in the step, the height difference between the bottoms of the deep holes in the first row of the positive rows and the deep holes in the last row of the positive rows is 3-5 m.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of underground mining, and particularly relates to an open stope subsequent filling mining method in a sectioned rock drilling stage of a thick and large ore body, which is particularly suitable for stoping of the thick and large ore body with medium stability and above in ore rocks.

Background

The open stope subsequent filling mining method in the subsection rock drilling stage is one of the main mining methods for the stoping of thick and large ore bodies with stable ore rocks. The method comprises the steps of dividing an ore body into sections, constructing upward sector-shaped medium-length holes in a sectional rock drilling roadway, withdrawing each section from an upper disc to a lower disc simultaneously, blasting the upper section in a step-withdrawing manner in advance of the lower section for a certain row distance, and discharging the caving ore mainly from a bottom ore removal structure. The method has the advantages of large production capacity of the stope, high efficiency, low cost and the like, thereby having wide application. For thick and large ore bodies, in order to reduce the loss of ore pillars and reduce the filling cost, the stoping is generally carried out in two steps, high-strength filling bodies are adopted for filling after the stoping of a stope in one step is finished, and then the stope in the two steps is stoped. The filling body of the stope in the first step is used as an artificial ore pillar in the stope in the second step. In order to ensure the safety of the two-step stoping operation, the stope in one step needs to ensure the top contact of filling, and the top contact of filling in the stope is a common problem in the prior mine. In order to ensure stope filling and roof contacting, mine engineering technicians currently adopt a plurality of means including: the method comprises the steps of multi-point blanking, forced roof-contacting by pumping, expansion roof-contacting and the like, but the filling roof-contacting rate and the roof-contacting quality cannot be effectively ensured in practice, so that a stope caving site is frequently generated during stope stoping in the two steps, the ore loss and dilution rate is increased, and the stope stoping safety risk is increased.

Therefore, the invention provides an open stope subsequent filling mining method in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick and large ore body, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the open stope subsequent filling mining method in the sectional rock drilling stage has low roof-contacting quality in one step, and the stope mining process in two steps is caused by the low roof-contacting quality.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an open stope subsequent filling mining method in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick and large ore body, which comprises the following steps:

the utility model provides a thick and big ore body segmentation rock drilling stage open stope afterwards filling mining method which characterized in that: stopes are arranged perpendicular to the trend of the ore body, the stopes in the first step and the stopes in the second step are arranged at intervals, the stopes in the first step are mined and filled with goafs, and then the stopes in the second step are stoped and filled with goafs; firstly, stoping the uppermost section during stoping of the stope, stoping the following sections simultaneously after blasting of the uppermost section is finished, and filling by using a high-strength filling body after stoping of the stope in the whole step is finished; and starting two-step stoping after the strength of the filling body of the stope reaches a design index, stoping each section simultaneously when stoping of the stope of the two steps, and filling by using a low-strength filling body after stoping is finished.

Further, when the top subsection of the stope is stoped, the cutting groove is arranged at the boundary position of ore rocks on the lower wall of the stope body, the bottoms of the deep hole blast holes in each row of the front row of the top subsection are gradually arranged and reduced by taking the position of the cutting groove as a vertex, the deep hole blast in the front row takes the cutting groove as a free surface and a compensation space to perform backward blasting from the lower wall to the upper plate direction, a wedge-shaped top pillar is formed on the upper part while the ore body is caved, and the caved ore is shoveled out from the subsection rock drilling roadway by adopting a scraper.

Furthermore, when the sections below the uppermost section of the stope in the first step and the stope in the second step are stoped, the stope is retreated from the upper disc to the lower disc, the medium-length hole of the upper section is in front of the medium-length hole of the lower section by a certain arrangement distance and is in stepped stope blasting, the sections are stoped simultaneously, and stope caving ores are shoveled out from a bottom ore discharging structure by a shoveling and conveying machine.

And further, in order to meet the requirement that personnel and equipment enter and exit when the uppermost subsection of the first-step stope is stoped, the end parts of the subsection rock drilling roadways of the uppermost subsection of the first-step stope and the second-step stope are communicated by adopting a communication roadway.

Furthermore, the filling return air raise of the stope in the step is arranged at the upper part of the uppermost segmented cutting groove and is connected with the filling return air gallery through a filling return air connecting gallery, and natural filling and roof contacting can be achieved due to the existence of the wedge-shaped top pillar during stope filling in the step.

Further, the hole bottoms of the deep holes in each row of the positive rows of the uppermost subsection of the stope in the step are uniformly and linearly reduced according to the thickness and the row spacing of the ore body and the height difference between the deep holes in the first row of the positive rows and the deep hole bottoms in the last row of the positive rows.

Further, the communication roadway is located at the junction of the hanging rocks on the ore body.

Preferably, the height difference between the deep holes in the first row of the positive row and the bottom of the deep holes in the last row of the positive row is 3-5 m.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art and the method, the open stoping subsequent filling mining method for the sectioned rock drilling stage of the thick ore body provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the filling and roof-contacting quality is guaranteed, the roof-contacting rate is high, and the safety of mine production, particularly the stoping process of a two-step stope, can be effectively improved. The groove is pulled from the middle position when the top subsection of the stope is stoped in one step, the wedge-shaped top pillar is formed when blasting ore caving is carried out by controlling the hole bottom of the front row of blast holes, blanking and filling are carried out from the highest position when the stope is filled, the filling and top-contacting quality is guaranteed, the filling and top-contacting rate of the stope in one step is high, and the stope operation safety in two steps can be effectively guaranteed.

(2) The stope filling and roof connecting process is simple. The methods of multi-point blanking, pumping forced roof-contacting, expansion roof-contacting and the like are not needed.

(3) The filling air return connection tunnel engineering quantity is small. In the first step, the uppermost section of the stope is stoped from the lower wall to the upper wall, and the filling return air shaft is arranged close to the lower wall, so that the filling return air roadway connection engineering quantity can be effectively reduced.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view of an open stope subsequent filling mining method in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick ore body (stope mining in one step);

FIG. 2 is a B-B section view of an elevation view (one-step stope stoping) of an open stope subsequent filling mining method in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick ore body (the uppermost one of the stopes in one step is stoped);

FIG. 3 is a B-B section view of an elevation view (stope stoping in one step) of an open stope subsequent filling mining method in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick ore body (stope stoping in the top section and below the top section in one step);

FIG. 4 is a C-C section view of an elevation view (one-step stope) of an open stope subsequent filling mining method in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick and large ore body, provided by the invention;

FIG. 5 is a D-D cross-sectional view of an open stope subsequent filling mining method elevation (one-step stope) in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick ore body, provided by the invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of an open stope subsequent filling mining method (two-step stope) in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick and large ore body provided by the invention;

FIG. 7 is an E-E cross-sectional view of an open stope subsequent filling mining method elevation (two-step stope) in a sectional rock drilling stage of a thick and large ore body according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1-middle section transportation lane; 2-sectional transportation lane; 3-drilling a rock roadway in sections; 4-filling an air return connecting roadway; 5-filling a return air raise; 6-pass shaft; 7-ore removal haulage roadway; 8-ore removal and access; 9-deep holes in a positive row; 10-ore caving; 11-a top pillar; 12-drawing a bottom ore receiving roadway; 13-connecting the roadway; 14-filling body.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-7, the stope is arranged perpendicular to the trend of the ore body, the stope in one step and the stope in two steps are arranged at intervals, and the main mining-preparation cutting project comprises a middle section transportation lane 1, a subsection transportation lane 2, a subsection rock drilling lane 3, a filling return air connection lane 4, a filling return air raise 5, a drop shaft 6, a ore removal transportation lane 7, an ore removal approach 8, a bottom-drawing ore receiving lane 12 and a connection lane 13. In order to meet the requirement that personnel and equipment enter and exit during the top subsection stoping of the first-step stope, the end parts of the subsection rock drilling roadway 3 of the top subsection of the first-step stope and the second-step stope are communicated through a communication roadway 13, and the communication roadway 13 is located at the junction of the hanging wall rock on the ore body. And a filling return air raise 5 of the stope in the step is arranged at the upper part of the uppermost subsection cutting groove and is connected with a filling return air gallery through a filling return air connecting gallery 4.

During stoping, the stope of the first step is stoped and the goaf is filled, and then the stope of the second step is stoped and the goaf is filled. Firstly stoping the uppermost section during stoping of a stope, when stoping the uppermost section, arranging a cutting groove at the boundary position of ore rocks on a lower tray of an ore body of the stope, gradually arranging and reducing the bottoms of blast holes 9 in each row of deep holes in the uppermost section by taking the position of the cutting groove as a vertex, and carrying out backward blasting from the lower tray to the upper tray direction by taking the cutting groove as a free surface and a compensation space during blasting of the deep holes 9 in the rows, wherein a wedge-shaped support pillar 11 is formed at the upper part while caving the ore body, and the caving ore 10 is shoveled out from a section rock drilling roadway 3 by adopting a shovel conveyor.

The hole bottoms of the deep holes 9 in each row of the positive rows of the uppermost subsection of the stope in the one step are linearly and uniformly reduced according to the thickness and the row spacing of the ore body and the height difference between the deep holes 9 in the first row of the positive rows and the hole bottoms of the deep holes 9 in the last row of the positive rows, and preferably, the height difference between the deep holes 9 in the first row of the positive rows and the hole bottoms of the deep holes 9 in the last row of the positive rows is 3-5 m.

And after the blasting of the uppermost subsection of the stope in one step is finished, simultaneously stoping the following subsections, and after the stope in the whole stope in one step is finished, filling by using a high-strength filling body 14, wherein natural filling and top contacting can be realized due to the existence of the wedge-shaped top pillar 11 during stope filling in one step. And (3) stoping of the stope in the two steps is started after the strength of the filling body 14 of the stope in the one step reaches a design index, stoping is simultaneously carried out on all the sections during stoping of the stope in the two steps, and the filling body 14 with low strength is adopted after stoping is finished. And when the sections below the uppermost section of the first-step stope and the stope of the second-step stope are stoped, retreating stoping is carried out from the upper disc to the lower disc, the medium-length holes of the upper section are in advance of the medium-length holes of the lower section by a certain arrangement distance to form step-type stoping blasting, stoping is carried out on all the sections simultaneously, and stoping caving ores 10 are shoveled out from a bottom ore removal structure by adopting a scraper.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.