阅读说明：本技术 粗锡精炼捞渣装置和粗锡精炼除砷、铁、铜、锑的方法 (Crude tin refining slag-dragging device and method for removing arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in crude tin refining ) 是由 宋兴诚 李正永 白家福 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：粗锡精炼捞渣装置和粗锡精炼除砷、铁、铜、锑的方法,所述装置由锡精炼锅、搅机和捞渣机组成；锡精炼锅为钢制粗锡精炼锅；搅机通过搅机安装脚架安装在锡精炼锅一侧、且能围绕搅机旋转装置上下旋转将搅桨放入或移出锡精炼锅内锡液层中；所述捞渣机通过捞渣机安装脚架安置在锡精炼锅另一侧,且能围绕捞渣机转动系统上下旋转将捞渣机浮渣入口放入或移出锡精炼锅浮渣层。本发明采用捞渣装置代替人工捞出脱砷和铁的炭渣、脱铜的硫渣、脱锑的铝渣,降低能耗,降低人员劳动强度和职业危害,大幅度提高了工作效率。(The device comprises a tin refining pot, a stirrer and a slag dragging machine; the tin refining pot is a steel crude tin refining pot; the stirrer is arranged on one side of the tin refining pot through a stirrer mounting foot stand and can rotate up and down around the stirrer rotating device to place or remove the stirring paddle into or out of a tin liquid layer in the tin refining pot; the slag conveyor is arranged at the other side of the tin refining pot through a slag conveyor mounting foot stool, and can rotate up and down around a slag conveyor rotating system to place or move a scum inlet of the slag conveyor out of a scum layer of the tin refining pot. The invention adopts the slag dragging device to replace manual fishing of the arsenic and iron removing carbon slag, the copper removing sulfur slag and the antimony removing aluminum slag, reduces energy consumption, reduces labor intensity and occupational hazards of personnel, and greatly improves working efficiency.)

1. Slag device is dragged for in crude tin refining, its characterized in that: the device consists of a tin refining pot (1), a stirrer (2) and a slag conveyor (3);

the tin refining pot (1) is a steel crude tin refining pot;

the stirrer (2) is an electric integrated tin liquid stirrer which is arranged on one side of the tin refining pot (1) through a stirrer mounting foot stand (8) and can rotate up and down around a stirrer rotating device (9) to place or remove the stirring paddle (6) into or out of a tin liquid layer (4) in the tin refining pot through the stirring paddle transmission motor (10);

the slag conveyor (3) is arranged at the other side of the tin refining pot (1) through a slag conveyor mounting foot stand (15), and can rotate up and down around a slag conveyor rotating system (14) to place or move a slag conveyor scum inlet (11) into or out of an electric scraper type slag conveyor of a tin refining pot scum layer (5), a slag conveyor transmission system (12) is arranged at the rear end of a slag conveyor slag outlet (13), and a slag receiving container (7) is arranged below the slag conveyor slag outlet (13).

2. The crude tin refining slag dragging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slag conveyor (3) is obliquely arranged.

3. The method for removing arsenic, iron, copper and antimony by refining crude tin is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method uses the slag fishing device according to claim 1, sequentially removes arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in the liquid crude tin in three steps in the tin refining pot (1), and respectively fishes out arsenic-removing and iron-removing carbon slag, copper-removing sulfur slag and antimony-removing aluminum slag, and specifically comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: removing arsenic and iron

1) Adding liquid crude tin to be subjected to impurity removal refining into a tin refining pot (1), and heating to a temperature required for removing arsenic and iron;

2) the stirring paddle (6) is placed into the tin liquid layer (4) in the tin refining pot to be stirred by the rotary stirrer (2);

3) adding saw dust according to the arsenic and iron containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, wherein the total mass of the added saw dust is 1.0-1.2 times of the total mass of the arsenic and iron containing condition of the crude tin, slowly adding the saw dust for multiple times, so that the arsenic and the iron in the crude tin are adsorbed on the surface of the saw dust carbonized after being heated and float on the liquid crude tin;

4) rotating the slag conveyor (3), and placing a scum inlet (11) of the slag conveyor into a scum layer (5) in the tin refining pot (1); starting the slag conveyor (3), and fishing out the carbon slag containing arsenic and iron into a slag receiving container (7);

5) in the slag dragging process, the stirring machine (2) is slowly started to move the dross floating on the surface of the molten tin to the inlet of the slag dragging machine; after the carbon slag is fished out, rotating the slag dragger (3), moving the slag dragger out of the tin refining pot (1) and replacing the slag receiving container (7);

the second step is that: copper removal

1) Adjusting the temperature of the liquid crude tin from which arsenic and iron are removed to the temperature required for removing copper; starting the stirring machine (2) for stirring;

2) adding sulfur according to the copper-containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, wherein the adding amount of the sulfur is 110-120% of the theoretical calculation value of Cu2S generated by all copper in the crude tin, so that the copper in the crude tin reacts with the sulfur to generate large-particle cuprous sulfide, and the cuprous sulfide floats on the liquid crude tin;

3) rotating the slag conveyor (3), and placing a scum inlet (11) of the slag conveyor into a scum layer (5) in the tin refining pot (1); starting the slag conveyor (3), and fishing out the sulfur slag containing cuprous sulfide into a slag receiving container (7);

4) in the slag dragging process, the stirring machine (2) is slowly started to move the dross floating on the surface of the molten tin to the inlet of the slag dragging machine; after the sulfur slag is fished out, the slag dragger (3) is rotated, the slag dragger is moved out of the tin refining pot (1), and the slag receiving container (7) is replaced;

the third step: antimony removal

1) Adjusting the temperature of the liquid crude tin after copper removal to the temperature required by antimony removal; starting the stirring machine (2) for stirring;

2) according to the antimony-containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, adding aluminum particles according to the mass ratio of Sb to Al being 1:0.22-1, reacting antimony in the crude tin with aluminum to generate large-particle aluminum antimonide, and floating the large-particle aluminum antimonide out of the liquid tin;

3) rotating the slag conveyor (3), and placing a scum inlet (11) of the slag conveyor into a scum layer (5) in the tin refining pot (1); starting the slag conveyor (3), and fishing out the aluminum slag containing the aluminum antimonide into a slag receiving container (7);

4) in the slag dragging process, the stirring machine (2) is slowly started to move the dross floating on the surface of the molten tin to the inlet of the slag dragging machine; and after the aluminum slag is fished out, rotating the slag dragger (3) and the stirrer (2), moving the slag dragger (3) and the stirrer (2) out of the tin refining pot (1), and replacing the slag receiving container (7).

4. The method of refining crude tin to remove arsenic, iron, copper, antimony as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the temperature required for removing arsenic and iron is 280-300 ℃, the temperature required for removing copper is 300-320 ℃, and the temperature required for removing antimony is 380-400 ℃.

5. The method of refining crude tin to remove arsenic, iron, copper, antimony as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the stirring paddle (6) is arranged at the center of the tin refining pot (1).

6. The method of refining crude tin to remove arsenic, iron, copper, antimony as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the method is to remove arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in crude tin in the same tin refining pot (1).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a slag dragging device for crude tin refining and a method for removing arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in crude tin refining.

Background

The fire refining of crude tin generally needs to remove arsenic, iron, copper, antimony, lead, bismuth, gold, silver, indium and the like contained in the crude tin respectively according to different impurities contained in the crude tin, and the adopted method is to respectively remove different impurities in different devices by adopting a physical or chemical method and adding reagents, physical liquation, condensation and the like.

The arsenic and iron are removed in an oxidation pot by adding sawdust, stirring at a proper temperature, adsorbing arsenic and iron in the crude tin on the surface of the heated carbonized sawdust, floating the arsenic and iron on the liquid crude tin, and manually fishing out carbon slag containing arsenic and iron by using a strainer.

The copper removal is completed in a copper removal pot, generally, tin liquid after arsenic and iron removal is transferred to the copper removal pot, the temperature is raised to the temperature required by the copper removal, sulfur is added according to the copper-containing condition of the tin liquid, the copper in the crude tin and the sulfur react to generate large-particle cuprous sulfide, the cuprous sulfide floats out of the liquid crude tin, and the carbon slag containing the cuprous sulfide is manually fished out by using a strainer.

The crude tin without copper is treated by an electrothermal mechanical crystallizer to remove impurities such as lead, bismuth and the like, crystalline granular tin is fused in a tin combining pot, the temperature is raised to the temperature required by removing antimony, aluminum particles are added and stirred to enable antimony in the tin to react with aluminum to generate large-granular aluminum antimonide, the large-granular aluminum antimonide floats on the liquid tin, and a strainer is manually used to fish out carbon slag containing cuprous sulfide.

The method for removing arsenic, iron, copper, antimony and the like by refining crude tin has the following problems: the process is many, and the procedure is long, and the continuity operation is low between the process, and the direct rate of recovery of tin is low, and the manual work uses the strainer to drag for the sediment, and intensity of labour is big, and occupational health protection risk is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a slag dragging device for crude tin refining and a method for removing arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in crude tin refining.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the crude tin refining slag dragging device consists of a tin refining pot, a stirrer and a slag dragging machine; the tin refining pot is a steel crude tin refining pot; the stirring machine is an electric integrated tin liquid stirring machine which is arranged on one side of the tin refining pot through a stirring machine mounting foot stand and can rotate up and down around a stirring machine rotating device to place or remove a stirring paddle into or out of a tin liquid layer in the tin refining pot and is driven by a stirring machine transmission motor;

the slag conveyor is arranged at the other side of the tin refining pot through a slag conveyor mounting foot stool, and can rotate up and down around a slag conveyor rotating system to place or move a scum inlet of the slag conveyor out of a scum layer of the tin refining pot, a slag conveyor transmission system is arranged at the rear end of a slag outlet of the slag conveyor, and a slag receiving container is arranged below the slag outlet of the slag conveyor.

Preferably, the slag conveyor is arranged obliquely.

The invention also discloses a method for removing arsenic, iron, copper and antimony by refining crude tin, which uses the slag dragging device, sequentially removes arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in liquid crude tin in a tin refining pot in three steps, and respectively drags out carbon slag for removing arsenic and iron, sulfur slag for removing copper and aluminum slag for removing antimony, and specifically comprises the following steps:

the first step is as follows: removing arsenic and iron

1) Adding liquid crude tin to be subjected to impurity removal refining into a tin refining pot, and heating to a temperature required for removing arsenic and iron;

2) the stirring paddle is placed into a tin liquid layer in a tin refining pot to be stirred by a rotary stirring machine;

3) adding saw dust according to the arsenic and iron containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, wherein the total mass of the added saw dust is 1.0-1.2 times of the total mass of the arsenic and iron containing condition of the crude tin, slowly adding the saw dust for multiple times, so that the arsenic and the iron in the crude tin are adsorbed on the surface of the saw dust carbonized after being heated and float on the liquid crude tin;

4) rotating the slag conveyor, and placing a scum inlet of the slag conveyor into a scum layer in a tin refining pot; starting a slag conveyor, and fishing out carbon slag containing arsenic and iron into a slag receiving container;

5) slowly starting the stirring machine in the slag dragging process to enable the scum floating on the surface of the molten tin to move towards the inlet of the slag dragging machine; after the carbon slag is fished out, rotating the slag conveyor, moving the slag conveyor out of the tin refining pot, and replacing a slag receiving container;

the second step is that: copper removal

1) Adjusting the temperature of the liquid crude tin from which arsenic and iron are removed to the temperature required for removing copper; starting a stirring machine to stir;

2) adding sulfur according to the copper-containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, wherein the adding amount of the sulfur is 110-120% of the theoretical calculation value of Cu2S generated by all copper in the crude tin, so that the copper in the crude tin reacts with the sulfur to generate large-particle cuprous sulfide, and the cuprous sulfide floats on the liquid crude tin;

3) rotating the slag conveyor, and placing a scum inlet of the slag conveyor into a scum layer in a tin refining pot; starting a slag conveyor, and fishing out the sulfur slag containing cuprous sulfide into a slag receiving container;

4) slowly starting the stirring machine in the slag dragging process to enable the scum floating on the surface of the molten tin to move towards the inlet of the slag dragging machine; after the sulfur slag is fished out, rotating the slag conveyor, moving the slag conveyor out of the tin refining pot, and replacing a slag receiving container;

the third step: antimony removal

1) Adjusting the temperature of the liquid crude tin after copper removal to the temperature required by antimony removal; starting a stirring machine to stir;

2) according to the antimony-containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, adding aluminum particles according to the mass ratio of Sb to Al being 1:0.22-1, reacting antimony in the crude tin with aluminum to generate large-particle aluminum antimonide, and floating the large-particle aluminum antimonide out of the liquid tin;

3) rotating the slag conveyor, and placing a scum inlet of the slag conveyor into a scum layer in a tin refining pot; starting a slag conveyor, and fishing out the aluminum slag containing the aluminum antimonide into a slag receiving container;

4) slowly starting the stirring machine in the slag dragging process to enable the scum floating on the surface of the molten tin to move towards the inlet of the slag dragging machine; and after the aluminum slag is fished out, rotating the slag conveyor and the stirrer, moving the slag conveyor and the stirrer out of the tin refining pot, and replacing the slag receiving container.

Preferably, the temperature required for removing arsenic and iron is 280-300 ℃, the temperature required for removing copper is 300-320 ℃, and the temperature required for removing antimony is 380-400 ℃.

Preferably, the paddle is arranged at the center of the tin refining kettle.

Preferably, the method is to complete the removal of arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in the crude tin in the same tin refining kettle.

The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

1) according to the invention, the slag fishing device is adopted to replace manual fishing of arsenic and iron removing carbon slag, copper removing sulfur slag and antimony removing aluminum slag, so that the energy consumption is reduced, the labor intensity and occupational hazards of personnel are reduced, and the working efficiency is greatly improved;

2) the method finishes the removal of arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in the crude tin in the same tin refining pot, and has high heat utilization rate and low energy consumption;

3) the slag dragging machine is obliquely arranged, solid dross in the dross layer is upwards continuously dragged out of the tin refining pot along the inclined plane, liquid metal tin which is mechanically mixed naturally flows back into the tin refining pot along the inclined plane, the dragged-out slag has low mechanical mixed tin, and the direct recovery rate of tin entering refined tin is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a top view (partial) of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific techniques, connections, conditions, or the like, which are not specified in the examples, are performed according to the techniques, connections, conditions, or the like described in the literature in the art or according to the product specification. The materials, instruments or equipment are not indicated by manufacturers, and all the materials, instruments or equipment are conventional products which can be obtained by purchasing.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the slag dragging device for crude tin refining comprises a tin refining pot 1, a stirrer 2 and a slag dragging machine 3; the tin refining pot 1 is a steel crude tin refining pot; the stirrer 2 is an electric integrated tin liquid stirrer which is arranged on one side of the tin refining pot 1 through a stirrer mounting foot stand 8 and can rotate up and down around a stirrer rotating device 9 to place or move a stirring paddle 6 into or out of a tin liquid layer 4 in the tin refining pot through a stirrer driving motor 10; the slag conveyor 3 is an electric scraper type slag conveyor which is arranged at the other side of the tin refining pot 1 through a slag conveyor mounting foot rest 15 and can rotate up and down around a slag conveyor rotating system 14 to put a scum inlet 11 of the slag conveyor into or move the scum layer 5 of the tin refining pot, a slag conveyor transmission system 12 is arranged at the rear end of a slag outlet 13 of the slag conveyor, and a slag receiving container 7 is arranged below the slag outlet 13 of the slag conveyor. The slag dragging machine 3 is obliquely arranged, solid dross in the dross layer is upwards continuously dragged out of the tin refining pot along the inclined plane, liquid metal tin which is mechanically mixed naturally flows back into the tin refining pot along the inclined plane, the dragged-out slag has low mechanical mixed tin, and the direct recovery rate of tin entering refined tin is high.

The invention provides a method for removing arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in crude tin refining, wherein the slag fishing device is used in the method, arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in liquid crude tin are sequentially removed in three steps in the same tin refining pot 1, and carbon slag for removing arsenic and iron, sulfur slag for removing copper and aluminum slag for removing antimony are respectively fished out, so that the method has high heat utilization rate and low energy consumption, and the specific mode is as follows:

the first step is as follows: removing arsenic and iron

1) Adding liquid crude tin to be refined into tin refining pot 1, heating to the temperature required for removing arsenic and iron, wherein iron and arsenic preferentially generate large-particle Fe-As solid compounds, and Sn is generated if the crude tin contains more arsenic and less iron₃As₂Crystallizing and precipitating, otherwise generating Fe-Sn solid compounds and precipitating;

2) the stirring paddle 6 is placed into the tin liquid layer 4 in the tin refining pot to be stirred by the rotary stirring machine 2;

3) adding saw dust according to the arsenic and iron containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, wherein the total mass of the added saw dust is 1.0-1.2 times of the total mass of the arsenic and iron containing condition of the crude tin, slowly adding the saw dust for multiple times, so that the arsenic and the iron in the crude tin are adsorbed on the surface of the saw dust carbonized after being heated and float on the liquid crude tin;

4) rotating the slag conveyor 3, and placing a scum inlet 11 of the slag conveyor into a scum layer 5 in the tin refining pot 1; starting the slag conveyor 3, and fishing out the carbon slag containing arsenic and iron into the slag receiving container 7;

5) in the slag salvaging process, the stirring machine 2 is slowly started to lead the scum floating on the surface of the tin liquid to move to the inlet of the slag salvaging machine so as to be fished out as cleanly as possible; after the carbon slag is fished out, rotating the slag dragging machine 3, moving the slag dragging machine out of the tin refining pot 1 and replacing the slag receiving container 7;

the second step is that: copper removal

1) Adjusting the temperature of the liquid crude tin after removing arsenic and iron to the temperature required for removing copper, and in the temperature range, generating Cu from copper and sulfur₂S particles float on the surface of the liquid tin; starting the stirring machine 2 for stirring;

2) adding sulfur according to the copper-containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, wherein the adding amount of sulfur is that Cu is generated from all copper in crude tin₂The theoretical calculated value of S is 110-120%, so that copper in the crude tin reacts with sulfur to generate large-particle cuprous sulfide which floats on the liquid crude tin;

3) rotating the slag conveyor 3, and placing a scum inlet 11 of the slag conveyor into a scum layer 5 in the tin refining pot 1; starting the slag conveyor 3, and fishing out the sulfur slag containing cuprous sulfide into a slag receiving container 7;

4) in the slag salvaging process, the stirring machine 2 is slowly started to lead the scum floating on the surface of the tin liquid to move to the inlet of the slag salvaging machine so as to be fished out as cleanly as possible; after the sulfur slag is fished out, rotating the slag conveyor 3, moving the slag conveyor out of the tin refining pot 1, and replacing the slag receiving container 7;

the third step: antimony removal

1) Adjusting the temperature of the liquid crude tin after copper removal to the temperature required for removing antimony, wherein within the temperature range, antimony and aluminum generate AlSb compounds with high melting points to form aluminum slag floating in the liquid tin; starting the stirring machine 2 for stirring;

2) according to the antimony-containing condition obtained by sampling and testing, adding aluminum particles according to the mass ratio of Sb to Al being 1:0.22-1, reacting antimony in the crude tin with aluminum to generate large-particle aluminum antimonide, and floating the large-particle aluminum antimonide out of the liquid tin;

3) rotating the slag conveyor 3, and placing a scum inlet 11 of the slag conveyor into a scum layer 5 in the tin refining pot 1; starting the slag conveyor 3, fishing out the aluminum slag containing the aluminum antimonide into the slag receiving container 7;

4) in the slag salvaging process, the stirring machine 2 is slowly started to lead the scum floating on the surface of the tin liquid to move to the inlet of the slag salvaging machine so as to be fished out as cleanly as possible; and after the aluminum slag is fished out, rotating the slag conveyor 3 and the stirrer 2, moving the slag conveyor 3 and the stirrer 2 out of the tin refining pot 1, and replacing the slag receiving container 7. The stirring paddle 6 is arranged at the center of the tin refining pot 1, and the stirring paddle 6 rotates along one direction, so that the molten tin and the scum on the surface can also rotate in the same direction.

Further, the temperature required for removing arsenic and iron is 280-300 ℃, the temperature required for removing copper is 300-320 ℃, and the temperature required for removing antimony is 380-400 ℃.

The invention finishes the removal of arsenic, iron, copper and antimony in crude tin in the same tin refining pot 1, and then carbon slag, sulfur slag and aluminum slag are respectively fished out in sequence and processed by the corresponding next working procedure; removing arsenic, iron, copper and antimony, and then refining tin, and removing lead and bismuth by an electrothermal mechanical crystallizer or a vacuum furnace in the next procedure to obtain refined tin.