Double-clamping longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna and preparation method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种双夹持纵振模式磁电天线及其制备方法 (Double-clamping longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna and preparation method thereof ) 是由 刘明 胡忠强 吴金根 周子尧 王志广 贾超 于 2020-03-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种双夹持纵振模式磁电天线及其制备方法,包括压电堆、磁致伸缩材料、线圈和刚性框架；刚性框架内侧对称设置有两个压电堆,且两个压电堆的端部相对设置,两个压电堆之间设置有磁致伸缩材料,磁致伸缩材料上螺旋缠绕有线圈；压电堆由多层压电材料组成,每相邻两层压电材料之间有一层叉指电极压电材料和叉指电极粘接在一起。本发明的天线具有体积小,在高电损耗环境中近场损耗低、信号传播距离远、结构强度高的优点。(A dual-clamping longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna and a preparation method thereof comprise a piezoelectric stack, a magnetostrictive material, a coil and a rigid frame; two piezoelectric stacks are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the rigid frame, the end parts of the two piezoelectric stacks are arranged oppositely, a magnetostrictive material is arranged between the two piezoelectric stacks, and a coil is spirally wound on the magnetostrictive material; the piezoelectric stack is composed of a plurality of layers of piezoelectric materials, and a layer of interdigital electrode piezoelectric material is adhered to the interdigital electrode between every two adjacent layers of piezoelectric materials. The antenna has the advantages of small volume, low near-field loss in a high-power-loss environment, long signal propagation distance and high structural strength.)
1. A dual-clamping longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna is characterized by comprising a piezoelectric stack (1), a magnetostrictive material (2), a coil (4) and a rigid frame (5); two piezoelectric stacks (1) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the rigid frame (5), the end parts of the two piezoelectric stacks (1) are arranged oppositely, a magnetostrictive material (2) is arranged between the two piezoelectric stacks (1), and a coil (4) is spirally wound on the magnetostrictive material (2);
the piezoelectric stack (1) is composed of a plurality of layers of piezoelectric materials (6), and a layer of interdigital electrode (3) piezoelectric material and an interdigital electrode (3) are bonded together between every two adjacent layers of piezoelectric materials (6).
2. The dual-clamped longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the two piezoelectric stacks (1) are provided with hemispherical end caps (9) on the opposite faces, the magnetostrictive material (2) is provided with tapered slot end caps (10) on both ends, and the hemispherical end caps (9) are nested in the tapered slot end caps (10).
3. A dual-clamped longitudinal mode magnetoelectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the sides of the multiple layers of piezoelectric material are coated with epoxy resin (7), and the piezoelectric material and the interdigital electrodes (3) are bonded together by the epoxy resin (7).
4. A dual-clamped longitudinal-vibration-mode magnetoelectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid frame (5) is a hollow rectangular rigid frame.
5. The dual-clamped longitudinal-vibration-mode magnetoelectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the piezoelectric stack is a circle with a diameter of 1-20mm or a rectangle with a length of 1-20mm and a width of 1-20mm, the thickness of each layer of piezoelectric material is 0.01-2mm, and the material of the piezoelectric layer is AlN, quartz, L iNbO3、BaTiO3、ZnO、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3、Pb(Mg,Nb)O3-PbTiO3、Pb(Zn,Nb)O3-PbTiO3Or BiScO3-PbTiO3One kind of (1).
6. A dual-clamped longitudinal mode magnetoelectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the interdigital electrode is in the shape of a sheet and is made of one of Au, Ag, Al, Cu or Pt.
7. The dual-clamped longitudinal-vibration-mode magnetoelectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetostrictive material is a cylinder with a diameter of 1-20mm or a cross-sectional area of less than 400mm2The material of the cuboid is one of Metglass, Tb-Dy-Fe, FeCo, FeCoB, FeGaB, NiZn ferrite, Ni-Co ferrite or SmFe; the coil is an insulated wire of a plastic shell.
8. The dual-clamped longitudinal mode magnetoelectric antenna according to claim 1, wherein the hemispherical end caps and the tapered slot end caps are dimensioned such that the cut surfaces thereof can completely cover the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric stack and the magnetostrictive material; the depth of the tapered groove end cap is the same as the radius of the hemispherical end cap; the rigid frame and the tapered groove end cap are made of one of brass, red copper, phosphor bronze, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like, and the hemispherical end cap is made of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide or silicon carbide.
9. A method for manufacturing a dual-clamped longitudinal-vibration-mode magnetoelectric antenna, characterized in that, based on any one of claims 1 to 8, the dual-clamped longitudinal-vibration-mode magnetoelectric antenna comprises the following steps:
step 1, providing a required piezoelectric material, cutting the piezoelectric material into a required size, and ultrasonically cleaning the piezoelectric material by using ultrapure water;
step 2, manufacturing silver electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of each piece of piezoelectric material in an electroplating and silver paste annealing mode, and polarizing along the thickness direction;
step 3, clamping the interdigital electrodes between two layers of piezoelectric materials, wherein the polarization directions of the two adjacent layers of piezoelectric materials are opposite, forming a multi-layer piezoelectric stack in a stacking mode, coating epoxy resin on the side surface of the piezoelectric stack under the action of pretightening force, curing to form the multi-layer piezoelectric stack, and preparing two piezoelectric stacks in total;
step 4, providing a required magnetostrictive material, manufacturing the magnetostrictive material into a required size, and ultrasonically cleaning the magnetostrictive material by using ultrapure water;
step 5, uniformly winding coils on the magnetostrictive material, wherein the coils are used for providing a bias magnetic field after being electrified;
step 6, providing a required ceramic material and a required rigid material, and respectively cutting the ceramic material and the rigid material into two hemispherical end caps and two conical groove end caps with appropriate sizes;
step 7, respectively bonding two hemispherical end caps on one surface of each piezoelectric stack by using epoxy resin, and respectively bonding two conical groove end caps on the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnetostrictive material;
and 8, providing a hollow rectangular frame made of a required rigid material, respectively matching the hemispherical end caps on the two piezoelectric stacks with the tapered groove end caps at two ends of the magnetostrictive material, connecting the hemispherical end caps on the two piezoelectric stacks according to the sequence of piezoelectric stack-magnetostrictive material-piezoelectric stack, and fixing the connecting body in the frame.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetoelectric antennas, and particularly relates to a magnetoelectric antenna with double clamping longitudinal vibration modes and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The antenna is a device capable of realizing interconversion of alternating current energy and electromagnetic wave energy, and is a key component of many electronic devices, such as smart phones, radio frequency identification systems, radars and other devices, which have wide and profound demands on the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-clamping longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a dual-clamping longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna comprises a piezoelectric stack, a magnetostrictive material, a coil and a rigid frame; two piezoelectric stacks are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the rigid frame, the end parts of the two piezoelectric stacks are arranged oppositely, a magnetostrictive material is arranged between the two piezoelectric stacks, and a coil is spirally wound on the magnetostrictive material;
the piezoelectric stack is composed of a plurality of layers of piezoelectric materials, and a layer of interdigital electrode piezoelectric material is adhered to the interdigital electrode between every two adjacent layers of piezoelectric materials.
Furthermore, hemispherical end caps are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two piezoelectric stacks, tapered groove end caps are arranged at the two ends of the magnetostrictive material, and the hemispherical end caps are nested in the tapered groove end caps.
Furthermore, the side surfaces of the multiple layers of piezoelectric materials are coated with epoxy resin, and the piezoelectric materials and the interdigital electrodes are bonded together through the epoxy resin.
Further, the rigid frame is a hollow rectangular rigid frame.
Furthermore, the cross section of the piezoelectric stack is circular with the diameter of 1-20mm or rectangular with the length of 1-20mm and the width of 1-20mm, the thickness of each layer of piezoelectric material is 0.01-2mm, and the material of the piezoelectric layer is AlN, quartz, L iNbO3、BaTiO3、ZnO、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3、Pb(Mg,Nb)O3-PbTiO3、Pb(Zn,Nb)O3-PbTiO3Or BiScO3-PbTiO3One kind of (1).
Furthermore, the interdigital electrode is in a sheet shape, and the material is one of Au, Ag, Al, Cu or Pt.
Further, the magnetostrictive material is a cylinder with a diameter of 1-20mm, or a cross-sectional area of less than 400mm2The cuboid is made of one of Metglass, Tb-Dy-Fe, FeCo, FeCoB, FeGaB, NiZn ferrite, Ni-Co ferrite or SmFe(ii) a The coil is an insulated wire of a plastic shell.
Furthermore, the size of the hemispherical end cap and the conical groove end cap ensures that the tangent plane can completely cover the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric stack and the magnetostrictive material; the depth of the tapered groove end cap is the same as the radius of the hemispherical end cap; the rigid frame and the tapered groove end cap are made of one of brass, red copper, phosphor bronze, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like, and the hemispherical end cap is made of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide or silicon carbide.
Further, a preparation method of the dual-clamping longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna comprises the following steps:
step 1, providing a required piezoelectric material, cutting the piezoelectric material into a required size, and ultrasonically cleaning the piezoelectric material by using ultrapure water;
step 2, manufacturing silver electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of each piece of piezoelectric material in an electroplating and silver paste annealing mode, and polarizing along the thickness direction;
step 3, clamping the interdigital electrodes between two layers of piezoelectric materials, wherein the polarization directions of the two adjacent layers of piezoelectric materials are opposite, forming a multi-layer piezoelectric stack in a stacking mode, coating epoxy resin on the side surface of the piezoelectric stack under the action of pretightening force, curing to form the multi-layer piezoelectric stack, and preparing two piezoelectric stacks in total;
step 4, providing a required magnetostrictive material, manufacturing the magnetostrictive material into a required size, and ultrasonically cleaning the magnetostrictive material by using ultrapure water;
step 5, uniformly winding coils on the magnetostrictive material, wherein the coils are used for providing a bias magnetic field after being electrified;
step 6, providing a required ceramic material and a required rigid material, and respectively cutting the ceramic material and the rigid material into two hemispherical end caps and two conical groove end caps with appropriate sizes;
step 7, respectively bonding two hemispherical end caps on one surface of each piezoelectric stack by using epoxy resin, and respectively bonding two conical groove end caps on the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnetostrictive material;
and 8, providing a hollow rectangular frame made of a required rigid material, respectively matching the hemispherical end caps on the two piezoelectric stacks with the tapered groove end caps at two ends of the magnetostrictive material, connecting the hemispherical end caps on the two piezoelectric stacks according to the sequence of piezoelectric stack-magnetostrictive material-piezoelectric stack, and fixing the connecting body in the frame.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the antenna is a magnetoelectric antenna, and by utilizing the magnetoelectric effect of piezoelectric/magnetostrictive coupling, the change of peripheral magnetic flux is caused by the mechanical vibration of magnetostrictive materials, so that electromagnetic waves are excited. Compared with the traditional electric antenna, the magnetoelectric antenna is not limited by the theoretical wavelength of the electric antenna on the volume, and the dependence of the traditional antenna on the size is overcome; in addition, the near field of the antenna is mainly a magnetic field rather than an electric field, and the antenna shows obviously smaller near field loss in environments with larger electric loss (such as underwater, human bodies and the like). The antenna is miniaturized under the condition of ensuring the performance, the near field mainly improves the communication capacity of the antenna in a high-power-loss environment for a magnetic field, and an external rigid frame is utilized to ensure that the antenna has higher structural strength. The antenna has the advantages of small volume, low near-field loss in a high-power-loss environment, long signal propagation distance and high structural strength.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a magnetoelectric antenna of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a piezoelectric stack; 2. a magnetostrictive material; 3. an interdigital electrode; 4. a coil; 5. a rigid frame; 6. a layer of piezoelectric material; 7. an epoxy resin coating; 8. the polarization direction of the piezoelectric material; 9. a hemispherical end cap; 10. a tapered slot end cap.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a dual-clamp longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna includes a piezoelectric stack 1, a magnetostrictive material 2, a coil 4 and a rigid frame 5; two piezoelectric stacks 1 are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the rigid frame 5, the end parts of the two piezoelectric stacks 1 are arranged oppositely, a magnetostrictive material 2 is arranged between the two piezoelectric stacks 1, and a coil 4 is spirally wound on the magnetostrictive material 2;
the piezoelectric stack 1 is composed of a plurality of layers of piezoelectric materials 6, and a layer of interdigital electrode 3 piezoelectric material is adhered to the interdigital electrode 3 between every two adjacent layers of piezoelectric materials 6.
The opposite surfaces of the two piezoelectric stacks 1 are provided with hemispherical end caps 9, the two ends of the magnetostrictive material 2 are provided with tapered groove end caps 10, and the hemispherical end caps 9 are nested in the tapered groove end caps 10.
The side surfaces of the multiple layers of piezoelectric materials are coated with epoxy resin 7, and the piezoelectric materials and the interdigital electrodes 3 are bonded together through the epoxy resin 7.
The rigid frame 5 is a hollow rectangular rigid frame.
The piezoelectric stack has a cross section of circular shape with diameter of 1-20mm or rectangular shape with length of 1-20mm and width of 1-20mm, each layer of piezoelectric material has thickness of 0.01-2mm, and the piezoelectric layer is made of AlN, quartz, L iNbO3、BaTiO3、ZnO、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3、Pb(Mg,Nb)O3-PbTiO3、Pb(Zn,Nb)O3-PbTiO3Or BiScO3-PbTiO3One kind of (1).
The interdigital electrode is in a sheet shape, and the material is one of Au, Ag, Al, Cu or Pt.
The magnetostrictive material is a cylinder with a diameter of 1-20mm, or a cross-sectional area of less than 400mm2The material of the cuboid is one of Metglass, Tb-Dy-Fe, FeCo, FeCoB, FeGaB, NiZn ferrite, Ni-Co ferrite or SmFe; the coil is an insulated wire of a plastic shell.
The sizes of the hemispherical end cap and the conical groove end cap are required to ensure that the tangent plane can completely cover the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric stack and the magnetostrictive material; the depth of the tapered groove end cap is the same as the radius of the hemispherical end cap; the rigid frame and the tapered groove end cap are made of one of brass, red copper, phosphor bronze, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like, and the hemispherical end cap is made of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide or silicon carbide.
A preparation method of a double-clamping longitudinal vibration mode magnetoelectric antenna comprises the following steps:
step 1, providing a required piezoelectric material, cutting the piezoelectric material into a required size, and ultrasonically cleaning the piezoelectric material by using ultrapure water;
step 2, manufacturing silver electrodes on the upper surface and the lower surface of each piece of piezoelectric material in an electroplating and silver paste annealing mode, and polarizing along the thickness direction;
step 3, clamping the interdigital electrodes between two layers of piezoelectric materials, wherein the polarization directions of the two adjacent layers of piezoelectric materials are opposite, forming a multi-layer piezoelectric stack in a stacking mode, coating epoxy resin on the side surface of the piezoelectric stack under the action of pretightening force, curing to form the multi-layer piezoelectric stack, and preparing two piezoelectric stacks in total;
step 4, providing a required magnetostrictive material, manufacturing the magnetostrictive material into a required size, and ultrasonically cleaning the magnetostrictive material by using ultrapure water;
step 5, uniformly winding coils on the magnetostrictive material, wherein the coils are used for providing a bias magnetic field after being electrified;
step 6, providing a required ceramic material and a required rigid material, and respectively cutting the ceramic material and the rigid material into two hemispherical end caps and two conical groove end caps with appropriate sizes;
step 7, respectively bonding two hemispherical end caps on one surface of each piezoelectric stack by using epoxy resin, and respectively bonding two conical groove end caps on the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnetostrictive material;
and 8, providing a hollow rectangular frame made of a required rigid material, respectively matching the hemispherical end caps on the two piezoelectric stacks with the tapered groove end caps at two ends of the magnetostrictive material, connecting the hemispherical end caps on the two piezoelectric stacks according to the sequence of piezoelectric stack-magnetostrictive material-piezoelectric stack, and fixing the connecting body in the frame.
Referring to fig. 1, the ultra-low frequency magnetoelectric antenna of the present invention includes: piezoelectric stack 1, magnetostrictive material 2, interdigital electrode 3, coil 4, rigid frame 5, hemispherical end cap 9, and tapered slot end cap 10. The piezoelectric stack 1 is composed of a plurality of layers of piezoelectric materials 6, wherein the polarization directions 8 of every two adjacent layers of piezoelectric materials 6 are opposite, a layer of interdigital electrode 3 sheet is arranged in the middle, and epoxy resin 7 is coated on the side surface after the plurality of layers are stacked and cured to form the piezoelectric stack 1; the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric stack 1 are respectively stuck with a hemispherical end cap 9; a coil 4 is wound on the magnetostrictive material 2, and tapered groove end caps 10 are adhered to the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnetostrictive material; the upper surface or the lower surface of the piezoelectric stack 1 is adhered with a hemispherical ceramic end cap 9; a coil 4 is wound on the magnetostrictive material 2, the coil 4 is used for providing a direct current bias magnetic field, and conical groove end caps 10 are attached to the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnetostrictive material; a hollow rectangular rigid frame 5 for fixing the piezoelectric stack 1 and the magnetostrictive material 2; the hemispherical end caps 9 on the two piezoelectric stacks are respectively matched with tapered groove end caps 10 at two ends of the magnetostrictive material 2, and the three parts are connected and fixed in the rigid frame 5 according to the sequence of piezoelectric stack-magnetostrictive material-piezoelectric stack.
The piezoelectric stack 1 is a multilayer structure formed by a plurality of layers of piezoelectric materials, the cross section can be circular, the diameter is 1-20mm, the cross section can also be rectangular or square, the length is 1-20mm, the width is 1-20mm, the thickness of each layer of piezoelectric material is 0.01-2mm, the material of the piezoelectric layer 6 can be piezoelectric single crystal or piezoelectric ceramic, and is one of AlN, quartz, L iNbO3, BaTiO3, ZnO, Pb (Zr, Ti) O3, Pb (Mg, Nb) O3-PbTiO3, Pb (Zn, Nb) O3-PbTiO3 or BiScO3-PbTiO3, one layer of interdigital electrode 3 is arranged between each two layers of piezoelectric layers 6, the shape is Au, the material selects metals or alloys with better conductivity such as Au, Ag, Al, Cu, Pt and the like;
the magnetostrictive material 2 is a cylinder (the diameter is 1-20mm), or a cuboid or a cube (the cross-sectional area is less than 400mm2), the length can be adjusted according to the working frequency of the antenna, and the material is one of Metglass, Tb-Dy-Fe, FeCo, FeCoB, FeGaB, NiZn ferrite, Ni-Co ferrite or SmFe. The magnetostrictive material 2 is wound with a coil 4 for providing a bias magnetic field, the coil 4 can be an enameled wire, a DuPont wire, an insulated wire of a plastic shell and the like, and the number of turns is adjusted according to the magnitude of the required bias magnetic field.
The size of the rigid frame 5 is determined by the thickness of the piezoelectric stack 1 and the length of the magnetostrictive material 2, the length of the inner frame is approximately equal to the length of the connecting body of the piezoelectric stack-magnetostrictive material-piezoelectric stack, and the width of the inner frame is slightly larger than the diameter or width of the section of the connecting body, so that the connecting body can be fixed in the frame. The sizes of the hemispherical end cap 9 and the conical groove end cap 10 are required to ensure that the tangent plane can completely cover the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric stack 1 and the magnetostrictive material 2; the depth of the tapered groove end cap 10 is the same as the radius of the hemispherical end cap 9. The rigid frame 5 and the tapered groove end cap 10 should be made of diamagnetic metal, alloy or engineering plastic with relatively large elastic modulus, such as one of brass, red copper, phosphor bronze, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, etc., and the material of the hemispherical end cap 9 is structural ceramic such as alumina, zirconia, silicon carbide, etc.
In this arrangement, the same voltage signal applied to the two piezoelectric stacks 1 will cause them to generate the same dynamic axial stress, one end of the two piezoelectric stacks 1 being fixed by the rigid frame 5, the other end transmitting mechanical vibrations by compressing the magnetostrictive material 2 through the end cap; the combination of the hemispherical end cap 9 and the conical groove end cap 10 ensures that the direction of the reaction force applied to the piezoelectric stack 1 is always axial, so that the piezoelectric stack 1 is prevented from being damaged due to lateral stress when the magnetostrictive material 2 and the piezoelectric stack 1 are in matching dislocation; under the condition of a certain bias magnetic field, the internal magnetic flux of the magnetostrictive material 2 changes, so that an electromagnetic wave signal is generated in a free space around the antenna to transmit information.
The antenna operates using the inverse magnetoelectric effect. When a certain voltage signal is applied to the two piezoelectric stacks 1 through the interdigital electrode 3, the piezoelectric stacks 1 sense the change of an electric field and generate mechanical vibration in the piezoelectric stacks, one end of each piezoelectric stack 1 is fixed by the rigid frame 5, the other end of each piezoelectric stack 1 compresses the magnetostrictive material 2 through the end cap, the vibration is transmitted in a bulk acoustic wave mode, the change of the internal magnetization intensity of the magnetostrictive material 2 is caused under the condition of a certain bias magnetic field, electromagnetic waves are excited in the surrounding free space, and the signal transmitting function is realized.
The above examples of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Variations and modifications in other variations will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.