阅读说明：本技术 报文处理方法和装置 (Message processing method and device ) 是由 吴潇 孙志超 李高超 张伟 王晖 邹昕 李政 陈训逊 于 2020-03-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提供一种报文处理方法及装置,应用于网络设备中,所述方法包括：根据预设的重要流量缓存队列包括的各个报文确定所述重要流量缓存队列所需的实际带宽；根据所述网络设备的总带宽和所述实际带宽从所述网络设备的聚合端口中选取指定成员口；通过所述指定成员口转发所述重要流量缓存队列包括的各个报文。应用本申请的实施例,可以确保正常发送重要流量缓存队列包括的各个报文,降低重要流量缓存队列包括的报文的丢包率。(The application provides a message processing method and a device, which are applied to network equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the actual bandwidth required by an important flow cache queue according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue; selecting a designated member port from the aggregation ports of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment; and forwarding each message included in the important flow cache queue through the appointed member port. By applying the embodiment of the application, each message included in the important flow cache queue can be sent normally, and the packet loss rate of the message included in the important flow cache queue is reduced.)

1. A message processing method is applied to network equipment, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

determining the actual bandwidth required by an important flow cache queue according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue;

selecting a designated member port from the aggregation ports of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment;

and forwarding each message included in the important flow cache queue through the appointed member port.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining an actual bandwidth required by a preset important traffic buffer queue according to each packet included in the important traffic buffer queue specifically includes:

counting the total message length and the number of the messages of all the messages included in the important flow cache queue;

dividing the total length of the messages by the number of the messages to obtain the average length of the messages of the important flow cache queue;

determining a first average value of the maximum message length and the minimum message length in the message lengths of all messages included in the important flow cache queue;

determining whether the average length of the messages is smaller than the first average value;

if the average length of the messages is determined to be equal to or larger than the first average value, determining the total length of the messages as the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue;

if the average message length is smaller than the first average value, determining a second average value of the minimum message length and the first average value, and determining whether the average message length is smaller than the second average value, if the average message length is smaller than the second average value, determining a first set multiple of the total message length as an actual bandwidth required by the important traffic cache queue; and if the average length of the messages is determined to be greater than or equal to the second average value, determining a second set multiple of the total length of the messages as the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein selecting a specific member port from the aggregation ports of the network device according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network device specifically includes:

selecting a member port with an open state from all member ports of the aggregation port of the network equipment to obtain a candidate member port set;

calculating a difference between a total bandwidth of the network device and the actual bandwidth;

and selecting a member port with the bandwidth sum not exceeding and closest to the difference value from the candidate member port set according to a preset algorithm to obtain the appointed member port.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising:

receiving a first message sent by a terminal or other network equipment;

acquiring first quintuple information of the first message, wherein the first quintuple information comprises a first source Internet Protocol (IP) address, a first destination IP address, a first source port, a first destination port and a protocol;

searching the first quintuple information in a preset access control list;

if the first quintuple information is found in the access control list, second quintuple information including the first destination IP address as a second source IP address, the first source IP address as a second destination IP address, the first destination port as a second source port, the second source port as a second destination port and the protocol is found in an important flow information table, and if the second quintuple information is not found in the important flow information table, the second quintuple information is established in the important flow information table.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:

acquiring the generated second message;

searching the third quintuple information of the second message in the important flow information table;

if the third quintuple information is found in the important traffic information table, adding the second message into the important traffic cache queue;

and if the third quintuple information is not found in the important flow information table, adding the second message into an unimportant flow cache queue.

6. A message processing device applied to a network device is characterized in that the device comprises:

the determining module is used for determining the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue;

a selecting module, configured to select a designated member port from aggregation ports of the network device according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network device;

and the forwarding module is used for forwarding each message included in the important flow cache queue through the designated member port.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the determining module is configured to determine an actual bandwidth required by the important traffic buffer queue according to each packet included in a preset important traffic buffer queue, and is specifically configured to:

counting the total message length and the number of the messages of all the messages included in the important flow cache queue;

dividing the total length of the messages by the number of the messages to obtain the average length of the messages of the important flow cache queue;

determining a first average value of the maximum message length and the minimum message length in the message lengths of all messages included in the important flow cache queue;

determining whether the average length of the messages is smaller than the first average value;

if the average length of the messages is determined to be equal to or larger than the first average value, determining the total length of the messages as the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue;

if the average message length is smaller than the first average value, determining a second average value of the minimum message length and the first average value, and determining whether the average message length is smaller than the second average value, if the average message length is smaller than the second average value, determining a first set multiple of the total message length as an actual bandwidth required by the important traffic cache queue; and if the average length of the messages is determined to be greater than or equal to the second average value, determining a second set multiple of the total length of the messages as the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue.

8. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the selecting module is configured to select a specific member port from the aggregation ports of the network devices according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network devices, and is specifically configured to:

selecting a member port with an open state from all member ports of the aggregation port of the network equipment to obtain a candidate member port set;

calculating a difference between a total bandwidth of the network device and the actual bandwidth;

and selecting a member port with the bandwidth sum not exceeding and closest to the difference value from the candidate member port set according to a preset algorithm to obtain the appointed member port.

9. The apparatus of any of claims 6-8, further comprising:

the receiving module is used for receiving a first message sent by a terminal or other network equipment;

a first obtaining module, configured to obtain first quintuple information of the first packet, where the first quintuple information includes a first source IP address, a first destination IP address, a first source port, a first destination port, and a protocol;

the first searching module is used for searching the first quintuple information in a preset access control list;

an establishing module, configured to search, if the first quintuple information is found in the access control list, second quintuple information including the first destination IP address as a second source IP address, the first source IP address as a second destination IP address, the first destination port as a second source port, the second source port as a second destination port, and the protocol in an important traffic information table, and establish the second quintuple information in the important traffic information table if the second quintuple information is not found in the important traffic information table.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:

the second obtaining module is used for obtaining the generated second message;

the second searching module is used for searching the third quintuple information of the second message in the important flow information table;

an adding module, configured to add the second packet to the important traffic cache queue if the third quintuple information is found in the important traffic information table; and if the third quintuple information is not found in the important flow information table, adding the second message into an unimportant flow cache queue.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory are communicated with each other through the communication bus;

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for implementing the method steps of any of claims 1-5 when executing a program stored on a memory.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method steps of any one of the claims 1-5.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of network communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for processing a packet.

Background

With the rapid development of network technology, the number of users is increasing, and more messages are received by network devices and sent by the users through terminals. Generally, after analyzing and processing a message from a terminal, a network device also needs to send a response message to the terminal, and if a large number of sudden messages on a network need to respond, the response message may be much larger than the received message, and if the bandwidth of an interface is not enough to meet the requirement of a service on the bandwidth, packet loss may occur, so that a user sending the message cannot obtain the response message.

Some services are tolerable in terms of packet loss, and some services are intolerable in terms of service interruption due to packet loss. Therefore, how to reduce the packet loss rate in the packet processing process is an urgent problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for processing a packet, so as to reduce a packet loss rate in a packet processing process.

Specifically, the method is realized through the following technical scheme:

a message processing method is applied to network equipment, and comprises the following steps:

determining the actual bandwidth required by an important flow cache queue according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue;

selecting a designated member port from the aggregation ports of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment;

and forwarding each message included in the important flow cache queue through the appointed member port.

A message processing device is applied to network equipment, and the device comprises:

the determining module is used for determining the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue;

a selecting module, configured to select a designated member port from aggregation ports of the network device according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network device;

and the forwarding module is used for forwarding each message included in the important flow cache queue through the designated member port.

An electronic device comprises a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor and the communication interface are used for realizing mutual communication by the memory through the communication bus;

a memory for storing a computer program;

a processor for implementing the above method steps when executing the program stored in the memory.

A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the above-mentioned method steps.

According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue can be determined according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue, then the appointed member port is selected from the aggregation port of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment, each message included by the important flow cache queue is forwarded through the appointed member port, the appointed member port can be distributed to the important flow cache queue in real time, and the bandwidth of the appointed member port is enough to meet the requirement of the important flow cache queue, so that each message included by the important flow cache queue can be normally sent, and the packet loss rate of the message included by the important flow cache queue is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a message processing method shown in the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a message processing apparatus shown in the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device shown in the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.

In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a message processing method to reduce a packet loss rate in a message processing process. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a message processing method applied to a network device.

S11: and determining the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue.

An important traffic buffer queue can be preset, and as the name suggests, messages of important traffic to be sent can be stored in the important traffic buffer queue. When the message is processed, the important flow buffer queue is changed in real time, so that the actual bandwidth required by the important flow buffer queue can be determined in real time according to each message included in the preset important flow buffer queue.

S12: and selecting a specified member port from the aggregation ports of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment.

A plurality of ports for forwarding a packet on the network device may form an aggregation port, and generally, all member ports of the aggregation port are not required to participate in forwarding the packet, so that a part of member ports may be selected from the aggregation port of the network device according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network device, and the part of member ports may be defined as designated member ports.

S13: and forwarding each message included in the important flow cache queue through the appointed member port.

According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue can be determined according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue, then the appointed member port is selected from the aggregation port of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment, each message included by the important flow cache queue is forwarded through the appointed member port, the appointed member port can be distributed to the important flow cache queue in real time, and the bandwidth of the appointed member port is enough to meet the requirement of the important flow cache queue, so that each message included by the important flow cache queue can be normally sent, and the packet loss rate of the message included by the important flow cache queue is reduced.

Specifically, the determining, according to each message included in the preset important traffic buffer queue, the actual bandwidth required by the important traffic buffer queue in S11 specifically includes:

counting the total message length and the number of messages of all messages included in the important flow cache queue;

dividing the total length of the messages by the number of the messages to obtain the average length of the messages of the important flow cache queue;

determining a first average value of the maximum message length and the minimum message length in the message lengths of all messages included in the important flow cache queue;

determining whether the average length of the message is smaller than a first average value;

if the average length of the message is determined to be equal to or larger than the first average value, determining the total length of the message as the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue;

if the average length of the messages is smaller than the first average value, determining a second average value of the minimum message length and the first average value, determining whether the average length of the messages is smaller than the second average value, and if the average length of the messages is smaller than the second average value, determining a first set multiple of the total length of the messages as an actual bandwidth required by an important flow cache queue; and if the average length of the messages is determined to be larger than or equal to the second average value, determining a second set multiple of the total length of the messages as the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue.

Because extra information such as a lead code is required to be attached when the message is sent, the bandwidth required when the message is sent is more than the length of the message, and the smaller the message is, the larger the proportion of the extra information is. Therefore, when the average packet length of the important traffic buffer queue is smaller, the more additional bandwidth is required. In order to prevent congestion and other problems during packet sending caused by too small reserved bandwidth, more bandwidth needs to be allocated to the packets in the important traffic buffer queue. The first setting multiple may be, but is not limited to, 120%, and the second setting multiple may be, but is not limited to, 110%.

Specifically, in the above S12, selecting the designated member port from the aggregation ports of the network device according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network device, the implementation process specifically includes:

selecting a member port with an open state from all member ports of an aggregation port of network equipment to obtain a candidate member port set;

calculating the difference value between the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment;

and selecting the member port with the bandwidth sum not exceeding and closest to the difference value from the candidate member port set according to a preset algorithm to obtain the appointed member port.

The status of each member port of the aggregation port of the network device may be open or closed, and a member port whose status is open needs to be selected from the member ports, and the member ports form a candidate member port set a; if the total bandwidth of the network device is B0 and the actual bandwidth required by the important traffic cache queue is B, the difference between B0 and B can be calculated, a member port set A1 with the bandwidth sum not exceeding and closest to the difference is selected from the candidate member port sets according to a preset algorithm and is used for forwarding messages of the unimportant traffic cache queue, and the rest member port sets (A-A1) are designated member ports for forwarding the important traffic cache queue. There are many preset algorithms, and two algorithms are listed below for explanation, one is an algorithm of 0/1 knapsack problem; another algorithm is to sort the bandwidths of the member ports of the aggregated ports from small to large, and then remove the port with the smallest bandwidth from the sorted port until the sum of the bandwidths of all the culled port sets a1 does not exceed and is closest to the difference, and the rest of the member port sets (a-a1) are the required designated member ports.

In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises:

receiving a first message sent by a terminal or other network equipment;

acquiring first quintuple information of a first message, wherein the first quintuple information comprises a first source Internet Protocol (IP) address, a first destination IP address, a first source port, a first destination port and a Protocol;

searching first quintuple information in a preset access control list;

if the first quintuple information is found in the access control list, second quintuple information comprising a second source IP address as a first destination IP address, a second destination IP address as a first source IP address, a second source port as a first destination port and a second source port as a second destination port and a protocol is found in the important flow information table, and if the second quintuple information is not found in the important flow information table, the second quintuple information is established in the important flow information table.

A terminal or other network equipment sends messages to the network equipment, the messages can be defined as first messages, quintuple information carried by the first messages can be defined as first quintuple information, and then whether the first quintuple information needs to be stored in an important flow information table is determined according to an access control list on the network equipment. If the first quintuple information is found in the preset access control list, it is described that the flow to which the first message belongs can be called as important flow, therefore, second quintuple information including a first destination IP address as a second source IP address, a first source IP address as a second destination IP address, a first destination port as a second source port, a second source port as a second destination port and a protocol can be found in an important flow information table, if the second quintuple information is not found in the important flow information table, the second quintuple information is created in the important flow information table, the first quintuple information and the second quintuple information can be found by comparing, and the second quintuple information is that the source and destination IP addresses in the first quintuple information are exchanged and the original destination port is exchanged; if the first quintuple information is not found in the preset access control list, it is indicated that the traffic to which the first message belongs can be called as unimportant traffic, and the second quintuple information does not need to be found in the important traffic information list.

In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises:

acquiring the generated second message;

searching the third quintuple information of the second message in the important flow information table;

if the third quintuple information is found in the important flow information table, adding the second message into an important flow cache queue;

and if the third quintuple information is not found in the important flow information table, adding the second message into the unimportant flow cache queue.

Two buffer queues may be set for important traffic and unimportant traffic, one for important traffic and one for unimportant traffic. The network device usually responds to the received messages, which may be defined as second messages, and determines which queue the second message is added to according to an important traffic information table, if the quintuple information of the second message is defined as third quintuple information, the third quintuple information may be searched in the important traffic information table, and if the third quintuple information is searched in the important traffic information table, which indicates that the traffic to which the second message belongs is important traffic, the second message is added to an important traffic cache queue; and if the third quintuple information is not found in the important flow information table, which indicates that the flow to which the second message belongs is the unimportant flow, adding the second message into the unimportant flow cache queue.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a message processing apparatus shown in the present application, which is applied to a network device, and the apparatus includes:

the determining module 21 is configured to determine an actual bandwidth required by the important traffic buffer queue according to each message included in the preset important traffic buffer queue;

a selecting module 22, configured to select a designated member port from aggregation ports of network devices according to a total bandwidth and an actual bandwidth of the network devices;

and the forwarding module 23 is configured to forward each packet included in the important traffic buffer queue through the designated member port.

According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue can be determined according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue, then the appointed member port is selected from the aggregation port of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment, each message included by the important flow cache queue is forwarded through the appointed member port, the appointed member port can be distributed to the important flow cache queue in real time, and the bandwidth of the appointed member port is enough to meet the requirement of the important flow cache queue, so that each message included by the important flow cache queue can be normally sent, and the packet loss rate of the message included by the important flow cache queue is reduced.

Specifically, the determining module 21 is configured to determine, according to each message included in a preset important traffic buffer queue, an actual bandwidth required by the important traffic buffer queue, and specifically configured to:

counting the total message length and the number of messages of all messages included in the important flow cache queue;

dividing the total length of the messages by the number of the messages to obtain the average length of the messages of the important flow cache queue;

determining a first average value of the maximum message length and the minimum message length in the message lengths of all messages included in the important flow cache queue;

determining whether the average length of the message is smaller than a first average value;

if the average length of the message is determined to be equal to or larger than the first average value, determining the total length of the message as the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue;

if the average length of the messages is smaller than the first average value, determining a second average value of the minimum message length and the first average value, determining whether the average length of the messages is smaller than the second average value, and if the average length of the messages is smaller than the second average value, determining a first set multiple of the total length of the messages as an actual bandwidth required by an important flow cache queue; and if the average length of the messages is determined to be larger than or equal to the second average value, determining a second set multiple of the total length of the messages as the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue.

Specifically, the selecting module 22 is configured to select a specified member port from aggregation ports of the network device according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network device, and specifically configured to:

selecting a member port with an open state from all member ports of an aggregation port of network equipment to obtain a candidate member port set;

calculating the difference value between the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment;

and selecting the member port with the bandwidth sum not exceeding and closest to the difference value from the candidate member port set according to a preset algorithm to obtain the appointed member port.

In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:

the receiving module is used for receiving a first message sent by a terminal or other network equipment;

the first obtaining module is used for obtaining first quintuple information of the first message, wherein the first quintuple information comprises a first source IP address, a first destination IP address, a first source port, a first destination port and a protocol;

the first searching module is used for searching the first quintuple information in a preset access control list;

the establishing module is configured to search, if the first quintuple information is found in the access control list, second quintuple information including a protocol and a second source IP address as a first destination IP address, a second destination IP address as a first source IP address, a second source port as a first destination port and a second destination port as a second source port in the important traffic information table, and establish the second quintuple information in the important traffic information table if the second quintuple information is not found in the important traffic information table.

In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus further comprises:

the second obtaining module is used for obtaining the generated second message;

the second searching module is used for searching the third quintuple information of the second message in the important flow information table;

the adding module is used for adding the second message into the important flow cache queue if the third quintuple information is found in the important flow information table; and if the third quintuple information is not found in the important flow information table, adding the second message into the unimportant flow cache queue.

For the device embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the method embodiments, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

An electronic device is further provided in the embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 3, which includes a processor 310, a communication interface 320, a memory 330, and a communication bus 340, wherein the processor 310, the communication interface 320, and the memory 330 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 340.

A memory 330 for storing a computer program;

the processor 310 is configured to implement the message processing method according to any of the above embodiments when executing the program stored in the memory 330.

The communication interface 320 is used for communication between the above-described electronic device and other devices.

The Memory may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one disk Memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor.

The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but may also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component.

According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue can be determined according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue, then the appointed member port is selected from the aggregation port of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment, each message included by the important flow cache queue is forwarded through the appointed member port, the appointed member port can be distributed to the important flow cache queue in real time, and the bandwidth of the appointed member port is enough to meet the requirement of the important flow cache queue, so that each message included by the important flow cache queue can be normally sent, and the packet loss rate of the message included by the important flow cache queue is reduced.

Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the message processing method described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the actual bandwidth required by the important flow cache queue can be determined according to each message included by the preset important flow cache queue, then the appointed member port is selected from the aggregation port of the network equipment according to the total bandwidth and the actual bandwidth of the network equipment, each message included by the important flow cache queue is forwarded through the appointed member port, the appointed member port can be distributed to the important flow cache queue in real time, and the bandwidth of the appointed member port is enough to meet the requirement of the important flow cache queue, so that each message included by the important flow cache queue can be normally sent, and the packet loss rate of the message included by the important flow cache queue is reduced.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.