阅读说明：本技术 磁化旋转部件的制造方法、旋转部件以及旋转部件的旋转的测量系统 (Method for manufacturing magnetized rotating member, and system for measuring rotation of rotating member ) 是由 弗洛里安·拉普帕波特 于 2018-11-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种能够围绕轴线旋转的部件的制造方法,该制造方法包括以下步骤：在制造旋转部件期间,在所成形的部件的至少一个预定区域中,将磁性材料结合到粉末中。本发明还涉及一种使用该方法获得的旋转部件,并且涉及一种通过使用能够检测磁性材料结合到其中的区域的通过的至少一个传感器来测量由该方法获得的旋转部件的旋转的系统。(The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a component that can be rotated about an axis, comprising the following steps: during the manufacture of the rotating component, magnetic material is incorporated into the powder in at least one predetermined area of the formed component. The invention also relates to a rotating component obtained using this method, and to a system for measuring the rotation of a rotating component obtained by this method, by using at least one sensor capable of detecting the passage of the zone in which the magnetic material is incorporated.)

1. A method of manufacturing a rotating component that rotates about an axis, the method comprising:

-a step of producing a shaped part from a material in powder form,

-a step of obtaining the rotating member from the shaped member, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: incorporating a magnetic material into the powder during the production of the shaped part in at least one predetermined area of the shaped part, called magnetized area, the magnetic material having the following characteristics:

-a remanence (Br) greater than or equal to 0.1T;

curie temperature (T)_c) Greater than or equal to 250 ℃;

-a hardness comprised between 75% and 125% of the hardness of the material of the shaped part and a density comprised between 80% and 120% of the density of the material of the shaped part.

2. The method of manufacturing of claim 1, wherein the magnetic material is samarium cobalt, neodymium, or AlNiCo alloy.

3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic material is incorporated in a form of particles or pellets.

4. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the magnetized region is a region of the member corresponding to an eccentric region of the axis of the rotating member.

5. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step of producing the rotating component from the powder and integrating the magnetic material is performed by additive manufacturing, preferably by sintering or laser melting.

6. The manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the step of obtaining the rotary component comprises a step of machining the shaped component and/or a step of assembling the shaped component with another component in order to form the rotary component.

7. A rotating component obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said rotating component comprises at least one integrated magnetized area.

8. A measurement system for measuring the rotational speed of a rotating component according to claim 7, characterized in that the measurement system comprises a plurality of sensors arranged in the vicinity of the area of the rotating component comprising the magnetic material and configured such that during rotation of the rotating component each sensor detects the passage of the magnetized area in front of each sensor in a different angular sector.

9. The measurement system of claim 8, wherein at least one sensor is disposed in a hollow web of the rotating component.

10. The measurement system of claim 8 or 9, wherein the sensors of the plurality of sensors are configured such that each sensor detects the passage of a plurality of magnetized regions in different angular sectors.

11. A measuring system according to any of claims 8-10, characterized in that at least one sensor is movable, the position of which sensor is known at any time in relation to the area of the rotating component comprising the magnetic material.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rotating part, in particular in order to obtain a rotating part whose rotation speed can be measured by means of a suitable measuring system. The method and system are particularly suitable for the industrial field of aircraft, more generally vehicles, and for rotating parts subject to great stresses, in particular rotating parts of gearboxes, which are in environments that can be subject to oil mist, a wide temperature range (in particular between-54 ℃ to 200 ℃) and vibrations.

Background

Disclosure of Invention

To this end, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a rotating member that rotates about an axis, the method comprising:

-a step of producing a shaped part from a material in powder form,

-a step of obtaining the rotating member from the shaped part, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: during the production of the shaped part, in predetermined areas of the shaped part, called magnetized areas, a magnetic material is incorporated into the powder, which magnetic material has the following characteristics:

-a remanence (Br) greater than or equal to 0.1T;

curie temperature (T)_c) Greater than or equal to 250 ℃;

-the hardness is between 75% and 125% of the hardness of the material of the shaped part and the density is between 80% and 120% of the density of the material of the shaped part.

The method according to the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a rotating component having magnetized areas in which the magnetic material is present, without the need to add additional components, since the magnetized areas are directly produced by bonding the magnetic material during the production of the component itself from powder. By choosing a material which has ideally the same hardness and density as the material of the shaped part and which is at least close to the material of the shaped part, the magnetized area will therefore not introduce a significant imbalance into the rotating component, and the hardness in this area will be very uniform in and around the magnetized area. The hardness is preferably expressed in vickers hardness or other types of hardness depending on the measurement mode. The magnetized area forms a locally magnetized portion of the rotating member. Furthermore, there is no risk of detachment of the magnetized areas due to centrifugal forces when the component is rotated.

Preferably, where D is the hardness of the magnetic material, X is the density of the magnetic material, D is the hardness of the shaped part and X is the density of the shaped part, D ═ D ± (kD)/100 where k ═ 25 or 20 or 15 or 10 or 5, the lowest being the most preferred, and X ═ X ± ((nX)/100) where n ═ 20 or 15 or 10 or 5, the lowest being the most preferred.

In addition, a remanence greater than or equal to 0.1T (generally identified by the term Br in the literature) results in a high magnetic power, which enables detection of disturbances in the magnetic field caused by the magnetized regions to be ensured when using the rotating component with a measurement system for measuring the rotational speed of the rotating component.

Finally, a Curie temperature (generally defined by the term T in the literature) greater than or equal to 250 ℃_cIdentification) ensures that the magnetized area is within the temperature range to which the rotating component is subjected in the gearbox (e.g., typically [ -54 ℃; 200 deg.C]) While maintaining sufficient magnetization. The temperature rise does not lead to demagnetization. Preferably, the temperature coefficient of remanence should be low (less than or equal to 1%/deg.C) in order to limit the change in remanence in the event of a temperature change.

In addition, the magnetized area is a predetermined area, for example calculated, so that the presence of the magnetic material has a minimal effect on the mechanical stress in the operation of the rotating part.

The material used for manufacturing the shaped part is for example a metal or a metal alloy, such as a steel alloy (e.g. 16NCD13, 32CDV13 or 40CDV 12).

The shaped part is the result of powder processing and then further processed if necessary to obtain a rotating part. Advantageously and according to the invention, the step of obtaining the rotary component comprises a step of machining the shaped component and/or a step of assembling the shaped component with another component so as to form the rotary component.

A rotating component is also referred to as a rotating component and refers to a component whose primary function requires its rotation, in particular to transmit torque or motion. The rotating member is, for example, a shaft (particularly, a propeller shaft), a pinion gear, or the like.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the magnetic material is samarium cobalt, neodymium or AlNiCo alloy.

According to this aspect of the invention, samarium cobalt, neodymium, or AlNiCo are commonly used to fabricate magnets and have the characteristics described above.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the magnetic material is incorporated in the form of granules or pellets (pastille).

According to this aspect of the invention, the granular or pellet form allows for easy incorporation of the magnetic material into the powder during manufacture of the shaped part. The particles mix with the powder forming the material and make the material non-uniform, while the granules are small components of variable size and shape, forming a uniform whole, integrated into the shaped part during the manufacture thereof.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the magnetized zone is a zone of the component corresponding to an eccentric zone of the axis of the rotating component.

According to this aspect of the invention, during rotation of the rotating member, the magnetized region rotates about the axis due to the rotation of the rotating member. Thus, as described below, the passage of the magnetized area in front of the sensor receiving the magnetic change can be detected.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the step of producing the rotating part from powder and the integrated magnetic material are performed by additive manufacturing, preferably by sintering or laser melting.

According to this aspect of the invention, additive manufacturing, in particular sintering or laser melting, is particularly suitable for manufacturing objects from powder and allows easy incorporation of magnetic materials when producing shaped parts.

The invention also relates to a rotating component obtained by the method according to the invention, characterized in that it comprises integrated magnetized zones.

Thus, the rotating component according to the invention is free of unbalance and suitable for use in an environment such as a gearbox. In addition, the rotation speed of the rotating member can be easily measured.

Advantageously and according to the invention, the magnetized zone is eccentric with respect to the axis of the rotating member.

According to this aspect of the invention, the magnetized area describes a circular motion during rotation of the rotating component, and the time between two passes of the magnetized area in front of the sensor represents the rotational speed of the rotating component.

The invention also relates to a measuring system for measuring the rotational speed of a rotating component according to the invention, characterized in that the measuring system comprises a plurality of sensors which are arranged in the vicinity of a region of the rotating component comprising magnetic material and are configured such that during rotation of the rotating component each sensor detects the passage of a magnetized region in front of each sensor in a different angular sector.

The measuring system according to the invention allows measuring the speed of the rotating component obtained by the method according to the invention, thanks to the presence of at least one sensor arranged such that it detects the passage of the magnetized area in the vicinity of the at least one sensor by a variation of the magnetic field. The sensors are, for example, active sensors (hall effect or magneto-resistive type), or passive sensors (eddy current type). The sensors are, for example, fixed sensors or mobile sensors, the position of which is known at any time relative to the position of the magnetized sectors of the rotating component.

Thus, a measurement of the rotational speed can be obtained without contact and can be performed in an environment containing oil mist, a wide operating temperature range (in particular [ -54 ℃; 200 ℃ ]), as well as in a vibrating environment.

In order to increase the resolution of the measuring system, it is possible to use a plurality of sensors, each sensor detecting the passage of a magnetized area in a different angular sector, and/or magnetizing a plurality of angular sectors of the rotating part, and/or using one or more movement sensors.

Advantageously and according to the invention, at least one sensor is arranged in a hollow web of the rotating component.

According to this aspect of the invention, the space requirement of the measuring system is reduced, since at least one sensor (preferably all sensors) is arranged inside the rotating component. For example, the sensor may be arranged on the rotational axis of the rotating component.

Advantageously, the measuring system according to the invention comprises a plurality of sensors configured so that each sensor detects the passage of a plurality of magnetized zones in different angular sectors.

According to this aspect of the invention, the plurality of sensors and the plurality of magnetized regions enable an increase in the resolution of the measurement system.

Advantageously, the measuring system according to the invention comprises at least one movement sensor, the position of which is known at any time with respect to the zone of the rotating component comprising the magnetic material, which is arranged in proximity to the magnetized zones, the system being configured so as to detect the passage of the magnetized zones in front of each sensor during the rotation of the rotating component.

According to this aspect of the invention, the movement sensor can rotate itself, in particular in the opposite direction to the rotating part, to further detect the magnetized area, thereby increasing the resolution of the measurement system without the need to add sensors or magnetized areas.

The invention also relates to a method, a rotating component and a measuring system, which are characterized by incorporating some or all of the above or below features.

Drawings

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will appear when the following description, given purely in a non-exhaustive manner, is read with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 is a schematic view of a manufacturing method of a rotating part according to an embodiment of the invention,

figure 2 is a schematic partial perspective view of a rotating member according to an embodiment of the invention obtained by means of a manufacturing method,

figure 3 is a schematic cut-out perspective view of a rotating component and a measuring system for measuring the rotational speed of the rotating component according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments are examples. Although the description refers to one or more embodiments, this does not necessarily mean that every reference relates to the same embodiment, or that the features only apply to one embodiment. Simple features of different embodiments may also be combined to provide further embodiments. In the drawings, scales and proportions have not been strictly adhered to for purposes of illustration and clarity.

FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a method 10 for manufacturing a rotating component according to an embodiment of the invention. Circles represent products and rectangles represent steps that allow going from one product to another.

The first step shown is step 12 of producing a shaped part 16 from material 14 in powder form. This production step, known in the art, is preferably performed by additive manufacturing, for example by sintering or laser melting.

The second step shown is step 18 of obtaining a rotating member 20 from the forming member 16. This step includes, for example, machining steps to form the part 16, but other known processing steps may also be included in the manufacture of industrial parts.

The particularity of the method according to the invention is that it comprises the steps 21: during the step of producing the shaped part 16, the magnetic material 22, for example in the form of particles or granules, is incorporated into the powder in predetermined regions of the shaped part 16, called magnetized regions (e.g. by calculation). In contrast to prior art techniques where magnetic components are added to the rotating component, the present invention allows for direct bonding during production of the component.

Fig. 2 shows schematically and partially in perspective a rotating member 20 according to an embodiment of the invention obtained by the above-described manufacturing method. Thus, the rotating part 20 (here the pinion) comprises a magnetized area 24, which is visible here on the outer face of the pinion.

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a cut-away schematic perspective view of a rotating component and a measurement system for measuring a rotational speed of the rotating component, according to an embodiment of the invention. The rotating part 20 here comprises a magnetized region 24 which is arranged inside a hollow web 26 of the rotating part 20. In the center of the hollow web 26, the sensor 28 of the measuring system is arranged in the region of the axis of rotation of the rotating part 20. The sensor 28 is arranged such that the passage of the magnetized regions 24 in front of the sensor can be detected, such that the rotational speed of the rotating component 20 can be easily determined from the time elapsed between each passage of the magnetized regions 24. To improve the resolution of the measurement, a plurality of sensors may be used, each sensor detecting the passage of the magnetized area 24 in a different angular sector. The arrangement of the sensors in the hollow web 26 of the rotating part reduces the space requirement of the measuring system.

The sensor is a sensor that can detect changes in the surrounding magnetic field, in particular changes in the surrounding magnetic field caused by magnetized areas. The sensor is, for example, an active sensor of the hall effect or magneto-resistive type, or a passive sensor of the eddy current type. More generally, the sensor enables, for example, to provide an output signal of value 0 when the detected magnetic field is lower than a reference value, and of value 1 when the detected magnetic field is higher than the reference value.

The measurement system also includes conventional elements for retrieving the output signal, determining the rotational speed of the rotating component from the output signal (e.g., a computing unit), providing the value of the rotational speed to other devices, powering sensors if needed, and the like.

For a rotating component according to other embodiments, for example as described with reference to fig. 2, the sensor may be arranged outside the rotating component instead of in the hollow web of the rotating component.