阅读说明：本技术 一种无创呼吸机的呼气末co2监测装置及方法 (End-tidal CO of noninvasive ventilator2Monitoring device and method ) 是由 李玮 季心宇 马德东 韩毅 马志祥 孟祥伟 于 2020-03-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开提出了一种呼吸机的呼气末CO<Sub>2</Sub>监测装置及方法,通过设置隔离装置能够减少输氧段氧气通过管道直接进入呼气管,减小氧气造成监测结果的误差。设置了第一气室,在第一气室中对气体暂存能够有效标记呼出气体中二氧化碳并进行探测,同时通过对患者呼出气体内水蒸气含量测定,可以在监测过程中尽量消除水蒸气冷凝造成的误差,尽可能消除水分对实验结果的影响,提高呼气末CO<Sub>2</Sub>浓度检测的准确性。(The present disclosure presents an end-tidal CO of a ventilator 2 According to the monitoring device and the monitoring method, the isolation device is arranged, so that the situation that oxygen in the oxygen delivery section directly enters the expiratory tube through a pipeline can be reduced, and the error of the monitoring result caused by the oxygen is reduced. Having set up first air chamber, having kept in the first air chamber to gas and can effectively mark carbon dioxide in the expired gas and survey, simultaneously through vapor assay to in the patient expired gas, can eliminate the error that the vapor condensation caused as far as possible in the monitoring process, eliminate the influence of moisture to the experimental result as far as possible, improve end-expiratory CO 2 Accuracy of concentration detection.)

1. End-tidal CO of noninvasive ventilator₂Monitoring devices, characterized by: including coupling hose, coupling hose connects breather valve, noninvasive ventilator's oxygen therapy pipe and carbon dioxide exhale tube respectively, the end of giving vent to anger of carbon dioxide exhale tube is connected with first air chamber and monitor terminal, set up CO in the first air chamber₂The detection device and the moisture sensor are respectively used for detecting CO₂Concentration and humidity data in the gas, and the monitoring terminal detects CO according to the detected humidity data₂Correcting the concentration and outputting end-tidal CO₂The waveform of the partial pressure changes with time.

2. The end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator of claim 1₂Monitoring devices, characterized by: CO2₂The detection device comprises an infrared light source and an infrared detector, and the infrared heat detector is connected with the monitoring terminal;

or the connecting hose is a Y-shaped hose.

3. The end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator of claim 2₂Monitoring devices, characterized by: the infrared light source is a nickel-chromium wire and emits infrared light after being electrified and heated.

4. The end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator of claim 1₂Monitoring devices, characterized by: the monitoring terminal comprises a gas composition spectrum analyzer and a human-computer interaction module, and the composition spectrum analyzer analyzes spectrum data to obtain CO₂And (4) drawing and displaying a CO2 periodic variation curve according to the variation of the CO2 partial pressure parameter by the man-machine interaction module.

5. The end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator of claim 1₂Monitoring devices, characterized by: the connecting hose, the carbon dioxide exhaling pipe or/and the oxygen therapy pipe are/is provided with isolating devices for reducing oxygen of the oxygen therapy pipe from being mixed into the exhaled air;

or a first isolating device is arranged at the joint of the connecting hose and the carbon dioxide exhalation tube, and a second isolating device is arranged at the joint of the connecting hose and the oxygen therapy tube.

6. The end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator of claim 5₂Monitoring devices, characterized by:

the first isolating device and the second isolating device are gas one-way valve plates, the one-way valve plate of the second isolating device is opened to the end of the connecting hose in one way, and the one-way valve plate of the first isolating device is opened to the end 5 of the carbon dioxide exhalation pipe in one way;

or

The first isolation device is a first diode switch device, the second isolation device is a second diode switch device, the first diode switch device and the second diode switch device are identical in structure and are ideal diode switch devices, the ideal diode switch devices comprise electromagnetic valves and pressure sensors which are arranged on hoses, and control circuits which control the electromagnetic valves to be opened and closed, the pressure sensors are arranged on gas inlet faces of valve plates of the electromagnetic valves, the pressure sensors are electrically connected with the control circuits, the control circuits comprise controllers and diodes which are connected with output ports of the controllers, and the controllers are respectively connected with the pressure sensors and the electromagnetic valves.

Optionally, the buzzer alarm is further included, the buzzer alarm is respectively connected with diodes of the first diode switch device and the second diode switch device, the two diodes are respectively connected with control signal ends of the buzzer alarm, and when the two control signal ends of the buzzer alarm receive signals of connection of the two diodes, the buzzer works.

7. End-tidal CO of noninvasive ventilator₂The monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

turning on the noninvasive ventilator to start oxygen therapy, and setting a switch of an inhaled and exhaled gas pipeline according to the respiratory frequency;

collecting exhaled air at the output end, and acquiring humidity data and CO of the detected exhaled air₂Concentration data, based on humidity data of exhaled air, for detecting CO₂Correcting the concentration to obtain CO of the corrected end-tidal gas₂Concentration;

CO from modified end-tidal gas₂The concentration adopts a gas source component spectral analysis method to obtain CO₂A partial pressure parameter;

according to CO₂Partial pressure parameters, establishing CO by least square method₂Partial pressure periodic variation function model, solving the model to obtain CO₂Analysis waveform of partial pressure change with time.

8. The end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator of claim 7₂The monitoring method is characterized in that: detecting CO from exhaled breath humidity data pairs₂Correcting the concentration to obtain CO of the corrected end-tidal gas₂The concentration method specifically comprises the following steps:

detection of CO by infrared detector₂Spectral data of concentration, and obtaining CO by Fourier transform₂A concentration parameter.

9. The end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator of claim 7₂The monitoring method is characterized in that: CO establishment using least squares₂The partial pressure periodic variation function model is as follows:

wherein Y represents CO2 partial pressure value, T represents time, K represents unknown relation coefficient, m represents m parameters, n represents n unknown relation coefficients K, and m > n.

10. The end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator of claim 7₂The monitoring method is characterized in that: solving the model to obtain CO₂The method for analyzing the waveform periodically between partial pressure and time comprises the following steps: vectorizing the model, based on the residual sum of squares function, so that the CO₂The relation coefficient between partial pressure and time is the only solution to obtain CO₂Coefficient of partial pressure versus time.

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of breathing machines, in particular to end-tidal CO of a breathing machine₂Provided are a monitoring device and a monitoring method.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

End-tidal CO is often sampled in clinical anesthesia and monitoring₂Partial pressure is used for ensuring normal lung ventilation and air exchange functions of a patient in a perioperative period. End-tidal CO₂The partial pressure can reflect lung ventilation and lung blood flow, and the ventilation volume is adjusted according to the partial pressure when a respirator is clinically used and anesthetized, so that the partial pressure is kept to be close to the preoperative level. Thus, end-tidal CO₂After data obtained by partial pressure monitoring are integrated, relatively accurate respiratory support and respiratory management can be carried out on anesthesia patients, respiratory disease patients and the like.

Monitoring end-tidal CO at present₂The method is basically blood drawing test, can not realize non-invasive monitoring, and simultaneously, blood delivery test can not be efficiently and quickly carried out, and the treatment efficiency is not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The disclosure provides an end-expiratory CO of a breathing machine to solve the problems₂A monitoring device and method, which overcomes the defect of CO in the exhaled gas in the prior art₂Partial pressure measurement error is big, compensates the error that various factors caused, comparatively accurate monitoring patient end-tidal CO₂Partial pressure, establishing CO by using least squares related theory₂The partial pressure periodic variation function model reflects the conditions of lung ventilation, lung blood flow and the like, and realizes continuous and quantitative CO₂Partial pressure monitoring is carried out, so that the breathing machine can be adjusted according to the detection result, and effective breathing support and breathing management are carried out.

In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:

one or more embodiments provide an end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator₂Monitoring devices, including coupling hose, coupling hose connects breather valve, noninvasive ventilator's oxygen therapy pipe and carbon dioxide exhale tube respectively, the end of giving vent to anger of carbon dioxide exhale tube is connected with first air chamber and monitor terminal, set up CO in the first air chamber₂The detection device and the moisture sensor are respectively used for detecting CO₂Concentration and humidity data in the gas, the monitoring terminal according to the detectionMeasured humidity data vs. detected CO₂Correcting the concentration and outputting end-tidal CO₂The waveform of the partial pressure changes with time.

One or more embodiments provide an end-tidal CO of a noninvasive ventilator₂The monitoring method comprises the following steps:

turning on the noninvasive ventilator to start oxygen therapy, and setting a switch of an inhaled and exhaled gas pipeline according to the respiratory frequency;

collecting exhaled air at the output end, and acquiring humidity data and CO of the detected exhaled air₂Concentration data, based on humidity data of exhaled air, for detecting CO₂Correcting the concentration to obtain CO of the corrected end-tidal gas₂Concentration;

CO from modified end-tidal gas₂The concentration adopts a gas source component spectral analysis method to obtain CO₂A partial pressure parameter;

according to CO₂Partial pressure parameters, establishing CO by least square method₂Partial pressure periodic variation function model, solving the model to obtain CO₂Analysis waveform of partial pressure change with time.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:

(1) the oxygen inlet pipe can reduce the phenomenon that oxygen in the oxygen delivery section directly enters the expiratory pipe through the pipeline, and the error of the monitoring result caused by the oxygen is reduced. The gas chamber is arranged, carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas can be effectively marked and detected by temporarily storing the gas in the gas chamber, and meanwhile, the error caused by condensation of water vapor can be eliminated as much as possible in the monitoring process through measuring the content of the water vapor in the exhaled gas of the patient, the influence of the moisture on the experimental result is eliminated as much as possible, and the end-expiratory CO is improved₂Accuracy of concentration detection.

(2) The disclosure is by CO₂Partial pressure periodic variation function model capable of correcting CO₂The function curve of partial pressure and time obtains a more accurate and visual display change value, thereby determining the end-tidal CO₂A partial pressure parameter.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to one or more embodiments;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a control flow chart of an isolation device in embodiment 2 of the disclosure;

wherein: 1. the oxygen therapy device comprises a breather valve, 2, a second air chamber, 3, a first air chamber, 5, a carbon dioxide exhalation pipe, 6, an oxygen therapy pipe, 7, a first diode switch device, 8, a second diode switch device, 9 and a man-machine interaction module.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other. The embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.