阅读说明：本技术 可调式主轴锁紧装置及车床主轴箱体结构 (Adjustable spindle locking device and lathe spindle box structure ) 是由 张世洋 汤丽君 汤秀清 于 2020-04-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了可调式主轴锁紧装置,包括定位套筒、压力调节组件和执行活塞,定位套筒能固定主轴,其设压力调节通孔,压力调节组件、执行活塞分别穿过压力调节通孔的两端,压力调节组件与压力调节通孔螺纹连接。本发明还公开了车床主轴箱体结构,包括主轴、机台箱体及上述可调式主轴锁紧装置,定位套筒设于机台箱体端面的一侧,主轴贯穿定位套筒和机台箱体,进而使压力调节组件在压力调节通孔中旋进、旋出,从而能使执行活塞往远离或者靠近机台箱体端面的方向移动,以便调节执行活塞施加在机台箱体端面上的压力大小,进而能调节主轴与机台箱体的连接刚度。本发明能实现主轴与机台的有效固定和压力调节作用,保证主轴与机台的连接刚度和连接精度。(The invention discloses an adjustable spindle locking device which comprises a positioning sleeve, a pressure adjusting assembly and an execution piston, wherein the positioning sleeve can fix a spindle and is provided with a pressure adjusting through hole, the pressure adjusting assembly and the execution piston respectively penetrate through two ends of the pressure adjusting through hole, and the pressure adjusting assembly is in threaded connection with the pressure adjusting through hole. The invention also discloses a lathe spindle box structure which comprises a spindle, a machine box body and the adjustable spindle locking device, wherein the positioning sleeve is arranged on one side of the end face of the machine box body, the spindle penetrates through the positioning sleeve and the machine box body, so that the pressure adjusting assembly is screwed in and out of the pressure adjusting through hole, the execution piston can move in the direction far away from or close to the end face of the machine box body, the pressure applied to the end face of the machine box body by the execution piston can be adjusted, and the connection rigidity of the spindle and the machine box body can be adjusted. The invention can realize the effective fixation and pressure regulation of the main shaft and the machine table, and ensure the connection rigidity and connection precision of the main shaft and the machine table.)

1. The adjustable spindle locking device is characterized in that: including positioning sleeve, pressure adjustment subassembly and be used for the execution piston of being connected with board box terminal surface, set up the main shaft mounting hole that is used for fixed main shaft on the positioning sleeve, still be equipped with the pressure adjustment through-hole on the positioning sleeve, the pressure adjustment subassembly the execution piston passes respectively the both ends of pressure adjustment through-hole, pressure adjustment subassembly and pressure adjustment through-hole threaded connection, through making the pressure adjustment subassembly precession, screw-out in the pressure adjustment through-hole to can adjust apply in the pressure size on the execution piston makes the execution piston is connected or separates with board box terminal surface, and then adjusts the pressure size that the execution piston was applied on board box terminal surface.

2. The adjustable spindle locking device of claim 1, wherein: the pressure regulating assembly is in transmission connection with the actuating piston.

3. The adjustable spindle locking device of claim 2, wherein: and a pressure adjusting cavity is formed between the pressure adjusting assembly and the execution piston, and a hydraulic medium, a gaseous medium or a gas-liquid mixed medium is arranged in the pressure adjusting cavity and used for providing pressure for driving the execution piston to move.

4. The adjustable spindle locking device of claim 3, wherein: the pressure regulating assembly comprises a gland and a pressure regulating piston, the gland penetrates through a pressure regulating through hole and is in threaded connection with the pressure regulating through hole, a connecting through hole is formed in the gland, the pressure regulating piston penetrates through the connecting through hole, and the pressure regulating cavity is located between the pressure regulating piston and the execution piston.

5. The adjustable spindle locking device of claim 4, wherein: the pressure adjusting assembly further comprises an adjusting screw cap, an adjusting screw hole is formed in the adjusting screw cap, and the gland penetrates through the adjusting screw hole and is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw hole.

6. The adjustable spindle locking device of claim 1, wherein: the adjustable spindle locking device further comprises a connecting sleeve, a spindle connecting hole is formed in the connecting sleeve and is used for being communicated with the inside of the machine table box body, the positioning sleeve is used for fixing one end of the spindle, and the connecting sleeve is used for fixing the other end of the spindle and fixedly connected with the other end face of the machine table box body.

7. The adjustable spindle locking device of claim 6, wherein: and the connecting sleeve is provided with a screw for connecting with the other end face of the machine table box body.

8. The adjustable spindle locking device of claim 1, wherein: the locating sleeve is a hydraulic nut.

9. Lathe headstock body structure, its characterized in that: the adjustable spindle locking device comprises a spindle, a machine box body and the adjustable spindle locking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the positioning sleeve is arranged on one side of the end face of the machine box body, the spindle mounting hole is communicated with the interior of the machine box body, the spindle penetrates through the positioning sleeve and the machine box body, the spindle mounting hole is in threaded connection or interference connection with the spindle, and then the pressure adjusting assembly is screwed in and out of the pressure adjusting through hole, so that the actuating piston can be driven to move in a direction away from or close to the end face of the machine box body, the pressure applied to the end face of the machine box body by the actuating piston can be adjusted, and the connection rigidity of the spindle and the machine box body can be adjusted.

Technical Field

The invention relates to lathe spindle equipment, in particular to an adjustable spindle locking device and a lathe spindle box structure.

Background

The main shaft and the machine table box body are connected by generally adopting nose flange connection and rear end auxiliary connection, so that the main shaft and the machine table box body are effectively fixed, the connection rigidity is ensured, the influence of the connection on the main shaft precision and the machining precision is avoided, the optimal matching is pursued, the good machining precision is embodied, and the vibration and the like caused by poor connection are controlled. In order to achieve the purpose, taking a lathe spindle as an example, the nose end is connected by a flange, and the spindle is fixed on a machine table box body by locking screws.

The rear end is fastened in three forms:

1. the locking nut is tightened, the locking nut can provide ten thousands of newtons of pulling force through the specified torque locking, and the rear end of the spindle can be effectively fixed. However, because the verticality of the nut and the parallelism of two planes of the machine box body have errors, the sleeve deforms after being tensioned, so that the problems of larger noise, poor precision, shortened service life and the like caused by the deformation of the bearing raceway are solved; in order to prevent the nut from loosening, a set screw is also added on the end face or in the radial direction, the deformation of the sleeve is aggravated by the locking of the radial set screw, the influence of non-perpendicularity is aggravated by the locking of the end face set screw, and meanwhile, the precision of the matching surface of the machine cabinet body is damaged to influence the maintenance performance;

2. the clamping type is that an opening ring is adopted to tighten and hold the outer circle of the sleeve through a radial screw, the locking torque is too small to be fastened, and the sleeve deforms when the locking force is too large;

3. the end face of the flange is tensioned, the flange is similar to the nose end in fastening, and the rear end of the flange is connected to the cabinet body of the machine table in a flange and screw locking mode. The defects are that the operation is complicated and the difficulty of part processing is high. And, nose end locking direction and rear end locking direction are opposite, and locking can guarantee that the rear end obtains certain supporting effect, but the pretension of main shaft on the quick-witted platform box is offset some in fact, leads to fastening effect to reduce.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an adjustable spindle locking device.

The invention also aims to provide a lathe spindle box structure, which can effectively fix a spindle and a machine box, ensure the connection precision of the spindle and the machine box, improve the connection rigidity, enhance the overall damping, inhibit the spindle vibration, adjust the characteristics according to different scenes, improve the processing effect and meet the requirements of different processing conditions.

One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

main shaft locking device with adjustable include abutment sleeve, pressure adjustment subassembly and be used for the execution piston be connected with board box terminal surface, set up the main shaft mounting hole that is used for fixed main shaft on the abutment sleeve, still be equipped with the pressure adjustment through-hole on the abutment sleeve, the pressure adjustment subassembly the execution piston passes respectively the both ends of pressure adjustment through-hole, pressure adjustment subassembly and pressure adjustment through-hole threaded connection, through making the pressure adjustment subassembly precession, screw-out in the pressure adjustment through-hole to can adjust apply in the pressure size on the execution piston makes the execution piston is connected or separates with board box terminal surface, and then adjusts the pressure size that the execution piston was applied on board box terminal surface.

Further, the pressure regulating assembly is in driving connection with the actuating piston.

Further, a pressure adjusting cavity is formed between the pressure adjusting assembly and the actuating piston, and a hydraulic medium, a gaseous medium or a gas-liquid mixed medium is arranged in the pressure adjusting cavity and used for providing pressure for driving the actuating piston to move.

Further, the pressure regulating assembly comprises a gland and a pressure regulating piston, the gland penetrates through a pressure regulating through hole and is in threaded connection with the pressure regulating through hole, a connecting through hole is formed in the gland, the pressure regulating piston penetrates through the connecting through hole, and the pressure regulating cavity is located between the pressure regulating piston and the execution piston.

Further, the pressure adjusting assembly further comprises an adjusting screw cap, an adjusting screw hole is formed in the adjusting screw cap, and the pressing cover penetrates through the adjusting screw hole and is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw hole.

Further, the adjustable spindle locking device further comprises a connecting sleeve, a spindle connecting hole is formed in the connecting sleeve and used for being communicated with the inside of the machine table box body, the positioning sleeve is used for fixing one end of the spindle, and the connecting sleeve is used for fixing the other end of the spindle and fixedly connected with the other end face of the machine table box body.

Furthermore, the connecting sleeve is provided with a screw for connecting with the other end face of the machine cabinet.

Further, the locating sleeve is a hydraulic nut.

The second purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the lathe main shaft box body structure comprises a main shaft, a machine table box body and the adjustable main shaft locking device, wherein the positioning sleeve is arranged on one side of the end face of the machine table box body, the main shaft mounting hole is communicated with the inside of the machine table box body, the main shaft penetrates through the positioning sleeve and the machine table box body, the main shaft mounting hole is in threaded connection or interference connection with the main shaft, and then the pressure adjusting assembly is screwed in and out of the pressure adjusting through hole, so that the execution piston can be driven to move in the direction away from or close to the end face of the machine table box body, the pressure applied to the end face of the machine table box body by the execution piston can be adjusted, and the connection rigidity of the main shaft and the machine table box.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the design of the invention adopts a hydraulic adjustable damping type main shaft locking device, utilizes hydraulic pressure to provide enough pressure, the end surface of an execution piston can be automatically aligned and directly and vertically pressed on the end surface of a box body when being output by the hydraulic pressure, the reaction force of the pressure can provide backward pulling force for a positioning sleeve, the direction of the backward pulling force is consistent with the direction of the pressing force of a nose end latin, and the main shaft can be effectively fastened. Meanwhile, compared with metal, the hydraulic pressure has a good vibration absorption effect, can effectively absorb vibration energy of the main shaft, and reduces the influence of the vibration of the main shaft on the processing precision and the surface quality. In addition, the pressure adjusting assembly on the hydraulic adjustable damping type main shaft locking device is matched, so that the pressure can be adjusted according to the requirements of different processing occasions, and the connection rigidity and the overall damping (vibration frequency response) are changed, so that the requirements of different processing conditions are met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another angle of the pressure adjustment assembly of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a positioning sleeve; 2. an actuator piston; 3. a main shaft; 4. a machine cabinet body; 5. a pressure regulating chamber; 6. a gland; 7. a pressure regulating piston; 8. adjusting the screw cap; 9. a connecting sleeve; 10. and (4) screws.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.