阅读说明：本技术 一种用于海绵城市的屋顶结构 (Roof structure for sponge city ) 是由 俞露 张亮 李亚 汤钟 丁年 于 2020-03-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于海绵城市的屋顶结构,包括屋面层、防水层、蓄水层和防护网层；屋面层上设有用于排放雨水的屋面雨水口；防水层设于屋面层上,用于防止水下渗至屋面层；蓄水层设于防水层上,蓄水层内设有引流通道,引流通道与屋面雨水口连通,用于实现超过蓄水层的蓄水能力溢流雨水的收集排放；防护网层设于蓄水层上。本发明用于海绵城市的屋顶结构适用于高密度开发的高层建筑塔楼屋顶的建设,能够在保证高层建筑塔楼屋顶排水安全的同时实现对屋面径流的控制,突破了现有绿色屋顶进行屋面雨水径流管理措施的限制。(The invention discloses a roof structure for a sponge city, which comprises a roof layer, a waterproof layer, a water storage layer and a protective net layer, wherein the waterproof layer is arranged on the roof layer; a roof gutter inlet for discharging rainwater is arranged on the roof layer; the waterproof layer is arranged on the roof layer and used for preventing water from infiltrating into the roof layer; the water storage layer is arranged on the waterproof layer, a drainage channel is arranged in the water storage layer, and the drainage channel is communicated with the roof rainwater port and is used for collecting and discharging overflowing rainwater exceeding the water storage capacity of the water storage layer; the protective net layer is arranged on the water storage layer. The roof structure for the sponge city is suitable for building the high-rise building tower roof developed at high density, can control roof runoff while ensuring the drainage safety of the high-rise building tower roof, and breaks through the limitation of roof rainwater runoff management measures on the existing green roof.)

1. A roof structure for a sponge city, comprising:

the roof layer is provided with a roof rainwater port for discharging rainwater;

the waterproof layer is arranged on the roof layer and used for preventing water from infiltrating downwards to the roof layer;

the water storage layer is arranged on the waterproof layer; a drainage channel is arranged in the water storage layer, is communicated with the roof rainwater port and is used for collecting and discharging overflowing rainwater exceeding the water storage capacity of the water storage layer;

the protection net layer is arranged on the water storage layer.

2. The roof structure for a sponge city according to claim 1, wherein the drainage channels are drainage channels dividing the aquifer into a number of water storage modules.

3. The roof structure for a sponge city according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the drainage channels is level with or below the bottom of the aquifer and the top of the drainage channels is level with or above the top of the protective mesh layer.

4. Roof structure for sponge cities according to claim 3, wherein the side walls of the drainage channels are metal partitions.

5. The roof structure for a sponge city according to claim 3, wherein the drainage channels are criss-crossed.

6. The roof structure for a sponge city according to claim 2, wherein the drainage canal comprises a drainage main canal and a drainage branch canal, the drainage branch canal communicating with the drainage main canal, the drainage main canal communicating with the roof gully.

7. The roof structure for a sponge city according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the aquifer is constituted by lightweight porous particles.

8. Roof structure for sponge cities according to claim 7, characterized in that said lightweight porous particles are lightweight porous haydites and/or porous crushed stones.

9. The roof structure for a sponge city according to claim 8, wherein the mesh of the protective mesh layer is 2-5 mm smaller than the particle size of the lightweight porous particles.

10. The roof structure for a sponge city according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the waterproof layer is at least one of a flexible coil waterproof layer, a coated waterproof layer, a rigid metal waterproof layer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building and sponge construction, in particular to a roof structure for a sponge city.

Background

At present, with the rapid growth of urban population and the increasing severity of practical problems such as land resource shortage and ecological conditions, urban building density and volume ratio are continuously increased, and roof coverage and building height are higher and higher. In recent years, China provides a concept of 'sponge city' for solving the problem of urban rainwater management, wherein the management of roof rainwater runoff is an important link of sponge city construction. At present, a common roof rainwater management measure is a green roof, but the green roof has certain requirements on building bearing capacity, plant soil covering, wind resistance and the like, and is only suitable for being built on low-rise buildings and building skirt house roofs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a roof rainwater management measure suitable for the roof of a high-rise building tower developed at high density.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a roof structure for a sponge city, which is suitable for building a high-rise building tower roof developed at high density and can realize the control of roof rainwater runoff while ensuring the drainage safety of the high-rise building tower roof.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a roof structure for a sponge city, comprising:

the roof layer is provided with a roof rainwater port for discharging rainwater;

the waterproof layer is arranged on the roof layer and used for preventing water from infiltrating downwards to the roof layer;

the water storage layer is arranged on the waterproof layer; a drainage channel is arranged in the water storage layer, is communicated with the roof rainwater port and is used for collecting and discharging overflowing rainwater exceeding the water storage capacity of the water storage layer;

the protection net layer is arranged on the water storage layer.

The embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects when being used for the roof structure of the sponge city: the roof structure can realize the stagnant storage of rainwater runoff through the arrangement of the water storage layer; by arranging the waterproof layer between the water storage layer and the roof layer, rainwater runoff can be prevented from seeping into the building main body to damage the building main body; the water storage layer can be stably protected by arranging the protection net layer on the water storage layer; through set up drainage channel in the water storage layer, the rainwater that surpasss the retaining capacity overflow of water storage layer can get into drainage channel and in time discharge through roofing inlet for stom water. In conclusion, through the reasonable combination of the water storage layer and the drainage system, the roof runoff control of the tower building of the high-rise building can be realized while the drainage safety is guaranteed, and the limitation of roof runoff management measures on the existing greenbelt roof is broken through.

According to other embodiments of the roof structure for a sponge city, the drainage channel is a drainage channel which divides the aquifer into a plurality of water storage modules.

According to other embodiments of the roof structure for the sponge city, the bottom of the drainage channel is flush with or lower than the bottom of the aquifer, and the top of the drainage channel is flush with or higher than the top of the protective net layer.

According to other embodiments of the roof structure for a sponge city, the side wall of the drainage channel is a metal partition plate.

According to other embodiments of the roof structure for a sponge city, the drainage channels are arranged in a criss-cross manner.

According to other embodiments of the roof structure for a sponge city, the drainage channel comprises a drainage main channel and a drainage branch channel, the drainage branch channel is communicated with the drainage main channel, and the drainage main channel is communicated with the roof gutter inlet.

According to further embodiments of the roof structure for a sponge city, the aquifer is composed of lightweight porous particles.

According to further embodiments of the roof structure for sponge cities, the lightweight porous particles are lightweight porous ceramsite and/or porous crushed stone.

According to the roof structure for the sponge city in other embodiments of the present invention, the mesh of the protective net layer is 2 to 5mm smaller than the particle size of the lightweight porous particles.

According to other embodiments of the roof structure for a sponge city, the waterproof layer is at least one of a flexible coil waterproof layer, a film waterproof layer and a rigid metal waterproof layer.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a roof structure for a sponge city according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the direction C-C in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if an orientation description is referred to, for example, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if a feature is referred to as being "disposed", "fixed", "connected", or "mounted" to another feature, it may be directly disposed, fixed, or connected to the other feature or may be indirectly disposed, fixed, connected, or mounted to the other feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if "a number" is referred to, it means one or more, if "a plurality" is referred to, it means two or more, if "greater than", "less than" or "more than" is referred to, it is understood that the number is not included, and if "greater than", "lower" or "inner" is referred to, it is understood that the number is included. If reference is made to "first" or "second", this should be understood to distinguish between features and not to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of indicated features or to implicitly indicate the precedence of the indicated features.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a plan view illustrating a roof structure for a sponge city according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 to 4 are sectional views of fig. 1 taken along a-a direction, B-B direction, and C-C direction, respectively. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the roof structure for a sponge city of the present embodiment includes a roof layer 100, a waterproof layer 200, a water storage layer 300, and a protective mesh layer 400; a roof gutter inlet 600 for discharging rainwater is arranged on the roof layer 100; the waterproof layer 200 is arranged on the roof layer 100 and is used for preventing water from infiltrating into the roof layer 100; the water storage layer 300 is arranged on the waterproof layer 200, a drainage channel 500 is arranged in the water storage layer 300, and the drainage channel 500 is communicated with the roof rainwater port 600 and used for collecting and discharging overflowing rainwater exceeding the water storage capacity of the water storage layer 300; the protective mesh layer 400 is disposed on the aquifer 300.

The roof layer 100 is typically placed on top of the house and supported by parapet walls 700. The roof layer 100 may be a horizontal roof layer or an inclined roof layer. For example, for a roof having an inverted V-shaped cross-section, the roof lining 100 is of an inclined configuration. In addition, the roof layer 100 can be designed into a wave-shaped or other-shaped structure according to requirements.

The waterproof layer 200 is disposed on the roof layer 100, specifically between the roof layer 100 and the water storage layer 300, and is used for preventing water from infiltrating into the building and damaging the building. The waterproof layer 200 may be selected from flexible coiled material waterproof layer, film waterproof layer, rigid metal waterproof layer, and the like according to local conditions, and specifically may adopt one or more combination modes, and the waterproof layer 200 may be one layer or adopt multiple layers of combination protection. The waterproof layer 200 may be a flexible waterproof layer such as a polyvinyl chloride waterproof roll, a high-density polyethylene waterproof roll, or a felt waterproof roll, or a film waterproof layer such as a polyurethane film or a silicone rubber film, or a rigid metal waterproof layer such as a galvanized metal plate or an aluminum-magnesium-manganese alloy plate. In the construction process, waterproof detection and timely leakage repair are needed, and multiple waterproof treatments can be carried out when necessary.

In this embodiment, the aquifer 300 is made of lightweight porous particles, and specifically, lightweight porous ceramsite and/or porous gravel may be used, for example, lightweight, porous, safe and stable material particles such as fly ash ceramsite, sludge ceramsite, lightweight shale ceramsite, porous perlite particles, porous basalt particles, and the like, and generally, particles with a particle size of 10-35 mm are used. Certain gaps are reserved among the light porous particles to provide a water storage space for the roof and retain rainwater; the porosity between the lightweight porous particles is generally 20% -45%; in addition, the surface of the light porous particles has certain pores, so that the light porous particles can be used for realizing the primary purification of rainwater and reducing runoff pollution; and the water storage layer 300 is prepared by filling light porous particles, so that the structure of the layer body is light, and the influence on the load bearing of the building can be further reduced. In other embodiments, the aquifer 300 may be made of other absorbent materials, such as absorbent sponge.

A drainage channel 500 communicated with a roof rainwater port 600 is arranged in the water storage layer 300 so as to realize the collection and discharge of overflow rainwater exceeding the water storage capacity of the water storage layer 300. In addition, the roof gutter inlet 600 is generally used in cooperation with a drain pipe in an original drainage system of a building, so that roof rainwater is centrally drained into an urban rainwater pipe network system through the drain pipe through the roof gutter inlet 600.

In this embodiment, the drainage channel 500 is a drainage channel, and the drainage channel divides the aquifer 300 into a plurality of water storage modules 310. In order to improve the collection and drainage capacity of the overflow rainwater, the drainage channels can be arranged to be flush with the bottom or lower than the bottom of the aquifer 300 and flush with the top or higher than the top of the protective net layer 400; in this embodiment, the bottom of the drainage channel is flush with the bottom of the aquifer 300, and the top is higher than the top of the protective mesh layer 400. Through above structure setting, the rainwater that surpasss the retaining capacity overflow of water storage layer 300 can fully be arranged to the drainage canal, and then discharges through roofing inlet for stom water 600.

Under the condition of guaranteeing that the overflow rainwater is collected smoothly and is discharged, in order to be further convenient for the installation and the fixing of aquifer 300 and improve the steadiness of the roof structure, the lateral wall of the drainage channel can be a metal clapboard. In the actual construction process, each water storage module 310 can be in various shapes such as a square shape, a diamond shape, a regular hexagon shape or other shapes through the arrangement of the drainage channels according to requirements. In addition, the drainage channels can be arranged in a criss-cross way so as to improve the smoothness of drainage; the criss-cross arrangement of specific accessible metal baffle is so that the drainage channel is the lattice formula to evenly divide into a plurality of retaining modules 310 with water-storage layer 300, so that the structure is regular pleasing to the eye, and whole drainage effect is homogeneous, promotes drainage stability. Of course, the drainage channels can be irregularly arranged according to requirements.

In the present embodiment, the drainage channel includes a drainage main channel 510 and a drainage branch channel 520, the drainage branch channel 520 is communicated with the drainage main channel 510, and the drainage main channel 510 is communicated with the roof gutter inlet 600. The sizes of the drainage main channel 510, the drainage branch channel 520 and the roof gutter inlet 600 need to meet the flow design requirement under the designed rainfall intensity, and the drainage main channel, the drainage branch channel 520 and the roof gutter inlet 600 can be specifically designed according to the local annual rainfall condition. In the using process, rainwater overflowing beyond the water storage capacity of the water storage layer 300 can be collected to the drainage main channel 510 through the drainage branch channel 520, and then flows into the roof rainwater port 600 through the drainage main channel 510, so that the drainage efficiency is improved. A drainage main channel 510 is generally provided at the edge of the roof, and the roof gully 600 is generally in communication with the drainage main channel 510 at the edge of the roof. For the obliquely arranged roof layer, the drainage branch channel 520 is generally obliquely arranged along the roof layer, and the drainage main channel 510 is communicated with the drainage branch channel 520 and arranged at the lower end side of the roof layer 100, so that rainwater can flow together to the drainage main channel 510 by means of gravity and then is discharged through the roof rainwater inlet 600, and the drainage efficiency is further improved. In addition, generally, the unobstructed condition of a roof drainage system needs to be checked regularly, impurities such as fallen leaves and the like are cleared in time, and the drainage channel is prevented from being blocked.

Of course, besides the drainage channel 500 provided by opening the drainage channel in this embodiment, other drainage methods may be adopted in other embodiments, such as by providing a drainage tube as the drainage channel.

The protective netting layer 400 provides a secure protection for the aquifer 300 material, preventing the aquifer 300 material from being blown away by wind. The strength of the protective net layer 400 is required to meet the requirement of local wind resistance, the protective net layer is made of materials with fracture resistance, ageing resistance, corrosion resistance, safety and reliability, and meshes are generally smaller than 2-5 mm of the particle size of light porous particles of the water storage layer 300 materials, so that the materials of the protective net layer and the water storage layer 300 are not blown away by wind. The material of the protective net layer 400 can specifically adopt a steel protective net or other high-strength metal protective nets.

In the construction of the roof structure of this embodiment, the waterproof layer 200 may be first provided on the roof layer 100 to prevent rainwater from penetrating into the roof layer 100 and damaging the building body; then, metal partition plates are fixedly arranged according to preset requirements, on one hand, a plurality of water storage module installation areas are formed by dividing and enclosing the metal partition plates, on the other hand, adjacent water storage module installation areas are arranged at intervals to form a drainage channel 500, and the lowest part of the drainage channel 500 is communicated with a roof gutter inlet 600; then, filling and arranging water storage materials in each water storage module mounting area to form a water storage layer 300; and then the water storage layer 300 is provided with a protective net layer 400 to form a roof structure. During rainfall, rainwater drops on a roof, rainwater flows into the water storage layer 300 through the protection net layer 400 in a region corresponding to the large-area water storage layer 300, the rainwater can be primarily purified by the porous structure on the surface of the light porous particles made of the water storage layer 300, a certain water storage space is provided, the runoff flow rate is reduced, evaporation is increased, and roof rainwater purification and storage stagnation are realized; when the rainfall exceeds the water storage capacity of the water storage layer 300, the rainwater overflows to the drainage channel, and the rainwater of the drainage branch channel 520 is conveyed to the drainage main channel 510 and then enters the roof rainwater port 600 to be timely drained through the building drainage system, so that the regional waterlogging risk can be reduced. By last, this roof structure has broken through the restriction that current adoption green roof carries out roofing rainwater management measure, saves the setting of planting matrix or plant earthing, alleviates the bearing pressure of building to reduce the roof to the requirement of wind-resistant nature, this roof structure is applicable to the construction on the high-rise building tower roof of high density development, can realize the control to the rainwater runoff when guaranteeing high-rise building tower roofing drainage safety.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.