阅读说明：本技术 一种利用海水压力能驱动的微型发电装置 (Micro power generation device driven by seawater pressure energy ) 是由 王建军 潘勇 李艾思 冯欢 于 2020-01-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于海洋发电装置领域,并公开了一种利用海水压力能驱动的微型发电装置。该装置包括低压腔和发电单元,发电单元设置有中央通道和外侧通道,中央通道、外侧通道以及低压腔三者能连通,在连通之处设置有电磁阀,中央通道和外侧通道之间设置有永磁体,外侧通道中设置有线圈和与该线圈连接的复位机构；电磁阀通电后,中央通道与外侧通道隔断,外侧通道与低压腔连通,在海水压力作用下线圈在外侧通道中向一侧运动；电磁阀断电后,低压腔与外侧通道隔断,中央通道与外侧通道连通,线圈在外侧通道中向另一侧运动；线圈在外侧通道中运动切割磁场线,实现海水压力能发电。通过本发明,实现海水压力能转化为电能,结构简单,体积小,能量转化率高。(The invention belongs to the field of ocean power generation devices, and discloses a micro power generation device driven by seawater pressure energy. The device comprises a low-pressure cavity and a power generation unit, wherein the power generation unit is provided with a central channel and an outer channel, the central channel, the outer channel and the low-pressure cavity can be communicated, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the communicated part, a permanent magnet is arranged between the central channel and the outer channel, and a coil and a reset mechanism connected with the coil are arranged in the outer channel; after the electromagnetic valve is electrified, the central passage is separated from the outer passage, the outer passage is communicated with the low-pressure cavity, and the coil moves to one side in the outer passage under the action of seawater pressure; after the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the low-pressure cavity is isolated from the outer channel, the central channel is communicated with the outer channel, and the coil moves to the other side in the outer channel; the coil moves in the outer channel to cut the magnetic field line, so that the seawater pressure energy power generation is realized. The invention realizes the conversion of seawater pressure energy into electric energy, and has simple structure, small volume and high energy conversion rate.)

1. A micro power generation device driven by seawater pressure energy is characterized by comprising a low-pressure cavity (10) and a power generation unit (1), wherein,

the power generation unit (1) is provided with a central channel (7) and an outer channel (5) which surrounds the central channel, the central channel (7), the outer channel (5) and a low-pressure cavity (10) can be communicated, an electromagnetic valve (2) is arranged at the communicated position and used for controlling the communication relation among the central channel, the outer channel and the low-pressure cavity, a permanent magnet (8) is arranged between the central channel (7) and the outer channel (5), and a coil (9) and a reset mechanism (6) connected with the coil are arranged in the outer channel (5);

after the electromagnetic valve (2) is electrified, the central channel (7) is isolated from the outer channel (5), the outer channel (5) is communicated with the low-pressure cavity (10), the pressure of external seawater in the outer channel (5) is greater than the pressure in the low-pressure cavity, and the coil moves towards one end close to the electromagnetic valve (2) in the outer channel under the action of the pressure of the external seawater; after the electromagnetic valve (2) is powered off, the low-pressure cavity (10) is isolated from the outer channel (5), the central channel (7) is communicated with the outer channel (5), seawater enters from the central channel and flows into the outer channel (5), the pressure in the outer channel is equal to the pressure of the outside seawater, and the coil (9) moves to one end far away from the electromagnetic valve (2) in the outer channel under the action of the reset mechanism (6); through the switching of the power-on and the power-off of the electromagnetic valve (2), the coil (9) moves back and forth in the outer channel to cut the magnetic induction lines generated by the permanent magnet, so that the power generation process of the seawater pressure energy is realized.

2. The micro-generator driven by seawater pressure energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solenoid valve (2) comprises a valve body, a spool (3) and an electromagnet (11), the operation of the spool of the solenoid valve is controlled by the power-on or power-off of the electromagnet, when the electromagnet of the solenoid valve is powered on, the spool of the solenoid valve moves forward to block the central passage from the outer passage, and when the electromagnet of the solenoid valve is powered off, the spool moves backward to block the low pressure chamber from the central passage.

3. The micro-generator driven by seawater pressure energy as claimed in claim 3, wherein the front end of the valve core of the electromagnetic valve is provided with a spring (4), when the electromagnetic valve is powered on, the spring is compressed, when the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the spring pushes the valve core to reset, and the valve core can realize the effect of isolating the low pressure cavity from the outside channel.

4. The micro-generator driven by seawater pressure energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the return mechanism (6) is a spring.

5. The micro-generator driven by seawater pressure energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet (8) comprises a plurality of pairs of N-poles and S-poles, wherein the N-poles and S-poles are arranged at intervals.

6. The micro-generator driven by seawater pressure energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro-generator is carried on the marine animal when in use, the power is generated by using the pressure change of the seawater during the floating and submerging of the marine animal, when the low pressure chamber floats out of the seawater surface, the operating voltage of the solenoid valve is reduced, the spool of the solenoid valve moves to the right to communicate the low pressure chamber with the central channel, and when the pressure in the low pressure chamber is higher than the external air pressure, the seawater in the low pressure chamber is automatically discharged from the central channel.

7. The micro power generation device driven by seawater pressure energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power generation unit, the valve body of the electromagnetic valve, the valve core, the spring, the reset mechanism and the low pressure chamber of the micro power generation device are all made of stainless steel.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of ocean power generation devices, and particularly relates to a micro power generation device driven by seawater pressure energy.

Background

With the increasing demand of ocean development and exploration, the marine organism telemetry technology is more and more applied to ocean observation, on one hand, physicochemical data of life habits and motion tracks of animals can be obtained, the understanding of human beings on marine organisms can be deepened, on the other hand, the environmental monitoring can be carried out on water areas which are difficult to observe or have high observation cost, and the understanding of human beings on ocean ecology and environment can be deepened. Energy (usually electric energy) is needed for data acquisition, storage and transmission of the marine animal tag, and in order to obtain longer-time and richer observation data, the improvement of the electric energy supply of the telemetering tag is vital. At present, most energy sources of the telemetering tags are still batteries, the energy of the batteries which can be carried by the tags is limited due to the limitation on the weight and the volume of the batteries, the telemetering tags are difficult to support the observation of various environmental parameters of the sea for a long time, some designs for increasing the service life by using solar energy are already provided for the telemetering tags of land animals, and when the telemetering tags face underwater organisms, the solar irradiance below the water surface becomes very low, and the power supply for the marine telemetering tags by using solar energy becomes impractical. For many marine organisms that periodically dive into the deep sea in order to find food, the pressure energy generated by the pressure difference between the sea water during the animal's ascent and descent is a potential energy source for powering telemetry tags.

Many marine species will regularly carry out deep sea diving in order to find food, the continuous diving profiles of sperm whale and Arctic elephant seal obtained by field measurement according to the existing telemetry tag technology are 800 meters, 23 times, 600 meters and 57 times respectively, if the battery 1 used on the existing telemetry tag carried by sperm whale and elephant seal is replaced by a pressure-resistant cavity with the same volume, theoretically, the available pressure of the tag per day is equal to the water pressure × diving times × cavity volume at the average diving depth, the available pressure of the tag per day can be respectively 10 kilojoules and 18 kilojoules by simple calculation, the total electric quantity of the CTD-SRD L s tag battery 156 kilojoules is compared, the available total pressure of the sperm whale and elephant seal tag within 300 days is 3000 kilojoules and 5400 kilojoules, respectively, the total electric quantity of the battery 156 kilojoules is increased, and the tag can fully utilize the energy of the remote sensing tag, and accordingly, the tag can fully utilize the pressure of the tag to provide more energy, and increase the total pressure of the floating tag.

In the field of power generation by using seawater pressure energy, the seawater pressure energy collector for supplying power to a marine animal telemetering tag is provided in an article of a hydraulic pressure-cycle energy harster (proc. SPIE 9431, Active and passive Structures and Integrated Systems 2015,94310F (2April 2015); doi:10.1117/12.2084279 by U.S. Michael W.Shafer, and mainly comprises a micro rotary water turbine, a micro rotary generator connected with the micro rotary water turbine, an electromagnetic stop valve and a low-pressure cavity, wherein after an animal dives to a certain depth, the external seawater pressure is greater than the pressure in the low-pressure cavity, seawater enters the water turbine to drive the water turbine and the generator to rotate so as to generate power, and the actual measurement energy conversion efficiency of the laboratory test system is lower (about 2%) and is more difficult to apply; compared with an underwater energy supply system based on seawater hydrostatic pressure energy, which is proposed in a paper of deep seawater pressure type energy supply technology research based on a switch hydraulic source (J. mechanical engineering journal, 2004(05): 141-144) by Wangfeng, Zhangjiang university at home, consider the imminent joy, the pressure energy power generation device proposed by the method has the following defects: the device is very bulky and cannot be applied to marine animal telemetry tags.

Disclosure of Invention

The device is simple in structure, small in size and high in energy conversion rate, is mainly used for supplying power to the telemetering tag of marine animals, can generate power by using the seawater pressure change of the marine animals in the floating and submerging processes, supplies power to the telemetering tag, improves the energy supply capacity of the tag, prolongs the working time of the tag or improves the number and types of sensors which can be carried by the tag.

To achieve the above objects, according to the present invention, there is provided a micro power generation device driven by pressure energy of seawater, the device comprising a low pressure chamber and a power generation unit, wherein,

the power generation unit is provided with a central channel and an outer channel surrounding the central channel, the outer channel and the low-pressure cavity can be communicated, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the communicated position and used for controlling the communication relation of the central channel, the outer channel and the low-pressure cavity, a permanent magnet is arranged between the central channel and the outer channel, and a coil and a reset mechanism connected with the coil are arranged in the outer channel;

after the electromagnetic valve is electrified, the central channel is isolated from an outer channel, the outer channel is communicated with the low-pressure cavity, the external seawater pressure in the outer channel is greater than the pressure in the low-pressure cavity, and the coil moves to one end close to the electromagnetic valve in the outer channel under the action of the external seawater pressure; after the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the low-pressure cavity is isolated from the outer channel, the central channel is communicated with the outer channel, seawater enters from the central channel and flows into the outer channel, the pressure in the outer channel is equal to the pressure of the external seawater, and the coil moves towards one end far away from the electromagnetic valve in the outer channel under the action of the reset mechanism; through the switching of the power-on and the power-off of the electromagnetic valve, the coil moves back and forth in the outer channel to cut the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, so that the power generation process of the seawater pressure energy is realized.

Further preferably, the solenoid valve includes a valve body, a spool, and an electromagnet, and the spool of the solenoid valve is controlled by turning on or off the electromagnet, and when the electromagnet of the solenoid valve is turned on, the spool of the solenoid valve moves forward to block the central passage from the outer passage, and when the electromagnet of the solenoid valve is turned off, the spool moves backward to block the low pressure chamber from the central passage.

Further preferably, a spring is arranged at the front end of the valve core of the electromagnetic valve, when the electromagnetic valve is powered on, the spring is compressed, and when the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the spring pushes the valve core to reset, so that the valve core can realize the effect of isolating the low-pressure cavity from the outer channel.

Further preferably, the return mechanism is a spring.

Further preferably, the permanent magnet includes a plurality of pairs of N-poles and S-poles, wherein the N-poles and S-poles are arranged at intervals.

Further preferably, the micro power generation device is carried on marine animals when in use, power is generated by utilizing the pressure change of seawater in the floating and submerging processes of the marine animals, after the low-pressure cavity floats out of the seawater surface, the working voltage of the electromagnetic valve is reduced, the valve core of the electromagnetic valve moves rightwards to enable the low-pressure cavity to be communicated with the central channel, the pressure in the low-pressure cavity is greater than the external air pressure, and the seawater in the low-pressure cavity is automatically discharged from the central channel.

Further preferably, the power generation unit of the micro power generation device, the valve body of the electromagnetic valve, the valve core, the spring, the reset mechanism and the low-pressure cavity are all made of stainless steel.

In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

1. the micro power generation device provided by the invention generates power by utilizing the principle of a coil cutting magnetic field, wherein the coil is driven by utilizing seawater pressure to move, so that the conversion from seawater pressure energy to electric energy is realized, and experiments show that the conversion efficiency of the energy is about 13 percent, and is greatly improved compared with the conventional energy conversion device;

2. the power generation device has the advantages that the hydrostatic pressure energy of seawater is used as the driving energy and is used as renewable clean energy, energy is saved, the environment is protected, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the power generation device has good power generation performance-price ratio;

3. the device provided by the invention can be designed according to the needs, can be the size of a No. 5 battery at minimum, can also be increased according to the power generation needs, is carried on marine animals, is suitable for supplying power to the marine animal telemetering tag, can obtain more energy theoretically than the energy of a battery with the same size used in the existing telemetering tag, and can greatly improve the power supply capacity of the telemetering tag.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a micro-generator solenoid valve constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention when de-energized;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a micro-generator solenoid valve constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention when energized.

The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:

1-power generation unit, 2-electromagnetic valve, 3-valve core, 4-spring, 5-outer channel, 6-reset mechanism, 7-central channel, 8-permanent magnet, 9-coil, 10-low pressure cavity and 11-electromagnet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

A micro power generation device driven by seawater pressure energy comprises a low-pressure cavity 10 and a power generation unit 1, wherein,

the power generation unit 1 is provided with a central channel 7 and an outer channel 5 surrounding the central channel, in the embodiment, the central channel is arranged on a central axis of the power generation unit, the central channel 7, the outer channel 5 and a low-pressure cavity 10 can be communicated, an electromagnetic valve 2 is arranged at the communicated part and used for controlling the communication relation among the central channel, the outer channel and the low-pressure cavity, a permanent magnet 8 is arranged between the central channel 7 and the outer channel 5, and a coil 9 and a reset mechanism 6 connected with the coil are arranged in the outer channel 5;

after the electromagnetic valve 2 is electrified, the central channel 7 is isolated from the outer channel 5, the outer channel 5 is communicated with the low-pressure cavity 10, the pressure of the outside seawater in the outer channel 5 is greater than the pressure in the low-pressure cavity, and the coil moves leftwards in the outer channel under the action of the pressure of the outside seawater, namely, the coil is close to the direction of the electromagnetic valve; after the electromagnetic valve 2 is powered off, the low-pressure cavity 10 is isolated from the outer channel 5, the central channel 7 is communicated with the outer channel 5, seawater enters from the central channel and flows into the outer channel 5, the pressure in the outer channel is equal to the pressure of the external seawater, and the coil 9 moves rightwards in the outer channel under the action of the reset mechanism 6, namely, is far away from the direction of the electromagnetic valve; through the switching of the power-on and the power-off of the electromagnetic valve 2, the coil 9 moves back and forth in the outer channel to cut the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, so that the power generation process of the seawater pressure energy is realized.

When the seawater in the low-pressure cavity 10 is accumulated to a certain degree, the working voltage of the electromagnetic valve is only required to be properly reduced after the marine animals float out of the seawater surface, the valve core of the electromagnetic valve moves rightwards to a certain position, the low-pressure cavity can be communicated with the central channel, and when the pressure in the low-pressure cavity is greater than the external air pressure, the seawater in the low-pressure cavity is automatically discharged from the central channel.

The front end of the valve core of the electromagnetic valve is provided with a spring 4, when the electromagnetic valve is powered on, the valve core of the electromagnetic valve moves forwards, the spring is compressed, when the electromagnetic valve is powered off, the spring pushes the valve core to reset, and a certain acting force is kept to prop against the valve core, so that the valve core can realize the effect of separating the low-pressure cavity from the outer channel.

In the present embodiment, the return mechanism 6 is a spring, but is not limited thereto.

The power generating unit body, the electromagnetic valve body, the valve core, the spring, the reset mechanism, the low-pressure cavity and the like of the micro power generating device are all made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel materials, but the micro power generating device is not limited to the above.

The permanent magnet 8 includes a plurality of pairs of N-poles and S-poles, which are arranged at intervals. The permanent magnet 8 is fixed on the main body of the device, the coil 9 can freely slide in the channel at the outer side along the axial direction of the permanent magnet 8, one end of the reset mechanism 6 is fixedly connected with the coil 9, the other end is fixed on the body of the power generation unit, one end of the spring 4 is fixedly connected with the pressure self-balancing valve core, the other end is fixedly connected with the body of the power generation unit, the low-pressure cavity 10 is a pressure-resistant cavity, the valve core is communicated with the valve core through a pipeline or a small hole, the volume and the shape of the valve core can be designed according to requirements, in the embodiment, the electromagnetic valve comprises a valve body, an electromagnet and a pressure self-balancing valve core, the electromagnet of the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be electrified or powered off to control the action of the valve core to control the flowing direction of the seawater in the power generation device, the pressure at two ends of the valve core is balanced, when the electromagnet drives the valve core to move, only the force of the valve core spring needs to be overcome, so that the power consumption of the electromagnet is greatly reduced. The coil does reciprocating linear motion along the axial direction of the permanent magnet under the action of the reset mechanism and high-pressure seawater, the coil cuts magnetic induction lines during the motion, and induced electromotive force is generated in the coil, so that power generation is realized.

As shown in fig. 1, the power generation device is in an initial state, at this time, the valve core 3 of the electromagnetic valve 2 is in the left position shown in the figure, the seawater pressure acts on the left and right ends of the electromagnetic valve 2 simultaneously, the seawater pressure on the two ends of the valve core 3 is balanced, and the valve core 3 is pressed in the position shown in the figure under the action of the spring 4, in this state, the low pressure chamber is closed, the low pressure chamber 10 is separated from the outer channel 5, the outer channel 5 is communicated with the central channel 7, the seawater pressure acts on the left and right ends of the coil 9 simultaneously, the seawater pressure on the two ends of the coil 9 is equal, and the valve core is in the position shown in the figure under.

As shown in fig. 2, when the electromagnetic valve 2 is energized, the valve core 3 moves to the right and compresses the spring 4 until the central passage 7 is closed, the outer passage 5 is blocked from the central passage 7, the low pressure chamber 10 is communicated with the outer passage 5, since the internal pressure of the low pressure chamber 10 is lower than the pressure of the external seawater, the seawater pressure on the right side of the coil 9 is higher than the seawater pressure on the left outer passage 5, the coil 9 moves to the left in the figure, and the return mechanism 6 is compressed until the coil 9 moves to the left limit position.

When the electromagnetic valve 2 is powered off, the valve core 3 returns to the initial state under the action of the elastic force of the spring 4 and returns to the position shown in fig. 1, at the moment, the valve core 3 separates the low-pressure cavity 10 from the outer channel 5, the outer channel 5 is communicated with the central channel 7, the seawater pressure of the outer channel 5 is equal to that of the central channel 7, the seawater pressures of the left end and the right end of the coil 9 are equal, and the seawater pressure moves to the right direction under the action of the thrust of the reset mechanism 6 until the coil 9 moves to the right limit position.

The electromagnetic valve 2 is powered on and powered off once to form a period, as long as the pressure in the low-pressure cavity 10 of the power generation device is lower than the pressure of external seawater, the power generation process is continuously carried out, the coil 9 reciprocates to cut the magnetic induction lines of the permanent magnet, induced electromotive force and current are generated in the coil 9, an electric energy storage unit is arranged outside the device, and electric energy generated by the rotor is stored.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.