阅读说明：本技术 一种金银花繁殖和田间管理方法 (Honeysuckle propagation and field management method ) 是由 孔令航 于 2019-01-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种金银花繁殖方法,需选择土层深厚、疏松肥沃的腐殖土壤,进行所述繁殖前,需对土壤提前施肥；所述繁殖方法包括种子繁殖和扦插繁殖。本发明还公开了一种金银花田间管理方法,所述田间管理包括中耕除草和培土、追肥、修剪和病虫害防治。本发明通过前期适时移栽,后期进行修剪,使得金银花群体结构合理化,使群体内植株对光、温、肥料的竞争调整到总体效益最大化,提高群体的通风透光性和水肥利用率,实现金银花的高产。由于本发明提供的方法简单,易学,操作难度小,便于推广应用。(The invention discloses a honeysuckle propagation method, which needs to select humus soil with deep soil layer and loose fertility, and needs to fertilize the soil in advance before propagation; the propagation method comprises seed propagation and cutting propagation. The invention also discloses a honeysuckle field management method, which comprises intertillage weeding, ridging, topdressing, trimming and pest control. According to the invention, the honeysuckle flower is transplanted in good time in the early stage and trimmed in the later stage, so that the honeysuckle flower group structure is rationalized, the competition of plants in the group on light, temperature and fertilizer is adjusted to the maximum benefit, the ventilation and light transmission of the group and the utilization rate of water and fertilizer are improved, and the high yield of the honeysuckle flower is realized. The method provided by the invention is simple, easy to learn, small in operation difficulty and convenient to popularize and apply.)

1. A honeysuckle propagation method needs to select humus soil with deep soil layer and loose fertility, and is characterized in that before the propagation, the soil needs to be fertilized in advance; the propagation method comprises seed propagation and cutting propagation.

2. The method for propagating honeysuckle according to claim 1, wherein the seed propagation step is: collecting mature fruits of honeysuckle in 11 months every year, soaking and washing the fruits in water, removing pulp and shrunken seeds, and airing the remaining plump seeds; and (4) soaking the selected seeds in warm water at 35-40 ℃ for 24 hours in the next 4 months, taking out, mixing with 2 times of wet sand for accelerating germination, and sowing when the seeds have 30% cracks.

3. The cutting transplanting method for osmanthus seedlings according to claim 2, wherein after the seed propagation step, honeysuckle can be transplanted after autumn.

4. The method for propagating honeysuckle according to claim 1, wherein the cutting propagation step is: and selecting 1-2 year-old branches which grow vigorously and have no diseases and insect pests for cuttage in summer and autumn in cloudy and rainy days, wherein the bottoms of the cuttage branches are cut into horseshoe shapes, and the height of the cuttage branches is 30-35 cm.

5. The honeysuckle propagation method according to claim 4, wherein the cuttage branches expose 10-12 cm on the ground when cuttage is carried out, and soil is filled, compacted and watered after cuttage.

6. A honeysuckle field management method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the field management comprises intertillage weeding, ridging, topdressing, trimming and pest control.

7. The honeysuckle field management method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the pest control types are as follows: (1) brown spot: frequently removing diseased branches and fallen leaves; the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are additionally applied, so that the disease resistance of plants is improved; spraying 1:1:200 times of Bordeaux mixture or 65% wettable zineb powder 500 times of solution at the initial stage of disease attack; (2) coffee tiger longhorn: spraying 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsion in the adult and larva initial incubation period within 4-5 months; trapping and killing the imagoes by sugar-vinegar liquid with the ratio of sugar to vinegar to water to trichlorfon being 1:5:4: 0.01; releasing natural enemy longicorn scleroderma guani for preventing and treating 7-8 months; (3) silver flower geometrid: cleaning the field in winter; and (3) spraying 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable solution or 800-1000 times of 95% crystal trichlorfon solution to the larvae.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of honeysuckle cultivation, in particular to a honeysuckle propagation and field management method.

Background

Honeysuckle flower, flos Lonicerae, is named honeysuckle flower, blossoming in March, five blossoms, slight fragrance, reddish pedicel, white flower in the beginning, yellow flower in one or two days. Two flowers are in one pedicel, two stamens are extended out to form a double pair, the shape and the shadow are not separated, the shape is as if the male and the female are accompanied, and the two stamens are like a mandarin duck dancing, so the double-flower dual-flower. It looks like Lonicera confusa in appearance, but the bract of that species is narrow and not leaf-shaped, the short and soft hair with dense calyx and dense and curly twigs is obviously different from the original species. This form varies greatly, and varies greatly in terms of the length of the corolla, the length ratio of the hair cover and the lip flap to the barrel, and the shape and size of the branches and leaves. All of these changes appear to be more tied to the ecological environment and do not show correlation with geographic distribution. Honeysuckle is known as a good medicine for clearing heat and removing toxicity from old times. It is sweet and cold in nature and fragrant, sweet and cold in nature and clearing heat without hurting stomach, and the fragrance is thorough and can eliminate pathogens. The honeysuckle can disperse wind-heat and clear away blood toxin, and has obvious effect on various heat diseases such as fever, eruption, macula, sore and carbuncle due to heat toxin, sore throat and the like.

However, most honeysuckle flower growers adopt extensive cultivation for a long time, and do not pay attention to honeysuckle flower planting mode and pruning, so that honeysuckle flower inner cavities are closed, spherical flowers are formed, the medicinal value and the yield of honeysuckle flowers are greatly reduced, and the economic benefit is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a honeysuckle propagation and field management method, which is realized by the following technical scheme:

a honeysuckle propagation method needs to select humus soil with deep soil layer and loose fertility, and before the propagation, the soil needs to be fertilized in advance; the propagation method comprises seed propagation and cutting propagation.

Preferably, the seed propagation step is: collecting mature fruits of honeysuckle in 11 months every year, soaking and washing the fruits in water, removing pulp and shrunken seeds, and airing the remaining plump seeds; and (4) soaking the selected seeds in warm water at 35-40 ℃ for 24 hours in the next 4 months, taking out, mixing with 2 times of wet sand for accelerating germination, and sowing when the seeds have 30% cracks.

Preferably, after the seed propagation step, the honeysuckle can be transplanted after autumn.

Preferably, the cutting propagation step is as follows: and selecting 1-2 year-old branches which grow vigorously and have no diseases and insect pests for cuttage in summer and autumn in cloudy and rainy days, wherein the bottoms of the cuttage branches are cut into horseshoe shapes, and the height of the cuttage branches is 30-35 cm.

Preferably, the ground is exposed by 10-12 cm when the cutting branches are cut, and soil is filled, compacted and watered after the cutting branches are cut.

A honeysuckle field management method comprises intertillage weeding, ridging, topdressing, trimming and pest control.

Preferably, the pest control categories are: (1) brown spot: frequently removing diseased branches and fallen leaves; the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are additionally applied, so that the disease resistance of plants is improved; spraying 1:1:200 times of Bordeaux mixture or 65% wettable zineb powder 500 times of solution at the initial stage of disease attack; (2) coffee tiger longhorn: spraying 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsion in the adult and larva initial incubation period within 4-5 months; trapping and killing the imagoes by sugar-vinegar liquid with the ratio of sugar to vinegar to water to trichlorfon being 1:5:4: 0.01; releasing natural enemy longicorn scleroderma guani for preventing and treating 7-8 months; (3) silver flower geometrid: cleaning the field in winter; and (3) spraying 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable solution or 800-1000 times of 95% crystal trichlorfon solution to the larvae.

Compared with the prior art, the honeysuckle cultivation method has the advantages that the honeysuckle group structure is rationalized by timely transplanting in the early stage and pruning in the later stage, so that competition of plants in the group for light, temperature and fertilizer is adjusted to the maximum overall benefit, the ventilation and light transmission of the group and the utilization rate of water and fertilizer are improved, and the high yield of the honeysuckle is realized. The method provided by the invention is simple, easy to learn, small in operation difficulty and convenient to popularize and apply.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.