阅读说明：本技术 水产养殖水体循环利用系统 (Aquaculture water body cyclic utilization system ) 是由 何杰 李红霞 强俊 徐跑 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了水产养殖水体循环利用系统,所述系统包括循环顺次连通的成品鱼养殖区、曝光生藻区、食水鱼功能区、水生作物种植区、沙滤区和蓄水池,其中成品鱼养殖区与蓄水池连通管道上设有进水口；所述曝光生藻区内设有回形沟,回形沟由至少一块分隔板隔开并形成反复折叠的S形沟道。与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点：(1)本发明所述系统解决了水产养殖过程中水体富营养化的难题,达到了养殖尾水综合利用的目的；(2)所述系统不仅改善了养殖水质,同时生产了了多种经济农产品,且能改善产品质量；(3)所述系统对周边环境友好,生产成本低,风险小,运行成本低,建造改造容易,易于掌握,方式灵活。(The invention discloses an aquaculture water body recycling system, which comprises a finished product fish culture area, an exposure algae-growing area, a water-eating fish functional area, an aquatic crop planting area, a sand filtering area and a reservoir which are circularly and sequentially communicated, wherein a water inlet is formed in a pipeline communicated with the reservoir in the finished product fish culture area; the aeration algae area is internally provided with a clip-shaped ditch which is separated by at least one partition plate and forms an S-shaped channel which is repeatedly folded. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: (1) the system of the invention solves the problem of water eutrophication in the aquaculture process and achieves the purpose of comprehensive utilization of aquaculture tail water; (2) the system not only improves the culture water quality, but also produces various economic agricultural products and can improve the product quality; (3) the system is friendly to the surrounding environment, low in production cost, low in risk, low in running cost, easy to construct and modify, easy to master and flexible in mode.)

1. The system is characterized by comprising a finished product fish culture area (2), an exposure algae-growing area (3), a water-eating fish function area (5), an aquatic crop planting area (6), a sand filtering area (7) and a reservoir (8) which are circularly and sequentially communicated, wherein a water inlet (1) is formed in a pipeline communicating the finished product fish culture area (2) with the reservoir (8); the inside of the exposed algae area (3) is provided with a clip-shaped groove (4), and the clip-shaped groove (4) is separated by at least one partition plate (12) and forms an S-shaped channel which is repeatedly folded.

2. The aquaculture water body recycling system according to claim 1, wherein a groove (9) is formed between the partition plates (12) in the circular groove (4), floating plates (10) and meshes (11) are arranged above the groove (9) at intervals, and the floating plates (10) and the meshes (11) are fixedly connected with the partition plates (12).

3. The system for recycling aquaculture water according to claim 1, wherein the mouth of the functional area (5) for the fish is square and the mouth of the functional area is inverted cone-shaped, and comprises a water inlet (14) at the top of the functional area for the fish and a water outlet (13) at the bottom (15) of the inverted cone-shaped area for the fish.

4. The system for recycling aquaculture water according to claim 3, characterized in that a spiral-type layer is formed between the bottom of the functional area (5) of the water-eating fish and the inverted conical bottom (15), and the water flow at the water inlet (14) of the functional area of the water-eating fish is tangential to the circular edge.

5. An aquaculture water recycling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the aquatic crop growing areas (6) comprise aquatic crop growing area water inlets (16) and aquatic crop growing area water outlets (20) arranged diagonally above the banks (19), and at least 1 planting bed (17) in the banks (19), the planting beds (17) being separated by channels (18).

6. The aquaculture water recycling system of claim 5, wherein the planting bed (17) comprises a planting bed post (21) and a planting net (22), the planting net (22) being supported by the planting bed post (21).

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the planting net (22) is above the water surface of the aquatic plant growing section (6).

8. The aquaculture water body recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the sand filtering area (7) is divided into a planting layer (24) and a sand filtering layer (25) from top to bottom, a sand filtering area water inlet (23) is arranged on one side above the planting layer (24), and a sand filtering area water outlet (27) is arranged on the bottom of the sand filtering layer (25) and is opposite to the water inlet.

9. The aquaculture water recycling system of claim 8, wherein the sides and the bottom of the sand filtering area (7) are provided with anti-seepage membranes (26).

10. The system of claim 8, wherein the sand filter (25) has a thickness on the side near the sand filter inlet (23) that is less than the thickness on the side near the sand filter outlet (27).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and relates to a device for comprehensively utilizing a water body of a high-density aquaculture pond, in particular to a water body recycling system of aquaculture.

Background

In the pond culture process, due to the fact that a large amount of feed is fed, nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus and organic matters in water are too much, dissolved oxygen is often insufficient, fish grow slowly, fish diseases are seriously outbreak, the survival rate is reduced, and the quality, the taste and the like of finished fish are greatly influenced. Especially in older ponds, the above situation is more serious. At present, some areas improve the culture environment by a water injection and drainage method, and some areas maintain the pond environment by using a large amount of water regulating reagents and medicines, but the culture living environment is increasingly difficult, and the culture mode is not profitable, which is a main reason for large-area loss of the current aquaculture. With the national standardization management on the environment and product quality safety normalized, some unhealthy and environmentally unfriendly culture modes of products are also eliminated. In addition, a large amount of nutrient elements accumulated in aquaculture are unfavorable factors for aquaculture, and tail water discharge can pollute the surrounding water environment; on the other hand, the planting industry needs to apply a large amount of fertilizer containing nutrient elements, which increases the input cost. At present, a three-stage purification method is generally adopted in aquaculture tail water treatment, the method is large in occupied area and difficult to manage, particularly, maintenance investment is needed in each link and process, and economic benefits are not generated. The agricultural pollution is mainly organic pollution such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and is different from industrial pollution, so far, the agricultural pollution is still a renewable resource which is not utilized.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art and solve the defects of serious eutrophication of the aquaculture water body and difficult treatment of aquaculture tail water, a mode of cyclic comprehensive utilization of the aquaculture eutrophication water body is obtained, so that the nutrient elements of the aquaculture tail water are gradually utilized in the whole ecological function operation process of planting and breeding, and corresponding economic benefits can be generated; in view of the above, the invention provides an aquaculture water recycling system.

The technical scheme is as follows: the system comprises a finished fish culture area, an exposure algae-growing area, a water-eating fish functional area, an aquatic crop planting area, a sand filtering area and a reservoir which are circularly and sequentially communicated, wherein a water inlet is formed in a pipeline communicating the finished fish culture area and the reservoir; the aeration algae area is internally provided with a clip-shaped ditch which is separated by at least one partition plate and forms an S-shaped channel which is repeatedly folded. In order to save energy, water is fed and drained from each area of a place with flat terrain on the same horizontal line; the finished fish culture area is built at the highest position and the reservoir is built at the lowest position in the uneven place, and only one water pumping device is needed to be arranged at one position by utilizing the water level difference. The finished product fish culture area mainly cultures various commercial fishes, the culture density is high, a large amount of commercial feed needs to be fed, the large metabolism and excrement of the fishes cause organic pollution to a water body, comprehensive utilization and treatment are needed, and the finished product fish culture area is the starting point and the reason of the whole system.

Preferably, a groove is formed between the partition plates in the square-shaped groove, floating plates and net sheets are arranged above the groove at intervals, and the floating plates and the net sheets are fixedly connected with the partition plates. The exposed algae-growing area receives pond water discharged from the finished fish culture area, and the structure of the exposed algae-growing area is designed to be as long as possible so as to fully increase the water-solid contact area, sunlight, air and water flows. The grooves are separated by plastic or cement board. Transplanting some aquatic plants with developed root systems on the net piece, and placing the crayfishes in the ditch; the floating plate is used as a rest place for stocking frogs. The pond water contains a large amount of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, organic suspended matters and the like, and has certain smell, and by solarization and aeration of sunlight, aquatic insects, mosquitoes and the like can be generated besides breeding a large amount of plankton and microorganisms, so that food is provided for shrimps and frogs, and nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and the like are beneficially converted and treated. When the color of a large amount of plankton breeding water is thickened, the drained water enters the next area.

Preferably, the opening above the functional area of the water-eating fish is square, and the lower part of the functional area of the water-eating fish is in an inverted cone shape, and the functional area of the water-eating fish comprises a water inlet arranged above the functional area of the water-eating fish and a water outlet arranged at the bottom of the inverted cone shape. The water-feeding fish functional area receives pond water discharged from the exposure algae-growing area, mainly breeds filter-feeding fishes, a small amount of omnivorous fishes and herbivorous fishes, and absorbs plankton, organic matter particles and root and leaf small pieces in the pond, so that the fish products are converted.

Preferably, a spiral type layer is formed between the lower part of the functional area of the water-eating fish and the inverted conical bottom, and the water flow at the water inlet of the functional area of the water-eating fish is tangent to the circular edge. This design facilitates the collection of impurities and the micro-circulation of the pond water.

Preferably, the aquatic crop planting area comprises a water inlet of the aquatic crop planting area and a water outlet of the aquatic crop planting area which are arranged on opposite angles of the embankment ridge, and at least 1 planting bed in the embankment ridge, wherein the planting beds are separated by channels. The aquatic crop planting area receives pond water discharged from the water-eating fish functional area, and the pond water contains more nutrient elements so as to be further converted into green crops. The aquatic crops are planted in shallow ponds, so that the aquatic crops can be conveniently planted in different varieties in different seasons. Can plant rice and aquatic vegetables. After leveling, injecting water, and planting rice in the rice field; the vegetable planting bed can be placed to plant vegetables.

Preferably, the planting bed comprises a planting bed upright post and a planting net, and the planting net is supported by the planting bed upright post.

Preferably, the planting net is higher than the water surface of the aquatic crop planting area. The method has the function of ensuring that the water is separated from the upper part of the plant root to grow above the plane net, the root grows in the water and the mud medium below the plane net so as to absorb the nutrient elements in the water or adsorb the nutrient elements in the bottom mud, and the water is injected and flowed in the middle of the root system.

Preferably, the sand filtering area is divided into a planting layer and a sand filtering layer from top to bottom, a water inlet of the sand filtering area is arranged on one side above the planting layer, and a water outlet of the sand filtering area is arranged at the bottom of the sand filtering layer and at the opposite angle of the water inlet. The sand filtration area receives pond water from the aquatic crop planting area, and the pond water contains less nutrient elements, plankton and impurities, and possibly more various bacteria and the like. The planting layer is mainly composed of sandy soil or sandy loam, and terrestrial agricultural crops can be planted on the planting layer. The water entering the sand filtering area is absorbed and treated again by crops, the water quality becomes fresh and cool after nutrient elements and bacteria are removed, and the water flows into a reservoir for a finished product fish culture area to be reserved.

Preferably, the side and the bottom of the sand filtering area are provided with impermeable membranes.

Preferably, the thickness of the sand filtering layer close to the water inlet of the sand filtering area is lower than that of the sand filtering area close to the water outlet.

The system operates as follows: the plants are synchronously started in each area, and are planted and put simultaneously according to a conventional method, and are managed independently. Along with the increasing richness of nutrient elements in the water of the finished product fish culture pond, before the water quality exceeds the standard, the subsequent functional operation of each area is started, the water in the water storage pool is pumped to the finished product fish culture area by a water pump, and the water flows out from the water outlet in sequence through the fall generated by the water level, so that the water flow is continuously circulated. As the fish in the finished fish culture area grows gradually, the water and water pollution pressure is increased, the action capacity of other functional areas is synchronously increased, and the system is always kept in balance.

Has the advantages that: (1) the system of the invention solves the problem of water eutrophication in the aquaculture process and achieves the purpose of comprehensive utilization of aquaculture tail water; (2) the system not only improves the culture water quality, but also produces various economic agricultural products and can improve the product quality; (3) the system is friendly to the surrounding environment, low in production cost, low in risk, low in running cost, easy to construct and modify, easy to master and flexible in mode.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a circular groove structure of an exposed algae area according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a functional area of a water-feeding fish according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the aquatic plant growing area according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a planting bed according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a sand filtration area according to the present invention;

the water inlet is 1, the water inlet is 2, the finished fish culture area is 2, the exposal algae area is 3, the return ditch is 4, the water-eating fish functional area is 5, the aquatic crop planting area is 6, the sand filtering area is 7, the reservoir is 8, the groove is 9, the floating plate is 10, the net sheet is 11, the partition plate is 12, the water outlet is 13, the water outlet is 14, the water inlet is 15, the inverted conical bottom is 16, the water inlet is 16, the aquatic crop planting area is 17, the planting bed is 18, the channel is 19, the dike ridge is 19, the water outlet is 20, the planting bed column is 21, the planting net is 22, the sand filtering area water inlet is 23, the planting layer is 24, the sand filtering layer is 25, the anti-seepage film is 26, and the sand filtering area water outlet is 27.

Detailed Description

The following examples further illustrate the present invention but are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.