阅读说明：本技术 冲击式模型水轮机电机内置同轴式喷嘴 (Built-in coaxial nozzle of motor of impulse type model water turbine ) 是由 梁权伟 万兵 吴伟 胡江艺 谢可为 汪刚 段昌德 吴中竟 李先金 于 2020-04-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种冲击式模型水轮机电机内置同轴式喷嘴,属于冲击式水轮机技术领域。包括喷嘴体、安装在喷嘴体内腔的驱动机构、力矩输出机构和喷针,驱动机构上安装有位移测量装置；力矩输出机构中的螺杆连接在驱动机构的输出端,所述喷针滑动连接在螺杆前端,螺杆上连接有一螺母,所述螺母一端固定连接在喷针尾端,螺母另一端的外圈上固定有防转挡圈,驱动机构靠近螺杆一端的端面上设有与螺杆平行的防转销,所述防转销依次插入防转挡圈和喷针上与其配合的销孔。本发明采用伺服电机配置的编码器测量电机旋转的角位移而换算出螺母的行程,防转挡圈以及防转销的设置,可防止螺母自旋转产生行程误差,从而实现喷针行程的精确测控。(The invention discloses a built-in coaxial nozzle of a motor of an impulse type model water turbine, and belongs to the technical field of impulse type water turbines. The nozzle comprises a nozzle body, a driving mechanism arranged in an inner cavity of the nozzle body, a torque output mechanism and a spray needle, wherein a displacement measuring device is arranged on the driving mechanism; the output of actuating mechanism is connected to the screw rod among the moment output mechanism, spray needle sliding connection is connected at the screw rod front end, is connected with a nut on the screw rod, nut one end fixed connection is at the spray needle tail end, is fixed with on the outer lane of the nut other end and prevents changeing the retaining ring, is equipped with the anti-rotation pin parallel with the screw rod on the terminal surface that actuating mechanism is close to screw rod one end, the anti-rotation pin inserts in proper order and prevents changeing retaining ring and spray needle on rather than the complex pinhole. The invention adopts the encoder configured by the servo motor to measure the angular displacement of the rotation of the motor so as to convert the stroke of the nut, and the arrangement of the anti-rotation check ring and the anti-rotation pin can prevent the stroke error generated by the self-rotation of the nut, thereby realizing the accurate measurement and control of the stroke of the spray needle.)

1. The built-in coaxial nozzle of impulse model hydraulic turbine motor, its characterized in that: the device comprises a nozzle body (1), a driving mechanism, a torque output mechanism and a spray needle (3), wherein the driving mechanism is arranged in the inner cavity of the nozzle body (1), and a displacement measuring device is arranged on the driving mechanism; a screw rod (2) in the torque output mechanism is connected with the output end of the driving mechanism, the spray needle (3) is connected to the front end of the screw rod (2) in a sliding manner, a nut (4) is connected onto the screw rod (2), one end of the nut (4) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the spray needle (3), and the screw rod (2) rotates to drive the nut (4) to move back and forth on the screw rod (2); an anti-rotation check ring (5) is fixed on the outer ring of the other end of the nut (4), an anti-rotation pin (11) parallel to the screw rod (2) is arranged on the end face of one end, close to the screw rod (2), of the driving mechanism, and the anti-rotation pin (11) is sequentially inserted into the pin holes matched with the anti-rotation check ring (5) and the spray needle (3).

2. The impulse model water turbine motor built-in coaxial nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving mechanism comprises a servo motor (7) and a speed reducer installed on the servo motor (7), a flow guide cover (9) is arranged at the tail end of the nozzle body (1), and the flow guide cover (9) is screwed into the inner cavity of the nozzle body (1) to press the servo motor (7).

3. The impulse model water turbine motor built-in coaxial nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the displacement measuring device is an encoder (10), and the encoder (10) is installed at the tail end of the servo motor (7).

4. The impulse model water turbine motor built-in coaxial nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the servo motor (7) is a miniature low-voltage direct-current driving motor.

5. The impulse model water turbine motor built-in coaxial nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail end of the spray needle (3) is provided with a threaded hole, and one end of a nut (4) is screwed into the threaded hole and is fixedly connected with the spray needle (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to an impulse turbine nozzle, in particular to a coaxial nozzle arranged in a motor of an impulse model turbine.

Background

Compared with the conventional reaction type water turbine, the impulse type water turbine has quite different working principle and structure form, and the high-pressure water flow of an upstream reservoir forms jet flow impact rotating wheels through a nozzle to drive a generator rotor to rotate to generate current. As a double-regulation type water turbine, the impulse water turbine realizes flow regulation by setting and opening and closing different numbers of nozzles and combining with the adjustment of the stroke of a spray needle.

In the hydraulic development process of the water turbine, the hydraulic performance test is carried out on a model test bed by reducing the size of a real machine flow passage component according to a certain proportion to manufacture a model. The water turbine model test is used as a means and a tool for hydraulic development basic research and hydraulic design verification, and has the functions of verifying hydraulic design, predicting real machine performance, developing basic research, executing acceptance test and the like. The operation principle of the model water turbine is similar to that of a real machine, and the difference is that the model test is to provide high-pressure water flow through a test bed main water pump instead of an upstream reservoir. The measurement accuracy requirement of the performance parameters of the model water turbine is far higher than that of a real machine, the measurement accuracy of the model efficiency is about 0.25% for the comprehensive error of the efficiency of the water turbine, and the measurement accuracy of the efficiency of the real machine is lower than 1.0%, so that higher requirements are provided for the measurement and control accuracy of test equipment.

At present, the stroke adjustment of a spray needle of an impulse model water turbine mainly comprises two modes of hand wheel manual adjustment and electric-hydraulic combined driving.

The hand wheel manual adjustment mode is that the hand wheel is manually rotated, and the driving screw drives the spray needle to move back and forth, so that the spray needle stroke adjustment is realized. The structure needs to extend a long screw from the end of the air guide sleeve in the nozzle body to penetrate through the water inlet pipe, and a bracket, a sleeve, a hand wheel and the like are arranged outside the water inlet pipe. The screw in the water inlet pipe destroys the geometric similarity condition between the water turbine model and the real machine flow passage component to a certain extent (the screw is not arranged in the water inlet pipe of the real machine of the power station, and the geometric similarity is one of the basic conditions for hydraulic performance conversion between the water turbine model and the real machine); meanwhile, the screw rod causes obstruction and disturbance to water flow entering the nozzle to form flow separation and vortex, so that flow field distribution is changed, the hydraulic performance of the model water turbine is adversely affected, and particularly, severe interference is brought to the performance test of hydraulic pulsation in the nozzle.

The electric-hydraulic combined driving mode adopts a servo motor and hydraulic combined driving mode, the nozzle structure of the driving mode is complex, the requirements on the processing and assembling precision of parts are high, the system is complex, a hydraulic power system and corresponding hydraulic control elements need to be configured, and the operation process is complex.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a built-in coaxial nozzle of a motor of an impulse model water turbine, which not only avoids the defects of a manual regulation mode and an electric-hydraulic combined driving mode, but also improves the measurement and control precision of test equipment and realizes the accurate regulation of the stroke of a spray needle.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the built-in coaxial nozzle of impulse model hydraulic turbine motor, its characterized in that: the nozzle comprises a nozzle body, a driving mechanism, a torque output mechanism and a spray needle, wherein the driving mechanism is arranged in an inner cavity of the nozzle body, and a displacement measuring device is arranged on the driving mechanism; a screw rod in the torque output mechanism is connected with the output end of the driving mechanism, the spray needle is connected to the front end of the screw rod in a sliding manner, the screw rod is connected with a nut, one end of the nut is fixedly connected to the tail end of the spray needle, and the screw rod rotates to drive the nut to move back and forth on the screw rod; an anti-rotation check ring is fixed on the outer ring of the other end of the nut, an anti-rotation pin parallel to the screw rod is arranged on the end face of the driving mechanism close to one end of the screw rod, and the anti-rotation pin is sequentially inserted into the anti-rotation check ring and a pin hole matched with the anti-rotation check ring and the spray needle.

Furthermore, the driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a speed reducer installed on the servo motor, a flow guide cover is arranged at the tail end of the nozzle body, and the flow guide cover is screwed into the inner cavity of the nozzle body to tightly press the servo motor.

Further, the displacement measuring device is an encoder, and the encoder is installed at the tail end of the servo motor.

Further, the servo motor is a miniature low-voltage direct-current driving motor.

Furthermore, a threaded hole is formed in the tail end of the spray needle, and one end of a nut is screwed into the threaded hole to be fixedly connected with the spray needle.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: after the servo motor is electrified, the screw rod is driven to rotate through the reduction box, the nut on the screw rod is driven to move back and forth, and the encoder at the shaft end of the servo motor measures the angular displacement of the rotation of the motor to convert the stroke of the nut; the servo motor and the base are combined and then are arranged in the inner cavity of the nozzle body, the guide cover is screwed in to tightly press the guide cover, the anti-rotation check ring is sleeved in the anti-rotation pin, the spray needle is directly screwed with the nut, and the anti-rotation pin is inserted into the anti-rotation check ring and the pin hole matched with the spray needle. Therefore, when the motor shaft rotates, the nut can only drive the spray needle to move back and forth along the screw rod without rotating, and the accurate adjustment of the stroke of the spray needle is realized.

The beneficial effects of this technical scheme are as follows:

1. the invention adopts an encoder configured by a servo motor to measure the stroke of a spray needle, after the motor is electrified, a screw rod is driven to rotate through a reduction box to drive a nut on the screw rod to move back and forth, and the encoder at the end of the motor shaft measures the angular displacement of the rotation of the motor to convert the stroke of the nut; the arrangement of the anti-rotation check ring and the anti-rotation pin can ensure that the nut can only move back and forth along the screw rod without rotating, thereby realizing the accurate measurement and control of the stroke of the spray needle;

2. the invention eliminates the obstruction and disturbance of the screw rod to the water flow, ensures the flow field distribution of the water flow when the water flow flows through the water distribution ring pipe and the nozzle, and improves the hydraulic performance of the model water turbine; the geometric dimension of the hydraulic flow passage component between the hydraulic turbine model and the real machine is similar, and the basic condition of hydraulic performance conversion between the hydraulic turbine model and the real machine is ensured;

3. the invention cancels a hydraulic loading system, greatly simplifies a nozzle structure and an operating system, reduces the system cost, simplifies the operating process, greatly improves the working efficiency and improves the safety of the system. And can realize the synchronous adjustment of multiple nozzles.

Drawings

The foregoing and following detailed description of the invention will be apparent when read in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure:

1. nozzle body, 2, screw rod, 3, spray needle, 4, nut, 5, prevent changeing retaining ring, 6, motor cabinet, 7, servo motor, 8, reducing gear box, 9, kuppe, 10, encoder, 11, prevent changeing round pin, 12, nozzle end cover.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "vertical", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when the products of the present invention are used, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, and are used for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements that are referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.