阅读说明：本技术 一种自导向式多自由度波浪能发电装置 (Self-guiding type multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device ) 是由 张万超 陈东 傅磊 唐练洋 徐天宇 徐张 于 2020-02-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种自导向式多自由度波浪能发电装置,包括支撑模块和发电模块；所述支撑模块采用多箱体桁架式结构；所述发电模块包括自导向液压PTO装置和磁感应发电装置；自导向液压PTO发电装置通过波浪带动两个立柱在不同方向产生纵摇,立柱往复摆动,使液压发电机发电；磁感应发电装置在波浪作用下双浮子沿立柱外周垂荡运动,带动磁棒在立柱内上下往复运动,电磁场发生位移产生的磁感线被电磁线圈切割而产生电能。本发明建立了基于纵摇和垂荡联合运动的自导向多自由度波浪能俘获系统,改变了传统装置仅俘获一个方向的波浪能缺点,实现了对任意方向波浪能的综合利用,大大提高了波浪能俘获效率；可广泛运用到现存的海洋工程结构中。(The invention discloses a self-guiding type multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy power generation device which comprises a supporting module and a power generation module, wherein the supporting module is connected with the power generation module; the supporting module adopts a multi-box truss structure; the power generation module comprises a self-guiding hydraulic PTO device and a magnetic induction power generation device; the self-guiding hydraulic PTO power generation device drives two upright posts to generate longitudinal shaking in different directions through waves, and the upright posts swing in a reciprocating manner, so that a hydraulic generator generates power; the magnetic induction generating set is characterized in that the double floats move along the periphery of the upright post in a vertically reciprocating mode under the action of waves to drive the magnetic rod to move vertically in the upright post, and magnetic induction lines generated by displacement of an electromagnetic field are cut by the electromagnetic coil to generate electric energy. The invention establishes the self-guiding multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy capturing system based on the combined motion of pitching and heaving, overcomes the defect that the traditional device only captures wave energy in one direction, realizes the comprehensive utilization of wave energy in any direction and greatly improves the wave energy capturing efficiency; can be widely applied to the existing ocean engineering structure.)

1. The utility model provides a self-steering formula multi freedom wave energy power generation facility which characterized in that: comprises a support module and a power generation module; the supporting module comprises a first floating box (1), a second floating box (2) and a third floating box (3) which are distributed in a regular triangle shape, and a ballast tank (4) is vertically connected under each floating box; the power generation module comprises a self-guiding hydraulic PTO device and a magnetic induction power generation device;

the self-guiding hydraulic PTO device comprises a stand column (5), a hydraulic generator (6), a hydraulic rod (18), a first circular groove (10), a second circular groove (11), a plurality of balls (12), a bearing (13), a fixing rod (15) and a disc (16); one end of the hydraulic generator (6) is connected with the top of the upright post (5) through a hydraulic rod (18), and the other end of the hydraulic generator is connected with a ball (12) and placed in the first circular groove (10); the bottom of the upright post (5) is hinged with a bearing (13) to form a fixed rod (15), the fixed rod (15) penetrates through the bearing (13) and two ends of the fixed rod are fixed on a disc (16), and at least two balls (12) are symmetrically connected to the outer side of the disc (16) and placed in the second circular groove (10); the ball (12) is in sliding fit with the first circular groove (10) and the second circular groove (11);

the magnetic induction generating set comprises a floater (7), a magnetic bar (8), an electromagnetic coil (9) and a connecting rod (17); float (7) are installed perpendicularly in the periphery of stand (5) and can be along the motion of heaving from top to bottom of stand (5), upper half is provided with solenoid (9) in stand (5), float (7) top is equipped with bar magnet (8) through connecting rod (17), inside up-and-down motion of stand (5) can be followed to bar magnet (8).

2. The self-guided multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first buoyancy tank (1), the second buoyancy tank (2) and the third buoyancy tank (3) are all cylindrical, and all the buoyancy tanks are connected with one another through a plane truss structure (19); the ballast tanks (4) are also cylindrical, and the ballast tanks (4) are connected with each other through a planar truss structure (19).

3. The self-guided multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer rings of the first circular groove (10) and the second circular groove (11) are respectively inscribed in a regular triangle formed between the upper plane truss structure (19) and the lower plane truss structure.

4. The self-guided multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom parts of the first buoyancy tank (1), the second buoyancy tank (2) and the third buoyancy tank (3) are respectively connected with the ballast tank (4) through a space truss structure (20).

5. The self-guided multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic generator is characterized in that the upright columns (5) are cylindrical and are provided with two hydraulic rods (18), one ends of the hydraulic rods (18) are connected with the hydraulic generator (6), and the herringbone two ends of the hydraulic rods (18) are connected with the outer walls of the top ends of the two upright columns (5) respectively.

6. The self-guided multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the top end of the upright post (5) is also provided with a limiter.

7. The self-guided multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer side of the floater (7) is in a power exponent shape, the upper part is in a cylindrical shape, and the lower part is in a paraboloid shape.

8. The self-guided multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the center of the fixed rod (15) corresponds to the circle center of the disc (16) up and down, and the length of the fixed rod (15) is consistent with the diameter of the disc (16).

9. The self-guided multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer side of the disc (16) is symmetrically provided with four balls (12).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a self-guiding type multi-degree-of-freedom wave power generation device.

Background

With the continuous and high-speed development of world economy, the demand of human beings on energy is increasing, and according to the current statistical annual average production, petroleum resources are exhausted in the year from China to 2040, natural gas is exhausted in the year from 2060, and the coal storage is completely exploited in the year 2300. In addition, when the fossil energy fuel is combusted, harmful substances such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and inhalable particles can be generated, the living environment of human beings is seriously polluted, and the life safety of the human beings is threatened. Therefore, in recent decades, people have attracted more and more attention on how to effectively and fully utilize various renewable energy sources, including wave energy, water energy, wind energy, solar energy and the like. Ocean wave energy is used as a clean renewable energy source, has the advantages of high energy quality, large energy flow density, wide distribution range, low construction and maintenance cost, easy realization of function diversification and the like, and has wide development prospect. China is a marine big country, from Bohai sea, yellow sea, east sea to south sea, the total area exceeds 470 million square kilometers, the total length of a coastline exceeds 3.2 million kilometers, the average wave height along the sea is about 1m, the energy storage capacity of wave energy can reach 1.5 hundred million kilowatts, the energy flow of the wave energy in China is distributed in the middle of Zhejiang, Taiwan, Fujian province sea-jar island and north, and the Bohai sea channel is the highest and reaches 5.11-7.73 kilowatts/meter.

Wave power generation is a main mode for developing and utilizing Wave energy, and a Wave Energy Converter (WEC) is equipment specially applied to Wave power generation. The working principle of the wave energy conversion device is that wave energy is converted into mechanical energy of a wave energy conversion device body, and then the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through an energy output system. At present, the research hotspot of wave energy power generation devices at home and abroad mainly focuses on the following 3 power generation devices considered to have commercial potential: the wave energy conversion device comprises an oscillating water column type wave energy conversion device, an overtopping type wave energy conversion device and an oscillating floater type wave energy conversion device. The oscillating water column type wave energy power generation device utilizes a container device communicated with seawater to drive a water column in an air chamber to do reciprocating motion under the action of waves, so that the position of the water surface changes to cause the volume change of air in the container, and the air in the container is compressed to generate acting force to drive an impeller to work to drive the power generation device to generate power. The oscillating water column wave energy device has the advantages that the relatively fragile mechanical part is only contacted with water flow or air flow which flows back and forth, is not contacted with seawater, and has good corrosion resistance; the low-speed wave energy is converted into airflow moving at high speed through the air chamber, so that the transmission is convenient, the safety and the reliability are realized, the faults are few, and the maintenance is convenient; the disadvantages are low conversion efficiency and high construction cost. When the wave energy conversion is performed, there are usually two conversion processes, that is, firstly, the wave energy is converted into mechanical energy which can be used for the operation of the turbine motor, so as to realize a primary conversion process of the energy, and then, the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the turbine motor to be output, so as to realize a secondary conversion process of the energy. The wave-crossing type wave energy conversion device has the advantages that the device has fewer movable parts, higher overall stability, good reliability, higher wave energy conversion efficiency, lower maintenance cost and stable system power output in heavy waves; the disadvantage is that the system conversion efficiency is low under small waves. The oscillating float type wave energy power generation device is the most abundant wave energy conversion device at present, and the device is characterized in that energy absorption systems of the device are all movable floating bodies which can move along with the waves, and when the device works, the waves drive the floating bodies to do reciprocating motion, so that an internal hydraulic device or a generator is driven to complete an energy conversion process. At present, the device mainly realizes wave energy power generation through motions and forms of heaving and swinging of the floating bodies, combination of multiple floating bodies and the like. The energy conversion device mainly comprises a linear motor and a hydraulic system, but the power generation efficiency does not meet the ideal requirement, and the energy utilization rate is low.

Therefore, the existing wave energy power generation device can not effectively and fully utilize the wave energy by singly capturing the vertical energy or the longitudinal energy of the waves through some mechanical principles for the utilization of the wave energy. Moreover, most devices can only utilize wave energy in a single direction, and cannot utilize wave energy in all directions according to the characteristic that the wave direction has uncertainty.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a self-guiding type multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy power generation device, which can realize the utilization of wave energy in any direction and improve the capture efficiency of the device on the wave energy.

The technical scheme is as follows: the invention adopts the technical scheme that the self-guiding type multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy power generation device comprises a support module and a power generation module; the supporting module comprises a first floating tank, a second floating tank and a third floating tank which are distributed in a regular triangle shape, and a ballast tank is vertically connected under each floating tank; the power generation module comprises a self-guiding hydraulic PTO device and a magnetic induction power generation device; the self-guiding hydraulic PTO device comprises an upright post, a hydraulic generator, a hydraulic rod, a first circular groove, a second circular groove, a plurality of balls, a bearing, a fixed rod and a disc; one end of the hydraulic generator is connected with the top of the upright post through a hydraulic rod, and the other end of the hydraulic generator is connected with a ball and placed in the first circular groove; the bottom of the upright post is hinged with a bearing and is connected with a fixed rod, the fixed rod penetrates through the bearing, two ends of the fixed rod are fixed on a disc, and at least two balls are symmetrically connected to the outer side of the disc and are placed in the second circular groove; the ball is in sliding fit with the first circular groove and the second circular groove; the magnetic induction generating set comprises a floater, a magnetic rod, an electromagnetic coil and a connecting rod; the floater is vertically arranged on the periphery of the upright post and can vertically swing along the upright post, the upper half part in the upright post is provided with an electromagnetic coil, the top end of the floater is provided with a magnetic rod through a connecting rod, and the magnetic rod can vertically move along the inside of the upright post.

Furthermore, the first buoyancy tank, the second buoyancy tank and the third buoyancy tank are all cylindrical, and all the buoyancy tanks are connected with one another through a planar truss structure; the ballast tanks are also cylindrical and are interconnected by a planar truss structure.

Further, the outer rings of the first circular groove and the second circular groove are respectively inscribed in a regular triangle formed between the upper portion and the lower portion of the planar truss structure.

Furthermore, the bottoms of the first buoyancy tank, the second buoyancy tank and the third buoyancy tank are respectively connected with the ballast tank through space truss structures, so that the stability and the safety of the whole device can be effectively guaranteed.

That is to say, the support module includes three flotation tanks and three ballast tank, all arranges according to regular triangle between the three flotation tanks and between the three ballast tank, and every flotation tank is in same plumb line with the ballast tank of its corresponding position, the center of space truss structure, effectively increases the stability and the security of whole device.

The truss structure can penetrate through waves to the maximum degree, loss of wave energy is reduced, and energy captured and absorbed by the power generation device is maximized.

Furthermore, the stand is cylindrical and has two, the hydraulic stem is the Y type, and hydraulic stem one end is connected with hydraulic generator, and hydraulic stem chevron shape both ends link to each other with the top outer wall of two stands respectively.

Furthermore, a limiter is arranged at the top end of the upright post. The limiter is used for preventing the incident wave height from exceeding the designed maximum wave height, and the floater breaks away from the upright column to damage the power generation module.

Further, the outer side of the float is in a power exponent shape, the upper portion is cylindrical, and the lower portion is parabolic. The use of a power-exponent outer shape of the float increases the contact area of the capturing device with the waves, and during the periodic movement of the waves, the displacement produced by the float is greater and more energy is collected.

Furthermore, the center of the fixed rod corresponds to the circle center of the disc up and down, and the length of the fixed rod is consistent with the diameter of the disc.

Furthermore, four balls are symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the disc.

The hydraulic generator at the top is arranged above the horizontal plane and crosses the seawater splashing area, so that the direct contact between the hydraulic generator and seawater is avoided, and the service life of the power generation device is greatly prolonged.

The power generation module comprises a self-steering hydraulic PTO power generation device and a magnetic induction power generation device, wherein the self-steering hydraulic PTO power generation device drives two upright posts to pitch in different directions under the action of waves in different directions, so that the upright posts swing along a motion guide rail in a reciprocating manner, a hydraulic power generator generates power, and wave energy is converted into electric energy; the magnetic induction generating set is characterized in that the stand column swings under the action of waves, the double floats move along the periphery of the stand column in a vertically reciprocating mode to drive the magnetic rod to move vertically in the stand column, the electromagnetic field displaces, and therefore the generated magnetic induction lines are cut by the electromagnetic coils to generate electric energy.

The invention converts wave energy into double-freedom (pitch and heave) coupling motion mechanical energy, has higher efficiency than a single-freedom heave or pendulum power generation device, is provided with a self-guiding device consisting of a first circular groove, a second circular groove and a plurality of balls in a matching sliding manner, and realizes the utilization of waves in all directions. The acquisition of the pitching freedom degree is mainly realized through double columns hinged on the disc, the disc is connected with the supporting carrier through bearings and can flexibly rotate, the double columns are pushed to swing under the action of waves, so that the advancing kinetic energy of the waves is captured, and a hydraulic system connected between the disc and the supporting carrier is activated to do work. The energy obtaining of the heave freedom degree is mainly realized by sleeving a floater with double upright columns, the bottom of the floater adopts an optimized design configuration, and the floater slides along the upright columns by fully utilizing the heave characteristic of waves under the action of the waves, so that a linear motor type system arranged inside the upright columns is activated to generate power.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the supporting module adopts a multi-box truss structure, fully utilizes the wave-transparent characteristic of the truss structure, reduces the wave impact effect and improves the dynamic stability of the device system; the retardation effect of the support module on wave input is reduced, the influence of the support module on the hydrodynamic force and motion of an energy obtaining structure is reduced, the stability of the system structure is enhanced, and the wave energy capturing capacity in a deep water environment is improved;

(2) the power generation module adopts a hydraulic-mechanical energy combined integrated design, a double-freedom-degree wave energy capturing system based on the combined motion of pitching and heaving is established, the pitching of the upright post, the heaving of the floater and the motion are effectively utilized through a hydraulic power output system and a direct-drive power output system respectively, and the wave energy capturing efficiency is greatly improved;

(3) the invention provides a wave energy capture structure form consisting of double upright columns and double floaters, wherein the double upright columns are hinged with a floating carrier at the bottom, so that the energy input of pitching motion is improved;

(4) the floater adopts a combination form of a cylinder and a paraboloid, is matched with the wave motion characteristic, and reduces the damping loss caused by the movement of the floater;

(5) the self-guiding device based on the circular grooves and the balls is established, the defect that the traditional device only captures waves in one direction is overcome, the utilization of wave energy in any direction by the whole device is realized, and the wave energy capturing efficiency of the device is greatly improved;

(6) the invention can be applied to the existing ocean engineering structure and has the advantages of wide application range, small environmental influence and high energy capture efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a support module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a power generation module of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the hydraulic PTO power plant of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the stud to the rod of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the magnetic induction generating apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of the float construction of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1, the self-guiding multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy power generation device of the embodiment includes a support module and a power generation module disposed inside the support module. The support module is composed of an upper cylindrical buoyancy tank structure (comprising a first buoyancy tank 1, a second buoyancy tank 2 and a third buoyancy tank 3) and a lower corresponding cylindrical ballast tank 4 structure. The power generation module comprises a self-guiding hydraulic PTO device and a magnetic induction power generation device, wherein the self-guiding hydraulic PTO device drives the two upright posts 5 to longitudinally rock in different directions under the action of waves in different directions, so that the upright posts 5 reciprocally swing along the motion guide rail, and the hydraulic power generator 6 generates power and converts wave energy into electric energy; when the upright post 5 swings under the action of waves, the double-floater 7 swings along the periphery of the upright post 5 to drive the magnetic rod 8 to reciprocate up and down in the upright post 5, and the electromagnetic field displaces, so that the generated magnetic induction lines are cut by the electromagnetic coil 9 to generate electric energy.

As shown in fig. 2, the first buoyancy tank 1, the second buoyancy tank 2 and the third buoyancy tank 3 in the support module are all wide cylinders, and the buoyancy tanks at the upper part are connected with each other through a planar truss structure 19 and arranged in a regular triangle shape; all vertically be connected with ballast tank 4 below the three flotation tanks, ballast tank 4 also is wide cylinder, and also is regular triangle shape through planar truss structure 19 interconnect between each ballast tank 4 and arranges, and regular triangle's structure can increase the overall stability of device. The two ends of the plane truss structure 19 are matched with the first buoyancy tank 1, the second buoyancy tank 2, the third buoyancy tank 3 and the three corresponding ballast tanks 4, so that the overall weight and the cost of the structure are reduced. The floating tanks at all positions and the ballast tanks at the corresponding positions are on the same plumb line and are connected through a space truss structure 20, so that the stability and the safety of the structure are effectively ensured. The truss structure can penetrate through waves to the maximum degree, and the loss amount of wave energy is reduced, so that the energy captured and absorbed by the power generation device is maximized. The truss is made of glass fiber reinforced plastics, and has high strength, corrosion resistance and light weight.

As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the power generation module includes a self-directed hydraulic PTO device and a magnetic induction power generation device. The self-guiding hydraulic PTO device is additionally provided with a self-guiding device on the basis of the hydraulic PTO device, and comprises two cylindrical hollow columns 5, a hydraulic generator 6, a Y-shaped hydraulic rod 18, a first circular groove 10, a second circular groove 11, a plurality of balls 12, a bearing 13, a fixing rod 15 and a disc 16. One end of the hydraulic generator 6 is connected with the top outer walls of the two upright posts 5 through a Y-shaped hydraulic rod 18, and the other end of the hydraulic generator is connected with a ball 12 and placed in the first circular groove 10. The bottom of each upright post 5 is hinged with the outer ring of the bearing 13 through a base 14, the fixing rod 15 successively penetrates through the two bearings 13, two ends of the fixing rod are fixed on the disc 16, for example, the fixing rod is welded, the center of the fixing rod 15 vertically corresponds to the circle center of the disc 16, the length of the fixing rod is consistent with the diameter of the disc 16, four balls 12 are symmetrically connected to the outer end face of the disc 16 and are placed in the second circular groove 11, and connecting lines of the two non-adjacent balls 12 are perpendicular to each other. The outer rings of the first circular groove 10 and the second circular groove 11 are respectively inscribed in a regular triangle formed between the upper part and the lower part of the plane truss structure 19, and the inscribed positions are fixed by adopting a welding mode. Wherein, the matching sliding among the first circular groove 10, the second circular groove 11 and the plurality of balls 12 constitutes a self-guiding device. The ball 12 is the solid sphere, and its diameter slightly is less than first circular recess 10 and second circular recess 11, makes it can smoothly cooperate the slip in the recess, and first circular recess 10 and second circular recess 11 are semi-closed shape simultaneously, and its opening aperture is less than the diameter of ball 12, prevents that the ball motion trajectory from changing under the wave impact, even breaks away from in the recess. Under the action of waves in different directions, the hydraulic PTO device is matched with the self-steering device, the two upright posts 5 generate pitching in different directions, so that the upright posts 5 swing back and forth along the motion guide rail, the hydraulic generator 6 generates electricity, and the wave energy is converted into electric energy. The hydraulic PTO device at the top is arranged on the horizontal plane and crosses the seawater splashing area, so that the direct contact between the hydraulic PTO device and seawater is avoided, and the service life of the power generation device is greatly prolonged. The energy capture mode of the self-guiding hydraulic PTO device is to convert captured wave energy into hydraulic energy to generate electricity by utilizing pitching of the double upright posts in different directions.

As shown in fig. 5, the upright 5 is mounted in a bearing form and connected with the fixed rod 15, so that in the case of waves in different directions, the upright 5 can only rotate around the fixed rod 15, and the transverse offset cannot damage the device. The semi-closed bearing connection mode can reduce the corrosion of seawater to the connection position to the maximum extent on the premise of ensuring that the upright post 5 can rotate stably to generate pitching energy.

As shown in fig. 6, the magnetic induction power generation device includes two floats 7, two magnetic rods 8, two electromagnetic coils 9, and two links 10. The floats 7 are vertically arranged on the peripheries of the two hollow upright posts 5 and can do vertical swinging motion along the outer walls of the upright posts 5. The electromagnetic coils 9 are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the two hollow upright posts 5, and the electromagnetic coils 9 are arranged at the upper parts 1/2 of the inner walls of the upright posts 5 for saving materials. The top end of the floater 7 is provided with an m-shaped connecting rod 17, the central position of the connecting rod 17 is connected with the magnetic rod 8 through a connector 21, and the magnetic rod 8 synchronously moves along the inside of the upright post 5 along with the up-and-down swinging motion of the floater 7. At this time, the electromagnetic field is also displaced, and the generated magnetic induction line is cut by the electromagnetic coil 9 to generate electric energy. The energy capture mode is that captured wave energy is converted into mechanical energy by utilizing the heaving motion of a floater, and a linear motor type system in an upright post is driven to generate electricity.

As shown in fig. 7, the outer side of the float 7 is in a power exponent shape, and the float structure in the form of an upper cylinder and a lower paraboloid can better match the wave motion characteristics compared with a traditional single cylindrical float, so that the wave energy really transmitted to the float 7 is larger, the heave displacement of the float 7 is increased, the damping loss generated by the movement of the float 7 along the guide rail is reduced, the contact area between the capturing device and the wave is increased, and more energy is collected by the float in the periodic motion of the wave.

In addition, the displacement of the uppermost ends of the columns 5 is the largest, so that the top ends of the two columns 5 below the junction of the hydraulic rods 18 are also provided with stops to ensure the maximum transfer of kinetic energy to the self-steering hydraulic PTO arrangement. In extreme cases, the incident wave height exceeds the designed maximum wave height, the float 7 can be separated from the upright post 5 to damage the power generation module, and the existence of the limiter directly avoids the dangerous situation.