阅读说明：本技术 一种用于防治路基冻胀的垂直式地埋管换热器 (Vertical type ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating frost heaving of roadbed ) 是由 朱宝龙 李馨 于 2020-05-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于防治路基冻胀的垂直式地埋管换热器,包括升热机构、分别连接在升热机构两端的放热组件以及通过输热管道连接在升热机构下端且与放热组件连通的制冷换热机构；放热组件包括分别连接在升热机构两端的双层换热管组件、连接在双层换热管组件上的气液分离器以及连接在气液分离器与制冷换热机构之间的分支管；该换热器结构简单,整体为组装式结构,便于运输及施工需要,且制作成本低,使用可靠,散热均匀,换热效果好,换热效率高。(The invention discloses a vertical type ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating frost heaving of a roadbed, which comprises a heat raising mechanism, heat releasing components respectively connected to two ends of the heat raising mechanism, and a refrigerating and heat exchanging mechanism connected to the lower end of the heat raising mechanism through a heat transmission pipeline and communicated with the heat releasing components; the heat release assembly comprises double-layer heat exchange tube assemblies respectively connected to two ends of the heat lifting mechanism, a gas-liquid separator connected to the double-layer heat exchange tube assemblies and a branch pipe connected between the gas-liquid separator and the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism; the heat exchanger is simple in structure, integrally of an assembled structure, convenient to transport and meet construction requirements, low in manufacturing cost, reliable to use, even in heat dissipation, good in heat exchange effect and high in heat exchange efficiency.)

1. A vertical type ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating frost heaving of a roadbed is characterized by comprising a heat raising mechanism (1), heat releasing components (2) respectively connected to two ends of the heat raising mechanism (1) and a refrigeration heat exchange mechanism (4) which is connected to the lower end of the heat raising mechanism (1) through a heat transmission pipeline (3) and communicated with the heat releasing components (2);

the heat release assembly (2) comprises double-layer heat exchange tube assemblies (20) respectively connected to the two ends of the heat lifting mechanism (1), a gas-liquid separator (21) connected to the double-layer heat exchange tube assemblies (20), and branch pipes (22) connected between the gas-liquid separator (21) and the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism (4).

2. The vertical ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating frost heaving of a roadbed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the double-layer heat exchange tube assembly (20) comprises an upper corrugated tube (201) connected to the outlet end of the heat raising mechanism (1) and a lower corrugated tube (202) connected below the upper corrugated tube (201), the gas-liquid separator (21) is arranged between the upper corrugated tube (201) and the lower corrugated tube (202), and the outlet end of the lower corrugated tube (202) is communicated with the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism (4).

3. The vertical ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating subgrade frost heaving according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat-raising mechanism (1) comprises a housing (10), a compressor unit (12) arranged in the housing (10), the inlet end of the upper corrugated pipe (201) penetrates through the housing (10) and is communicated with the outlet of the compressor unit (12), and the top end of the heat transmission pipeline (3) penetrates through the housing (10) and is communicated with the inlet of the compressor unit (12).

4. The vertical ground heat exchanger for controlling subgrade frost heaving according to claim 2, characterized in that a restrictor (23) is provided at the outlet end of the lower corrugated pipe (202), and the end of the branch pipe (22) away from the gas-liquid separator (21) is connected with the restrictor (23).

5. The vertical ground heat exchanger for controlling subgrade frost heavies according to claim 4, characterized in that a flow regulating valve (203) is arranged between the branch pipe (22) and the gas-liquid separator (21).

6. The vertical ground heat exchanger for controlling subgrade frost heaving according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the surface of the upper corrugated pipe (201) and the surface of the lower corrugated pipe (202) are both coated with graphene coatings.

7. The vertical ground heat exchanger for controlling subgrade frost heavies according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper corrugated pipe (201) and the lower corrugated pipe (202) each comprise a plurality of U-shaped pipes connected in series.

8. The vertical type ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating subgrade frost heaving according to claim 2, characterized in that the refrigeration and heat exchange mechanism (4) comprises a silicon carbide outer cylinder (40), an inner cylinder (41) arranged in the silicon carbide outer cylinder (40) and a spiral inner pipe (42) spirally arranged in the silicon carbide outer cylinder (40) in the axial direction, the upper end of the spiral inner pipe (42) is communicated with the outlet end of the lower-layer corrugated pipe (202), the inner cylinder (41) is communicated with the lower end of the heat transfer pipeline (3), and the upper half surface of the inner cylinder (41) is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed air holes (43);

and a gap is formed between the silicon carbide outer cylinder body (40) and the inner cylinder body (41), and the gap and the inner part of the spiral inner pipe (42) are filled with a refrigerating layer.

9. The vertical ground heat exchanger for controlling subgrade frost heavies according to claim 8, characterized in that the spiral inner pipe (42) is of a semi-circular structure in axial cross-section.

10. The vertical ground heat exchanger for controlling subgrade frost heavies according to claim 9, characterized in that a flange (5) is provided on the heat transfer pipe (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ground source heat pump heat exchangers, in particular to a vertical type ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating frost heaving of a roadbed.

Background

In China, permafrost reaches 215 kilometers squared, and has important influence on railway or highway construction and later operation. In winter, because water has a density higher than that of ice, frozen earth in a frozen state is like ice, the volume of frozen earth expands in the process of condensation, and the upper roadbed or steel rail is jacked up due to the expansion effect. In summer, the frozen soil is melted, the volume is reduced, and the raised roadbed or steel rail descends along with the melting of the frozen soil in winter. Repeated freezing and melting of frozen soil occur alternately, so that the roadbed can be seriously deformed or damaged, even slurry turning and mud pumping can be caused, the steel rail can have wavy height fluctuation, and the threat to the road operation safety can be caused. In these areas, shallow geothermal energy is abundant, the reserves are large, the mining difficulty is low, the stability and the continuity are good, and the development and the utilization can be further realized. The ground source heat pump heat exchanger is mainly filled with liquid working media, absorbs heat and releases heat through liquefaction and gasification, so that heat exchange is realized, and the ground source heat pump heat exchanger mainly comprises an evaporator, a condenser and a compressor.

At present, the buried pipe heat exchanger is generally made of polyethylene (PE pipe), but the heat conductivity coefficient is low and is 0.42W/(m.K), the high temperature resistance and the high pressure resistance are weak, and correspondingly, in order to meet the requirements, the number of source wells is large, the number of buried pipes is large, and the construction cost is high. Besides, common heat exchangers include metal heat exchangers, enamel heat exchangers, graphite heat exchangers and the like, but in the operation process, because metal does not have complete corrosion resistance, the metal can be corroded when facing different environment media, and the service life is influenced; enamel and graphite materials have the problems of low strength, poor safety performance (porcelain explosion and brittle fracture), weak high-temperature and high-pressure resistance and the like, so that the enamel and graphite materials are difficult to popularize. In recent years, silicon carbide materials have attracted attention due to the characteristics of corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high thermal conductivity, high hardness, wear resistance and the like, and are rapidly developed in the field of heat pumps. Graphene is a "super material" appearing in recent years, wherein the thermal conductivity coefficient of the graphene is as high as 5300W/(m.K), and the graphene is hard and is a suitable material, but at present, the graphene is high in cost and difficult to popularize and use in a large area. In addition, the phenomenon of low and uneven heat exchange efficiency exists in the contact process of the refrigerant in the ground heat exchanger and soil, sometimes even secondary frost heaving can be caused, and the mechanism in the heat exchanger needs to be further optimized to avoid the problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a vertical type ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating frost heaving of a roadbed, and the vertical type ground heat exchanger is used for solving the problem that the existing heat exchanger is poor in heat exchange effect.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a vertical ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating frost heaving of a roadbed comprises a heat lifting mechanism, heat releasing components respectively connected to two ends of the heat lifting mechanism, and a refrigeration heat exchange mechanism connected to the lower end of the heat lifting mechanism through a heat transmission pipeline and communicated with the heat releasing components;

the heat release assembly comprises a double-layer heat exchange tube assembly, a gas-liquid separator and a branch pipe, wherein the double-layer heat exchange tube assembly is connected to two ends of the heat release mechanism respectively, the gas-liquid separator is connected to the double-layer heat exchange tube assembly, and the branch pipe is connected between the gas-liquid separator and the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the heat exchanger has a simple structure, is integrally of an assembled structure, is convenient for transportation and construction requirements, and has low manufacturing cost and reliable use; carry out lasting heat exchange through the heat source in refrigeration heat transfer mechanism and the external ground body, form low temperature low pressure gas and then form high temperature high-pressure gas in entering into the heat rising mechanism in the heat exchanger, this high temperature high-pressure gas is again released heat through double-deck heat exchange tube assembly to gas and liquid through gas-liquid separator will pass through in the double-deck heat exchange tube assembly are shunted, avoid influencing the radiating effect, and the heat dissipation is even, improves heat transfer effect, and heat exchange efficiency is high.

Further, double-deck heat exchange tube subassembly is including connecting the upper bellows of the exit end of rising hot mechanism and connecting the lower floor bellows below the upper bellows, and vapour and liquid separator sets up between upper bellows and lower floor's bellows, and the exit end of lower floor's bellows communicates with refrigeration heat transfer mechanism.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the upper bellows forms dual heat transfer group tubular construction with lower floor's bellows, and mechanism makes high temperature high-pressure gas with gas when rising to heat and releases heat through the upper bellows, is the coexistence state of gas-liquid in the upper bellows this moment, and liquid flows back liquid to refrigeration heat transfer mechanism in through vapour and liquid separator, and gas then lets in and continues to release heat to the bellows of lower floor in, and the gas after releasing heat gets into in refrigeration heat transfer mechanism, realizes cycle work, reliable operation, and heat exchange efficiency is high.

Furthermore, the heat raising mechanism comprises a shell and a compressor unit arranged in the shell, the inlet end of the upper corrugated pipe penetrates through the shell and is communicated with the outlet of the compressor unit, and the top end of the heat transmission pipeline penetrates through the shell and is communicated with the inlet of the compressor unit.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the gas entering the heating mechanism is heated and compressed through the compressor unit to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas, so that the heat exchange state of the gas introduced into the upper-layer corrugated pipe is improved, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

Further, the outlet end of the lower corrugated pipe is provided with a restrictor, and the end part of the branch pipe far away from the gas-liquid separator is connected with the restrictor.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: become the gas through the choke ware through lower floor's bellows and become low pressure wet steam and then convey to refrigeration heat transfer mechanism in, improve the recycle utilization ratio, guarantee with the consistent degree of closing of refrigeration heat transfer mechanism operating condition, improve the reliability that the heat exchanger used.

Further, a flow rate regulating valve is arranged between the branch pipe and the gas-liquid separator.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the gas flow input between the upper corrugated pipe and the lower corrugated pipe is adjusted through the flow control valve, the gas flow in the pipe is ensured to be in a uniform speed state through the adjustment of the flow control valve, the improvement of the heat dissipation uniformity is facilitated, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

Further, the surfaces of the upper-layer corrugated pipe and the lower-layer corrugated pipe are both coated with graphene coatings.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the graphene coating improves the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and heat conductivity.

Furthermore, the upper layer corrugated pipe and the lower layer corrugated pipe both comprise a plurality of continuously connected U-shaped pipes.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: through the special spiral coil pipe structure of the upper corrugated pipe and the lower corrugated pipe, the heat dissipation efficiency is further effectively enlarged.

Further, the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism comprises a silicon carbide outer cylinder, an inner cylinder arranged in the silicon carbide outer cylinder and a spiral inner pipe spirally arranged in the silicon carbide outer cylinder in the axial direction, the upper end of the spiral inner pipe is communicated with the outlet end of the lower-layer corrugated pipe, the inner cylinder is communicated with the lower end of the heat transmission pipeline, and a plurality of uniformly distributed air holes are formed in the surface of the upper half part of the inner cylinder;

a gap is formed between the silicon carbide outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the gap and the inner part of the spiral inner tube are both filled with a refrigerating layer.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the silicon carbide outer cylinder has good heat-conducting property and high-efficiency heat-conducting and radiating effects, and is beneficial to improving the heat-conducting effect with soil; the inner cylinder and the spiral inner pipe form a multi-layer structure, so that heat exchange is more uniform, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; and carry out the heat exchange through the continuous and soil of refrigeration layer and be convenient for form low temperature low pressure gas in the barrel, set up the reliable circulation between the heat transfer gas of being convenient for through the gas pocket.

Furthermore, the axial section of the spiral inner pipe is of a semicircular structure.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: the special structure of the spiral inner pipe effectively increases the shell pass, increases the disturbance, further makes the refrigerant fully contact with the soil, realizes the promotion of the heat transfer effect, and improves the use performance of the spiral inner pipe.

Furthermore, a flange is arranged on the heat transmission pipeline.

The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical scheme are: through the flange setting, under the prerequisite that makes the device dismantle conveniently, improve sealing performance effectively, avoid the heat to scatter and disappear, help improving heat transfer effect.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the vertical buried heat exchanger provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the whole heat exchanger is of an assembled structure, the transportation and construction requirements are convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the use is reliable; carry out lasting heat exchange through the heat source in refrigeration heat transfer mechanism and the external ground body, form low temperature low pressure gas and then form high temperature high-pressure gas in entering into the heat rising mechanism in the heat exchanger, this high temperature high-pressure gas is again released heat through double-deck heat exchange tube assembly to gas and liquid through gas-liquid separator will pass through in the double-deck heat exchange tube assembly are shunted, avoid influencing the radiating effect, and the heat dissipation is even, improves heat transfer effect, and heat exchange efficiency is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the refrigeration and heat exchange mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 3;

the reference numerals shown in fig. 1 to 4 are respectively expressed as: 1-heat rising mechanism, 2-heat releasing component, 3-heat conveying pipeline, 4-refrigeration heat exchange mechanism, 20-double-layer heat exchange pipe component, 21-gas-liquid separator, 22-branch pipe, 201-upper-layer corrugated pipe, 202-lower-layer corrugated pipe, 10-shell, 12-compressor unit, 23-restrictor, 203-flow regulating valve, 40-silicon carbide outer cylinder, 41-inner cylinder, 42-spiral inner pipe and 43-air hole.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a vertical type ground heat exchanger for preventing and treating frost heaving of a roadbed comprises a heat raising mechanism 1, heat releasing components 2 respectively connected to two ends of the heat raising mechanism 1, and a refrigeration heat exchange mechanism 4 connected to the lower end of the heat raising mechanism 1 through a heat transmission pipeline 3 and communicated with the heat releasing components 2; the heat releasing component 2 comprises a double-layer heat exchange tube component 20 respectively connected to two ends of the heat lifting mechanism 1, a gas-liquid separator 21 connected to the double-layer heat exchange tube component 20, and a branch pipe 22 connected between the gas-liquid separator 21 and the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism 4.

The heat exchanger has a simple structure, is integrally of an assembled structure, is convenient for transportation and construction requirements, and has low manufacturing cost and reliable use; carry out lasting heat exchange through the heat source in refrigeration heat transfer mechanism 4 and the external ground body, form low temperature low pressure gas and then form high temperature high-pressure gas in entering into heat rising mechanism 1 in the heat exchanger, this high temperature high-pressure gas is again through double-deck heat exchange tube subassembly 20 and is released heat to gas and liquid through gas-liquid separator 21 in will passing through double-deck heat exchange tube subassembly 20 are shunted, avoid influencing the radiating effect, and the heat dissipation is even, improves heat transfer effect, and heat exchange efficiency is high.

The double-layer heat exchange tube assembly 20 comprises an upper-layer corrugated tube 201 connected to the outlet end of the heat lifting mechanism 1 and a lower-layer corrugated tube 202 connected below the upper-layer corrugated tube 201, the gas-liquid separator 21 is arranged between the upper-layer corrugated tube 201 and the lower-layer corrugated tube 202, and the outlet end of the lower-layer corrugated tube 202 is communicated with the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism 4. Upper bellows 201 forms dual heat transfer group tubular construction with lower floor's bellows 202, make high temperature high-pressure gas with gas when rising heat mechanism 1 and then release heat through upper bellows 201, be the gas-liquid coexistence state in the upper bellows 201 this moment, liquid flows back liquid to refrigeration heat transfer mechanism 4 in through vapour and liquid separator 21, gas then lets in and continues to release heat in lower floor's bellows 202, gas after releasing heat gets into in refrigeration heat transfer mechanism 4, realize the cycle work, the reliable operation, the heat exchange efficiency is high.

The heat-raising mechanism 1 comprises a shell 10 and a compressor unit 12 arranged in the shell 10, wherein the inlet end of the upper-layer corrugated pipe 201 penetrates through the shell 10 and is communicated with the outlet of the compressor unit 12, and the top end of the heat transmission pipeline 3 penetrates through the shell 10 and is communicated with the inlet of the compressor unit 12. The gas entering the heating mechanism 1 is heated and compressed by the compressor unit 12 to form high-temperature and high-pressure gas, so that the heat exchange state of the gas introduced into the upper corrugated pipe 201 is improved, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

The upper corrugated pipe 201 and the lower corrugated pipe 202 are both made of corrugated pipes, and compared with a common smooth straight pipe, the heat transfer efficiency is 2-4 times higher, and the heat dissipation efficiency is further improved by adopting a spiral coil pipe form.

A restrictor 23 is provided at the outlet end of the lower bellows 202, and the end of the branch pipe 22 remote from the gas-liquid separator 21 is connected to the restrictor 23. The gas passing through the lower-layer corrugated pipe 202 is changed into low-pressure wet steam through the throttler 23 and then conveyed into the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism 4, the repeated circulation utilization rate is improved, the consistent degree of the working state of the refrigeration heat exchange mechanism 4 is ensured, and the use reliability of the heat exchanger is improved.

A flow rate adjustment valve 203 is provided between the branch pipe 22 and the gas-liquid separator 21. The gas flow between the upper corrugated pipe 201 and the lower corrugated pipe 202 is adjusted through the flow control valve, and the gas flow in the pipes is ensured to be in a uniform speed state through the adjustment of the flow control valve, so that the improvement of the heat dissipation uniformity is facilitated, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the refrigeration and heat exchange mechanism 4 includes a silicon carbide outer cylinder 40, an inner cylinder 41 disposed in the silicon carbide outer cylinder 40, and a spiral inner tube 42 spirally disposed in the silicon carbide outer cylinder 40 in the axial direction, an upper end of the spiral inner tube 42 is communicated with an outlet end of the lower corrugated tube 202, the inner cylinder 41 is communicated with a lower end of the heat transfer pipeline 3, and a plurality of uniformly distributed air holes 43 are disposed on a surface of an upper half portion of the inner cylinder 41; a gap is formed between the silicon carbide outer cylinder 40 and the inner cylinder 41, and the gap and the interior of the spiral inner tube 42 are both filled with a refrigerating layer.

The silicon carbide outer cylinder 40 has good heat conductivity and efficient heat transfer and radiation effects, and is beneficial to improving the heat conduction effect between the silicon carbide outer cylinder and a heat source in an external rock-soil body. The inner cylinder body 41 and the spiral inner tube 42 form a multi-layer structure, so that heat exchange is more uniform, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; and carry out the heat exchange through the continuous and soil of refrigeration layer and be convenient for form low temperature low pressure gas in the barrel, set up the reliable circulation between the heat transfer gas of being convenient for through gas pocket 43.

The spiral inner tube 42 has a semicircular axial cross section. The special structure of the spiral inner tube 42 effectively increases the shell pass, increases the disturbance, further makes the refrigerant fully contact with the soil, realizes the promotion of the heat transfer effect, and improves the use performance of the spiral inner tube 42.

The surfaces of the upper corrugated pipe 201 and the lower corrugated pipe 202 are both coated with graphene coatings. The graphene coating improves the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and heat conductivity.

The upper corrugated pipe 201 and the lower corrugated pipe 202 each include a plurality of U-shaped pipes connected in series. The heat dissipation efficiency is further effectively increased by the special spiral coil structures of the upper corrugated pipe 201 and the lower corrugated pipe 202.

The heat transmission pipeline 3 is provided with a flange 5 matched with the inner cylinder 41. Through the setting of flange 5, realize dismantling under the convenient prerequisite, improve sealing performance effectively, avoid the heat to scatter and disappear, help improving the heat transfer effect.

During operation, firstly, drilling is carried out on the ground, and the frost heaving layer is generally 0.5-1.5 m deep underground, so that the drilling depth is required to ensure that the distance between the heat dissipation section and the ground surface is not more than 1.5 m. The connected heat exchanger is lowered into the ground hole. The refrigerant layer is fully contacted with the silicon carbide outer cylinder 40 through the spiral inner tube 42 to exchange partial heat, the refrigeration layer is also continuously heat-exchanged with a heat source in an external rock-soil body to form low-temperature low-pressure gas which enters the inner cylinder 41 from the air hole 43 and then enters the compressor assembly through the PPR tube, the low-temperature low-pressure gas is changed into high-temperature high-pressure gas through the compressor unit, the high-temperature high-pressure gas flows through the upper-layer corrugated tube 201 to release heat, at the moment, the gas and the liquid coexist in the tube, the liquid flows into the throttler 23 through the gas-liquid separator 21, the gas in the upper-layer corrugated tube 201 flows into the lower-layer corrugated tube 202 to continuously release heat, the gas after the heat release of the lower-layer corrugated tube passes through the throttler 23 to be changed into low-pressure wet steam to be introduced into the silicon carbide outer cylinder 40 at the lower, and then the cycle starts. The refrigerant is continuously converted between a gas state and a liquid state, and the superior heat conductivity and the efficient heat transfer and heat dissipation efficiency of the corrugated pipe, the silicon carbide and the graphene are combined, so that the heat of the roadbed is continuously taken away, and the stability of the roadbed is kept.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.