阅读说明：本技术 一种一体化制冷相对论磁控管 (Integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron ) 是由 王冬 秦奋 雷芳燕 张勇 徐莎 雷禄容 鞠炳全 于 2020-04-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种一体化制冷相对论磁控管,包括由内向外依次同轴排布的阴极、阳极块、用于实现阳极块降温的一体化制冷阳极外筒、磁体,所述阳极块与一体化制冷阳极外筒的内表面接触,所述阳极块的后端设置有用于将高功率微波能量提取输出到下游的输出结构。本发明中的一体化制冷阳极外筒充分利用了磁控管的内部空间,不增加系统横向尺寸,且不占用磁体空间,提高了系统的轻小型化水平,另外本发明在一体化制冷阳极外筒内设置冷却液回形导流通道,保证了冷却液在冷却液槽内形成均匀的折叠流,在工作过程中可以将阳极块上不同角向位置所产生的热量一次带走,不会由于冷却液分布不均而导致局部温度过高。(The invention discloses an integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron which comprises a cathode, an anode block, an integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder and a magnet, wherein the cathode and the anode block are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence, the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder is used for realizing the cooling of the anode block, the anode block is in contact with the inner surface of the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder, and the rear end of the anode block is provided with an output structure used for extracting and outputting high-power microwave energy to the downstream. In addition, the cooling liquid U-shaped flow guide channel is arranged in the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder, so that uniform folded flow of the cooling liquid in a cooling liquid groove is ensured, heat generated at different angular positions on an anode block can be taken away at one time in the working process, and local overhigh temperature caused by uneven distribution of the cooling liquid is avoided.)

1. The integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron is characterized by comprising a cathode, an anode block, an integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder and a magnet, wherein the cathode and the anode block are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence, the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder is used for realizing the cooling of the anode block, and the anode block is in contact with the inner surface of the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder.

2. The integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron according to claim 1, wherein a cooling liquid groove filled with cooling liquid is formed in the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder, and a flow guide channel for realizing continuous and uniform flow of the cooling liquid is formed in the cooling liquid groove.

3. The integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron as claimed in claim 2, wherein the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and a cooling liquid shell, and the cooling liquid shell and the inner cylinder are coaxially arranged and respectively form the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the cooling liquid groove.

4. The integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are arranged at one side end of the outer surface of the cooling liquid shell, and the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are arranged in parallel and are respectively communicated with the cooling liquid groove.

5. The integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron as claimed in claim 4, wherein a partition and a plurality of flow deflectors are arranged in the cooling liquid tank, a flow guide channel is formed by the partition and the flow deflectors, and the partition is arranged between the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet to realize the transportation of the cooling liquid from the cooling liquid inlet to the cooling liquid outlet through the flow guide channel.

6. The integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron as claimed in claim 5, wherein the baffles are axially arranged in the cooling liquid bath, and the axial end positions of adjacent baffles are alternately provided with a diversion port to form a zigzag diversion channel.

7. An integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron as claimed in claim 6 wherein the baffles are of equal length and the spacing between adjacent baffles is equal.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and particularly relates to an integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron.

Background

High Power Microwave (HPM) refers to electromagnetic waves with peak Power greater than 100MW and frequency between 1GHz and 300 GHz. It is a new research field developed with the development of pulse power technology, relativistic electronics and plasma physics, etc. in the 70 s of this century. The high-power microwave source is mainly a device for generating high-power microwave radiation by using relativistic electron beams, and is one of key components in a high-power microwave system. Many applications require high power microwave sources to maximize conversion efficiency and reduce power consumption, size and weight of the system. Meanwhile, in order to meet the requirements of practical application, the high-power microwave source also needs to have a long working life and the capability of continuous long-time working. Therefore, a long-life, light and small high-power microwave source becomes a hot spot in the research field of high-power microwave technology. The Relativistic Magnetron (RM) has the advantages of simple structure, low operating magnetic field, high efficiency, high power, capability of repeating pulse and the like, and is one of light and small high-power microwave sources with the most practical value.

As an orthogonal field device, the cathode electron emission area of a relativistic magnetron is superposed with the axial position of an anode, and strong current electrons generated by the cathode directly bombard the surface of the anode after exchanging energy with a high-frequency microwave mode determined by a slow wave structure of an anode block and are collected by the anode. During long-term operation, the continuous bombardment of high current electrons can cause the temperature of the anode to rise, and if no cooling measures are taken, the surface of the anode can be ablated to influence the normal operation of the anode. Meanwhile, since the entire anode region of the magnetron is an electron collecting region, the entire anode region must be cooled during a long time operation.

Excitation magnets are arranged in the outer area of the anode of the relativistic magnetron; in order to achieve the light and small size and low power consumption of the system, the inner diameter of the magnet is generally set to be smaller, so that the space between the periphery of the anode block and the magnet is smaller, and the cooling structure is difficult to design.

Accordingly, further developments and improvements are still needed in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at various defects in the prior art, in order to realize the integrated design of a relativistic magnetron refrigerating assembly and an anode outer cylinder, reduce the volume weight of a high-power microwave source system running for a long time and meet various application requirements, an integrated refrigerating relativistic magnetron is provided.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an integration refrigeration relativistic magnetron, includes negative pole, the positive pole piece of arranging coaxially in proper order from inside to outside, is used for realizing integration refrigeration positive pole urceolus, magnet of positive pole piece cooling, the internal surface contact of positive pole piece and integration refrigeration positive pole urceolus, the magnet is hugged closely with integration refrigeration positive pole urceolus.

Further, the high-power microwave energy generated in the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder is extracted and output to a downstream output structure, and the output structure is arranged at the rear end of the anode block.

Furthermore, a cooling liquid tank filled with cooling liquid is arranged inside the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder, and a flow guide channel used for realizing continuous and uniform flow of the cooling liquid is arranged in the cooling liquid tank.

Further, the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder comprises an inner cylinder and a cooling liquid shell, wherein the cooling liquid shell and the inner cylinder are coaxially arranged and respectively form the upper boundary and the lower boundary of the cooling liquid tank.

Furthermore, a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet are formed in the end portion of one side of the outer surface of the cooling liquid shell, and the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are arranged in parallel and are respectively communicated with the cooling liquid tank.

Preferably, the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet are both arranged at the front end of the cooling liquid tank.

Furthermore, a partition plate and a plurality of guide plates are arranged in the cooling liquid tank, a guide channel is formed by the partition plate and the guide plates, and the partition plate is arranged between the cooling liquid inlet and the cooling liquid outlet to convey cooling liquid from the cooling liquid inlet to the cooling liquid outlet through the guide channel.

Preferably, the guide plates are axially arranged in the cooling liquid tank, and the axial end parts of the adjacent guide plates are alternately provided with a guide port to form a clip-shaped guide channel.

Preferably, the baffles are equal in length and the spacing between adjacent baffles is equal.

Further, the cathodes are distributed along the axis of the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder.

Preferably, the magnet is a permanent magnet, an electromagnet or a hybrid permanent/electromagnetic magnet.

The working principle of the integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron of the invention is as follows: before the magnetron starts working between the cathode and the anode in relativity, the cooling liquid with certain flow rate is continuously introduced into the cooling liquid inlet according to the requirement; after entering the cooling liquid tank, the cooling liquid forms uniform folded flow along the square-shaped flow guide channel and flows to the position of a cooling liquid outlet; after the cooling liquid reaches the position of a cooling liquid outlet, high-voltage electric pulses are added between the cathode and the anode to form a radial electric field which is orthogonal to an axial magnetic field formed by the magnet; the electrons emitted by the cathode drift along the angle under the action of the orthogonal electromagnetic field to form an electron spoke; when the rotation of the electronic spoke in the interaction space is synchronous with the phase speed of the high-frequency field tuned to the specific frequency, the electrons transfer energy to the high-frequency field to generate high-power microwaves; high-power microwave energy is extracted and output to the downstream through an output structure; in the process of microwave generation, the electron beam continuously bombards the anode block, and the vast majority of the rest energy of the electrons is delivered to the anode in the form of heat energy; the heat of the anode is conducted to the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder through heat and is taken away by the continuously flowing cooling liquid, so that the temperature of the anode is kept within an acceptable range of the magnet and the anode when the relativistic magnetron runs for a long time.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides an integrated relativistic magnetron, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

(1) the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder in the integrated relativistic magnetron fully utilizes the internal space of the magnetron, does not increase the transverse size of the system, does not occupy the space of a magnet, and improves the light and small size level of the system.

(2) According to the invention, the square-shaped flow guide channel is adopted to ensure that the cooling liquid forms uniform folded flow in the cooling liquid tank, so that heat generated at different angular positions on the anode can be taken away at one time in the working process, and local overhigh temperature caused by uneven distribution of the cooling liquid can not be caused.

(3) The integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron provided by the invention can be well applied to a high-power microwave system which has a compact structure and runs for a long time.

Drawings

Several preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated refrigeration relativistic magnetron in an embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional sectional view of an integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder except for the cooling liquid outer shell in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional sectional view of an integrated relativistic magnetron in the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a partial structural schematic view of an integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the drawings: 1-integrated refrigeration anode outer cylinder, 2-anode block, 3-cathode, 4-magnet, 5-output structure, 6-inner cylinder, 7-cooling liquid shell, 8-cooling liquid groove, 9-cooling liquid inlet, 10-cooling liquid outlet, 11-clapboard, 12-guide plate and 13-spiral guide plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the following description of the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention is made clearly and completely, and other similar embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. in the following embodiments are directions with reference to the drawings only, and thus, the directional terms are used for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention.