阅读说明：本技术 基于单个自动调温低温热源的太赫兹激光器 (Terahertz laser based on single automatic temperature-adjusting low-temperature heat source ) 是由 黄粤龙 欧阳征标 黄海涛 陶科玉 于 2020-03-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了基于单个自动调温低温热源的太赫兹激光器,包括：储藏容器,用于存储工作物质；冷却腔,通过第一输送管与储藏容器相连通,并在第一输送管上设有温度检测设备；低温热源设备,与冷却腔相连,使储藏容器内的工作物质经第一输送管输送至冷却腔内进行冷却,产生太赫兹辐射；温度控制系统,用于根据温度检测设备反馈的温度数据调节低温热源设备所产生的热量,进而维持冷却腔内部和储藏容器内部之间的温度差为设定值；谐振腔,冷却腔的两端壁上均设有透明窗,并在两个透明窗外分别设有共轴的高反射镜和部分反射镜,形成谐振腔,使太赫兹辐射经谐振腔的协同形成太赫兹激光。本发明可自动调节冷却腔内温度,提高太赫兹激光的能量转换效率。(The invention discloses a terahertz laser based on a single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source, which comprises: a storage container for storing a working substance; the cooling cavity is communicated with the storage container through a first conveying pipe, and the first conveying pipe is provided with temperature detection equipment; the low-temperature heat source equipment is connected with the cooling cavity, so that the working substance in the storage container is conveyed into the cooling cavity through the first conveying pipe to be cooled, and terahertz radiation is generated; the temperature control system is used for adjusting the heat generated by the low-temperature heat source equipment according to the temperature data fed back by the temperature detection equipment so as to maintain the temperature difference between the inside of the cooling cavity and the inside of the storage container as a set value; transparent windows are arranged on two end walls of the resonant cavity, and coaxial high reflectors and partial reflectors are respectively arranged outside the two transparent windows to form the resonant cavity, so that terahertz radiation is cooperated with the resonant cavity to form terahertz laser. The invention can automatically adjust the temperature in the cooling cavity and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the terahertz laser.)

1. Terahertz laser based on single automatic temperature adjustment low temperature heat source, its characterized in that includes:

the storage container is used for storing the working substance;

the cooling cavity is communicated with the storage container through a first conveying pipe, and the first conveying pipe is provided with temperature detection equipment;

the low-temperature heat source equipment is connected with the cooling cavity and provides heat lower than the temperature of the working substance for the cooling cavity, so that the working substance in the storage container is conveyed into the cooling cavity through the first conveying pipe to be cooled, and terahertz radiation is generated;

the temperature control system is connected with the low-temperature heat source equipment and the temperature detection equipment and is used for adjusting the heat generated by the low-temperature heat source equipment according to the temperature data fed back by the temperature detection equipment so as to maintain the temperature difference between the inside of the cooling cavity and the inside of the storage container as a set value;

and a first transparent window and a second transparent window are respectively arranged on two end walls of the cooling cavity, and a coaxial high reflector and a coaxial partial reflector are respectively arranged outside the first transparent window and the second transparent window to form a resonant cavity, so that the terahertz radiation forms terahertz laser through the cooperation of the resonant cavity.

2. The terahertz laser based on single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source according to claim 1, wherein a one-way valve is arranged on the first conveying pipe, so that the working substance in the storage container can enter the cooling cavity in a one-way mode.

3. The terahertz laser based on single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cooling cavity is connected with a recovery container through a second conveying pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged on the second conveying pipe, so that the working substance in the cooling cavity can enter the recovery container in a one-way mode.

4. The terahertz laser based on single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source as claimed in claim 3, wherein a power device is arranged on the second conveying pipe to drive the working substance in the cooling cavity to enter the recovery container.

5. The terahertz laser based on the single automatic temperature regulation low-temperature heat source as claimed in claim 4, wherein the power device is connected with a frequency power control system, and the frequency power control system controls the conveying speed of the power device to change the flow rate of the working substance, so as to realize the regulation of the output power of the terahertz laser.

6. The terahertz laser based on the single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source according to claim 5, wherein the high reflector and the partial reflector are connected with the frequency power control system, and the frequency power control system adjusts the distance between the high reflector and the partial reflector so as to change the output frequency of the terahertz laser; the first transparent window and the high reflecting mirror are positioned on the end wall of the cooling cavity or are replaced by the high reflecting mirror and are arranged at the position of the first transparent window on the end wall of the cooling cavity; and the second transparent window and the partial reflector which are positioned on the end wall of the cooling cavity or are replaced by the partial reflector are arranged at the position of the second transparent window on the end wall of the cooling cavity.

7. The terahertz laser based on single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source according to claim 6, wherein the high reflector and the partial reflector are metal or dielectric reflectors, the reflectivity of the high reflector to terahertz waves is 90% -100%, and the transmissivity of the high reflector is 0; the partial reflector has 90-99% of terahertz wave pair reflectivity and 1-10% of transmissivity; and the equivalent optical distance between the high reflector and the partial reflector is integral multiple of half wavelength of working terahertz wave.

8. The terahertz laser based on the single automatic temperature regulation low-temperature heat source as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a working parameter display system connected to the frequency power control system and the temperature control system for receiving the collected parameters of the frequency power control system and the temperature control system, calculating and outputting the working parameters of the terahertz laser according to the collected parameters, and displaying the working parameters.

9. The terahertz laser based on a single self-temperature-regulating cryogenic heat source of claim 8, wherein the cryogenic heat source device, the cooling cavity, the first delivery tube and the second delivery tube are wrapped with thermal insulation layers.

10. The terahertz laser based on the single self-temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source according to claim 1, wherein the working substance is one or a mixture of organic gas, organic liquid, inorganic gas and inorganic liquid.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of terahertz, in particular to a terahertz laser based on a single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source.

Background

Terahertz technology has wide applications in communication, sensing, remote sensing, security, drug detection, medical treatment, radar and the like, and has been widely regarded in recent years. All terahertz technologies and applications are not separable from terahertz sources. At present, terahertz sources based on electronic technology frequency up-conversion, vacuum technology free electronic devices, semiconductor technology quantum cascade devices and optical down-conversion technology have the problems of extremely low efficiency and high cost, and most of the sources have large volumes, so that the terahertz sources with high efficiency, low cost and small volume become the problems which are urgently needed to be solved at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the terahertz laser based on the single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source, which can automatically regulate the temperature in the cooling cavity and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the terahertz laser.

The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

terahertz laser based on single automatic temperature adjustment low temperature heat source includes:

the storage container is used for storing the working substance;

the cooling cavity is communicated with the storage container through a first conveying pipe, and the first conveying pipe is provided with temperature detection equipment;

the low-temperature heat source equipment is connected with the cooling cavity and provides heat lower than the temperature of the working substance for the cooling cavity, so that the working substance in the storage container is conveyed into the cooling cavity through the first conveying pipe to be cooled, and terahertz radiation is generated;

the temperature control system is connected with the low-temperature heat source equipment and the temperature detection equipment and is used for adjusting the heat generated by the low-temperature heat source equipment according to the temperature data fed back by the temperature detection equipment so as to maintain the temperature difference between the inside of the cooling cavity and the inside of the storage container as a set value;

and a first transparent window and a second transparent window are respectively arranged on two end walls of the cooling cavity, and a coaxial high reflector and a coaxial partial reflector are respectively arranged outside the first transparent window and the second transparent window to form a resonant cavity, so that the terahertz radiation is coordinated with the resonant cavity to form terahertz laser.

Furthermore, a one-way valve is arranged on the first conveying pipe, so that the working substance in the storage container can enter the cooling cavity in a one-way mode.

Furthermore, the cooling cavity is connected with a recovery container through a second conveying pipe, and a one-way valve is arranged on the second conveying pipe, so that the working substances in the cooling cavity enter the recovery container in a one-way mode.

Furthermore, a power device is arranged on the second conveying pipe to drive the working substances in the cooling cavity to enter the recovery container.

Further, the power equipment is connected with a frequency power control system, and the frequency power control system controls the conveying speed of the power equipment to change the flow of the working substance and realize the adjustment of the output power of the terahertz laser.

Further, the high reflecting mirror and the partial reflecting mirror are connected with the frequency power control system, and the frequency power control system adjusts the distance between the high reflecting mirror and the partial reflecting mirror to change the output frequency of the terahertz laser; the first transparent window and the high reflecting mirror are positioned on the end wall of the cooling cavity or are replaced by the high reflecting mirror and are arranged at the position of the first transparent window on the end wall of the cooling cavity; and the second transparent window and the partial reflector which are positioned on the end wall of the cooling cavity or are replaced by the partial reflector are arranged at the position of the second transparent window on the end wall of the cooling cavity.

Furthermore, the high reflector and the partial reflector are metal or medium reflectors, the reflectivity of the high reflector to the terahertz wave is 90% -100%, and the transmissivity of the high reflector is 0; the partial reflector has 90-99% of terahertz wave pair reflectivity and 1-10% of transmissivity; and the equivalent optical distance between the high reflector and the partial reflector is integral multiple of half wavelength of working terahertz wave.

Furthermore, the terahertz laser also comprises a working parameter display system which is connected with the frequency power control system and the temperature control system and used for receiving the acquisition parameters of the frequency power control system and the temperature control system, calculating and outputting the working parameters of the terahertz laser according to the acquired parameters, and displaying the working parameters.

Further, the low-temperature heat source equipment, the cooling cavity, the first conveying pipe and the second conveying pipe are wrapped by heat insulation layers.

Further, the working substance is one or a mixture of more of organic gas, organic liquid, inorganic gas and inorganic liquid.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the temperature of the working substance is detected in real time through temperature detection equipment, the heat generated by the low-temperature heat source equipment is automatically adjusted according to the detected temperature data, the temperature in the cooling cavity is always kept to be lower than the temperature of the working substance by a set value, the working substance is cooled after entering the cooling cavity, molecules of the working substance are transited from a high energy level (virtual or inherent energy level) to a lower energy level (virtual or inherent energy level), terahertz radiation is generated, the terahertz laser output is realized by utilizing the synergistic effect of the resonant cavity, and the terahertz laser has the characteristics of high efficiency, small volume and low cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz laser based on a single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source according to the invention;

in the figure: 01. a low temperature heat source device; 02. a cooling chamber; 021. a first transparent window; 022. a second transparent window; 03. a working substance; 04. a first delivery pipe; 05. a first one-way valve; 06. a storage container; 07. a second delivery pipe; 08. a temperature sensor; 09. a second one-way valve; 10. a recovery vessel; 11. a resonant cavity; 111. a high reflection mirror; 112. a partial mirror; 12. a power plant; 13. a heat insulating layer; 14. a temperature control system; 15. a frequency power control system; 16. a working parameter display system; 17. and a power supply module.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, any combination between the embodiments or technical features described below may form a new embodiment.

The terahertz laser based on the single automatic temperature-regulating low-temperature heat source provided by the invention has the advantages of good coherence of output terahertz light, good directivity, small volume, high energy conversion efficiency and wide application value.

Referring to fig. 1, the terahertz laser based on the single self-temperature-adjusting low-temperature heat source comprises a storage container 06 for storing the working substance 03, and the temperature of the working substance 03 stored in the storage container 06 is room temperature. The working substance 03 may be an organic substance or an inorganic substance, or a mixture of organic substances or inorganic substances. Specifically, when the working substance 03 is an organic substance, it may be a ketone, an aldehyde, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, a hydrocarbon mixture, ethylene, propylene, butene, an alkene mixture, freon, a saturated hydrocarbon, an unsaturated hydrocarbon, an azeotropic mixture, or the like. When the working substance 03 is an inorganic substance, it may be air, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur dioxide, or the like, and specific substances of organic substances and inorganic substances are not limited herein. Further, the working substance 03 may be in a liquid or gaseous state, and is not limited thereto.

The storage container 06 communicates with the cooling chamber 02 via a first duct 04, so that the working substance 03 in the storage container 06 can be conveyed into the cooling chamber 02 via the first duct 04. In order to prevent the working substance 03 from reversely flowing to influence the normal output of terahertz laser of the laser, a first one-way valve 05 is arranged on the first conveying pipe 04, so that the working substance 03 in the storage container 06 can enter the cooling cavity 02 in one way.

The cooling cavity 02 is also connected with low-temperature heat source equipment 01, the low-temperature heat source equipment 01 provides heat lower than the temperature of the working substance 03 for the cooling cavity 02, so that the working substance 03 in the storage container 06 is conveyed into the cooling cavity 02 through the first conveying pipe 04 for cooling, and terahertz radiation is generated; the low-temperature heat source device 01 may be a water chilling unit or other device capable of generating a temperature lower than a room temperature, and the low-temperature heat source device 01 may be in close contact with the cooling cavity 02, and may also transmit the generated heat to the cooling cavity 02 through a pipe, so as to realize adjustment of the temperature in the cooling cavity 02 in a direct or indirect manner, and further maintain a temperature difference between the inside of the cooling cavity 02 and the inside of the storage container 06 as a set value.

Meanwhile, a temperature detection device, in this embodiment, the temperature detection device is a temperature sensor 08, and the temperature sensor 08 can detect the temperature of the working substance 03 in the first delivery pipe 04 and transmit the detected temperature data to the temperature control system 14 for analysis. The temperature control system 14 is connected with the low-temperature heat source device 01 and the temperature detection device, and after receiving temperature data detected by the temperature sensor 08, the temperature control system 14 automatically controls the heat generated by the low-temperature heat source device 01 according to the set terahertz radiation frequency and the temperature data of the working substance 03, so that the temperature difference between the inside of the cooling cavity 02 and the inside of the storage container 06 is maintained as a set value, and the output frequency of the terahertz laser is automatically adjusted.

The low-temperature heat source device 01, the cooling cavity 02, the first conveying pipe 04 and the second conveying pipe 07 are wrapped by the heat insulating layer 13, and are isolated from the outside through the heat insulating layer 13, so that the temperatures of the working substances 03 in the cooling cavity 02 and the conveying pipes are relatively stable, the influence of the temperature of the outside environment is avoided, and the output stability of the terahertz laser is improved.

A first transparent window 021 and a second transparent window 022 are respectively arranged on two end walls of the cooling cavity 02, in this embodiment, the direction of air flow in the cooling cavity 02 is perpendicular to the long side walls of the cooling cavity 02, and the first transparent window 021 and the second transparent window 022 are arranged outside two short side walls (i.e. two end walls) of the cooling cavity 02, and the transparent windows do not absorb or substantially do not absorb terahertz waves; and a coaxial high reflector 111 and a partial reflector 112 are respectively arranged outside the first transparent window 021 and the second transparent window 022 to form a resonant cavity 11, so that the terahertz radiation is cooperated with the resonant cavity 11 to form terahertz laser.

The equivalent optical distance between the high reflecting mirror 111 and the partial reflecting mirror 112 is an integral multiple of half wavelength of working terahertz wave, the high reflecting mirror 111 and the partial reflecting mirror 112 are connected with a frequency power control system 15, and the frequency power control system 15 can control the distance between the high reflecting mirror 111 and the partial reflecting mirror 112, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the output frequency of the terahertz laser; the first transparent window 021 and the high-reflection mirror 111 which are positioned on the end wall of the cooling cavity 02 or are replaced by the high-reflection mirror 111 are arranged at the position of the first transparent window 021 on the end wall of the cooling cavity 02; a second transparent window 022 and a partial reflector 112 or a partial reflector 112 are arranged at the end wall of the cooling chamber 02, and are replaced by the second transparent window 022.

The high reflecting mirror 111 and the partial reflecting mirror 112 may be metal or dielectric reflecting mirrors, the reflectivity of the high reflecting mirror 111 to the terahertz wave is 90% to 100%, and the transmittance thereof is 0; the partial reflector 112 has a terahertz wave pair reflectivity of 90-99% and a transmission rate of 1-10%; the high reflecting mirror 111 and the partial reflecting mirror 112 are coaxial, and the working frequency thereof is between 0.1THz and 30THz, that is, the resonant cavity 11 selects light with consistent frequency and direction between 0.1THz and 30THz to preferentially amplify, and suppresses light with other frequency and direction, thereby outputting terahertz laser light with frequency between 0.1THz and 30 THz.

Furthermore, a recovery container 10 is connected to the cooling chamber 02 via a second delivery pipe 07, and the recovery container 10 is used for storing the cooled working substance 03; and a second one-way valve 09 is arranged on the second conveying pipe 07 to enable the working substance 03 in the cooling cavity 02 to enter the recovery container 10 in a one-way manner, and meanwhile, a power device 12 is arranged on the second conveying pipe 07 to drive and accelerate the working substance 03 in the cooling cavity 02 to enter the recovery container 10 for storage. The power device 12 may be a blower or a pump, the blower may be used to drive the gaseous working substance 03 to be transported, and the pump may be used to drive the liquid working substance 03 to be transported; the power device 12 can also be connected to a frequency power control system 15, and the frequency power control system 15 controls the conveying speed of the power device 12 to change the flow rate of the working substance 03, so as to adjust the output power of the terahertz laser.

Working substance 03 is fed from working substance 03 reservoir via working substance 03 into first feed line 04 (temperature T)₁Corresponding to a virtual or intrinsic energy level E₁) Into the cooling chamber 02 (temperature T)₂Corresponding to a virtual or intrinsic energy level E₂) The temperature variation value is delta T ═ T₂-T₁Then the average internal energy per molecule is decreased by

Wherein k is Boltzmann constant; i is the degree of freedom of the gas molecule. At normal temperature, for monoatomic gas, i is 3; for a rigid diatomic gas, i ═ 5; for rigid polyatomic gases: i 6 and i 3n for elastomeric macromolecules, where n is the number of atoms in each molecule. According to the principle of electrodynamic force, the charged particles or the electric dipoles can radiate electromagnetic waves when doing acceleration or deceleration movement, so that molecules can radiate electromagnetic waves including terahertz waves in the molecular motion deceleration process of molecular vibration, rotation and translation of the working substance 03 with reduced temperature. According to energy conservation, the internal energy reduced quantity is partially converted into terahertz radiation energy, and part of the internal energy reduced quantity is released in the form of heat energy.

According to the relation between the radiation energy and the frequency of quantum mechanics and the formula (1), the frequency of terahertz radiation can be calculated as follows:

wherein h is 6.62606896 × 10-³⁴J · s is a Planck constant, wherein q is a coefficient for converting the internal energy of molecules into terahertz radiation quanta.

According to the formula (2), the frequency of the terahertz output wave can be adjusted by changing the temperature of the automatic temperature-adjusting low-temperature heat source and adjusting the temperature difference delta T. Because the flow determines the number of terahertz quanta radiated in the cooling cavity 02 in unit time, the terahertz radiation power is also determined, and the terahertz output power can be controlled by controlling the flow speed of the working substance 03. In the system, terahertz radiation energy is directly related to work done by a refrigerating system in a low-temperature heat source system, but according to the heat pump principle, the absolute value of the variation of the internal energy of the working substance 03 is several times of the work of a refrigerator, so that the system has high terahertz radiation conversion efficiency.

Several specific examples are given below: